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4. Connections Between Sections ofZechariah 1-14 243
almost all instances are of the participle; they have to do either with
an angel 'standing among the myrtle trees' or with 'standing before
(the angel of) Yahweh'; they only occur in 1.8-11, 3.1-7 and 4.14;
there is therefore an inclusio for Zechariah 3-4, and 4.14 is, as the
Meyers' point out, the 'climax to the entire central portion of the
visionary section' of Zechariah. 1 It would be plausible to see evidence
here, therefore, of the editor's hand. In ch. 14 its use is different
('And his feet shall stand', '[while] he is standing on his feet').
nbi^D is a very rare word (12 times in the OT), but the two
instances here cannot be linked: 'the myrtle trees which n^aa (glen?)'
and the 'depths (rrta) of the Nile'.
••3 "Qin ~|Kbn cannot indicate specific connections between sections
since it is so common. However, it does indicate continuity between
this vision and nos. 2, 3, 5, 6, 7 and 8. This being the case, it is noticeable
that the phrase does not occur in the fourth vision. There we find
the mrr "]Rbn which adds weight to the supposition that vv.12-13 is
redactional and belongs in some sense with ch. 3. This is not a strong
piece of evidence on its own, since the expression is fairly common in
the OT, and there is obviously some point in having a mysterious
lead-up to the naming of the angel as mrr ~|K^n, and in putting such a
reference in the opening vision.
n^tf is an important editorial word in chs. 2, 4 and 6, where it
occurs in the phrase '.. .know that Yahweh has sent me'. The use is
somewhat similar in 1.10 in that the horses are sent by Yahweh to
patrol the earth. On the other hand there is no emphasis on the fact of
a single person's being sent, which would have made a stronger connection
with 'sent me' (2.12-13, 15 etc.; see the discussion below).
This could have been done, so we assume it was not intended. The
same could be said for 7.12 which refers to the 'law and the words
sent by his Spirit through the former prophets'. Zech. 7.2, 8.10 and
9.11 represent different usage.
32)' is too common a verb in Zechariah to be considered on its own.
Nevertheless, it does occur as part of the phrase 'Jerusalem...
inhabited' (2.8; 7.7 [lowlands also]; 12.6; 14.11; cf. also 9.5-6,
'Ashkelon will be uninhabited.. .a mongrel people will dwell in
Ashdod'). The meaning is 'sit' in 3.8, 5.7, 6.13 and 8.4. Zech. 2.11,
'you who dwell with the daughter of Babylon', forms a contrast with
1. Haggai, Zechariah, p. 275.