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3. The Structure of Individual Sections of Zechariah 111
original-draft-revised theory. In considering this chapter we have to
bear in mind that:
1. The majority of commentators believe vv. 8-10 to be an
addition to the original text. 1
2. many scholars believe that this fourth vision is an addition to
an original series of seven. 2
The word ntn may be omitted from consideration, since the uses
('And he caused me to see' and 'See!') are very different and quite far
apart.
It is noticeable that riKas mir occurs only at the end of vv. 1-7, and
(with DKJ) in vv. 9-10, that is at the climax of this whole section. All
the other words can be seen to have a specific function in the
construction of these verses.
The first notable repeated words are 'Joshua the high priest' (l.##3-
5, 8.##3-5). 'Joshua' alone occurs in vv. 3, 6 and 9. In v. 8 the
expression introduces a new section and so only rounds off the first
section indirectly. However, with Joshua the high priest are included
'your companions who dwell before you, who are men of naio (sign,
wonder, "good omen"?)'. 3 Some correspondence with nnan (9.#12)
1. Petitjean, as usual, gives a full discussion (Les oracles, pp. 161-206). He
believes that J.W. Rothstein (Die Nachtgesichte des Sacharja [Leipzig: Hinrichs,
1910], pp. 87-89) showed that vv. 1-7 were originally an independent pericope,
before they were introduced into their present context. Scholars supporting this theory
include Sellin, Elliger, Rignell, Eichrodt, Eissfeldt, Rudolph (who also regards
vv. 8b and 10 as secondary to vv. 8-10; Haggai,pp. 98-103). Mitchell (following
Marti) treats vv. 6-10 together but regards v. 8b as a gloss (Haggai, Zechariah,
Malachi and Jonah, pp. 154-56). Peterson calls vv. 6-10 'The Responses' (Haggai
and Zechariah, p. 202), regards v. 8 as intrusive and designed to support
Zerubbabel against Joshua (pp. 208-14). Beuken holds a novel view: 1-5 + 8-10 are
a literary unity, into which vv. 6-7 have been inserted (Haggai-Sacharja, pp. 282-
303). This is connected with his view that Zechariah comes from a 'Chronistic milieu'.
2. E.g. Horst, Elliger, Chary, C. Jeremias. Many recognize that it forms a unity
with the fifth vision. E.g. Beuken (see note above), Amsler (Agee, Zacharie,
Malachi, p. 58).
3. The word means 'wonder, sign, portent' (BOB, p. 68), here signifying a 'sign or
token of a future event'presumably the coming of 'my servant, nni!', cf. Isa. 8.18.
Joshua's companions are almost certainly also priests (cf., e.g., Amsler, Agee,
Zacharie, Malachi, p. 83, Mitchell, Haggai, Zechariah, Malachi and Jonah,
pp. 147, 155-56).