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The Earth's Shifting Crust by Charles Hapgood - wire of information

The Earth's Shifting Crust by Charles Hapgood - wire of information

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168<br />

EARTH'S SHIFTING CRUST<br />

dating from 1929, had been seventy feet high; now less than ten<br />

feet <strong>of</strong> them could be seen (246:59-60).<br />

<strong>The</strong> best evidence for the rate <strong>of</strong> snow accumulation in<br />

Antarctica, however, comes from some scientific measurements<br />

taken in connection with "Operation Highjump" <strong>by</strong><br />

the United States Navy, in the years 1947-48. <strong>The</strong> reports <strong>of</strong><br />

this thorough study were included in the Army Observer's<br />

Report <strong>of</strong> the expedition, and were made available to me<br />

through the kindness <strong>of</strong> Admiral Byrd. Observations were<br />

made at a number <strong>of</strong> points; the snowfall was found to have<br />

averaged nine inches per year since the previous Byrd expedition<br />

(12).<br />

Of course, snow does not accumulate equally at all points<br />

in Antarctica. In many exposed places it may not accumulate<br />

at all, but may be blown away <strong>by</strong> the wind. In the interior it<br />

is reasonable to suppose it may accumulate at a slower rate<br />

than on the coasts. Since measurements taken in a few areas<br />

only may be seriously misleading, we should briefly review<br />

the general factors controlling the snowfall and snow accu-<br />

mulation.<br />

First, let us cite the testimony <strong>of</strong> a scientist-explorer, Nordenskjold,<br />

who was the first to take scientific measurements<br />

<strong>of</strong> the snowfall in Antarctica. He also took temperature rec-<br />

ords during many months. Of these he said:<br />

<strong>The</strong>y also prove that there is a tremendous difference between<br />

an arctic and an antarctic summer climate, and that our summer<br />

was colder than winters in southern Sweden. But the temperature<br />

alone does not give a true idea <strong>of</strong> the conditions in South Polar<br />

regions, and the following example will serve to illustrate some<br />

other points <strong>of</strong> view. I had arranged a row <strong>of</strong> bamboo rods on the<br />

glacier, in order to measure the changes in the height <strong>of</strong> the ice caused<br />

was found<br />

<strong>by</strong> thawings and snowfalls. During the winter this height<br />

to be constant, and not the slightest part <strong>of</strong> the snow which then fell<br />

remained on the glacier. But during the summer, on the other hand,<br />

the height <strong>of</strong> the snow covering increased <strong>by</strong> 25 centimeters (9.75<br />

inches)<br />

and this amount still remained when we left these tracts one<br />

year later.<br />

Thus the reader must imagine a climate where winter is as severe

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