130. - Collection Point® | The Total Digital Asset Management System

130. - Collection Point® | The Total Digital Asset Management System 130. - Collection Point® | The Total Digital Asset Management System

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4. Connections Between Sections ofZechariah 1-14 281 whole of chs. 1-14, although we did note links between 8.7-8 and 9.9-10.6. I shall attempt to gather these together at the end of this chapter. Before doing this I shall consider the work done by Mason on inner-biblical exegesis in Deutero-Zechariah. His work has focused on the use of earlier biblical material with a view to explaining the relationship (theological and otherwise) between the persons responsible for Zechariah 9-14 and the earlier part of the book. He also looks at the use of earlier material outside Zechariah 1-8. This is relevant to my own study in at least two ways: 1. I shall have a valuable check on how well my method identifies similarities: does it miss important points of contact; does it add anything to what scholars have already discovered by other methods? 2. I shall have to face the question whether the similarities I pick out are due to a concern for structure, or whether they are due simply to quoting or alluding to earlier material. This may include material originating outside the book of Zechariah but used by the writers/editors of both parts. In my judgment we must ignore the following words (given in the order in which they occur above): bfcnto 1 ', nun, ^03, »T>, CJT, 033,110, aitf, rVx), DV, Kbn, "pn, nno, in, 013, nrnK, 310, ntoy, obn, Tin, "in, am, nato, prn, -or, K^a, mx, n^n, *7ip. Some dubious examples have been kept even now, but we are left with a manageable number. I shall collect together those words which occur in the major sections that I have isolated. Contacts with 8.7-8 In this category there are three important words, D'n'pK, pts and art" 1 , which I have already noted in the relevant sections of Chapter 3 above. They certainly provide evidence that the writer/editor of Zechariah 9-10 shared the same central concerns as the one(s) responsible for Zechariah 7-8. I have also noted the similarity between 9.9 and 2.14. However, I do not think that we can demonstrate an intention to integrate these elements into a unified structure extending across Zechariah 1-8 and 9-14. The most we can say is that the writer/editor alludes to and re-emphasizes the theme of 'Yahweh as the God of his people' (found in both 2.10-17 [v. 15] and 8.8, the

282 Structure and the Book ofZechariah centre of chs. 7-8). However, the strongest contact with 8.7-8 is found in 9.16, 10.6, and (above all) 13.9, rather than in 9.9. 1 Contacts with 11.4-17 + 13.7-9 ]'D. We must ignore the common expression 'if it is good in your eyes'; this leaves 11.17, the curse upon the worthless shepherd. Even though 'eye' is an important word this cannot plausibly be linked with the obscure references in 9.1, 8. However, 12.4 'on the house of Judah I will open my eyes' looks as if it might be comparable to 9.8. rD3 and tix, both occur in 13.7-9. Both are connected with chastening, whereas 9.4 and 10.11 refer to punishment of Israel's traditional enemies, Tyre and Egypt. *?DK refers to 'eating flesh' of the sheep by other members of the flock (11.9) and by the worthless shepherd (11.16). This is not the same as judgment by fire (9.4; 11.1) nor victory in battle (9.15). 2 tiy is used of the worthless shepherd's arm. In chs. 9-10 it is also used of judgment: of Ekron's hopes, of riders of horses and of the depths of the Nile. This is an average range of meanings for this versatile verb, but it means that we cannot rely on it. 32)', meaning 'inhabitant' in 11.6, must be disregarded. rro is only found in Zechariah 9-14. Usually it signifies judgment, but in 11.10 it is used in the common idiom 'made a covenant'. ~mtf3 is an important word, and the 'sheep that are left' signify people. Nevertheless, nothing is done to emphasize the word in this context. Zech. 9.7 and 12.14 (Philistia as a clan; families that are left) are different. Moreover, in 13.8 the verb "inv is used. 'n^K is the most significant word in this section, and forms an inclusio. At the start it is used to imply that Yahweh is the prophet's God but the people could not speak in this way. At the end they have been brought into this relationship. There is some continuity established, therefore, throughout 9.1-13.9. I have already noted that 13.9 is similar to the promise of 2.15 and 8.8. These are linked, by means of the refrain '... you will know that 1. Cf. pp. 253, 267. 2. This verse is usually emended. See, e.g., Rudolph, Haggai, p. 184. Baldwin keeps the MT and understands it as: 'They shall eat (sc. the victory banquet)'. She comments: 'The slingstones that have come their way as missiles will be as useless then as all other weapons of war'. Either way, it cannot be connected with ch. 11.

4. Connections Between Sections ofZechariah 1-14 281<br />

whole of chs. 1-14, although we did note links between 8.7-8 and<br />

9.9-10.6. I shall attempt to gather these together at the end of this<br />

chapter. Before doing this I shall consider the work done by Mason on<br />

inner-biblical exegesis in Deutero-Zechariah. His work has focused on<br />

the use of earlier biblical material with a view to explaining the<br />

relationship (theological and otherwise) between the persons<br />

responsible for Zechariah 9-14 and the earlier part of the book. He<br />

also looks at the use of earlier material outside Zechariah 1-8. This is<br />

relevant to my own study in at least two ways:<br />

1. I shall have a valuable check on how well my method identifies<br />

similarities: does it miss important points of contact;<br />

does it add anything to what scholars have already discovered<br />

by other methods?<br />

2. I shall have to face the question whether the similarities I<br />

pick out are due to a concern for structure, or whether they<br />

are due simply to quoting or alluding to earlier material.<br />

This may include material originating outside the book of<br />

Zechariah but used by the writers/editors of both parts.<br />

In my judgment we must ignore the following words (given in the<br />

order in which they occur above): bfcnto 1 ', nun, ^03, »T>, CJT, 033,110,<br />

aitf, rVx), DV, Kbn, "pn, nno, in, 013, nrnK, 310, ntoy, obn, Tin, "in, am,<br />

nato, prn, -or, K^a, mx, n^n, *7ip. Some dubious examples have been<br />

kept even now, but we are left with a manageable number. I shall<br />

collect together those words which occur in the major sections that I<br />

have isolated.<br />

Contacts with 8.7-8<br />

In this category there are three important words, D'n'pK, pts and art" 1 ,<br />

which I have already noted in the relevant sections of Chapter 3<br />

above. <strong>The</strong>y certainly provide evidence that the writer/editor of<br />

Zechariah 9-10 shared the same central concerns as the one(s)<br />

responsible for Zechariah 7-8. I have also noted the similarity<br />

between 9.9 and 2.14. However, I do not think that we can demonstrate<br />

an intention to integrate these elements into a unified structure<br />

extending across Zechariah 1-8 and 9-14. <strong>The</strong> most we can say is that<br />

the writer/editor alludes to and re-emphasizes the theme of 'Yahweh<br />

as the God of his people' (found in both 2.10-17 [v. 15] and 8.8, the

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