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4. Connections Between Sections ofZechariah 1-14 253
The conclusions of these scholars are probably strong enough to
claim confirmation of my own results.
There is one interesting point of contact with Zechariah 9-14: in
2.9 Yahweh is for Jerusalem a 'wall of fire around'; in 12.6 the clans
of Judah become a pot of fire and a torch of fire to devour the nations
around. This is not exactly the same usage, but it is similar enough to
be noticed. 1 Other parallels seem too remote to be significant.
The Oracle ofZechariah 2.10-16 + 17
This has obvious links with the sections where the phrase '... know
that Yahweh has sent me' occurs. We shall discuss this separately.
Most words in this table either represent different uses or are
insufficiently distinctive for our purposes.
'in means 'Ho!' in 2.10-11, and 'Woe!' in 11.17; 013 means 'escape'
and 'flee' (because destruction has come to the city), 2.10, 14.5. 2 ra is
very common, but here it occurs in the phrase 'Sing and rejoice, O
daughter of Zion, for behold I am coming...', which is similar to
9.9, 'Rejoice greatly O daughter of Zion, shout for joy O daughter of
Jerusalem. Behold, your king will come...' The verbs do not overlap
at all, but they are often associated with each other elsewhere, and the
imperatives, together with the other common words, make quite a
strong link between the two passages. Perhaps this example also
indicates that it would be useful to do a further study which would
treat recognizable word pairs as repeated words. 3
b^ttf and D33 are used in similar ways in 2.12 and 14.1, 5. Taking 013,
]1D^, pbn, Ehp (14.1-5) into consideration might be expected to yield
some connection. The general situation is the same, and the 'reversal
1. Cf. Mason, Zechariah 9-14, pp. 203-204.
2. Admittedly, there is some similarity between these two ideas, in that in both
cases the people are running from a city under attack, but I think the difference is too
great to allow us to maintain a connection between these passages.
3. I have not felt able to tackle this in the present study. There are some useful
starting points in the works of R.C. Culley (e.g. Oral Formulaic Language in the
Biblical Psalms [Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1967]), S. Gevirtz,
W.R. Walters (Formula Criticism of the Poetry of the Old Testament [BZAW, 138;
Berlin: de Gruyter, 1976]; he gives some useful lists of word pairs for Isaiah,
pp. 155ff.) and W. Whallon (Formula, Character and Context [Cambridge, MA;
Harvard University Press, 1969], esp. pp. 140-61); see general bibliography.