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The Earth's Shifting Crust by Charles Hapgood - wire of information

The Earth's Shifting Crust by Charles Hapgood - wire of information

The Earth's Shifting Crust by Charles Hapgood - wire of information

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THE MOUNTAINS 125<br />

It follows that when lateral pressures develop during a<br />

displacement <strong>of</strong> the crust, as the downward projections <strong>of</strong><br />

continents and mountains are brought to bear against the upward<br />

extension <strong>of</strong> the viscous layer below the ocean base-<br />

ments, large blobs <strong>of</strong> this s<strong>of</strong>t rock <strong>of</strong> lesser density will be<br />

detached from the undersides <strong>of</strong> the continents, or mountain<br />

ranges, and will get shifted to other places. If, as a result <strong>of</strong><br />

this shifting around, the average densities <strong>of</strong> vertical columns<br />

extending from the bottom to the top <strong>of</strong> the crust get<br />

changed, then there will eventually be corresponding changes<br />

<strong>of</strong> elevation at the surface. Some areas might, as a result, tend<br />

to rise, and others to sink. This could account, naturally, for<br />

changes <strong>of</strong> sea level, and for many topographical features<br />

such as basins and plateaus.<br />

To sum up the question <strong>of</strong> sea levels, it appears that the<br />

assumption <strong>of</strong> displacements <strong>of</strong> the crust (especially if they<br />

are considered to have been numerous) may help to explain<br />

them. It seems able to explain why glaciated areas (which<br />

we consider to have been areas displaced poleward) appear<br />

to have stood higher relatively to sea level, and why periods<br />

<strong>of</strong> warm climate in particular regions appear to have been<br />

associated with reduced elevation <strong>of</strong> the land, and transgres-<br />

sions <strong>of</strong> the sea. <strong>The</strong> theory seems to satisfy Umbgrove's<br />

conclusion that sea-level changes have resulted from some<br />

"world-embracing cause" (430:93). It accounts, too, for<br />

Bucher's suggestion that regressions <strong>of</strong> the sea have resulted<br />

from subcrustal expansion, and transgressions from sub-<br />

crustal contraction, for this, obviously, is only another way<br />

<strong>of</strong> looking at a displacement <strong>of</strong> the crust (58:479). (If an area<br />

is displaced poleward, the effect <strong>of</strong> subcrustal contraction is<br />

created; if it is displaced equatorward, the effect <strong>of</strong> subcrustal<br />

expansion occurs.) At the same time it provides an explanation<br />

for the rhythmic changes <strong>of</strong> sea levels through geological<br />

history that so mystified Grabau:<br />

This rhythmic succession and essential simultaneousness <strong>of</strong> the<br />

transgressions as well as the regressions in all the continents, indicates

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