130. - Collection Point® | The Total Digital Asset Management System
130. - Collection Point® | The Total Digital Asset Management System 130. - Collection Point® | The Total Digital Asset Management System
3. The Structure of Individual Sections of Zechariah 173 Gath is not mentioned, possibly because it no longer existed, but that is not our particular concern. Thus vv. 5-7 have this structure: a 1 a 2 a 3 a 2 a 1 a 4 A M B a 3 Clearly this has a certain regularity, but it is not obviously one intended by the author or redactor of the section. It would be understandable if: 1. Ekron was special in some way, for example the chief of the Philistine cities. 2. Ashdod was to receive special treatment, for example if an especially large number of deportees and/or settlers came from elsewhere. Perhaps Isa. 20.1 and Jer. 25.20 support this. On the other hand we might want to posit a redactor who inserted v. 6a. 30', vv. 5.#16, 6.#1 (adjacent words). This is a fairly frequent word in Zechariah. In Zechariah 9-14 it occurs in 10.6; 11.6; 12.5, 6, 7,8,10; 13.1; 14.10, 11.##1,7 (occurrences of the participle 'inhabitants' are italicized). In 10.6 we should perhaps read DTVO'tfm 'I will bring them back' instead of D'rVQiDirn 'I will cause them to dwell'. 1 There are no other repeated words in Zech. 9.1-8, so it may be worthwhile to ask what words occur in this section and elsewhere up to the end of the next major unit, 11.3. If we do that the following words are included. and that there are several similarities between Zeph. 3.14-20 and Zechariah, especially 9.9 (cf. R. Mason, The Use of Earlier Biblical Material in Zechariah 9-14: A Study of Inner Biblical Exegesis [dissertation, King's College, London, 1973], pp. 140-41), but also other parts of the book. Jer. 47.5, 7 has Gaza and Ashkelon and then Ashkelon. This yields no firm evidence of any understood patterns. In Zech. 10.10-11.1 we find: 10.10-11 Egypt—Assyria—Gilcadand Lebanon—Assyria—Egypt 11.1 Lebanon It is possible that one form of inclusio was aBa. . .B (or more elaborately, abCba. . . C). This may only be proposed tentatively at this stage (see below on 10.1-11.3). 1. Rudolph (Haggai, pp. 193-94) notes that MT in 10.6 is a mixed form from DTOtfvn and DTra'tfrn ('und ich lasse sie wohnen/zuruckkehren'). He reads the latter (against LXX) on the basis of 10.9b, lOa.
174 Structure and the Book ofZechariah m^in o'o is found at 9.3 and 10.5. The usage is not the same and neither word occurs elsewhere in Zechariah ('streets' in 8.5 is mam), although the phrase occurs in Mic. 7.10 and Ps. 18.42 (= 2 Sam. 22.43), 'always as a simile of contempt, ignominious treatment'. l Is this meant to indicate the beginning and end of a section? Is 9.3 near enough to the beginning to form an inclusio? The suggestion does not look plausible, but it is interesting that there is an inclusio in 10.6, 12. TIN, 9.4, 14, occurs nowhere else in Zechariah. Perhaps this unlikely word had some significance (which would never have been noticed once 'Yahweh' was replaced by 'The Lord' in public reading). D»3 rDm, 9.4; 10.11 (D» is also found in 9.10.##13,15; 10.11; 14.4, 8.##10,14). The two occurrences of this phrase, apart from being quite distinctive, have several features in common. 'The Lord will smite/hurl(?) her wealth into the sea (n"?'n D'2 rom)' refers to Tyre, but would probably also recall the fate of Pharaoh's host in the Red Sea. It is therefore particularly interesting that in 10.11 we find roni D*"?a D'3, possibly referring to the 'sea of Egypt' (reading Dn^D for mx). I lay no weight on this unsupported emendation, but Egypt is mentioned in 10.10 and later in v. 11 (by name, and also by means of the expression 'depths of the Nile'). Some correspondence is probably intended, therefore, between 9.4 and 10.11, particularly since the meaning of ron is different in each case. 2 In 9.10 we find the idea of the king's dominion from 'sea to sea', while in 14.8 living waters flow from Jerusalem to the eastern sea and to the western sea. This statement is immediately followed by the assertion that 'Yahweh will become king over all the earth'. The thought is comparable in that the seas are used to express the worldwide extent of the king's rule. The victory is won and peace/life is established. The reference in 14.4 seems to be unconnected (no'i nmrn). 1. BDB, p. 376. 2. In 9.4 n'rn D'3 rom is a hiphil of the root ro: (smite) followed by two nouns, one with 3 and one without. In Num. 11.33 the same situation occurs, but there the noun with beth is the object: HDD Din mrr> -p. Here the meaning must be: 'And he will smite its wealth in/into/with/by the sea' if the text is correct. The meaning 'hurl' adopted by RSV and some commentators (e.g. Baldwin) does not find support elsewhere in the OT. In 10.11 we have two accusatives: 'And he will smite the sea (+ 3) waves'. The word does occur elsewhere, plus beth before the object (e.g. Exod. 17.6; 1 Sam. 14.31).
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174 Structure and the Book ofZechariah<br />
m^in o'o is found at 9.3 and 10.5. <strong>The</strong> usage is not the same and<br />
neither word occurs elsewhere in Zechariah ('streets' in 8.5 is mam),<br />
although the phrase occurs in Mic. 7.10 and Ps. 18.42 (= 2 Sam.<br />
22.43), 'always as a simile of contempt, ignominious treatment'. l Is<br />
this meant to indicate the beginning and end of a section? Is 9.3 near<br />
enough to the beginning to form an inclusio? <strong>The</strong> suggestion does not<br />
look plausible, but it is interesting that there is an inclusio in 10.6, 12.<br />
TIN, 9.4, 14, occurs nowhere else in Zechariah. Perhaps this<br />
unlikely word had some significance (which would never have been<br />
noticed once 'Yahweh' was replaced by '<strong>The</strong> Lord' in public reading).<br />
D»3 rDm, 9.4; 10.11 (D» is also found in 9.10.##13,15; 10.11; 14.4,<br />
8.##10,14). <strong>The</strong> two occurrences of this phrase, apart from being<br />
quite distinctive, have several features in common. '<strong>The</strong> Lord will<br />
smite/hurl(?) her wealth into the sea (n"?'n D'2 rom)' refers to Tyre,<br />
but would probably also recall the fate of Pharaoh's host in the Red<br />
Sea. It is therefore particularly interesting that in 10.11 we find roni<br />
D*"?a D'3, possibly referring to the 'sea of Egypt' (reading Dn^D for<br />
mx). I lay no weight on this unsupported emendation, but Egypt is<br />
mentioned in 10.10 and later in v. 11 (by name, and also by means of<br />
the expression 'depths of the Nile'). Some correspondence is probably<br />
intended, therefore, between 9.4 and 10.11, particularly since the<br />
meaning of ron is different in each case. 2<br />
In 9.10 we find the idea of the king's dominion from 'sea to sea',<br />
while in 14.8 living waters flow from Jerusalem to the eastern sea and<br />
to the western sea. This statement is immediately followed by the assertion<br />
that 'Yahweh will become king over all the earth'. <strong>The</strong> thought is<br />
comparable in that the seas are used to express the worldwide extent<br />
of the king's rule. <strong>The</strong> victory is won and peace/life is established.<br />
<strong>The</strong> reference in 14.4 seems to be unconnected (no'i nmrn).<br />
1. BDB, p. 376.<br />
2. In 9.4 n'rn D'3 rom is a hiphil of the root ro: (smite) followed by two<br />
nouns, one with 3 and one without. In Num. 11.33 the same situation occurs, but<br />
there the noun with beth is the object: HDD Din mrr> -p. Here the meaning must be:<br />
'And he will smite its wealth in/into/with/by the sea' if the text is correct. <strong>The</strong><br />
meaning 'hurl' adopted by RSV and some commentators (e.g. Baldwin) does not find<br />
support elsewhere in the OT. In 10.11 we have two accusatives: 'And he will smite<br />
the sea (+ 3) waves'. <strong>The</strong> word does occur elsewhere, plus beth before the object<br />
(e.g. Exod. 17.6; 1 Sam. 14.31).
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