SCOOTER82a_Livingstone_Frequencies of Hemoglobin Variants ...

FREQUENCIES OF
HEMOGLOBIN VARIANTS
Thalassemia, The Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase Deficiency,
G6PD Variants, and Ovalocytosis in Human Populations
FRANK B. LIVINGSTONE
Department of Anthropology
University of Michigan
Ann Arbor, Michigan
New York Oxford
OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS
1985

OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS
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Copyright © 1985 by Oxford University Press, Inc.
Published by Oxford University Press, Inc., 200 Madison Avenue,
New York, New York 10016
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a
retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic,
mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior
permission of Oxford University Press.
Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data
Livingstone, Frank B.
Frequencies of hemoglobin variants.
Bibliography; p.
1. Hemoglobin polymorphisms-Tables. 2. Human population
genetics-Tables. 3. Genetic polymorphisms-Tables.
4. Thalassemia-Tables. I. Title. [DNLM: 1. Hemoglobins,
Abnormal-tables. 2. Variation (Genetics)-tables.
WH 16 L786f]
GN264.L58 1985 612'.1111 85-8953
ISBN 0-19-503634-4
Printing (last digit); 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
Printed in the United States of America

-',
CONTENTS
1. Introduction, 6
2. Explanation of the Data Table, 11
3. Sequence of Countries, 13
4. Explanation of Symbols, 14
5. Data Table, 15
6. References, 461

there are still many problems and questions concerning
the specific distributions of each trait
and their population dynamics. The major problem
is why there are so many genetic variants,
and this includes the great number found in
some populations but also the great variation
that exists among major geographic areas. This
great variety seems to indicate the recency of
malaria selection in human populations or: at
least since the human species has spread
throughout most of the world. This expansion
occurred much earlier in the Old World and
reached Australia by 30,000 B.C. while the New
World was not occupied until about 15,000 B.C.
Since the New World was first populated via the
Bering Strait, it is unlikely that malaria was
endemic there until after contact with Africa and
the Old World (Dunn 1965). This is reflected in
the almost total absence of red cell variants in
the Amerindians except where they have been
in contact and admixed with Old World immigrants.
(For these frequencies and others to be
discussed, no citations are given; the data can be
found in the table.)
The recency of malaria selection in the Old
World accounts for the differences between the
Southeast Asian peoples and those of the Middle
East, Africa, and India. Hemoglobin E is
found in very high frequencies in much of
Southeast Asia and has diffused westward as far
as Assam in India, while hemoglobin S is common
in Africa, the Middle East, and India. The
border of these two hemoglobin distributions
around Calcutta corresponds to the major ethnic
border in Northern India between Indo­
European speakers to the west and Tibeto­
Burman speakers to the east. It also corresponds
in a general way to the spread of agriculture
and empires from the two principal foci of the
evolution of civilization in the Middle East
and China.
In addition to these two hemoglobin variants,
thalassemia and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase
deficiency are also found in high frequencies
in both major regions, but in contrast
each condition is the result of many different
mutations. This bewildering variety of mutations
in both these areas where malaria has been a
selective factor is markedly different from populations
in more temperate climates to the north
and south of the equator. These latter populations
are almost completely homozygous for the
normal allele at all these loci. Very large samples
have been examined for some of these populations
and many different mutations have been
detected, but these occur at very low frequencies.
For example, the Japanese have never
been subjected to severe malaria and hence are
one of these homozygous populations. However,
the number of Japanese examined for
hemoglobin or G6PD variants now number in
the millions, and a great many rare variants have
been detected. There have been much smaller
samples of Eskimos, Polynesians, Australian
Aborigines, Russians, Swedes, and many other
populations investigated, and it is now rather
conclusive that these populations do not have
polymorphic (>1%) frequencies of hemoglobin
variants or of G6PD deficiency. It may be possible,
however, that with more sophisticated
techniques several variants of G6PD that are not
deficient could be found.
It would seem that as endemic malaria has
spread throughout the world, the hemoglobin
and G6PD deficient mutants that are already
present in very low frequencies in any population
have begun to be selected. As would be
expected, these variants vary from one popula-
7
tion to another. Since thalassemia and G6PD
deficiency are detected by "phenotypic" or
functional differences in the gene products,
many different mutations are subsumed in each
of these clinical conditions. Thus the first mutant
encountered by malaria in its diffusion throughout
the world would most likely be a "thalassemic"
or "G6PD deficient" allele rather than a
hemoglobin variant. The somewhat peripheral
distribution of high frequencies of thalassemia
accords with this hypothesis. Thalassemia is
found in most populations in malarious areas
and in high frequencies in some endogamous or
isolated populations in the central areas of the
malarial belt, but some of the highest frequencies
of thalassemia are found on the edges in
Sardinia and Europe, West Africa, China, and
New Guinea. On the other hand, in Africa, from
Nigeria westward through Central Africa to the
East Coast, where hemoglobin S occurs in its
highest frequencies and is apparently close to
equilibrium, there are very low frequencies of
thalassemia, or more specifically ,8-thalassemia.
Hemoglobin S has replaced ,8-thalassemia in
these populations, but in one of the isolated
peoples in this area, the Nilotic tribes which
include the Nuer, Dinka, and Shilluk of the
Sudan, there are very low frequencies of hemoglobin
S and apparently high frequencies of ,8thalassemia.
Also in accord with this hypothesis
of recent hemoglobin S diffusion, this gene has
replaced ,8-thalassemia in the oasesof Saudi Arabia
and is in the process of replacing it in Macedonia,
which appears to be the wave of
advance of this gene.
In the populations of Assam, Thailand, and
Cambodia, where hemoglobin E attains its highest
frequencies, this gene has almost completely
replaced ,8-thalassemia, while out through the

Indonesian Archipelago to New Guinea and
northward through Thailand, Laos, and China, {3
-thalassemia does have higher frequencies in the
absence of high frequencies of hemoglobin E.
The replacement of other {3 chain mutants,
including all the {3-thalassemias and other hemoglobin
variants, by either hemoglobin S or
hemoglobin E is due to the higher relative fitnesses
of the latter two genes, where the fitness
of the gene is a combination of the heterozygote
and the homozygote fitnesses. Since simultaneous
heterozygosity for two abnormal alleles or
homozygosity for any of them results in a
decreased relative fitness compared to normal
homozygotes, these abnormal variants are in
competition with one another. The better competitor
tends to eliminate the other alleles, and
the enormous fitness advantage of heterozygotes
for hemoglobin S has caused the rapid diffusion
of this allele in the Old World. The very
high fitness of heterozygotes for hemoglobin S
can be inferred from the very high frequencies
of this gene in tropical Africa where the homozygotes
have a fitness close to O. Homozygosity
in Africa is associated with a very high mortality
and the few homozygotes that do survive have
very few offspring. In order to balance this
decrease in fitness and attain a gene frequency
of 0.15 to 0.20, the heterozygotes must have an
advantage of 25% or more over normal
homozygotes.
Similar analyses of other hemoglobin variants
yield much lower estimates of their heterozygote
fitnesses. The much larger relative fitness of
hemoglobin S heterozygotes is the primary reason
that much more evidence has been found
for this difference in fitness and for their resistance
to malaria. To detect a 5% difference in
fitness, as is probable for hemoglobins C or E
whose homozygotes have a minimal decrease in
fitness, would be difficult if not impossible with
the sample sizes of most tests performed so far.
The ability of a particular allele to increase in frequency
at the expense of other abnormal alleles,
when it starts at a very low frequency, is largely
dependent on the fitness of the heterozygote
with a normal allele (Cavalli-Sforza and Bodmer
1971). Hemoglobin S has spread so far and so
fast because of the much greater fitness of the
hemoglobin S heterozygote compared to the
other {3 hemoglobin variants.
Recent work on the complete DNA structure
of the {3 hemoglobin locus has made it possible
to detect the pathways of the diffusion of the relatively
few hemoglobin S mutants that are
responsible for most instances of this gene in
human populations (Kan and Dozy 1980). The
examination of more populations has complicated
the proposed migration routes (Mears et
al. 1981), and there is now evidence of a considerable
amount of mutation, crossing-over, or
gene conversion at the {3 globin locus (Antonarakis
et al. 1984). Nevertheless, these data may
allow good estimates of the origin of the hemoglobin
S genes in America. Combining the studies
of Antonarakis et al. (1984) and Pagnier et al.
(1984), one can estimate that most of the hemoglobin
S genes in American Blacks come from
the area of Benin (108), while the next most
common are from Central Africa (32) and the
least common from the Senegal area (11). Data
from Southeast Asia on the hemoglobin E genes
indicate that more than one mutation is found in
the Cambodians (Antonarakis et al. 1982), but
data on the geographical distributions of these
different mutants are not available at present.
However, separate mutations to hemoglobin E
have been found in European populations
8
(Kazazian et al. 1984b). It is also possible to trace
the diffusion of some {3-thalassemia variants
(Thein et al. 1984).
The hemoglobin variants are thus the first loci
for which the effects of both selection and
migration can be determined. With the assumption
that malaria is the major cause of high frequencies
of the hemoglobin variants, the fitnesses
of the various genotypes can be
estimated, and now the direction of migration
and perhaps some estimate of its amount can be
determined. For these genes we are hence in a
much better position to apply genetic theory to
the interpretation of their 'distributions. We can
then obtain some idea of the effect of other
forces of genetic change such as population
size, inbreeding, or marriage patterns. Although
such interpretations require the estimation of
many parameters, models involving simulations
of the forces of evolution can contribute to our
understanding of the distributions of the various
hemoglobin alleles, for example, Livingstone
(1976) on the hemoglobin history of West
Africa.
Nevertheless, many problems remain, as a
perusal of the approximately 8000 frequencies
recorded in this compilation would readily
show. The major one seems to be the great variety
of red cell genetic variants that are found in
the major geographic areas of the Old World.
Southeast Asia is so different from Africa, India,
and the Middle East that there would appear to
be other differences in selection involved. First,
ovalocytosis is prevalent from Malaya through
the Indonesian Archipelago to New Guinea. This
trait does seem to confer some resistance to
malaria (Serjeantson et al. 1977, Kidson et al.
1981) and occurs all over the world in low frequencies.
I saw a few cases in Liberia amongthe

thousands of blood preparations I examined.
The question is then why it has only increased in
this one malarious area. Migration is surely one
of the forces contributing to its distribution, but
the populations of Papua New Guinea are ethnically
quite distinct from the peoples of the
Malay Peninsula. The migration would have to
have been very ancient and did not result in
hemoglobin E being dispersed among the same
peoples. This seems to be more evidence for the
later diffusion of hemoglobin E, but it would also
seem to raise the possibility that malaria selection
is somewhat different in this area from that
in Africa or the Middle Eastand India.
The very high frequencies of hemoglobin E in
Southeast Asia raise a similar problem. This allele
is also a common mutant and, as has been previously
stated, is now found occasionally in
Europe and also among the Eti-Turks. Given its
high frequencies in Asia, one would assume that
it would have increased more than it has in other
malarious areas. Again the possibility of differences
in malaria selection arises, although the
same species of human malaria parasite occurs
in both Southeast Asia and the Africa-Middle
East area. Hemoglobin C is found in high frequencies
in West Africa, and hemoglobin OArab
in much of the Middle East and North Africa in
low frequencies. These are both the same glu­
Iys change found in hemoglobin E but at different
positions. Since the clinical symptoms of
homozygosity for these two hemoglobin variants
are similar to those of hemoglobin E, they would
appear to have the same fitness disadvantage
and probably the same advantage in heterozygotes;
but with the exception of some hemoglobin
C frequencies in West Africa, these two variants
nowhere approach in frequency the
hemoglobin E frequencies in Southeast Asia or
Assam. In all cases, these glu-Iys mutants seem
to be out-competed by hemoglobin S and are in
the process of being replaced by it. The fact that
hemoglobin S is not found in Southeast Asia but
in high frequencies in Africa and the Middle East
could account for these differences.
Finally, the distributions of a-thalassemia in
Southeast Asia and Africa seem so different as to
require further factors to explain them. In most
human populations, the a locus is duplicated, so
that most individuals have four functional sites
that produce a chains. a-thalassemia is a mutation
that results in the absence of function of
either one or both of the a genes on a single
chromosome; the single deletion is a2-thalassemia
(-a) and the double deletion, al-thalassemia
(- -). Homozygosity for the double deletion
results in an inviable fetus with hydrops
fetalis, while simultaneous heterozygosity for
the single and double deletions (-al - -)
causes hemoglobin H disease, which can result
in varying degrees of decreased fitness. Thus,
the two genes are in competition. Most estimates
of the fitness values of all the genotypes
imply that there are no stable polymorphism frequencies
with both alleles present in a population
(Wills and Londo 1981, Livingstone 1983).
Most estimates also indicate that the al-thalassemia
gene would be replaced, which has led to
Wills and Londo calling it a "fugitive" allele.
Yokoyama (1983) made a similar analysis of the
a-thalassemias and concluded that a stable polymorphism
can exist with both the single and
double deletions present. However, his estimates
of the fitness values of the various genotypes
seem to be very unrealistic. Of the eight
sets of fitnesses that result in a stable polymorphism,
half (four) estimate the fitness of hemoglobin
H disease (heterozygous for both the sin-
9
gle and double deletion (-al - -)) to be
greater than normals or individuals with four a
genes. This is impossible. For the other four sets,
individuals with two a genes in the form of heterozygosity
of the double deletion and the normal
(- - I aa) have an increased fitness compared
to normals, while those with two deletions
who are homozygous for the single deletion
(-al-a) have a decreased fitness. Given the
phenotypic similarity of these genotypes, these
estimates seem highly unrealistic. In addition,
the decrease in fitness of the single deletion
homozygote is as great in most cases as those
with hemoglobin H disease, which again seems
to me to have little evidence in its favor. Thus,
more reasonable estimates of these fitness values
still lead to the conclusion that no possible
stable polymorphism could exist. Nevertheless,
although a2-thalassemia (-a) is much more
widespread and occurs in higher frequencies, a
l-thalassemia (--) is found in polymorphic frequencies
in the Mediterranean and is very common
in Southeast Asia. I have shown that althalassemia
will inhibit the increase of a2-thalassemia
if it attains polymorphic frequencies first
and that may have happened in Southeast Asia
(Livingstone 1983). But this is still one more
striking difference between Southeast Asia and
other areas with many malaria polymorphisms in
the Old World.
Only a few of the major problems raised by
current knowledge of the distribution of these
red cell traits have been discussed. A perusal of
many of the frequencies recorded here raises
many other questions. It is hoped that this compilation
of the data will be useful in solving some
of them and in relating this certain segment of
human genetic variation to human demographic,
cultural, and epidemiological history.

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The frequencies and results compiled in the
table were determined by the entire range of
techniques developed in the last fifty years, from
the crudest sickle cell test or microscopic determination
of microcytemia to the DNA sequencing
of the entire a or (3 chain. This leads to difficulties
in recording such disparate data in a
single format and in calculating "gene" frequencies.
Of course, what entity's frequency can be
calculated is dependent on the level of measurement.
For example, at the most inclusive or
inexact level, thalassemia can be detected by
the osmotic resistance of the red cells and one
can calculate the frequency of the "thalassemia"
gene. But then measuring the level of A2 hemoglobin
can distinguish (3-thalassemia from a-thalassemia.
Thus, whatever gene frequencies are
calculated in that column of the table are dependen
on the types of tests used to obtain the data
recorded in the Results column.
The Reference, Population, Place, and Number
Tested columns are self-explanatory. In
many cases where there was a clinical condition
or other characteristic of the population that
may have an effect on the results, this is
recorded in parentheses in the Population column.
Sex is only noted for the G6PD variants or
deficiency because there is very little evidence
of a marked effect of sex on the hemoglobin or
thalassemia frequencies.
The Systems column was added in order to
facilitate the selection of the frequencies of
interest. In addition, it was hoped that describing
the system would make it possible to use more
EXPLANATION OF THE DATA TABLE
simplified notations in the Results column.
Nevertheless, to reduce the many kinds of data
to a few lines in the Results column proved to
be the most difficult task. Alas, it is also still the
most difficult part of the table to comprehend.
To summarize the data, a great number of
abbreviations have been used. First, the Greek
letters are not generally available on the Michigan
Terminal System, so that for the a, (3, 'Y, and
ochains of hemoglobin, the letters a, b, g, and d
are used in both the Results and Gene Frequency
columns. The recording of hemoglobin
variants follows the idiosyncrasies of the development
of our knowledge of these variants. At
first each new variant was assigned a new letter,
so that today there are hemoglobins C, D, E, and
on upto P. The pace of discovery then rendered
this system of nomenclature obsolete or inadequate.
Prior to that, sickle cell hemoglobin had
been assigned the letter S, although B was first
used for it and this resulted in no hemoglobin
being assigned to B. F was assigned to fetal
hemoglobin, which had been known for a long
time, but since fetal hemoglobin contains 'Y and
not (3 chains, fetal hemoglobin variants are not
alleles of the adult hemoglobins. Hemoglobin
variants then began to be identified by geographical
location although some were more
specific than others; thus there is hemoglobin
Mexico, hemoglobin Hammersmith (a suburb of
London), hemoglobin Altgeld Gardens (an apartment
complex in Chicago), and everything in
between. However, the letter designations were
retained to indicate the electrophoretic behavior
11
of the hemoglobin; for example, hemoglobin
GAccra indicates a mobility like hemoglobin S
and G, a charge slower than hemoglobin A, but
with no sickling associated with it. Occasionally,
the exact amino acid change is not known but
the chain the mutation is on is known so that D(3
is a D variant on the (3 chain or Ga is known for
the a chain. On the table these would be Db or
Ga.
The variants of adult hemoglobin, or mutations
of the a and (3 chains, have been recorded
as well as they are known with no prefixing identification.
Thus, asAD, ADb, or ADPunjab, when
heterozygous, for example, or as Avariant when
the abnormal variant has not been identified.
Other genotypes are shown as D, DD, DbTh,
according to whether the investigator has
attempted to distinguish the single hemoglobin
pattern as due to homozygosity or simultaneous
heterozygosity for an allelic thalassemia gene.
For each population, the name of the variant is
first spelled out but then abbreviations have
been used, for example, Lepore then Lep.
On the other hand, variants of A 2 or fetal
hemoglobin are identified as such, for example,
A2 Flatbush or FSardinia. These variants are
assumed to be heterozygous, but when they
have been distinguished, (het) and (hom) are
appended. Many populations have been tested
for elevations of either A 2 or fetal hemoglobin to
detect (3-thalassemia or a condition called the
hereditary persistence of fetal hemoglobin
(HPFH). These are indicated by A2, F, or HPFH
although the latter appears to be a single gene

associated with some defect of normal hemoglobin
production. The latter two conditions are
frequently difficult to distinguish.
The G6PD variants are also distinguished by
the prefix Gd, for example, GdMadrona. The
positive variants are not indicated as such, but
the negative ones are, for example, GdB and
GdA-. In some studies the negative variants are
not so distinguished since they were not so indicated
in the source. The G6PD deficiency is
indicated by gdef. In many studies partial or
intermediate or weak deficients are differentiated
from total deficients and are abbreviated
as part, int, or wk, respectively. Many times, and
especially in females, different genotypes cannot
be separated, so that these are indicated by a
"/" meaning "or" as, for example, GdAA/AAor
GdAB/A-B.
Many different notations have been used for
the thalassemias, primarily because of the many
kinds of tests involved. Osmotic Resistance
(OsmRes) is the least accurate test of thalassemia
since other conditions can result in smaller
red cells. And, of course, it does not differentiate
between a and {3-thalassemia. Elevated amounts
of A 2 and fetal hemoglobins have been the most
used tests for (3-thalassemia,and these have been
recorded as individuals with an elevation of
either one of these or both. For example, A2 =
2/A2F = 4/F = 3(9.0), where the "/" means
"or" and the percentage refers to the total number
with any elevation. More recent and sophisticated
techniques can now distinguish between
{30 and {3+-thalassemia which have no or some {3
chain production, respectively. Some individuals
have now been found to have deletions of one
or two a chains on a chromosome, and these
are recorded as - - or -a, where the normal
allele is aa. Thus, the genotypes are given
as - - /aaor -a/-aorevena-/a-,allofwhich
have two deleted a genes, and the "/" in this
case'does not mean "or" but rather "and."
12
Finally, in some few cases two different systems
have been examined, and a "+" has been
used in these cases, for example, AS+gdef
means heterozygosity for hemoglobin Sand
G6PD deficiency. A great many assumptions
have been necessary at times to reduce the data
to this simplified form, and there are inconsistencies
as to when gene frequencies have been
calculated or percentages of the raw data computed.
But the actual numbers are presented
whenever possible. Some investigations, however,
did not give the number examined so that
only the percentage with the abnormal phenotype
is known, or in some cases the recording of
a hemoglobin variant in a particular country was
considered to be of sufficient significance to be
reported as an individual case or family study.
This computer file is an ongoing project, and any
unpublished or omitted data on the frequencies
of these genes would be appreciated as additions
to our knowledge.

Polynesia
Micronesia
Melanesia
New Guinea
Australia
Philippines
Indonesia
Malaysia
Singapore
Burma
Thailand
Cambodia
Laos
Vietnam
China
Taiwan
Korea
japan'
Mongolia
Sri Lanka
India
Bangladesh
Bhutan
Sikkim
Nepal
Pakistan
Afghanistan
Iran
Iraq
Iraq & Turkey
SEQUENCE OF COUNTRIES
The sequence of the countries or areas in which the data are organized is shown below (Polynesia is
first. Micronesia second, and Ecuador last); an index with page numbers is also provided.
Kuwait
Bahrain & Qatar
United Arab Emirates
Muscat & Oman
South Yemen
Aden
Yemen
Saudi Arabia
jordan
Syria
Lebanon & Syria
Lebanon
Israel
Cyprus
Malta
Turkey
Greece
Yugoslavia
Bulgaria
Romania
U.S.S.R.
Poland
Hungary
Czechoslovakia
Italy
Spain
Portugal
France
Switzerland
Germany
Benelux
Denmark
Norway
Sweden
Finland
Iceland
Great Britain
Europe
Egypt
Libya
Tunisia
Algeria
Morocco
Mauritania
Cape Verde
Senegal
Guinea
Guinea-Bissau
Gambia
Sierra Leone
Liberia
Ivory Coast
Mali
Upper Volta
Niger
Ghana
Togo
Benin
Nigeria
Chad
13
Cameroon
Sao Tome & Principe
West Africa
Central African Republic
Equatorial Guinea
Gabon
Congo Republic
Zaire
Angola
Botswana
Namibia
South Africa
Mozambique
Malawi
Zimbabwe
Zambia
Burundi
Rwanda
Uganda
Tanzania
Kenya
Sudan
Djibouti
Ethiopia
Somalia
Seychelles
Comoros
Madagascar
Mauritius & Reunion
Greenland
Canada
U.S.A.
Mexico
Guatemala
Belize
Honduras
EI Salvador
Nicaragua
Costa Rica
Panama
Cuba
jamaica
Haiti
Dominican Republic
Puerto Rico
Bahamas
Lesser Antilles
Trinidad
Colombia
Venezuela
Guyana
Surinam
French Guiana
Brazil
Paraguay
Argentina
Chile
Bolivia
Peru
Ecuador

Hb
Th
Gd
Ov
HTGd
EXPLANATION OF SYMBOLS
SYSTEM CODES
Hemoglobin: Electrophoresis or Sickling Test
Thalassemia: Osmotic Resistance, Electrophoresis for Elevated A2 or F Hemoglobins. Alkali
Denaturation for Elevated Hb F
Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenases: Deficiency Tests, Electrophoresis, Many Other Tests
for Variants
Ovalocytosis: Blood Film Morphology, Weak I(T) Antigen
Hemoglobin, Thalassemia, and G6PD Tests
A2
F
HPFH
CoSp
B2 or A2'
OsmRes
aTh,bTh,gTh,dTh
hom, het, hem, int
Ag, Gg, AgT
ABBREVIATIONS
elevated amount of Hb A2
elevated amount of Hb F
hereditary persistance of Fetal Hemoglobin
hemoglobin Constant Spring
heterozygotes for delta chain variant
increased red cell osmotic resistance
alpha, beta, gamma, delta thalassemia heterozygotes
homozygotes, heterozygotes, hemizygotes, intermediate for Th or G6PD
hemoglobin F gamma chains, AgT = Hb F Sardinia
14

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
I I I
POLYNESIA
1027 Chinese(males) Hawa i i 86 Gd gdef=6(7.0)
1027 Chinese(females) Hawa ii c 70 Gd gdef=9(12.9)
1028 Chinese Hawa ii 152 Hb A=152
17
I qdef=.07
1027 Chinese-Filipino Hawai i 63 Gd gdef=1(1.6) I qdef=.016
(males)
1027 Filipinos(males) Hawa i i 70 Gd gdef=7(10.0)
1027 Filipinos(females) Hawa i i 49 Gd gdef=1(2.0)
1028 Filipinos Hawa il 190 Hb A=190
1028 Koreans Hawa 11 51 Hb A=51
1027 Japanese Hawai 1 173 Gd gdef=O
1028 Japanese Hawa 11 889 Hb A=889
1027 Caucasians Hawa 1 i 105 Gd gdef=O
1028 Caucasians Hawa 11 23 Hb A=23
1027 Portuguese Hawaii 34 Gd gdef=O
1028 Portuguese Hawa 1 i 222 Hb A=222
1028 Spaniards Hawa 11 19 Hb A=19
1028 Italians Hawa f f 5 Hb A=5
1028 Russians Hawa 1 i 3 Hb A=3
·1028 Oriental-Caucasians Hawaii 227 Hb A=227
I
qdef= .010
1028 Hawailan-Caucaslan- Hawaii 868 Hb AS=4(0.5). AE=2(0. 2). AJ= 1(0.1)
I qS=.002
Orientals qE=.OO1
1028 Guamanians Hawa i i 21 Hb I A=2
I
qJ=.OO05
1028 Samoans Hawai 1 11 Hb A=11
1027 Hawaiians Hawa i i 27 Gd gdef=O
1028 Hawaiians Hawa 11 157 Hb A=157
1027 Part -Hawa 1 i ans Hawa i 1 761 Gd I gdef=O

REF.
NO. POPULATION
POLYNESIA
1028 Puerto Ricans
PLACE
Hawa i i
NUMBER
TESTED SYSTEM
1381:-1 S=l, AS=3(2.9),
RESULTS ----- ----
AC=HO.7)
GENE
FREQUENCIES
qS=.018
qC=.004
1028 Mexicans Hawa i; 131 Hb I A=13 qA= 1.00
1028 Blacks Hawa i; 28 Hb A5=1(3.6) qS=.018
1027 Others Hawa; i 63 Gd gdef=O
680 Polynesians Easter Island 233 Hb A=233
680 Polynes;ans(males) Easter Island 137 Gd gdef=O
868 Easter Islanders 183 Gd gdef=O
1900 Easter Islanders 33 Hb sickle=O
18
I
qA= 1.00
525 New Zealanders Paris 22 HbTh F=1(4.5), A=22 qbTh=.023
1474 Maor;(males) New Zealand 540 Gd gdef =1(0.2) qdef=.OO2
1474 Maor;(females) New Zealand 264 Gd gdef=O
1944 Maori (Tuhoe) New Zealand 163 Hb A=163 qA= 1.00
1180 Maori North Island, New Zealand 92 Hb A=92 qA= 1.00
2079 Maor; New Zealand 85 Hb A=85 qA= 1.00
320 Samoans New Zealand 101 Hb A=101 qA= 1.00
320 Samoans(males) 57 Gd GdB=56(98.2), GdB- =1( 1 . 8 ) qGdB-=.018
320 Samoans(females) 44 Gd GdB=42(95.4), GdB(;nt)=2(4.6)
1474 Samoans(males) 86 Gd gdef=O
1474 Samoans(females) 113 Gd gdef=O
1474 Tongans(males) 7 Gd gdef=O
1474 Tongans(females) 4 Gd gdef=O
1945 Tongans Tonga Islands 200 Hb A=200 I qA= 1.00
1474 N;ue Islanders(males) 34 Gd gdef=O
1474 Niue Islanders 19 Gd gdef=O
(femal e s )
1474 Cook Islanders(males) 110I Gd I gdef=O

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
I I I
POLYNESIA
1474 Cook Islanders 481 Gd I gdef=O
(fema 1es)
622 North Cook Islanders 127 Hb A=127 qA= 1. 00
622 South Cook Islanders 87 Hb A=87 qA= 1.00
621 South Cook Islanders Atlu Island 100 HbTh A2=0. A=100 qA=1.00
621 South Cook Islanders Rarotonga 323 HbTh A2=O, A=323 qA= 1.00
1474 Tokelau Islanders 10 Gd gdef=O
(males)
1474
1900
Tokelau Islanders
(fema 1es)
Tubuai Islanders
101 Gd I gdef=O
11I Hb Isickle=O 1900 Mangareva Islanders 22 Hb sickle=O
1900 Rapaiti Islanders 171 Hb I' sick le=O
1900 Raivavae Islanders 6 Hb sickle=O
1900 Nukuhiva Islanders 23 Hb sickle=O
1900 Hivaoa Islander 1 Hb sickle-=O
327 Tahitians 250 Hb sickle=O
525 Tahitians Paris 9 HbTh A2=1/F=1{22.2), A=9 I qbTh=.lll
MICRONESIA
2197 Kusaieans Kusaie Island 248 HbGd GdB=248. A=248 qA= 1.00
2197 Pingelapese Pingelap Island 379 HbGd GdB=379, A=379 qA=1.00
2197 Mokilese Mok i 1 Island 194 HbGd GdB=194, A=194 qA= 1.00
2197 Ponapeans Ponape 184 HbGd GdB=184. A=184 qA= 1.00
620 Ellice Islanders 108 Hb A=108 qA= 1.00
619 Gilbert Islanders 236 Hb A=236 qA= 1.00
516 Marshall Islanders Rongelap 308 HbGd gdef=O, A=308 qA= 1.00
1619 Marshall Islanders 40 Gd GdB=40
19

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
I
MELANESIA .J_
285 Melanesians Vanikoro, Santa Cruz Is. 94 Hb AJ=14(14.9) qJ=.074
285 Melanesians(males) Vanikoro, Santa Cruz Is. 52 Gd GdB-=7(13.5) qGdB-=.135
285 Melanesians(females) Vanikoro, Santa Cruz Is. 44 Gd GdBB-=5(11.4)
285 Melanesians Reef Is .• Santa Cruz Is. 111 Hb AJ=6(5.4) qJ=.027
285 Melanesians(males) Reef Is., Santa Cruz Is. 97 Gd GdB-=2(2. i), GdB=95 qGdB-=.02i
285 Melanesians(females) Reef Is., Santa Cruz Is. 12 Gd GdB=i2
285 Melanesians Mera Lava. Banks Islands 266 Hb AJ=3(1.j) qJ=.006
285 Melanesians Merig, Banks Islands 44 Hb AJ=2(4.5) qJ=.023
285 Melanesians Gaua, Banks Islands 166 Hb AJ=1(0.6) qJ=.003
285 Melanesians Vanua Lava. Banks Is. 147 Hb AJ=7(4.8) qJ=.024
285 Melanesians Mota. Banks Is. 55 Hb AJ= 1( 1 .8) qJ=.009
285 Melanesians Mota Lava. Banks Is. 3i5 Hb AJ=1(3.2) qJ=.002
285 Melanesians Ureparapara, Banks Is. 139 Hb AJ=2( i.4). AE=1(0.7) qJ=.007
285 Melanesians Toga. Torres Islands 90 Hb AJ=O
285 Melanesians Loh. Torres Is. 67
1
21
Hb I AJ=O
285 Melanesians Hiu, Torres Is. 6i Hb AJ=O
525 New Caledonians Paris i091 HbTh 1 A=i09, A2=0, F=O
6i8 Solomon Islanders New Georgia, Simbo, i01 HbTh A2=0, A=101 I qA= 1.00
Ganongga. and Kolomgangara
Islands
618 Solomon Islanders Choiseul Island 24 HbTh A2=O, A=24 qA= i .00
618 Solomon Islanders Vella Lavella Island 30 HbTh A2=0. A=30 qA= 1.00
618 Solomon Islanders Shortland, Treasury 33 HbTh A2=0. A=33 qA=i.OO
and Faure Islands
2141 Solomon Islanders 39
Hb I AS=O
1340 Petals and Tinpuls Buka Islands and northern
Bougainville Island. North
Solomons Province. Papua
New Guinea
901 Hb AJ=1(1.i) I qJ=.0056

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
MELANESIA
285 Polynesians Tikopia Outlier 241
285 Polynesians(males) Tikopia Outlier 291 Gd I GdB=29
285 Polynesians(females) Tikopia Outlier 71 Gd 1 GdB=7
285 Polynesians Anuta Outlier 138
285 Polynesians Rennell Outlier 205 1 Hb AJ=O
22
Hb I AJ"'(0.4) Coo,
Hb I AJ=O
285 Polynesians(males) Rennell Outl ier 1021 Gd I GdB=i02
285 Polynesians(females) Rennell Outlier 101 Gd GdB= 101
285 Polynesians Bellona Outlier 70 Hb AJ=O
285 Polynesians(males) Bellona Outlier 26 Gd GdB- =1( 3.8) . GdB=25 I qGdB-=.038
285 Polynesians(females) Bellona Outlier 43 Gd GdB=43
3 Ki lenge New Britain 67 Hb AJTongariki=14(20.9). J=2(3.0) I qJ=.134
1977 West Nakanai New Britain 156 Hb sickle=O
1977 Bakovi New Britain 45 Hb sickle=O
1977 Kambi New Britain 38 Hb sickle=O
1977 Bulu New Britain 17 Hb sickle=O
1977 Melanesians New Britain 21 Hb sickle=O
566 Tolai Gazelle Peninsula 154 Th A2=6(3.9) I qbTh=.019
New Britain
841 Tola1(males) Gazelle Peninsula 122 Gd gdef =1( 0 . 8 ) I qdef=.008
New Britain
566 Sulka Gazelle Peninsula 72 HbTh A2=4(5.6). JlLepore=1(1.4) qbTh=.028
New Britain qLepore=.007
841 SUlka(males) Gazelle Peninsula 1021 Gd I gdef=15(14.7) qdef=.147
566 Baining Gazelle Peninsula 52 Th A2=3(5.8) I qbTh=.029
New Britain
841 Baining(males) Gazelle Peninsula 108 Gd gdef=13(12.0) I qdef=.120
New Britain
566 Taul i I Gazelle Peninsula 39 Th A2=3(7.7) I qbTh=.038
New Britain

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
MELANESIA
841 Tau1i1(ma1es) Gazelle Peninsula 25 Gd gdef= 1(4 .0) I qdef=.040
New Britain
841 Ki1enge(ma1es) New Britain 133 Gd gdef=10(7.5) qdef=.075
841 Mansing(ma1es) New Britain 27 Gd gdef=5(18.5) qdef=.185
841 Arawe(ma1es) New Britain 13 Gd gdef=3(23.1) qdef=.231
1277 Usiaians Usiai Island 451 Hb 1 A=45 qA= 1.00
1277 Usiaians(ma1es) Usiai Island 20 Gd GdB-=3(15.0), GdB=17 qGdB-=.150
1277 Usiaians(fema1es) Usiai Island 25 Gd GdB-=1(4.0), GdB=24
1277 Manus Islanders Peri, Manus Island 134 Hb A=134 qA= 1.00
1277 Manus Islanders Peri, Manus Island 79 Gd GdB-=4(5.1), GdB=75 qGdB-=.051
(males)
1277 Manus Islanders Peri, Manus Island 55 Gd GdB=55
(females)
NEW GUINEA
180 Melanesians Kau1 village 648 Hb AJ=53(8.2), J=1(O.1) I qJ=.042
Kar Kar Island
549 Melanesians Kau1 vi 11age, Karkar, Is. Th A2=(16.0)
180 Melanesians Villages other than Kau1, 261 Hb AJ=14(5.4) I qJ=.027
Karkar Island
550 New Guineans(ma1es) Kau 1 Vi 1 1age, Karkar 311 ThGd I gdef=O, A2=4 I qbTh=.064
Island
550 New Guineans(fema1es) Kau1 Village, Karkar 47 ThGd gdef=O, A2=5 qbTh=.053
Island
179 New Guineans Kau1 Village, Karkar 648 Hb AJ=47, JJ=1 qJ=.038
Island
341 Waskia Kau1 Villages I-IV 652 Hb AJ=66( 10.1) I qJ=.051
Karkar Island
325 Waskia Kau1 villages, Karkar Is. 334 OV Ov=46(7.3)
179 New GUineans Dangsai, Karkar Island 47 Hb AJ=O
179 New Guineans Katom. Karkar Island 53 Hb 1 AJ=O
23

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
I I I
NEW GUINEA
179 New Guineans Did, Karkar Island 171 Hb I AJ=O
179 New Guineans Kilden, Karkar Island 25 Hb AJ=H4.0) I qJ=.020
179 New Guineans Kevasop, Karkar Island 30 Hb A..J=O
325 Karkar Islanders Mangar, Karkar Is. 197 Ov Ov(I(T)W)=26(13.2)
(cord blood)
341 Waskia Urara, Karkar Island 36 Hb AJ=4 ( 11 . 1 ) qJ=.056
341 Waskia Langlang, Karkar Is. 34 Hb AJ=2(5.9) qJ=.029
341 Waskla Dorogadom, Karkar Is. 52 Hb AJ=4(7.7) qJ=.038
341 Waskia Mom, Karkar Island 28 Hb AJ=O
341 Waskia Kurumlang, Karkar Is. 79 Hb AJ=9(11.4) qJ=.057
341 Waskia Gnor, Karkar Island 62 Hb AJ=2(3.2) qJ=.016
341 Takia Bafor, Kilden, Kuduk 96 Hb AJ=8(8.3) qJ=.042
Karkar Island
341 Takia Mangar I and II, Karkar 80 Hb AJ=5(6.2) I qJ=.031
Island
179 New Guineans Gamog, Karkar Island 141 Hb AJ=O
179 New Guineans Boroman, Karkar Island 39 Hb AJ=3(7.7) IqJ=.038
341 Takia Boroman and Gamog, Karkar 402 Hb A..J=1(0.2) qJ=.001
Island
341 Takia Wadau and Jagadum, Karkar 166 Hb A=166 I qA= 1.00
Island
325 Takia and Waskla Karkar Island 509 Ov Dv(I(T)W)=87(17.1)
326 Waskia(males) Karkar Island 384 Gd GdB=323(84.1), GdB(Weak)=22(5.7) I qGd8-=.099
GdB- =38 (9.9) , GdA=HO. 3) qGdA=.003
326 Waskla(females) Karkar Island 4711 Gd \ GdB=418(88.7), GdB(Weak)=37(7.9)
GdB-=15(3.2). GdBA=O, GdA= i ro .2)
326 Waskia(both sexes) Karkar Island I Gd I I qGdB=.8675
qGdA=.0015
qGdB - = . 13 10
326 Takia(males) Karkar Island 67\ Gd I GdB=52(77.6), GdB(Weak)=6(9.0) I qGdB-=.134
GdB-=9(13.4)
24

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
1 1 1
NEW GUINEA
326 Takia(females) Karkar Island 72 Gd GdB=64(88.9), GdB(Weak)=6(8.3)
GdB-=2(2.8)
326 Takia(both sexes) Karkar Island Gd I qGdB=.8536
qGdB-=.1464
179 New Guineans Karkar Island and Madang 82 Th Barts=11( 13.4) I qaTh=.067
1092 Papuans Wewak 69 Gd gdef=2(2.9)
937 Vanimo West Sepik Province 39 Ov Ov=4(1O.3)
Coastal New Guinea
937 Ki lmeri West Sepik Province 32 ov Ov=2(6.3)
Lowland New Guinea
937 Pagei West Sepik Province 37 Ov OV=3(8.1)
Lowland New Guinea
937 Waris, Sanidi Inland Sepik Valley 68 Ov Ov=11(16.2)
937 Waris, Other Inland Sepik Valley 163 Ov Ov=4(2.5)
937 Waina Inland Sepik Valley 17 Ov Ov=1(5.9)
937 Amanab Inland Sepik Valley 360 Ov OV=5(1.4)
566 Sause Numboruan, Sepik River 41 Th A2=3(7.3) I qbTt,= .037
Valley
841 Sause(males) Numboruan, Sepik River 24 Gd gdef=1(4.2) I qdef=.042
Valley
566 Sause Marambanja, Sepik River 40 Th A2=3(7.5) I qbTI1=.038
Valley
841 Sause(males) Marambanja, Sepik River 31 Gd gdef=O
Valley
566 Sause Kiaruvu, Sepik River 52 Th A2=6(11.5) I qbTh=.058
Valley
841 Sause(males) Kiaruvu, Sepik River 40 Gd gdef=1(2.5) I qdef=.025
Valley
566 Sause Kwaian, Sepik River 46 Th A2=2(4.3) I qbTh=.022
Valley
841 Sause(males) Kwaian, Sepik River 441 Gd I gdef=O
Valley
25

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTEO SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
NEW GUINEA
566 Sause Kuvari, Sepik River 12 Th A2=3(25.0) I qbTh=.012
Valley
841 Sause(males) Kuvari, Sepik River 121 Gd I gdef=O
Valley
566 Sause Ambukwon, Sepik River 131 Th I A2=O
Valley
841 Sause(males) Ambukwon, Sepik River 14 1 Gd I gdef=O
Valley
566 Sause Humburu, Sepik River 22/ Th / A2=O
Valley
841 Sause(males) Humburu, Sepik River 22 Gd gdef=O
Valley
566 Sause Winjuan, Sepik River 24 Th A2=2(8.3) I qbTh=.042
Valley
841 Sause(males) Winjuan, Sepik River 24 Gd gdef=O
Valley
566 Sause Bukinera, Sepik River 32 Th A2=2(6.3) I qbTh=.031
Valley
841 Sause(males) Bukinera, Sepik River 32 1 Gd I gdef=1(3.1) I qdef=.031
Va 11ey
566 Sause Buruan, Sepik River 5/ Th I A2=O
Valley
841 Sause(males) Buruan, Sepik River 5 Gd gdef=O
Valley
566 Sause Alisu, Sepik River 42 Th A2=4(9.5)
841 Sause(males) Alisu. Sepik River Valley 41 Gd gdef=O
26
I qbTh=.048
566 Sause Kumun, Sepik River Valley 34 Th A2=2(5.9) I qbTh=.029
841 Sause(males) Kumun, Sepik River Valley 35 Gd gdef=O
566 Sause Sepik River Valley 354 Hb ALepore=1 I qLepore=.OO1
566 Abelam Kuminibus I, Sepik River 62 Th A2=1(1.6) qbTh=.OO8
Vall ey
841 Abelam(males) Kuminibus I, Sepik River 31( Gd I gdef=1(3.2) I qdef=.032
Valley

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
I I I
NEW GUINEA
566 Abelam Nel igum. Sepik River 511 Th I A2=H2.0) I qbTh= .010
Valley
841 Abelam(males) Nel igum. Sepik 18 Gd gdef=3(16.7) qdef=.167
566 Abelam Sepik River Valley 113 Hb A=113 qA= 1.00
1.523 Papuan speakers Torricelli Mts. 2 Th Barts=2(100.0) qaTh=.500
322 New Guineans East Sepik Dist. 30 Ov Ov(I(T)W)=4(13.3)
1523 Papuan speakers Sepik-Ramu Valleys 49 Th Barts=44(89.8) qaTh=.449
179 New Guineans Aronis and Megiar 76 Hb AJ=2 qJ=.013
179 New Guineans Gogol 78 Hb AJ=O
180 Melanesians Madang Coast 81 Hb AJ=2(2.5) I qJ=.012
322 New Guineans Madang District 20 Ov Ov(I(T)W)=4(20.0)
1523 Austronesian speakers Madang 37 Th Barts=24(64.5) qaTh=.324
1523 Papuan speakers Madang 60 Th Barts=57(95.0) qaTh=.475
489 New Guineans(males) Madang, Markham River 230 Gd gdef=7(0.3) qdef=.003
Valley
1523 Papuan speakers Finisterre-Huon area 10 Th Barts=5(50.0) qaTh=.250
566 BUkawa Markham River Valley 64 Th A2=5(7.8), A=64 qbTh=.039
841 BUkawa(males) Markham River Valley 31 Gd gdef=9(29.0) qdef=.290
566 Wampur Markham River Valley 64 HbTh A2=H1.6). A=64 qbTh=.008
841 Wampur(males) Markham River Valley 29 Gd gdef=6(20.7) qdef=.207
566 Mumeng Markham River Valley 118 HbTh A2=Ho.8), A'= 118 qbTh=.004
841 Mumeng(males) Markham River Valley 90 Gd gdef=3(3.3) qdef=.033
816 Melanesians(males) Labubutu. Markham River 33 Gd gdef=6(18.2) qdef=.182
Valley
816 Melanesians Labubutu. Markham River 72 Th A2=12(16.6) I qbTh=.083
Valley
816 Papuans Tumbuna. Markham River 105 Gd gdef=2(1.9) I qdef=.019
Valley
27

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
I I I
NEW GUINEA
816 Papuans Tumbuna, Markham R1ver 1801 Th I A2=5(2.8) I qbTh=.0139
Valley
816 Papuans(males) Mamamban, Markham River 47 Gd gdef=4(8.5) I qdef=.085
Valley
816 Papuans Mamamban, Markham·River 100 Th A2=9(9.0)
I qbTh=.045
816 Melanesians(males) Wankum, Markham River 96 Gd gdef =1 1( 1 1 . 4 ) qdef=.114
Valley
816 Melanesians Wankum, Markham River 1501 Th I A2=0
Valley
816 Melanesians(males) Kaiapit, Markham River 17 Gd I gdef=2(11.8) I qdef=.118
Valley
816 Melanesians Kaiapit, Markham River 30 Th I A2=0
Valley
816 Melanesians(males) SUkurum-Dumlinan. 17 Gd gdef=2(11.8) I qdef=.118
Markham Valley
816 Melanesians Sukurum-Dumlinan, 35 Th A2=8(22.9) I qbTh=.114
Markham Valley
816 Melanesians(males) Gnarowein. Markham River 67 Gd gdef =1( 1 . 5 ) I qdef=.015
Valley
816 Melanesians Gnarowein, Markham River 105 Th I A2=0
Valley
816 Papuan5(males) Binumarlen. Markham Valley 41 Gd I gdef=1(2.0) I qdef=.020
816 Papuans Binumarien, Markham Valley 60 Th A2=0
816 Melanesians(males) T5ile-Tsile, Markham 53 Gd gdef = 1( 1 .9) I qdef=.019
Valley
816 Melanesians Tsile-Tsile, Markham 78 Th A2=1O( 12.8) I qbTh=.064
River Valley
2206 Butibam Markham Valley 118 Gd [Gd-Mediterlike=43, Gd-Markham=7,
Gd-Union=1](43.2)
2206 Yanga Markham Valley 61 Gd [Gd-Mediterlike=8, Gd-Corinth=2](16.4)
2206 Wagan Markham Valley 86 Gd [Gd-Mediterlike=6. Gd-Markham=3](9.4)
2206 Kam Kumung Markham Valley 67 Gd [Gd-Mediterlike=16](23.9)
28

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
NEW GUINEA
2206 Yalu Markham Valley 43 Gd [Gd-Mediterl ike=1. Gd-Munum=3](9.3)
2206 Manum Markham Valley 41 Gd [Gd-Mediterlike=1. Gd-Munum=9](24.4)
322 New Guineans Markham Valley 186 Ov Ov(I(T)W)=33(17.7)
322 New Guineans Watut Valley 134 ov Ov(I(T)W)=23(17.2)
323 Kunimaipa Kasengari 16 OV Ov(I(T)W)=2(12.5)
323 Kapau Upper Watut 182 Ov OV(I(T)W)=31(17.0)
324 Weri(blood donors) Middle Waria 90 Gd gdef=i( t v t ) I qdef= .Oii
324 Guhu Samane(blood Middle Waria 46 Gd gdef=O
donors)
323 Kunimaipa Ono. Waria 45 Ov Ov(I(T)W)=1(2.2)
322 New Guineans Waria Valley 104 Ov Ov(I(T)W)=9(8.7)
,
322 New Guineans Ono Valley 38 Ov Ov(I (T)W)=O
323 Guhu-Samane Mid Waria 76 Ov Ov(I(T)W)=6(7.9)
179 New Guineans Waria Valley 137 Hb AJ=O
323 Binandere Orokaiva 13 Ov Ov(I(T)W)=3(23. n
322 Papuans Northern District 64 Ov Ov(I (T) W)=li( 17. 2 )
322 Papuans(adults) Coastal District 444 Ov Ov(I(T)W)=63(14.2)
322 Papuans(cord blood) Coastal District 51 ov Ov(I(T)W)=8(15.7)
322 New Guineans New Guinea Islands 63 Ov Ov(I(T)W)=3(4.8)
2141 Chimbu Eastern Highlands 280 Hb sickle=O
566 Gadsup Eastern Highlands 22 HbTh A2=0. A=22 I qA= 1.00
84i Gadsup(males) Eastern Highlands 391 Gd I gdef=O
566 Kukukuku Eastern Highlands 24 HbTh A2=0. A=24 I qA= 1.00
841 Kukukuku(males) Eastern Highlands 116 Gd gdef=O
288 Anga(Kukukuku) Kamea(Kapau) 87 Hb A=87
841 Awa(males) Eastern Highlands 16 Gd gdef=O
29

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
NEW GUINEA
566 Tairora Eastern High'ands 131 HbTh A2=0. A=131 IqA= 1.00
1421 Tairora Eastern Highlands 51 Gd gdef=O
841 Tairora(males) Eastern Highlands 88 Gd gdef = 1( 1 . 1 ) I qdef= .011
1421 Auyana Eastern Highlands 48 Gd gdef=O
841 Auyana(males) Eastern Highlands 40 Gd gdef=2(5.0) qdef=.050
566 Usurufa Eastern Highlands 53 HbTh A2=0. A=53 qA= 1.00
565 Usurufa Eastern Highlands 1 Hb A=l qA= 1.00
565 Yate Eastern Highlands 3 Hb A=3 qA= 1.00
841 Yate(males) Eastern Highlands 5 Gd gdef=O
565 Fore Eastern Highlands 75 Hb A=75 qA=1.00
1421 Fore Eastern Highlands 110 Gd gdef=O
841 Fore(males) Eastern Highlands 39 Gd gdef=O
566 Kamano Eastern Highlands 4 HbTh A2=0. A=4 qA= 1.00
1421 Kamano Eastern Highlands 138 Gd gdef = 1(0 . 7 ) qdef=.007
565 Keiagana Eastern Highlands 12 Hb A=12 qA=1.00
1421 Keiagana Eastern Highlands 102 Gd gdef=O
565 Yagaria Eastern Highlands 1 Hb A=1 I qA= 1.00
1421 Yagaria(males) Eastern Highlands 233 Gd gdef=O
1421 Yagaria(females) Eastern Highlands 190 Gd gdef=O
565 Gimi Eastern Highlands 11 Hb A=11 qA= 1.00
566 Gimi Eastern Highlands 4 HbTh A2=0. A=4 qA= 1.00
179 New Guineans Lufa. Near Goroka 424 Hb AJ=O
179 New Guineans Arona 30 Hb AJ=O
179 New Guineans Okapa 224 Hb AJ=O
179 New Guineans Kauna. Agomonofi 50 Hb AJ=O
Hompazentu
30

REF.
NO. POPULATION
NEW GUINEA
PLACE
179 New Guineans Asaro 38 Hb Au=O
31
NUMBER
TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS
GENE
FREQUENCIES
1341 Foindawe Upper Asaro River Valley 561 HbGd gdef=O. A=56 qA= 1. 00
179 New Guineans
179 New Guineans
179 New Guineans
179 New Guineans
1420 New Guineans
1421 Gahuku-Asare-Bena
Bena
1421 Agarabe
1523 Papuan speakers
566 Enga
180 Papuans
322 New Guineans
319 Highland populations
uimi Valley
Bena Bena
Kainantu
Henganofi
Kol, Meginpol. Korum and
Koinambe, uimi Valley
Eastern Highlands
Eastern Highlands
Eastern Highlands
Western Highlands
Central Highlands
Eastern, Central, and
Western Highlands
562 Papuans Mt. Hagen, Laiagam, and
Minj Districts
180 Melanesians and
Papuans
379 Maring(males)
379 Maring(males)
379 Maring(males)
379 Maring(males)
379 Maring(males)
379 Maring(males)
1523 Bundi
Gunt's, Simbai Valley
Tsengamp. Simbai Valley
Nimbra. Simbai Valley
Gai, Simbai Valley
Tuguma, Simbai Valley
Tsembaga, Simbai Valley
400
33
52
90
343
180
49
20
Hb
Hb
Hb
Hb
Gd
Gd
Gd
Th
951 HbTh
10001 Hb
285
419
Ov
Ov
Au=O
Au=O
Au=O
Au=O
gdef = 1(0.3)
gdef=O
gdef=O
Barts=O
A2=2(2.1), A=95
A=1000
Ov(I(T)W)=O
ov(I (T)W)=O
qdef=.003
qbTh=.Oll
qA= 1.00
3001 HTGd gdef=O. A2=O, A=300 qA= 1.00
2000
26
47
53
39
19
39
5
Th
Gd
Gd
Gd
Gd
Gd
Gd
Th
AH=O, A2=27(1.4). Barts=O
gdef=2(7.7)
gdef = 1(2. 1)
gdef = 1( 1.9)
gdef=6(15.4)
gdef=O
gdef=3(7.7)
Barts=2(40.0)
qdef=.077
qdef=.021
qdef=.019
qdef=.154
qdef=.077
qaTh=.200

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTEO SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
I I I
NEW GUINEA
2191 Gainj Tagui River Valley 310 Hb A=310 qA= 1.00
1560 Papuans(males) Milne Bay District 33 Gd gdef=3(9.1) qdef=.091
1021 Daga Milne Bay Province 139 HbOv A=139. Ov=5(3.6)
1021 Daga(males) Milne Bay Province 67 Gd GdB-=3(4.5). GdB=64 qGdB-=.045
1560 Papuans(males) Rigo District 95 Gd gdef=9(9.5) qdef=.095
179 New Guineans Bib'be'ori 68 Hb AJ=O
2141 New Guineans Port Moresby 161 Hb sickle=O
1092 New Guineans Port Moresby 39 Gd gdef=1(2.6)
566 New Guineans Port Moresby ? Hb AE=l
84 New Guineans Port Moresby 1020 Ov Ov=114(11.2)
(patients)
2193 New Guineans Port Moresby 50 Gd gdef =11( 22 .0)
(patients)
323 Roro Central District 14 Ov Ov(I(T)W)=3(21.4)
323 Kuni and Tauade Central District 92 Ov Ov(I(T)W)=O
2194 Fuyuge Goilala, NW Port Moresby 173 Th A2=O, F=O
2194 Fuyuge(males) Goilala, NW Port Moresby 83 Gd GdB=82(98.8), GdB- =1( 1 . 2 )
2194 Fuyuge(females) Goilala, NW Port Moresby 50 Gd GdB=49(98. 0) , GdB(int)=1(2.0)
323 Kunimaipa Goilala, Bubu 42 Ov Ov(I(T)W)=O
322 Papuans Goilala, Central Dist. 134 Ov ov(I (T)W) =0
84 New Guineans Hisiu, Central District 107 Ov Ov=18(16.8)
84 New Guineans Pari, Central District 4731 Ov I Ov=106(22.4)
85 New Guineans Kikori, Malalaua, Kerema 583 Ov OV=75(12.9)
Gulf Province
319 Coastal Papuans 532 Ov Ov(I(T)W)=82(15.4)
(adults)
319 Coastal Papuans Gulf Province 51 OV Ov(I(T)W)=8(15.7)
(infants)
32
I qGdB-=.012

REF.
NO. POPULATION PLACE
NEW GUINEA
319 Coastal New Guineans
491 New Guineans(males)
535 Wapei-speakers
2209 New Guineans(males)
317 New Guineans
(cord bloods)
318 Kerema and Kairuku
322 Papuans
1560 Papuans(males)
Papua
Vi 1 t , Papua
Papua. New Guinea
Papuan Gulf Area
Papuan Gulf
Kerema, Gulf District
Kerema District
33
NUMBER
TESTED SVSTEM RESULTS
329
Ov
3621 Gd
901 Th
6211 Gd
501 Th
501 ThOv
Ov(I(T)W)=51(15.5)
gdef=26(7.2)
A2=23(25.5)
gdef=33(5.3)
1560 Papuans(males) Orokolo, Kerema District 42 Gd gdef=O
319 Western District
and Lake Kutubu
321 New Guineans Lake Kutubu,
Western Highlands
322 New Guineans
322 New Guineans
322 Papuans
562 Gogodara speakers
937 Kauwol
Soutfiern Highlands
Southern unclassified
Kiunga, Western Dist.
Fly River
Victor Immanuel Range
Fly River Province
937 Faiwol Victor Immanuel Range
Fly River Province
937 North Ninggerum Foothills, Fly River
Province
937 South Ninggerum Foothills, Fly River
Province
937 Yonggom Foothills, Fly River
Province
937 Awin
937 South Boazi
North Fly Valley
Middle Fly Valley
37
97
Ov
Gd
Barts=18(36.0)
A2=(6.0), OV=(16.0)
Ov(I(T)W)=10(27.0)
gdef=lO( 10.3)
178 Ov Ov(I(T)W)=178(20.2)
110 Ov OV=29(26.4)
21
21
65
Ov
Ov
Ov
2101 HTGd
98 Ov
Ov= 1(4.8)
Ov(I(T)W)=1(4.8)
Ov(I(T)W)=9(13.8)
gdef=15(7.0), A2=O, A=210
OV=6(6.1)
262 Ov OV=11(4.2)
86 Ov OV=1(1.2)
110 Ov OV=7(6.4)
103 Ov OV=18(17.5)
132
197
Ov
Ov
OV=21( 15.9)
OV=25( 12.7)
GENE
FREQUENCIES
qdef=.072
qbTh=. i28
qdef=.053
qaTh=.180
qbTh=.030
qdef=.103
qdef=.07

REF.
NO. POPULATION
NEW GUINEA
1629 Papuans(males)
1629 Papuans(males)
1629 Papuans(males)
1629 New Guineans(males)
1629 Dani Papuans(males)
1629 Kapauka Papuans
(males)
AUSTRALIA
567 Aborigines
567 Aborigines
940 Aborigines
941 Aborigines
941 Aborigines
941 Aborigines
386 Aborigines
388 Aborigines
388 Aborigines
388 Aborigines
38B Aborigines
388 Abor1gines
388 Aborigines
388 Aborigines
386 Aborigines
388 Aborigines
PLACE
Sarmi, Sarmi District.
West Irian
Bageisewar, Sarmi
District, West Irian
Airmati, Sarmi District,
West Irian
Biak
Bokondini, West Irian
Enarotali, West Irian
Mornington and Forsyth
Islands
Bentinck Island
Queensland
Mona-mona. Queensland
Daintree. Queensland
Yarrabah. Queensland
Northern Australia
Edward River, Cape York
Mitchell River, Cape York
Lockhart River, Cape York
Aurukun. Cape York
Weipa. Cape York
Wrotham Park, Cape York
Alice Springs, Central
Australia
Central Australia
Port Hedland
Western Australia
35
NUMBER
TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS
77
79"
80
114
234
222
Gd
Gd
Gd
Gd
Gd
Gd
gdef=5(6.5)
gdef=1(1.3)
gdef=3(3.8)
gdef=5(4.4)
gdef=5(2.1)
gdef=O
t301 HTGd 1 gdef=O. A2=0. A=130
471 HTGdl gdef=O. A2=O, A=47
72
55
55
56
123
88
146
27
76
41
23
140
100
99
Hb
Hb
Hb
Hb
Hb
Gd
Gd
Gd
Gd
Gd
Gd
Gd
Hb
Gd
sickle=O
A=55
A=55
A=56
A=123
gdef=O
gdef=O
gdef=O
gdef=O
gdef=O
gdef=O
gdefO
A=100
gdef=O
GENE
FREQUENCIES
qdef=.065
qdef=.013
qdef=.038
qdef=.044
qdef=.021
qA=1.00
qA= 1.00
qA=1.00
qA= 1.00
qA=1.00
qA= 1.00
qdef=O
qA= 1.00

)
REF.
NO. POPULATION
AUSTRALIA
PLACE
728 Australians Kensington, New So. Wales
203 Greeks Sydney and Canberra
286 Christian Lebanese Sydney
886 Australians(newborn) Sydney
(Arab immigrants)
2035 Australians(newborn) Sydney
547 Greeks(births) New South Wales
547 Ital ians(births) New South Wales
547 Cypriots(births) New South Wales
887 Indochinese(Laotian-, New South Wales
Cambodian-, and
Vietnamese-speaking)
386 Caucasians
525 Australians
PHILIPPINES
172 Filipinos(males)
172 Filipinos(males)
466 Filipino(infants)
14i4 Filipinos
1414 Filipinos(males)
695 Filipinos(females)
275 Filipinos(males)
275 Filipinos(females)
1414 Filipinos(males)
37
NUMBER
TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS
25001 Hb
7011 HbTh
1431 HbGd
4871 Hb
2911 Th
326921 Th
344101 Th
21151 Th
5511 HTGd
1001 Hb
AI=I, ABroussais=l
AS=2(0.3), ALepore=I, bTh=50(7.1)
bdTh=5(0.7)
gdef=O, A= 143
AS=18(3.7)
aa/-a= 15(5.2), -a/-a= 1(0. 3)
bTh(hom)=35(0.1)
bTh(hom)=10(0.03)
bTh(hom)=8(0.4)
gdef=16(2.9), bTh=8(1.4), AE=14(2.5)
E=Ho.2)
A=100
GENE
FREQUENCIES
qI=.0002
qBrou=.0002
qbTh=.039
qA=I.00
qS=.018
qa2Th=.029
qbTh=.033
qbTh= .017
qbTh=.062
qbTh=.007
qE=.014
qA= 1.00
Paris 1411 HbTh A=141, A2=1(0.7), F=HO.7) qbTh=.007
Mani la
Manila
Mani la
Manila
Manila
Luzon
Luzon
Luzon
Northern Luzon (Ilocos
Norte, Ilocos Sur, La
Union, Pangasinan,
Mountain, Cagayan,
Isabela, Neuva Ecija,
Neuva Vizcaya, Zambales,
Pampanga, Bataan, Tarlac,
833
73
157
403
100
43
89
174
169
Gd
Gd
Gd
Th
Gd
Gd
Gd
Gd
Gd
gdef=56(6.7)
GdB=73
gdef=4(2.5)
A2=I/F=0/A2F=4(1.2), OsmRes=20(5.0)
gdef=5(5.0)
gdef=8(18.6)
gdef=4(4.5)
gdef(int)=1(0.6)
gdef=19(11.2)
qdef=.067
qbTh=.006
qdef=.050
qdef=.045
qdef=.112

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUE;.NCIES
I
PHILIPPINES
1170 Filipinos Mindanao 119 Gd gdef=3(2.5)
1414 Filipinos(males) Mindanao and Sulu 16 Gd gdef=O
(Misamis, Sulu, Zamboanga,
Lanao, Bukidnon, Surigao,
Davao)
1170 Filipinos(lepers) 36 Gd gdef=4(11.1)
275 Filipinos(males) 10 Gd gdef=O
275 Fil ipinos(females) 26 Gd gdef=O
695 Filipinos(females) 1 Gd gdef=O
275 Filipinos 3647 Th AH=O
1410 Fil ipino Sailors Seattle Washington 73 Hb A=73 qA= 1.00
1028 F i I ipi nos Hawai i 190 Hb A=190 qA= 1.00
1414 Filipinos Alaska 112 Hb A=112 qA= 1.00
2141 Filipinos 52 Hb sickle=O
INDONESIA
282 Makassarese Sulawesi 1954 Hb AG= HO. 1) qG=.0002
1207 Buginese Sulawesi(Celebes) 448 Hb AE=7(1.6), AO=5(1.1) qE=.008
qO= .006
1207 Makassarese Sulawesi(Celebes) 134 Hb AE=3(2.2), AO=3(2.2) qE= .011
qO=.011
1207 Toradja Sulawesi(Celebes) 77 Hb AO=1(1.3) qO=.006
1207 Mandar Sulawesi(Celebes) 54 Hb A=54 qA= 1.00
1207 Gorontalo Sulawesi(Celebes) 104 Hb AO=1( 1.0) qO=.005
1207 Menado Sulawesi(Celebes) 186 Hb AJ=1 qJ=.003
311 Sulawesians Antja, Central Sulawesi ov Ov>50%
311 SUlawesians Tornado, Cent. Sulawesi Ov OV=40-50%
311 SUlawesians Langko, Cent. Sulawesi Ov OV=40-50%
311 SUlawesians Koelawi, Cent. Sulawesi Ov OV«50%
39

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
I I I
INDONESIA
360 Others(males) Tenganan, Pageringsingan 43 Gd GdA= 1( 2 . 3) , GdB=35(81.4) I qGdB-=.163
Ba 1 i GdB-=7(16.3)
360 Others(females) Tenganan, Pageringsingan 27 Gd GdA=O, GdAB=O, GdB=24(88.9)
Ba 1 i GdB(int)=3(11.1)
490 Balinese Bal i Gd GdA=GdBali, GdTenganan=l
1207 Madurese Madura 319 Hb AE=42(13.2) qE=.066
1207 Javanese East Java 500 Hb AE=23(4.6) qE=.023
1207 Sundanese West Java 2126 Hb AE=53(2.5) qE=.012
1224 Indonesians Djakarta 368 Hb AE=16(4.3) qE= .022
1224 Chinese Djakarta 91 Hb A=91 qA= 1.00
1224 Sumatrans Djakarta 84 Hb B2=4(4.8) qB2=.024
1223 Indonesians(males) Djakarta 368 Gd gdef=5( 1.4) qdef=.014
1971 Indoneslans(males) Djakarta 1774 Gd gdef=57(3.2) qdef=.016
1971 Indoneslans(females) Djakarta 1486 Gd gdef=28( 1.9)
1207 Chinese Djakarta 75 Hb A=75 qA= 1.00
1207 Indonesian-Chinese Djakarta 116 Hb AS=1(0.9), AE=4(3.4) qS=.004
qE= .017
1207 Indonesian-Dutch Djakarta 20 Hb AE=1(5.0) qE=.025
1207 Sumatrans Palembang 293 Hb AE=6(2.0) qE= .010
1207 Indonesians Dajak Kalimantan (Borneo) 108 Hb A=108 qA= 1.00
1207 Indonesians Bandjar Kalimantan 23 Hb AE=1(4.3) qE= .022
(Borneo)
1207 Minangkabau Central Sumatra 235 Hb AS=1(0.4), A·E=5(2.1) I qS=.002
qE= .011
1207 Batak Central Sumatra 98 Hb AE=3(3.1) qE=.015
1328 Batak Samosir Island, Sumatra 188 Hb A=188 qA= 1.00
1218 Batak North Sumatra 126 Hb ACoSp=3(2.4)
1219 Batak North Sumatra 1261 Hb I ACoSp=3(2.4)
41

REF. NUMBER GtNE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
I
INDONESIA
1219 Batak North Sumatra 277 Hb AE=3(1.1). A2Indonesia=2(O.7) I qE=.005
qD= .002
1219 Batak(males) North Sumatra 168 Gd gdef=1{0.6) I qdef=.006
1219 Batak(females) North Sumatra 109 Gd Gd-Slow=1
1219 Batak North Sumatra 89 Ov Ov= 1( 1 . 1 )
1219 Minangkabau North Sumatra 16 Hb ACoSp=1(6.3)
1219 Minangkabau North Sumatra 65 Hb AE=2(3.1).A2Indonesia=3(4.6).ADPunjab=0 qE=.015
1219 Minangkabau(males) North Sumatra 46 Gd gdef=1(2.2) qdef=.022
1219 Minangkabau(females) North Sumatra 19 Gd gdef=O
1207 Atjehnese Northern Sumatra 38 Hb AE=3(7.9)
1219 Atjehnese North Sumatra 12 Hb ACoSp=O
1219 Atjehnese North Sumatra 26 Hb E=2(7.6). A2Indonesia=0. ADPunjab=O
1219 Atjehnese(males) North Sumatra 16 Gd gdef=O
1219 Atjehnese(females) North Sumatra 10 Gd gdef=O
1219 Chinese-Indonesians North Sumatra 10 Hb ACoSp=O
42
I qE=.039
I qE=.038
1219 Chinese-Indonesians North Sumatra 541 Hb 1 AE=2(3.7). A2Indonesia=0. ADPunjab=O IqE=.019
1219 Chinese-Indonesians North Sumatra 411 Gd I gdef=3(7.3) qdef=.073
(males)
1219 Chinese-Indonesians North Sumatra 131 Gd I gdef=O
(femal es)
1219 Other Indonesians North Sumatra 91 Hb I ACoSp=O
1219 Other Indonesians North Sumatra 731 Hb I AE=5(6.8). A2Indonesia=0.ADPunjab=0 IqE=.034
1219 Other Indonesians North Sumatra 521 Gd I gdef=1(slow variant) qdef=.019
(males)
1219 Other Indonesians North Sumatra 21 Gd gdef=1
(femal es)
1219 Other Indonesians North Sumatra 52 Ov Ov= 1( 1 .9)
1219 Others North Sumatra 6 Hb AE=O. A2Indonesia=0. ADPunjab=O

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
I I I
INDONESIA
1219 Others(males) North Sumatra
:1
43
Gd 1gdef=O
1219 Others(fema1es) North Sumatra Gd gdef=O
525 Indonesians Paris 1451 HbTh I AE=1(0.7). A2=5(3.4). F=6(4.1) I qbTh=.038
MALAYSIA
512 Land Dyaks Sarawak 101 Hb AE=l qE=.005
2104 Land Dyaks Sarawak 341 Hb A=341 qA= 1.00
Land Dyaks(total) Sarawak 442 Hb AE=1(0.2) qE=.001
1215 Land Dyaks(males) Sarawak 24 Gd gdef=O
1218 Land Dayak(Sarawak) 285 Hb ACoSp=1(0.4)
768 Land Dayaks Sarawak 285 Hb ACoSp=1(0.35)
768 Land Dayaks(males) Sarawak 133 Gd gdef=7(5.3) I qdef=.053
768 Land Dayaks Sarawak 283 Ov OV=36( 12.7)
512 Sea Dyaks Sarawak 85 Hb A=85 qA= 1.00
2104 Sea Dyaks Sarawak 68 Hb A=68 qA=1.00
Sea Dyaks(total) Sarawak 153 Hb A=153 qA= 1.00
1215 Sea Dyaks(males) Sarawak 80 Gd gdef =1( 1 .3) qdef=.013
1218 Sea Dayak(Sarawak) 240 Hb ACOSp=2(0.8)
768 Sea Dayaks Sarawak 240 Hb ACoSp=2(0.83)
768 Sea Dayaks(males) Sarawak 100 Gd gdef=5(5.0) I qdef=.050
768 Sea Dayaks Sarawak 188
Ov I OV=17(9.0)
1215 Iban(males) Sarawak 56 1 Gd gdef=3(5.4) qdef=.054
2104 Malays Sarawak 166 Hb AE=5(3.0) qE=.015
1215 Malays(males) Sarawak 95 Gd gdef=11(11.6) qdef=.116
2104 Chinese Sarawak 742 Hb AE=2(0.3) qE=.OO1
2076 Chinese Sarawak 458 Hb AE=1. AQ=1 qE=.OO1
qQ=.OOl

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE )
TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
I I I
MALAYSIA
1215 Others(males) Sarawak 38 Gd gdef=O
1215 Malays(males) Brunei 317 Gd gdef=20(6.3) qdef=.063
2104 Muruts Sabah 53 Hb AE=3(5.7) qE=.028
1215 Muruts(males) Sabah 33 Gd gdef=8(24.2) qdef=.242
1215 Kadazan(males) Sabah 165 Gd gdef=20(12.1) qdef= .121
1215 Bajan(males) Sabah 58 Gd gdef=2(3.4) qdef=.034
1215 Bisaya(males) Sabah 6 Gd gdef=1 qdef=.167
1215 Malays(males) Sabah 73 Gd gdef =3( 4.1) qdef=.041
1215 Others(males) Sabah 63 Gd gdef=O
1091 Malaysians(malaria Sabah 1103 Gd gdef=109(9.8) I qdef=.098
patients)(males)
1216 Jakun(patients) Kuala Lumpur 116 HbTh ACoSp=3(2.6). AE=4(3.4) I qE=.017
1216 Semai(patients) Kuala Lumpur 233 HbTh ACoSp=O. E=14(6.0). AE=68(29.2) qE=.206
12i6 Temiar(patients) Kuala Lumpur 80 HbTh ACoSp=O, E=8( 10.0). AE=35(43.8) qE=.319
12i6 Temuan(patients) Kuala Lumpur 95 HbTh ACoSp=4(4.2). AE=1( 1. 1) qE=.005
1216 Temuan Kuala Langat. Selangor 55 HbTh ACoSp=O. A=55
1216 Temuan Selangor and Negri 406 HbTh ACoSp=12(3.0). AE=12(3.0) qE=.015
Sembi lan
140 Temuan SB Village. Negri Sembilan 54 Hb AE=G. ACoSp=O qE=.056
140 Temuan SB Village. Negri Sembi lan 46 OV Ov=17(37.0)
140 Temuan(males) SB Village. Negri Sembi lan 31
1
44
Gd 1 gdef=O
140 Temuan AB Village. Negri Sembilan 91 Hb AE=4(4.4). ACoSp=G(6.6) IqE= .022
qCoSp=.033
140 Temuan AB Village. Negri Sembilan 83 Ov OV=21(25.3)
140 Temuan(males) AB Village. Negri Sembilan 90 Gd gdef=10(11.1)
I qdef=.111
140 Temuan TL Village. Negri Sembi lan 154 Hb AE=O. ACoSp=6 qCoSp=.019
140 Temuan TL Village. Negri Sembi lan 110 Ov Ov=44(40.0)

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
MALAYSIA
140 Ternuan(rnales) TL Village, Negri Sernbilan 64 Gd gdef=6(9.4)
I qdef=.094
140 Ternuan Several Villages, Ulu
Selangor
88 Hb AE=2, ACoSp=O qE=.011
140 Ternuan Several Villages, Ul u 76 Ov OV=29(38.2)
Selangor
140 Ternuan(rnales) Several Vi llages, Ulu
Selangor
40 Gd .gdef=3(7.5) I qdef=.075
1217 Sernai Perak 332 Hb E=20(6 .0), AE=129(38.9)
I qE=.255
713 Sernai Satak. Satak River, Pahang 196 Hb E=5(2.6), AE=56(28.6) qE=.168
713 Sernai Satak, Satak River, Pahang 198 Ov Ov=50(25.2)
713 Sernai Kel it, Satak River, Pahang 34 . Hb E=1(2.9), AE=12(35.3) I qE=.206
713 Sernai Kel it, Satak River, Pahang 40 Ov Ov=5(12.5)
713 Sernai Ruwai, Satak River, Pahang 75 Hb E=11(14.7), AE=30(40.0) I qE=.347
713 Sernai Ruwai, Satak River, Pahang 81 ov OV=23(28.4)
713 Sernai Kelang, Satak River, 3i HbOv E=1(3.2). AE=13(4i.9). OV=6(i9.3) I qE=.242
Pahang
713 Sernai Buntu' , Satak River, 801 Hb I E=6(7.5), AE=28(35.0) I qE=.250
Pahang
713 Sernai Buntu' , Satak River, 791 Ov I Ov=4(5.0)
Pahang
713 Sernai Kabang, Satak River. 321 Hb I E=2(6.3), AE=8(25.0) I qE=. i87
Pahang
713 Sernai Kabang, Satak River, 361 Ov I Ov=18(50.0)
Pahang
713 Sernai Chepidn, Satak River, 721 Hb I E=1(1.4), AE=21(29.2) I qE=.160
Pahang
713 Sernai Chepidn, Satak River, 801 Ov I Ov=10(12.5)
Pahang
1218 Sernai(Senoi 2331 Hb I ACoSp=O
aborigines)
1218 Terniar(Senoi 801 Hb I ACoSp=O
aborigines)
45

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
I
MALAYSIA
1218 Temuan(aboriginal 501 Hb ACoSp=16(3.2)
Malays)
1218 Jakun(aboriginal 116 Hb ACoSp=3(2.6)
Malays)
1613 Negrito Lanoh, Perak River 34 Hb sickle=O
1613 Negri to Jahai. Perak River 119 Hb sickle=O
1613 Negrito Kensui 15 Hb sickle=O
1613 Negri to Kinta-Bong 10 Hb sickle=O
1613 Aboriginal Malay Orang Darat 46 Hb sickle=O
1214 Senoi Semai 111 Hb E=4(3.6). AE=26(23.4) qE=.153
1214 Seno i (ma Ies ) Semai 181 Gd gdef=40(22.1) qdef=.221
1214 Senoi Temiar
62/
Hb I E=11(17.7). AE=18(29.0) qE=.323
1214 Senoi(males) Temiar 137 Gd gdef=25(18.2) qdef=.182
1214 Senoi Temuan 37 Hb AE=3(8.1) qE=.041
1214 Senoi(males) Temuan 114 Gd gdef=18(15.8) qdef=.158
1214 Senoi(males) Jahut 13 Gd gdef=3(23.1) qdef=.231
1214 Senoi(males) Jakun 4 Gd gdef=O
1214 Senoi(males) 102 Gd gdef=12(11.8) I qdef=.118
1214 Senoi 29 Hb E=1. AE=8 qE=.172
1187 Senoi 3 Hb AE=1 qE=.167
Senoi(total) 321 Hb 1 E=1(3.1). AE=9(28.1) qE=.172
1217 Senoi 1371 Hb I E=10(7.3). AE=35(25.5) qE=.201
1217 Senoi(patients) 384 Hb IE=12(3.1), AE=88(22.9) qE=.146
2079 Semelai Fort Iskandar and Sinibai 41 1 Hb E=1(2.4). AE=12(29.3) qE=.171
1214 Aboriginal Malay Semelai 29
1214 Aboriginal Malay Semelai 56 1 Gd gdef=9(16.1) qdef=. 161
(males)
46
Hb IAE=6(20.7)
qE=.103

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
MALAYSIA
1214 Aboriginal Malay Jakun 9 Hb A=9 qA=1.00
1214 Aboriginal Malay Lanok 1 Hb A=1 qA= 1.00
1214 Aboriginal Malay
(males)
607 Gd gdef=103(17.0) qdef=.170
1187 Malays Kedah Province 33 Hb AE=1(3.0)
I qE=.015
1221 Malays(patients)
(males)
Perl is, Kedah 220 Gd gdef= 17(7.7) qdef=.077
1221 Malays(patients) Perl is, Kedah 183 Hb AE=8(4.4) I qE=.022
1221 Malays(v11Iagers) Perl is, Kedah 168 Gd gdef=10(6.0) qdef=.059
(males)
1221 Malays coastal villages, Ulu 179 HbTh ACoSp= 1(0.6), AE=14(7.8) I qE=.039
Trengganu
i221 Malays(males) coastal villages, Ulu 75 Gd gdef=6(8.0) I qdef=.080
Trengganu
1221 Malays(males» inland villages, Ulu 251 Gd gdef=23(9.2) I qdef=.092
Trengganu
1221 Malays inland villages, Ulu 726 HbTh ACoSp=8(1.1), AE=70(9.6) I qE=.005
Trengganu
1187 Malays Penang and Wellesley 26 Hb AE=2(7.7) I qE=.038
Provinces
2079 Malays Penang Province 296 Hb AE=2(0.7), AK=1 qE=.003
qK=.002
1187 Malays Perak Province 25 Hb AE=2(8.0) qE=.040
354 Malays Perak, West Malaysia 332 Hb AE=129(38.8), E=20(6.0) qE=.254
1187 Malays Selangor Province 101 Hb AE=6(5.9) qE=.030
1187 Malays Negri-Sambilan Province 26 Hb A=26 qA= 1.00
767 Malays Ulu Jempul District, 629 HTOv AE=32(5.1), E/bTh=1(0.2). ACoSp=15(2.4) qE=.026
Kuala Pilah, A2Indonesia=5(0.8), A2Fast=4(O.6) qbTh=.OOO8
Negri Sembilan Q1/Q2=1(0.2), OV=83(13.2) qA2Ind=.004
qA2Fast=.OO3
qQ1=.0004
qQ2=.OOO4
qbTh=.0004
47

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
I I J
MALAYSIA
1212 Malaysians(cord Kuala Lumpur 14311 HbTh I ACoSp=7(0.5), Barts=98(6.8), AE=12(0.8). qaTh=.034
blood) AFKuala Lumpur=2(0.1) qFKL=.0005
qE=.004
1225 Malay(cord bloods) Kuala Lumpur 3441 Hb 1 Barts=25(7.3), ACoSp=4( 1.2) qaTh=.0363
Avariants=3(0.9)
1229 Malays(cord blood) Kuala Lumpur 492 Hb FKuala Lumpur=O
801 Malays(cord blood) Kuala Lumpur 44 Th Barts=24(54.5)
1211 Chinese Kuala Lumpur 62 Hb A=62 I qA= 1.00
1211 Chinese(patients) Kuala Lumpur 124 HbTh AH=4(3.2) , AG=l, QH=l qaTh=.040
qG= .004
1216 Chinese Kuala Lumpur 607 HbTh ACoSp=4(0.7), AE=1(0.2) qE=.OOl
801 Chinese Kuala Lumpur 105 HbTh bTh=7(6.7) , AE=2(1.9) qbTh=.033
qE=.009
1229 Chinese(cord blood) Kuala Lumpur 501 Hb FKuala Lumpur=O
i225 Chinese(cord bloods) Kuala Lumpur 323 Hb Barts=24(7.4), ACoSp=2(0.6) I qaTh=.0372
801 Chinese(cord blood) Kuala Lumpur 42 Th Barts=24(57.0)
1228 Chinese(with neonatal Kuala Lumpur 110 ThGd gdef=23(20.9) , AF=1{0.9) , AQ= 1{0. 9) I qdef=.209
jaundice) Barts=9(8.2) qbTh=.004
qQ=.004
qaTh=.041
1211 Indians Kuala Lumpur 90 Hb A=90 qA= i .00
1211 Indians(patients) Kuala Lumpur 84 Hb S=l, AG=2 qS=.012
qG=.012
1216 Indians Kuala Lumpur 642 HbTh ACoSp= 1(0. 2). AD=3(0.5) qD=.002
1225 Indians(cord bloods) Kuala Lumpur 176 Hb Barts=9(5.1), ACoSp=O qaTh=.0256
801 Indians(cord blood) Kuala Lumpur 13 Th Barts=10(77.0)
801 Indians Kuala Lumpur 11 HbTh bTh=2(18.2) I qb:h=.091
2079 Indians Kuala Lumpur 448 Hb AE=5, AD= 1, AL=l qE-.006
qD=.001
qL=.OOl
1229 Indians(cord blood) Kuala Lumpur 4381 Hb I FKuala Lumpur=3(0.7) I qFKL=.003
49

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
I I I
MALAYSIA
1228 Indian(with neonatal Kuala Lumpur 91 Hb I AS=1( 11 . 1) I qS=.056
jaundice)
1211 Caucasians Kuala Lumpur 12 Hb A=12 I qA=1.00
1700 Chinese Kuala Lumpur and Petaling 931 Gd gdef(hem)=29(3.1), gdef(het)=5(0.5)
uaya
1700 Malays Kuala Lumpur and Petaling 629 Gd gdef(hem)=9(1.4). gdef(het)=4(0.6)
uaya
1700 Indians Kuala Lumpur and Petaling 487 Gd gdef(hem)=1(0.2)
uaya
1700 Others Kuala Lumpur and Petaling 2 Gd gdef(hem)=2
uaya
2076 Chinese uohore Bahru 9131 Hb I AE=4, Au=1 I qE=.002
qu=.001
2076 Chinese Malacca 152 Hb AE=4 qE=.013
2076 Chinese Kuala 738 Hb AE=1 qE=.001
2076 Chinese Lumpur 103 Hb A=103 qA= 1.00
1227 Malays(males) Malaya 353 Gd gdef=7(2.0) qdef=.020
2079 Malays Malaya 4984 Hb E=7(0.1). AE=240(4.8). AD=7. AK=4, Au=1 qE=.025
qD=.0007
qK=.0004
2079 Malay(cord blood) Malaya 1621 Th I Barts=2
I
qu=.0001
1226 Malay(cord blood) Malaya 1571 Th 1 Barts=5
Malay(cord blood) Malaya 3191 Th I Barts=7(2.2) I qaTh=.011
(total)
2075 Malays Malaya 151 Th 1 A2=0
2079 Chinese(cord blood) Malaya 1962 Th Barts=63 qaTh=.016
1226 Chinese(cord blood) Malaya 592 Th Barts=30 qaTh=.025
Chinese(cord blood) Malaya 2554 Th Barts=93(3.6) qaTh=.018
(total)
2075 Chinese Malaya 32 Th A2=3(9.4) 1 qbTh= .047
50

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
I I I
MALAYSIA
1227 Chinese(males) Malaya 212 Gd gdef=5 qdef=.024
2074 Chinese(males) Malaya 225 Gd gdef=5 qdef=.022
Chinese(males)(total) Malaya 437 Gd gdef= 10(2.3) qdef=.023
2079 Indians Penang 421 Hb AE=2, AK=1 qE=.002
qK=.001
2079 Indians uohore Bahru 320 Hb AD=3 qD=.005
2079 Indians Malaya 33411 Hb I AE=15(0.4), AD=15(0.4), Au= 1, AK=5, AL=2 qE=.002
qD=.002
qJ=.0002
qK=.001
2075 Indians Malaya 171 Th I A2=0
I
qL=.0002
2079 Indians(cord blood) Malaya 222 Th Barts=2 qaTh=.005
1226 Indians(cord blood) Malaya 278 Th Barts=3 qaTh=.005
Indians(cord blood) Malaya 500 Th Barts=5(1.0) qaTh=.005
(tota I )
2074 Indians(males) Malaya 921 Gd 1 gdef=3
1227 Indians(males) Malaya 206 Gd gdef=2
Indians(males)(total) Malaya 298 Gd gdef=5(1.7) qdef= .017
2079 Europeans Malaya 4153 Hb AE=4, AJ=1 qE=.0005
qJ=.0001
2075 Europeans Malaya 16 Th A2=0
2074 Europeans(males) Malaya 76 Gd gdef=O
2079 Europeans(cord blood) Malaya 142 Th Barts=1(0.7) qaTh=.004
2079 Eurasians Malaya 710 Hb AE=11(1.5) qE=.008
1227 Eurasians(males) Malaya 22 Gd gdef=O
1228 EuroPakistani(with Kuala Lumpur 1 Hb AD=1 1 qD=.500
neonatal jaundice)
1218 Malay Malaysia 536 Hb ACoSp=12(2.2)
1218 Chinese 607 Hb ACoSp=4(0.7)
51

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
MALAYSIA
1218 Indian 6421 Hb I ACoSp=1(0.2)
1583 Malays, Chinese and 1073 Gd gdef=47(4.4) I qdef=.044
Indian(lepers)(males)
354 Malays(jungle police) 93 Hb AE=20(21.5). E=10(10.8) I qE=.215
354 Malays(hospital 44 Hb AE=15(34.1), E=12(3.1) 1 qE=.130
personnel)
354 Malays(patients) 384 Hb AE=88(22.9). E=12(3.1) IqE=.130
525 Malaysians Paris 62 HbTh AJ= 1, F=1(1.6) qbTh=.008
SINGAPORE
2079 Malays Singapore 36811 Hb I AE=158(4.3), AD=6, AK=3, AJ=1 I qE= .022
qD= .0008
qK=.0004
qJ=.OOO1
1745 Malays(with Singapore 2331 Hb 1 E=1( 0 . 4 ). AE=9 ( 3 . 9 ) I qE=.024
syphilis)
1739 Malays(TB patients) Singapore 181 Hb E=1(0.6), AE=1O(5.5) I qE=.033
1739 Malays Singapore 308 HbTh AH=1. AE=16(5.2) qaTh=.003
qE=.026
1997 Malays Singapore 141 HbTh AE=7(5.0), bTh=2(1.4) qE=.025
qbTh=.007
2074 Malays(males) Singapore 126 Gd gdef=O
1740 Malays(males) Singapore 87 Gd gdef=6(6.9) I qdef=.069
372 Malays(males) Singapore 522 Gd gdef=7(1.34) I qdef=.0134
1746 Malays(males) Singapore 1384 Gd gdef=28(2.0) Iqdef=.020
1738 Malays(TB patients) Singapore 96 Gd gdef=5(5.2) qdef=.052
(males)
1738 Malays(males) Singapore 232 Gd gdef=8(3.4) Iqdef=.034
1745 Malays(with Singapore 171 Gd gdef=8(4.7) qdef=.047
syphilis)(males)
2190 Malays(males) Singapore 18431 Gd gdef=645(3.5) I qdef=.035
2190 Malays(females) Singapore 15986 Gd gdef=112(0.7)
52

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO.----E9PULATI ON PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
SINGAPORE
1740 Chinese(males) Singapore 523 Gd gdef:26(5.0) qdef:.050
372 Chinese(males) Singapore 4695 Gd gdef:64(i.36) qdef:.0136
2190 Chinese(males) Singapore 110528 Gd gdef:3426(3.1) qdef:.031
2190 Chinese(females) Singapore 128927 Gd gdef:645(0.5)
1752 Chinese(males with Singapore 167 Gd gdef:5(3.0) I qdef:.03
myocardial
infarction)
1752 Chinese Singapore 11021 Hb I AE=7(0.64)
1752 Chinese(with Singapore 2131 Hb I AE:l
myocardial
infarction)
1740 Chinese(with Singapore 4221 Gd I gdef=44(10.4) I qdef:.l04
diabetes mellitus)
(males)
1745 Indians(with Singapore 1121 Gd I gdef=1(0.9) I qdef:.009
syphili s)(males)
1738 Indians(TB patients) Singapore 631 Gd I gdef=2(3.2) I qdef:.032
(males)
1738 Indians(males) Singapore 362 Gd gdef=6(1.7) I qdef:.017
1745 Indians(with Singapore 121 Hb AE:l(0.8) qE=.004
syphilis)
1739 Indians(TB patients) Singapore 100 Hb AD:l(1.0) qD:.005
1739 Indians Singapore 43 Hb AE:1(2.3), AD=1{2.3) qE:.012
qD: .012
2079 Indians Singapore 2117 Hb AE:8. AD: 11. AJ: 1, AK:4, AL:1 qE=.002
qD:.003
qJ=.0002
qK=.001
qL:.OO02
I
1997 Indians Singapore 46 HbTh bTh=O. A=46
1740 Indians(with diabetes Singapore 121 Gd gdef=12(9.9) I qdef:.099
mel I i tus)(males)
1740 Indians(males) Singapore 1371 Gd I gdef=4(2.9) I qdef:.029
54

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTEO SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
SINGAPORE
372 Indians(males) Singapore 234 Gd gdef=1(0.43) I qdef=.0043
2190 Indians(males) Singapore 6465 Gd gdef=26(0.4) I qdef=.004
2190 Indians(females) Singapore 6465 Gd gdef=O
1752 Indians(males) Singapore 362 Gd 6(1.7) I qdef= .017
1752 Indians(males with Singapore 158 Gd gdef=4(2.5)
myocardial
infarction)
1752 Indians Singapore 2455 Hb AO=8(0.3), 0=1, AE=11(0.4), E=2. AH=4, F=1 I qO= .002
qE=.003
1752 Indians(with myo- Singapore 199 Hb A=199
cardia1 infarction)
2074 Sephardic Jews(males) Singapore 15 Gd gdef=6(40.0) I qdef=.400
2189 Singaporans(males) Singapore 347 Gd gdef=113(3.7) I qdef=.037
2189 Singaporans(females) Singapore 459 Gd gdef=113(2.8)
BURMA
126 Shan Taunggyi 99 Hb E=3(3.0), AE=22(22.2) I qE=. i41
124 Mon(males) Moulmein 76 Gd gdef=3(3.9) I qdef=.039
126 Mon Moulmein 511 Hb I E= 1(2 .0). AE=11(21.6) IqE=.i27
i24 Karen(males) Pa-an. Kawthoolei 981 Gd I gdef=14(i4.3) qdef=.143
124 Kachin soldiers 125 Gd gdef=1O(8.0) I qdef=.080
(males)
126 Kachin Kachin State 31 Hb AE=3(9.7) qE=.048
126 Karen Insein i121 Hb I E=1(0.9). AE=5(4.5) qE=.031
126 Chin Falam 1871 Hb I AE=2( 1. 1) qE=.005
126 Burmese Chauk 253 Hb E=4(1.6), AE=72(28.5) qE=.158
124 Burmese(males) Rangoon 200 Gd gdef=18(9.0) qdef=.090
126 Burmese Rangoon 161 Hb E=1(0.6). AE=34(21. 1) qE= .112
125 Burmese Rangoon 232 HbTh bTh=10(4.3), aTh=1(0.4). E=5(2.1). I qbTh=.022
AE=38(16.4) qaTh=.002
qE=.103
55

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
I I I
BURMA
Burmese(total) Rangoon 393 Hb E=6(1.5), AE=72(18.3) qE= . 107
127 Burmese Rangoon 105 Th Barts=11(10.5) qaTh=.052
127 others Rangoon 19 Th Barts=3(15.8) qaTh=.079
972 Burmese 87 Hb E=2(2.3), AE=8(9.2) qE=.069
126 Burmese(with malaria) 75 Hb E=2(2.7), AE=23(30.7) qE=.180
1188 Burmese Students London 80 Hb E=2(2.5), AE=12(15.0) qE=.100
224 Burmese 2 Gd gdef=O
128 Burmese ? Hb AE=(28.0) I qE=. 140
714 Burmese 414 Hb E+AE=108(26.1)
714 Mon 51 Hb E+AE=12(23.5)
714 Shan 99 Hb E+AE=25(25.3)
714 Karen 112 Hb E+AE=6(5.4)
714 Chin North Burma 187 Hb E+AE=2(1.1)
525 Burmese Paris 27 HbTh AE=3(11.1), A2=2(7.4) I qE=.056
qbTh=.037
I I I
THAILAND
718 Thais Northwest Provinces 600 Hb ATak=2(0.3) qTak= .0017
724 Thais(males) Chiang Mai and Lamphun 811 Gd gdef=101(12.5) qdef=.125
724 Thais(males)(normal Chiang Mai and Lamphun 169 Gd GdB=169
G6PD activity)
724 Thais(males) Chiang Mai and Lamphun 1011 Gd I GdB-Med=73 , Gd-Fast=16, Gd-Slow=1, Gd-=11
(deficient G6PD
activity)
715 Thais Chiang Mai 4691 HbTh I bTh=31(S.6), aTh=32(6.8), AE=35(7.5) I qbTh=.033
qaTh=.034
qE=.037
1437 Thais(cord blood) Chiang Mai 287 Th Barts=88(30.7) qaTh=.153
2049 Thais(males) Chiang Mai 159 Gd gdef=20(12.6) qdef=.126
2151 Thais families with 194 Hb ACoSp=85(43.8)
hemoglobin H
56

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
THAILAND
2149 Thais Chiang Mai 324 Hb AE+EE=16(4.9)
721 Thai Hill Areas, Lamphun and 374 Hb E=1(0.3), AE=45(12.0) I qE=.063
Chiengmai Districts,
Northern Thailand
721 Thai Plains Areas, Lamphun and 487 Hb AE=39(8.0) I qE=.040
Chiengmal Districts
1436 Thai North Tha 11and 99 Hb AE=8(8. 1) qE=.040
722 Thai(males) North Thailand 821 Gd gdef=129(15.7) qdef=.157
722 Thai(fema1es) North Tha 11and 106 Gd gdef=24(22.6)
720 Thai (pregnant) Chiengmal Province 131 Th A2=5/F=27(24.4) qbTh=.122
719 Thai (pregnant) Chiengmal Province 131 Hb AE=9(6.9) qE=.034
1969 Thai Chiengmai Province 352 Hb E=1(0.3), AE=23(6.5) qE=.036
284 Thai(males) Chieng Mei, North Thailand 1052 Hb AE=79(7.5), E=5(0.5), AJ= 1(0.1) qE=.043
qJ=.0005
719 Tha1(males) Ch 1engma i City 119 HbTh A2=11(9.2), E=1(0.8), AE=13(10.9) qbTh=.046
qE=.063
719 Thai Chiengdao and Fang, 110 HbTh A2=5(4.5), AE=13(11.8) qbTh=.023
Chiengmai Province qE=.059
719 Thai Doi Saked District, 159 HbTh A2=7(4.4), AE=11(6.9) qbTh=.022
Chiengmai Province qE=.035
719 Thai Sanpatong and Hod, 219 HbTh A2=12(5.5), E=Ho.5), AE=21(9.6) qbTh=.027
Chiengmai Province qE=.053
719 Thal Lamphun Province 225 HbTh A2=17(7.6), AE=17(7.6) qbTh=.038
qE=.038
1969 Thai Lampoon Province 1021 HbTh I F=2(2.0), AE=8(7.8) qbTh= .010
qE=.039
719 Thai Chiengrai Province 321 HbTh 1 A2=2(6.3), AE=3(9.4) qbTh=.031
qE=.047
1969 Thai Chiengrai Province 125 Hb AE=4(3.2) qE=.016
720 Thai Chiengmai Province 607 Th A2=34/F=25{9.7) qbTh=.049
2006 Thais(hydrops) Chiang Mai Province 8345 Th Barts(100%)=27(0.32) qaHh= .057
57

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
I
THAILAND
720 Thai Lamphun and Chiengmai 225 Th A2=17/F=30(20.9) I qbTh= . 104
Provinces
1969 Thai Lampang Province 53 Hb AE=6(11.3) qE=.057
1969 Thai Prae Province 30 Hb AE=7(23.3) qE= . 117
1969 Thai Narn Province 39 Hb AE=4(10.3) qE=.051
722 Thai Yong(males) Lamphun Province 134 Gd gdef = 15 ( 11 . 2 ) qdef=.112
722 Thai Yong(females) Lamphun Province 84 Gd gdef= 17(20. 2)
719 Thai Yong Lamphun Province 166 HbTh A2=15(9.0) . A=166 qbTh=.045
qA= 1.00
722 Thai Lue(males) North Thailand 57 Gd gdef=7(12.3) qdef=.123
722 Thai Lue(females) North Thailand 15 Gd gdef=2(13.3)
722 Thai Ya(males) Chiengrai Province 45 Gd gdef=9(20.0) I qdef=.200
722 Thai Ya(females) Chiengrai Province 15 Gd gdef=5(33.3)
719 Thai Lue. Thai Ya North Thailand 122 HbTh A2=9(7.4). A=122 qbTh=.037
and Thai Kuen qA= 1.00
720 Thai Yong. Thai Ya North Thailand 2881 Th I A2=24/F=20(15.3) qbTh=.076
and Thai Lue
722 Mon(males) Lamphun Province 31 Gd gdef=4(12.9) I qdef=. 129
722 Mon(females) Lamphun Province 58 Gd gdef=16(27.6)
719 Mon Lamphun Province 89 HbTh A2=3(3.4), AE=12(13.5) IqbTh=.017
qE=.067
2149 Mon 622 Hb AE+EE=8H 13.0)
722 Lawa(males) Chiengmai Province 106 Gd gdef=4(3.8) I qdef=.038
722 Lawa(females) Chiengmai Province 24 Gd gdef=2(8.3)
719 Lawa Chiengmai Province 75 HbTh A2=5(6.7). AE=2(2.7) qbTh=.033
qE=.013
719 Mrabri Nor th Tha i I and 181 HbTh I A2=1(5.6). AE=6(33.3) qbTh=.028
qE=.167
720 Mon-Khmer and North Tha il and 1711 Th I A2=7/F=11(10.5) qbTh=.053
Mon-Lawa
58

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
I I I
THAILAND
722 Lahu(males) North Thai land 52 Gd gdef=1(1.9) I qdef=.019
722 Lahu(females) North Thailand 9 Gd gdef=O
722 Lissu(males) North Thai land 37 Gd gdef =1( 2 .7) I qdef=.027
722 Lissu(females) North Thailand 4 Gd gdef=O
720 Lahu and Lissu North Thailand 111 Th A2=10/F=5(13.5) qbTh=.068
719 Lahu and Lissu North Thailand 61 Hb A=61 qA= 1.00
-
722 Karen(males) North Thailand 24 Gd gdef=3(12.5) qdef=.125
722 Karen(females) North Thailand 13 Gd gdef=1(7.7)
722 Miao(Hmung)(males) North Thailand 102 Gd gdef=O
722 Miao(Hmung)(females) North Thai land 21 Gd gdef=O
720 Miao(Hmung) North Thailand 62 Th A2=6/F=5(17.7) qbTh=.089
719 Miao(Hmung) North Thailand 62 Hb A=62 qA= 1.00
2149 Miao(Mong) 190 Hb AE+EE=O
2149 Musur(Lahu) 142
1
59
Hb IAE+EE=O
1969 Thai Utaradit Province 38 Hb AE=7 ( 18 . 4 ) I qE=.092
1970 Thai Tark Province 1001 Hb I E+AE=20(20.0)
1970 Thai SUkothai Province 123\ Hb I E+AE=20(16.3)
1970 Thai Phetchaboon Province 911 Hb I E+AE=19(20.9)
1970 Thai Pichit Province 1451 Hb I E+AE=31(21.4)
1436 Thai Northeast Thailand 49
Hb IAE=16(32.7)
qE=.163
722 Thai(males) Northeast Thailand 784 1 Gd gdef=109(13.9) qdef=.139
1968 Thai Srisaket Province 441 Hb I E=6( 13.6). AE=10(22.7) qE=.250
1968 Thai Other Provinces, 181 Hb I E=3(16.n, AE=5(27.8) qE=.306
Northeast Thailand
1626 Pootai(males) Kha Mint, Pannanikom 441 Gd I gdef=8(18.2) I qdef=.182
District, Sakon Nakhon
1626 Pootai(females) Kha Mint, Pannanikom 541 Gd I gdef=8(14.8)
District, Sakon Nakhon

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
THAILAND
1626 Pootai(males) Tha Song Korn. Pannanikom 50 Gd gdef=4(8.0) I qdef=.080
District. Sakon Nakhon
1626 Pootai (females) Tha Song Korn. Pannanikom 69 Gd gdef=8(11.6)
District. Sakon Nakhon
1626 Pootai(males) Na Ta Kang. Pannanikom 90 Gd gdef=6(6.7) I qdef=.067
District. Sakon Nakhon
1626 Pootai(females) Na Ta Kang. Pannanikom 78 Gd gdef=8( 10.3)
District. Sakon Nakhon
1626 Pootai(males) Bha Thong. Pannanikom 83 Gd gdef=5(6.0) I qdef=.060
District. Sakon Nakhon
1626 Poota i (fema 1es) Bha Thong. Pannanikom 59 Gd gdef=2(3.4)
District. Sakon Nakhon
1626 So(males) Hin Tag. Pannanikom 28 Gd gdef=2(7.1) I qdef=.071
District. Sakon Nakhon
1626 So(females) Hin Tag. Pannanikom 32 Gd gdef=2(6.3)
District. Sakon Nakhon
1626 So(males) Come Whae. Pannanikom 54 Gd gdef=4(7.4) I qdef=.074
District. Sakon Nakhon
1626 So(females) Come Whae. Pannanikom 39 Gd gdef=1(2.6)
District. Sakon Nakhon
2152 Thais Khon Kaen 150 HbTh bTh=3(2.0). aTh=6(4 .0). E=11(7.3). qbTh= .010
AE=54(36.0) qaTh=.020
qE=.253
2152 Thais(males) Khon Kaen 103 Gd gdef=13(12.6) qdef".126
2049 Thais(males) Chum Pae 143 Gd gdef=25(17.5) qdef".175
2152 Thais Udorn 315 HbTh bTh=16(5.1). aTh=14(4.4). E=14(4.4). qbTh=.025
AE"102(32.4) qaTh".022
qE=.206
2152 Thais(males) Udorn 299 Gd gdef=26 qdef".087
2049 Thais(males) Udorn 275 Gd gdef=34
I qdef".124
Thais(males)(total) Udorn 574 Gd gdef=60(10.5) qdef".105
720 Thai Udon and Konkaen 88 Th A2"5/F=1(6.8) I qbTh".034
Provinces
GO

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
THAILAND
719 Thai Udon and Konkaen 88 Hb E=4(4.5), AE=31(35.2) I qE=.222
Provinces
1970 Vietnamese Ubol Province 49 Hb E+AE=5( 10.2)
720 Thai Ubol Province 1301 Th I A2=3/F=5(6.2) I qbTh=.031
1968 Thai Ubol Province 3241 Hb I E=16, AE=104 qE=.210
719 Thai Ubol Province 1301 Hb I E=10, AE=45 qE=.250
Thai( tota 1) Ubol Province 4541 Hb I E=26(5.7), AE=149(32.8) qE=.221
2152 Thais Ubol 565\ HbTh I bTh=17(3.0). aTh=14(2.5), E=38(6.7), qbTh=.015
AE=214(37.9) qaTh=.012
qE=.257
2159 Thais(males) Ubol 4301 Gd I gdef=66(15.3) qdef=.153
1970 Khmer Surin Province 1031 Hb I E+AE=37(35.9)
720 Khmer Surin Province 1381 Th I A2=1(0.7) qbTh=.004
719 Khmer Surin Province 1331 Hb I E=8(6 .0). AE=71(53.4) qE=.327
722 Khmer and Suay(males) Surin Province 174 Gd gdef=29(16.7) qdef=.167
722 Khmer and Suay Surin Province 80 Gd gdef=22(27.5)
(females)
1968 Thai Surin Province 11 Hb E=1. AE=5 I qE=.318
719 Thai Surin Province 1511 Hb 1 E=12, AE=69 qE=.308
Tha i(tota I ) Surin Province 162
1
61
Hb I E=13(8.0). AE=74(45.7)
qE=.309
720 Thai Surin Province 125 Th A2=2/F=2(3.2) qbTh=.016
2149 Khmer Surin Province 7061 Hb I AE+EE=381(54.0)
2001 Thai Soldiers Korat Province 6621 Hb I E=39(5.9), AE=242(36.6). AJ=1 qE=.242
qJ=.OO1
261 Thai Soldiers Korat Province 19231 Hb I AE=? AJ=6, JE=2. JO=1 qJ=.005
720 Thai Soldiers 1881 HbTh I A2=15/F=4(10. i), AE=18(9.6) qbTh=.051
qE=.048
720 Thai Nakhon Ratchasima. 1801 Th I A2=3/F=8(6.1) qbTh=.031
Korat Province

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
THAILAND
719 Thai Nakhon Ratchasima, 180 Hb E=7(3.9), AE=63(35.0) I qE=.214
Korat Province
1436 Thai Southeast Thailand 48 Hb AE=9(18.8) qE=.094
2.049 Thais(males) Saraburi 106 Gd gdef=15(14.2) qdefo:.142
1131 Thais(with malaria) Saraburl, Lopburi, 122 HbTh bTh=8(6.6), aTh=20(16.4), AE=44(36.1) qbTho:.033
Nakorn Rajsrima qaTh=.082
qE=.180
1130 Thais(with malaria) Saraburi, Lopburi, 109 Gd gdef=22(20.2) qdef=.202
(males) Nakorn Rajsrima
1130 Thais(with malaria) Saraburl, Lopburl, 95 Gd gdefo:9(9.5)
(females) Nakorn Rajsrima
1126 Thais Rayong Province 348 HbTh bTh= 12(3.4), aTh=64( 18.4), AE=80(23.0) I
62
qbFh> .017
qaTh=.092
qE=.115
1126 Thais Nakorn Nayok 1401 HbTh I ern- 16 ( 11 .4) • aTh=27( 19.3), AEo:44(31.4) I qbTho:.057
qaTh=.096
qE=.157
1126 Thais Nakorn Rajsrlma 541 HbTh I bTh=2(3.7), aTh=9(16.7), AE=28(51.9) I qbTho:.018
qaTho:.083
qE=.259
2149 Thais Nakornsrithamaraj Provo 497 Hb AE+EEo:55(11.1)
2049 Thais(males) Pak Chong 79 Gd gdefo: W( 12.7) qdef=.126
2202 Thais(males) Trad, Trad Province 518 Gd gdefo:83(16.0) qdefo:.160
2202 Thais(males) Takum, Trad Province 125 Gd gdefo:16(12.8) qdef=.128
2049 Thals(males) Surin 152 Gd gdefo:24(15.8) Iqdef=. 158
2049 Thais(males) Lom Sak 129 Gd gdefo:19(14.7) qdef=.147
2049 Thais(males) Tak 194 Gd gdefo:23(11.9) I qdef=.119
1129 Thai Rayong Province 412 Hb E+AEo:93(22.6)
1127 Thai(males) Rayong Province 243 Gd gdefo:37(15.2) Iqdef=.152
2050 Thai (cord blood) Thailand 414 Th Barts=21(5.1) qaTh=.025
1548 Vletnamese(refugees) Songkhla Province, South 534 Gd gdef=7(1.3)[Gd-Mahidol=3. Gd-Canton=2] I qdef=.013
(males) Thai land Gd-Long Xuyen=1

REF.
NO. POPULATION
THAILAND
PLACE
1618 Vietnamese(refugees) Songkhla Province
1548 South Vietnamese Songkhla Province
(refugees)(males) Southern Thailand
2149 Thais
2149 Thais
934 Thai(females)
934 Thai(females)
1550 Chinese(males
2049 Thais(males)
2049 Thais(males)
1825 Thais(males)
1825 Thais(females)
1825 Thais
719 Thai
719 Thai
721 Thai
721 Thai
722 Thai(males)
722 Thai(females)
1436 Thai
1436 Thai
Songkla Province
Songkla Province
Surin Province, Northeast
Prasat
Nakorn Srithamaraj
Kanjanaburi
Bu Phram and Tablan.
Prachinburi Province
Bu Phram and Tablan,
Prachinburi Province
Bu Phram and Tablan,
Prachinburi Province
Nakorn Sawan Province,
Central Thailand
Pisanulok District
Hill Areas. Pisanulok
District
Plains Areas; Pisanulok
District
Central Thailand
Centra1 Tha i land
Central Thailand
South Thailand
63
NUMBER
TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS
8101 HbTh
5341 Gd
GG4
600
278
128
247
93
62
101
Hb
Th
Hb
Hb
Gd
Gd
Gd
Gd
Gd
441 Hb
931 HbTh
106) HbTh
2191 Hb
4171 Hb
6281 Gd
26
554
126
Gd
Hb
Hb
AE=17(2.1). bTh=20(2.96). aTh=51(G.3)
gdef=7( 1.31)
AE+EE=GO(9.0)
Barts=98(lG.3)
AE=100(36.0). E=21(7.6)
AE=56(43.8), E=10(7.8)
gdef=25[Gd-Canton=8, Gd-Dhon=8.
Gd-Mahidol=G, Gd-Haad Yai=1
Gd-Hong Kong=1]
gdef=7(2.8)
gdef=12(12.9)
gdef=12(19.4)
gdef=iO(9.9)
E=4(9.f). AE=15(34.f)
A2=2(2.2). E=f(1.f). AE=18(19.4)
A2=4(3.8), E=1(0.9). AE=18(17.0)
E=9(4.0). AE=66(30.0)
E=6(1.4). AE=68(16.3)
gdef=61(9.7)
gdef=4(15.4)
AE=74(13.4)
AE=16(12.7)
GENE
FREQUENCIES
qE=.0105
qbTh=.0123
qaTh=.0315
qdef=.0131
qaTh=.082
qF.=.255
qE=.297
qdef=.028
qdef=.129
qdef=.194
qE=.2G1
qbTh=.011
qE=.108
qbTh=.019
qE=.094
qE=.192
qE=.09G
qdef=.097
qE=.067
qE=.OG3

REF.
NO. POPULATION
THAILAND
1549 Thai(lymphoma
patfents)
1549 Thai(males)
2149 Cambodian refugees
PLACE
Bangkok
Bangkok
1989 Thai(children with Bangkok
typhoid fever)(males)
1989 Thai(children with Bangkok
typhoid fever)
(fema l e s )
1989 Thaf(males) Bangkok
1616 Thai (newborn) Bangkok
720 Thai Urban Bangkok
719 Thai Urban Bangkok
720 Thai Rural Bangkok
719 Thai Rural Bangkok
1437 Thais(cord blood) Bangkok
1615 Chinese and Thais Bangkok
(cord blood)
1436 Chinese Bangkok
720 South Chinese Thailand
719 South Chinese Thailand
722 South Chinese(males) Thailand
722 South Chinese
(females)
65
NUMBER
TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS
147
64
176
Th
Gd
Hb
A2=14(9.5)
gdef=7( 10.9)
AEHE=69(39.2)·
45\ Gd \ gdef=9(20.0)
131 Gd I gdef(het)=3(23.1)
3001 Gd I gdef=3f(10.3)
14081 HbTh I Barts=288(10.45). E=209(14.8)
1491 Th I A2=4/F=5(6.0)
1491 Hb I E=1(0.7), AE=14(9.4)
1351 Th I A2=4/F=10(10.4)
1211 Hb I E=1(0.8). AE=21(17.4)
14081 Th I Barts=288(20.5)
11001 Th I Barts=68(6.2)
2131 Hb I A=2f3
661 Th I A2=3/F=13(24.2)
661 Hb I A=66
621 Gd I gdef=2(3.2)
Thai land 68 Gd gdef=3(4.4)
GENE
FREQUENCIES
qaTh=.048
qdef=.109
qdef=.200
qdef=.1154
qdef=.103
qaTh=.052
qE=.076
qbTh=.030
qE=.050
qbTh=.052
qE=.091
qaTh= . 102
qalh=.031
qA= f .00
qbTh=.121
qA=1.00
qdef=.032
525 Thais Paris 2041 HbTh AE=16(7.8), E=2(1.0). A2=3(1.5), F=1(0.5) qE=.049
qbTh=.OlO
1619 Thais(males)
1619 Thais(females)
1402 Tai Dam(males) Rochester, Minn.
16
11
54
Gd
Gd
Gd
GdB=16
GdB=ll
gdef=lO( 18.0) qdef=.18

REF.
NO. POPULATION
CAMBODIA
374 Cambodians
374 Cambodians
374 Cambodians
374 Cambodians
374 Cambodians
374 Cambodians
374 Cambodians
374 Cambodians
374 Cambodians
374 Cambodians
374 Cambodians
374 Cambodians
374 Cambodians
374 Cambodians
686 Cambodians(Khmer Air
Force personnel)
(males)
957 Cambodians
LAOS
328 Laotians, Cambodians,
Vietnamese
328 laos, Cambodians,
Vietnamese
167 Vietnamese
167 Chinese
167 Meo-Yao
PLACE
Kandal Province
Takeo Province
Prey-Veng Province
Kompong-Cham Province
Kompong-Speu Province
Srai Rieng Province
Kampot Province
Kompong-Chuang Province
Kompong-Thom Province
Battambang Province
Siem-Reap Province
Pursat Province
Kratie Province
Stung-Treng Province
67
NUMBER
TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS
220
94
43
50
50
54
32
11
15
18
6
9
3
27
Hb
Hb
Hb
Hb
Hb
Hb
Hb
Hb
Hb
Hb
Hb
Hb
Hb
Hb
1061 HbGd
E=14(6.4), AE=64(29.1)
E=4(4.3), AE=26(27.7)
E=2(4.7), AE=14(32.6)
E=1(2.0), AE=15(30.0)
E=3(6.0), AE=15(30.0)
E=1(1.9), AE=11(20.4)
E=3(9.4), AE=6(18.8)
AE=5(45.5)
AE=1(6.7)
AE=4(22.2)
AE=2
E=l, AE=3
AE=2
E=1(3.7), AE=11(40.7)
gdef=15(14.2), AE=13(12.3), E+gdef=6(5.7)
San Francisco 59\ HbTh AE=11, EE=10, aTh=7, bTh=2
Laos
Laos
Xieng-Kouang Hills
89 Gd gdef=14
1011 HbTh AE=29(28.7), E=4(4.0), bTh=2(2.0)
aTh=4(4.0)
100
72
159
Hb
Hb
Hb
AE=7(7.0)
A=72
A=159
GENE
FREQUENCIES
qE=.209
qE=.181
qE=.209
qE=.170
qE=.21O
qE=.120
qE=.188
qE=.227
qE=.033
qE=.111
qE=.167
qE=.278
qE=.333
qE=.241
qdef=.198
qE=.090
qE=.183
qbTh=.010
qaTh=.020
qE=.035
qA= 1.00
qA= 1.00
1402 Hmong Rochester, Minn. 301 HbTh qE=O
qbTh=O
qaiTh= .06

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
LAOS
1869 Laotians(patients) 468 Hb AE=15f(32.3), E=19(4.1) I qE=.202
1869 Laotians(cord blood) 147 Hb AE+E='49(33.3)
649 Laotians(males) Nam Ngum Dam, north of 89 Gd gdef=ll, gdef(int)=2 I qdef=. 135
Vientiane
649 Laotians(females) Nam Ngum Dam. north of 46 Gd gdef=O
Vientiane
957 Laotians San Francisco 116 HbTh AE=2f(18.0, EE=5(4.3). EbTh=3(2.6). qE=.147
bTh=3(2.6), aTh=16(13.8) qbTh=.026
qaTh=.069
1946 Laotians Seattle. Washington 67
1946 Laotians Seattle. Washington 72 1 Th aTh=10(13.9). bTh=3(4.2) qaTh=.069
qbTh=.021
69
Hb I AE=14(20.9). EE=3(4.5). AH=3(4.5) qE=.134
2120 Laotians Paris 3461 Hb I AE=44(12.7). E=6 qE=.081
525 Laotians Paris 432 HbTh AE=12f(27.6). E=23(5.3). A2=5( 1.1), F=O qE=.193
qbTh=.006
VIETNAM
260 Khmers South Vietnam 90 Hb E=3. AE=17. EG=l qE=.133
qG=.006
1169 Khmers South Vietnam 141 HbTh I A2=2. AE=3 qbTh=.071
qE=.107
Khmers(total) South Vietnam 1041 Hb I E=3(2.9). AE=20(19.2), EG=1(1.0) qE=.130
qG=.OO5
337 Khmers Ba Xoai and Triton 2201 Hb I E=11(5.0). AE=70(31.8) qE=.209
337 Khmers(males) Ba Xoai and Triton 215
1
Gd I gdef=33(15.3). GdB=185
qdef=.153
1169 Chinese South Vietnam 15 Hb A=15 qA= 1.00
260 Montagnards South Vietnam 171 Hb 1 E=2. AE=4 I qE=.235
337 Cham(males) An Phu 55 HbGd gdef=5(9.1). GdB=50. E=2(3.6). AE=14(25.5) qdef=.091
qE=.145
337 Stieng(males) Song Be and Bu Dop 1111 HbGd I gdef=6(5.4), GdB=105. E=19(17.0. qdef=.054
AE=43(38.7} qE=.365
337 Sedang Oak To 2721 Hb I AE=16(5.9) qE=.029

REF. NUMBER GENE
NIL POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
I I I
VIETNAM
337 Sedang(males) Dak To 258 1 Gd I gdef=1(0.4), GdA=2(0.8), GdB=255 qdef=.004
qGdA=.008
337 Rhade Buon Blech 1061 Hb I E=4(3.8), AE=37(34.9) qE=.212
337 Rhade(males) Buon Blech 87 Gd gdef=2(2.3), GdB=b5 qdef=.023
2208 Ra(males) Danang 122 Gd gdef=2( 1.6), gdef(partial)=1(0.8) qdef=.025
337 Vietnamese(males) South Vietnam 217 Gd gdef=3(1.4). GdB(int)=l, GdB=213 qdef=.018
1169 Vietnamese(males) South Vietnam 510 Gd gdef=7 qdef=.014
Vietnamese(males) South Vietnam 727 Gd gdef=11(1.5) qdef=.015
(tota I )
1169 Vietnamese(newborns) South Vietnam 85 Gd gdef=5(5.9) I qdef=.059
(males)
1169 Vietnamese(newborns) South Vietnam 69 Gd gdef=6(8.7)
(females)
1169 Vietnamese(patlents) South Vietnam 193 Gd gdef=17(8.9)
337 Vietnamese South Vietnam 259 Hb E=1, AE=ll I qE=.025
260 Vietnamese South Vietnam 3071 Hb I E= t , AE=13 qE=.024
1169 Vietnamese South Vietnam 2211 Hb I E=1, AE=7 qE=.020
Vietnamese(total) South Vietnam 787 Hb E=3(0.4), AE=31(3.9) qE=.023
2208 Vietnamese(males) Central Region, South 495 Gd gdef=8(1.6), gdef(partial)=11(2.2) qdef=.038
Vietnam
2208 Vietnamese(females) Central Region, South 357 Gd gdef(partial)=21(5.9)
Vietnam
1169 Vietnamese Central Vietnam 35 HbTh A2=1(2.9). A=35 qbTh=.014
qA= 1.00
1169 Vietnamese(males) Central Vietnam
53\
Gd \ gdef=1(1.9) qdef=.019
397 Vietnamese(with
splenomegaly)
Danang 20 Hb A=20 qA= 1.00
49 Vietnamese South Vietnam 1131 Hb I AE=3(2.7), AQ=20( 17.7) qE=.013
qQ".088
268 South Vietnamese Saigon 4821 Hb I AE=17(3.5) qE=.018
70

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTEO SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
I I I
CHINA
266 Chinese Szechuan Province 51 Hb A=51 qA= 1.00
266 Chinese Yunnan Province 472 Hb AE=3(0.6) qE=.003
266 Chinese Hunan Province 140 Hb A=140 qA= 1.00
1261 Chinese Jianghua Co .• Hunan Provo 1283 Hb AJ= 1, AJJianghua=1
266 Chinese Kiangsi Province 75 Hb A=75 qA= 1.00
266 Chinese Chekiang 279 Hb A=279 qA= 1.00
266 Chinese Anhwei Province 88 Hb A=88 qA= i .00
266 Chinese Hupei Province 84 Hb AE=2(2.4) qE=.012
266 Chinese Kiangsu Province 344 Hb A=344 qA=1.00
266 Chinese Honan Province 67 Hb AD=1 qD=.007
266 Chinese Shantung Province 113 Hb A=113 qA= 1.00
266 Chinese Hopei Province 111 Hb A=111 qA= 1.00
266 Chinese Liaoning Province 36 Hb A=36 qA= 1.00
1201 Chinese(cord blood) 932 HbTh F=883(94.8), FBarts=39(4.2)
A2F=6(0.6) , FAvariant=4(0.4)
1016 Chinese Quin-Hai Co., Guangdong 2751 Hb AQuin-Hai=i
Province
2214 Chinese Guangxi Province HbTh Hb variants=6/cases=94, aTh=297. bTh=412
2217 Chinese Guangzi Province 6658 Hb Avariant=22(0.3)
2214 Chinese Sichuan HbTh Hb variants=6/cases=35, aTh=95, bTh=132
2217 Chinese Sichuan Province 6048 Hb Avariant=9(0.1)
2214 Chinese Jiangxi HbTh Hb variants=3/cases=25. aTh=5. bTh=70
2217 Chinese Jiangzi Province 11004 Hb Avariant=33(0.3)
2214 Chinese Jiangsu HbTh Hb variants=5/cases=37. aTh=8, bTh=53
2214 Chinese HUbei HbTh Hb variants=1/cases=4, aTh=5, bTh=50
2217 Chinese HUbei Province 27811 Hb 1 Avariant=9(0.3)
2147 Chinese Hubei Province 248251 HbTh I aTh=1, bTh=22(0.09), AE=7(0.03), EbTh=2 I qbTh=.0005
AG=12(0.05), AK=6(0.02), AL=10(0.04)
73

REF.
NO. POPULATION
CHINA
2147 Chinese(with hemoglobin
variant)
2214 Chinese
2214 Chinese
2214 Chinese
2214 Chinese
2214 Chinese
2217 Chinese
2214 Chinese
2214 Chinese
2214 Chinese
2214' Chinese
2214 Chinese(total)
2217 Chinese
2217 Chinese
2217 Chinese
2217 Chinese
2217 Chinese
2217 Chinese
2217 Chinese
525 Chinese
267 Ami
271 Ami
271 other Abor1ginal
tribes
263 Ami (males)
263 Ami(females)
PLACE
Hubei Province
Zhejiang
Inner Mongolia
Ningxia
Hunan
Guizhou
Guizhou Province
Anhui
Zinjiang
Gansu
Hebei
Neimeng Province
Xinjiang Province
Beijing Province
Hunan Province
Heilongjiang Prov
Henan Province
Shanghai Province
Paris
Taiwan
Taiwan
Taiwan
Taiwan
74
NUMBER
TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS
17
2059
11000
9510
6098
7312
3700
1007
3299
Hb
Th
HbTh
HbTh
HbTh
Th
Hb
Th
Hb
Th
Th
HbTh
Hb
Hb
Hb
Hb
Hb
Hb
Hb
1301 HbTh
15711 HbTh
15711 Hb
30001 Hb
7971 Gd
Taiwan 618 Gd
AE=5, AChad=l; AGCoushatta=1, AGTaibei·3
AQueens=1, ANew Yorl

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
I I I
CHINA
267 Atayal Taiwan 354 HbTh A2=0. A=354
263 Atayal(males) Taiwan 110 Gd gdef=O
263 Atayal (females) Taiwan 74 Gd gdef=O
75
I
qA= 1.00
267 Saisiat Taiwan 184 HbTh 1\2=0, A=184 qA= 1.00
263 Saisiat(males) Taiwan 80 Gd gdef=3(3.8) qdef=.038
263 Saisiat(females) Taiwan 82 Gd gdef=O
267 Bunan Taiwan 684 HbTh A2=0. 1\=684
263 Bunun(males) Taiwan 341 Gd gdef=O
263 Bunun(females) Taiwan 333 Gd gdef=O
I
qA= 1.00
267 Tsou Taiwan 309 HbTh A2=0. A=309 qA= 1.00
263 Tsou(males) Taiwan 147 Gd gdef= 1(0. 7) qdef=.007
263 Tsou(females) Taiwan 144 Gd gdef=O
267 Puyuma Taiwan 329 HbTh A2=O, A=329 qA= 1.00
263 Puyuma(males) Taiwan 187 Gd gdef =2 ( 1 . 1 ) qdef= .011
263 Puyuma(females) Taiwan 136 Gd gdef = 1( O. 7 )
267 Rukai Taiwan 129 HbTh A2=0. A=129 I qA=1.00
263 Ruka i (ma 1es ) Taiwan 64 Gd gdef=O
263 Rukai(females) Taiwan 60 Gd gdef=O
267 Paiwan Taiwan 941 HbTh A2=O, A=941
263 Paiwan(males) Taiwan 287 Gd gdef=O
263 Paiwan(females) Taiwan 266 Gd gdef = 1 ( 0 . 4 )
I
qA= 1.00
283 Chinese Taiwan 100000 Hb AJ=76(0. 1) IqJ=.0004
273 Chinese Taiwan 150000 Hb AE=40. AG=70. ATa-Li=1 qE=.0001
qG=.0002
272 Chinese Kaohsiung, Taiwan 18,000 Hb AK=7 qK= .0002
272 Chinese Keelung, Taiwan 6500 Hb AK=2 qK=.0002

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
I I I
KOREA
2009 Koreans(males) Yangyang 148 Gd gdef=O
276 Koreans(males) 743 Gd gdef =1( O. 1 ) I qdef=.001
276 Koreans(females) 1851 Gd gdef=O
2141 Koreans 50 Hb sickle=O
1028 Koreans 51 Hb A=51 qA= 1.00
525 Koreans Paris 1461 HbTh I A=146. A2=0. F=1(0.7) qbTh=.003
vAPAN
2198 vapanese(males) Okukur-odan t , Kyoto 311 HbGd I GdB=31. A=45 I qA=1.00
Prefecture
2198 vapanese(females) Okukurodani. Kyoto 45 HbGd GdB=45. A=45 I qA=1.00
Prefecture
2199 vapanese Arihara, Kyoto Prefecture 90 Gd GdB=90
2199 vapanese Mukugawa, Kyoto Prefecture 149 Gd GdB=149
2199 vapanese Aso. Kyoto Prefecture 143 Gd GdB=143
1754 vapanese Shiga Prefecture 181 Gd GdB=181
1517 vapanese Shibukawa. Gumma 580 Gd gdef=O
Prefecture
975 vapanese Nishiki-cho. Yamaguchi 1830 Hb Av=3(0.2) I qv=.OO1
Prefecture
1382 Japanese Hofu. Yamaguchi Prefecture 2000 Hb AN=1 I qN=.0003
1859 vapanese Yamaguchi Prefecture 30000 Hb Hb variants=13(0.04)
1445 Japanese(males) Yamaguchi 3000 Gd gdef=15(0.5) I qdef=.005
1967 vapanese(cord blood) Nishiki-cho, Yamaguchi 7600 HbTh bTh=2 families, dTh=1 family. ANorfolk=3
families
1444 Japanese(patients) Yamaguchi 2600 Gd gdef=13(0.5) I qdef=.005
(males)
1379 Japanese(males) Yamaguchi Prefecture 7120 Gd gdef=6(0.1) I qdef=.OO1
2207 vapanese(newborn) Yamaguchi Prefecture 1970 Hb AJ= 1. AFKotobuki=1
1443 Japanese(males) Yamaguchi. Southwest 61201 Gd I GdUbe=2. Gdvariant=3 I qdef=.0008
Honshu
77

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
JAPAN
1858 Japanese Nagasaki 2000 Hb AE=1 I qE=.0003
1507 Japanese(cord blood) Fukuoka 1812 Th Barts= 1(O. 1) J qaTh=.0003
,
2201 Japanese Kyushu 50000 Hb AJ=6. AD=6 IqJ=.00006
qD=.00006
2201 Japanese Kyushu 50000 Th bTh=2. aTh=1
1967 Japanese Kyushu, West Japan 65622 Hb ASawara=1
1967 Japanese(cord blood) Kyushu. West Japan 3142 Hb AMugino=1 qMug=.0002
1504 Japanese ami, Niigata Prefecture 3781 Hb AF=14, A=3781 qF=.002
qA= 1.00
1381 Japanese Hiroshima 9626 Hb AN=2 I qN=.0003
1508 Japanese 200000 Hb B2=0
986 Japanese 279600 Hb Hb variants=34(0.012)
1301 Japanese Hiroshima and Nagasaki 2231 Th F=2 I qbTh=.0005
116 Japanese Hiroshima and Nagasaki 2800 Hb A=2800
1056 Japanese Hiroshima 2653 HbTh AHij iyama=1, AJHiroshima=1. A2B2=0 qHij=.0002
qJHir=.0002
1795 Japanese(males) Hiroshima & Nagasaki 552 Gd gdef=O
1795 Japanese(females) Hiroshima & Nagasaki 604 Gd gdef=2
1505 Japanese Kagoshima Prefecture 2200 HbTh A2=1, A=2200 I qbTh=.0002
qA= 1.00
1506 Japanese North Kyushu 10000 Th A2=1
I qbTh=.0001
751 Japanese Mishima Island 739 HbTh F=O, A=739 qA= 1.00
883 Japanese Japan 89825 Hb Hb variants=30(0.03)
1313 Japanese(males) Shichikawa, Wakayama 535 Gd gdef= 1(0.1) I qdef=.002
Prefecture
1313 Japanese(females) Shichikawa. Wakayama 5681 Gd I gdef=O
Prefecture
1380 Japanese(males) Tokyo
2107/
78
Gd Igdef=O
1380 Japanese(females) Tokyo 721 . Gd gdef=O

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTEO SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
I I I
JAPAN
1380 Japanese Tokyo 161 Gd gdef=O
1380 Japanese Tokyo 614 Gd gdef=O
976 Japanese 97000 Hb ASawara=l. AKokura=5
AShimonoseki=2. ANorfolk=4
ANoko=l, ATagawa I/Broussais=l
AWajiro=l, AMinoshima=l
AOgi =1. AHirose=2
AYukuhashi/Dhofar=2
AMSaskatoon/Kurume=l
AYoshizuka=l. AFukuoka=1
AHonjo= 1, AMiyada=l
A2Miyako=1
976 Japanese(cord blood) 31401 Hb I FFukuoka=l
FMeinohama=l
FKokura=1
976 Japanese 1001401 Th I aThBarts=3
bTh(het)=li, bTh(hom)=l
976 Japanese 100140 Th dTh(het)=1
1056 Japanese Japan 300 Hb F=48(16.0) qF=.113
1378 Japanese(males) Japan 9694 Gd gdef=10(0.1) qdef=.001
987 Japanese Takamatsu 2291 Hb ATakamatsu=18. AYusa=6. AMizushi=2 qTak=.004
AUbe-2='. AGSzuhu=1 qYusa=.001
JBangkok=1 qMiz= .0005
qUbe 2=.0005
1857 Japanese Japan 1600001 HbTh I Hb/Th variants=60(0.031)
1856 Japanese 400000 Hb AKoln=2, AHammersmith=1, ATochigi=1
1385 Japanese(with color Tokushima 51 Hb HPFHTokushima=7(13.7)(sex-linked?)
blindness) HPFHToku: males=(10.0), females=(19.0)
525 Japanese Paris 4701 HbTh I A=470. A2=2(0.4) • F=4(0.8) I qbTh=.006
1619 Japanese 241 Gd I GdB=24
1516 Ainu Piratori area. Hidaka 1251 Gd 1 GdB=125
District, Hokkaido
1418 Ainu Hokkaido 1441 Gd I gdef=O
79

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
I I I
SRI LANKA
1438 Sinhalese(males) Kegalle District 312 Gd gdef=4( 1.3)
1438 Sinhalese(females) Kegalle District 78 Gd gdef=1(1.3)
80
I qdef=.013
2175 Sri Lankans Colombo 2060 Hb A=2060 I qA=1.00
599 Sri Lankans Colombo 800 Hb sickle=O
37 Veddas 167 Hb AE=5(3.0) IqE=.015
2174 Veddas Pollebedde. Central 381 Hb I E=1(2.6). AE=4(10.5) qE=.079
Sri Lanka
2174 Veddas Dambana. Central Sri Lanka 271 Hb 1 A=27 IqA=1.00
2174 Veddas Ginidamana-Dalukana. 87 Hb E=2(2.3). AE=26(29.9) qE=.129
Central Sri Lanka
2174 Veddas Adampane-Bukm1kade. 32 Hb AE=5(15.6) I qE=.078
Northern Sri Lanka
1552 Sinhalese Anuradhapura 157 Hb AS=1(0.6). AE=2(1.3) I qS=.003
qE=.006
277 Singhalese. Tami I. 206001 Hb 1 AE=55(0.3) I qE=.0013
Muslim and Malay
2000 Sri Lankans Peradeniya 2000 HbTh AD=1.AE=1.AK=1.AH=1.ETh=1.Barts=1
2 Sinhalese(males) Hirigollegama 113 Gd gdef=8(7.1) Iqdef=.071
2 Sinhalese Vihara Bulankulama 139 Gd gdef=29(20.9) qdef".209
(males)
2 Sinhalese(males) Vijeapura 115 Gd gdef=4(3.5) qdef=.035
2 Sinhalese(males) Kandalama 107 Gd gdef=4(3.7) qdef=.037
2 Sinhalese(school- Anuradhapura 153 Gd gdef=8(5.2) qdef=.052
children)(males)
2 Tamil(schoolchildren) Anuradhapura 1601 Gd I gdef=O
(males)
2 Muslims(school- Anuradhapura 1201 Gd I gdef=6(5.0) I qdef=.050
children)(males)
2 Sinhalese(patients) Anuradhapura 132 Gd gdef=7(5.3) I qdef=.053
(males)
1552 Sinhalese Anuradhapura 157 Hb AS=1(0.6) . AE=2(1.3) I qS=.003
qE=.0065

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTEO SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
I I I
SRI LANKA
1694 Sinhalese(males) Anuradhapura 132 Gd gdef=7(5.3), gdef(part)=18(13.6), GdB=107
525 Sri Lankans Paris 66 HbTh A=66, A2=O, F=O
INDIA
1174 Andamanese(mixed) Andaman Islands 16
Hb I sickle=O
1174 Onge Little Andaman Island 52 Hb sickle=O
20 Shompen Great Nicobar Island
551 Hb 1 sickle=O
21 Nicobarese coastal villages. Great
Nicobar Island
113 Hb sickle=O
17 Nicobarese Nancowry Island 961 Hb I sickle=O
17 Nicobarese Camorta Island 58 Hb sickle=O
17 Nicobarese Car Nicobar Island 324 Hb sickle=O
19 Burmese Andaman Islands 207 Hb sickle=O
1
81
I qdef=.189
2031 Indians Madras City 101 HbTh A2=0/F=-O, AK=-3(3.0) qK=.015
1141 Higher Castes Pondichery Madras 28 HbTh A2=-5(17.9), A=28 qbTh=.089
qA=-1.00
1141 Lower Castes Pondlchery Madras 114 HbTh A2=-16( 14.0), AK=-3(2.6) qbth=-.070
qK=.013
1141 Untouchables Pondichery Madras 11 HbTh A2=O, A=ll qA=-1. 00
1141 Nairs Pondichery Madras 3 HbTh A2=l, A=3 qbTh=-.167
qA= 1.00
1141 Moslems Pondichery Madras 1 Hb A=l
1141 Khorwas Pondichery Madras 1 I Hb I A=l
1141 Unknown Pondichery Madras 12 HbTh A2=-2. AK=i qbTh=.083
qK=.042
380 Pallar Tinnevelly. Madras 112 Hb sickle=-1(0.9) qS=.004
1174 Paniyan Nilgiri District, Madras 61 Hb sickle=21 qS=.l72
348 Paniyan Wynad, Nilgiri District, 74 Hb sickle=22 qS=.149
Madras
581 Paniyan Wynad, Nilgiri District, 9551 Hb I sickle=265 I qS=.139
Madras

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
I I I
INDIA
Paniyan(total) 1090 Hb sickle=308(28.2) qS=.141
366 Paniyan Nilgiri Hills 157 Hb AS=47(29.9), S=7(4.5) qS=.194
383 Kurumba Nilgiri District, Madras 112 Hb sickle=20 qS=.089
1174 Kurumba Nilgiri District, Madras 16 Hb sickle=3 qS=.094
1103 Kurumba Nilgiri District, Madras 43 Hb sickle=10, AS=10 qS=.116
1189 Kurumba Nilgiri District, Madras 26 Hb sickle=7, AS=7 qS=.135
Kurumba(total) Nilgiri District, Madras 197 Hb sickle=40(20.3) qS= . 102
1748 Kurumba Ni 19iris 43 Hb AS=9(20.9) q5=.105
1748 Kurumba(males) Ni 19iris 16 Gd gdef=2(12.5) qdef=.125
1748 Kurumba (fema I es) Ni 19iris 23 Gd gdef=3
366 Jenu Kurumba Nilgiri Hills 25 Hb A5=1(4.0), 5=0 q5=.020
366 Bettu Kurumba Ni 19iri Hills 23 Hb A5=5(21.7), 5=1(4.3) q5=.152
366 Mullu Kurumba Nilgiri Hills 174 Hb A5=60( 34.5) , 5=1(0.6) q5=.178
475 Kotas Nilgiri District, Madras 12 Hb sickle=O, A=12 qA= 1.00
1174 Kotas Nilgiri District, Madras 86 Hb sickle=O
1189 Kotas Nilgiri District, Madras
221
Hb Isickle=O, A=22
Kotas(total) Nilgiri District, Madras 120 Hb sickle=O
82
I
qA= 1.00
1174 Irulas Nilgiri District, Madras 124 Hb sickle=39 q5=.117
1103 Irulas Nilgiri District, Madras 15 Hb sickle=6, A5=6 q5=.200
1189 Irulas Nilgiri District, Madras 18 Hb sickle=4, A5=4 q5 = . 111
Irulas(total) Nilgiri District, Madras 157 Hb sickle=49(31.2) q5=.156
1748 Irula Nilgiris 175 Hb A5=46(26.3), S=2(1.1) q5=.143
1748 Irula(males) Nilgiris 89 Gd gdef=8(9.0) qdef=.090
1748 Irula(females) Nilgiris 81 Gd gdef=5
366 Irula Nilgiri Hills 14 Hb A5=3(21.4), 5=0
364 Irula Nilgiri Hills 292 Hb 55=5 ( 1 .7) , AS=85 (29. 1)
I q5=.107

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
INDIA
1748 Christians Erna Kulam 162 Hb AD=1(0.6) qD= .003
1545 Indians South India 135 Hb AS=1 qS= .004
1546 Indians South India 116 Hb A=116 qA= 1.00
Indians(total) South India 251 Hb AS=1(0.4) qS=.004
1907 Indians Kerala 2141 Hb 1 AD=1(0.5) qD=.002
1847 Baud Saraswats Mangalore 113 Th A2=1(0.9) qbTh=.004
1194 Indians Goa 684 Hb sickle=O
2039 Indians Goa 1843 Hb AD=5(0.3), AK=2, AQ=4 I qD=.001
qK=.001
qQ=.001
2039 Indians Goa 8331 Th I F=20, OsmRes=20(2.4) qbTh=.012
1976 Indians Shimoga District, Mysore
550/
85
Hb / sickle=1(0.2) qS=.001
1976 Indians Shimoga District, Mysore 68 Hb AD=1(1.5), AS=1 qD=.007
qS=.007
1907 Indians Mysore 42
Hb AD=1(2.9) qD= .012
1666 Kuruvikkarans Andhra Pradesh & Tamil Nadu 92 1 Gd gdef=4(4.2) qdef=.042
844 Koya Dora Venkatapuram, Khamman 1171 HbGd AS=18 qS=.076
District, Andhra Pradesh qdef=.341
844 Koya Dora Bhadrachalam, Khamman 88 HbGd AS=13 qS=.074
District, Andhra Pradesh qdef=.107
844 Koya Dora Otai, Warangal District 132 HbGd AS=8 qS=.030
Andhra Pradesh qdef=.218
844 Koya Dora Mulug, Warangal District 120 HbGd AS=4 qS= .017
Andhra Pradesh qdef=.173
844 Koya Dora Mahabubabad, Warangal 90 HbGd AS=1 qS=.006
District, Andhra Pradesh qdef=O
Koya Dora(total) 547 HbGd AS=44 qS=.040
1656 Koya Dora Andhra Pradesh 118 Hb AS=18(15.2), S=O qS=.076
(Venkatapuram)
1656 Koya Dora Andhra Pradesh 88 Hb AS=11(12.5), S=1(1.1) I qS=.074
(Bhadrachalam)

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
INDIA
1656 Lambadi Andhra Pradesh 1501 Hb I AS=4(2.7), S=O
1656 Lambadi Andhra Pradesh 154 Gd gdef=2(1.3)
87
I qS=.013
1696 Hindus(males) Andhra Pradesh 209 Gd GdB=197, gdef=12(5.7) qdef=.057
1696 Muslim(males) Andhra Pradesh 86 Gd GdB=85, gdef=1(1.2) qdef=.012
1696 Lambadi(males) Andhra Pradesh 58 Gd GdB=56. gdef=2(3.5) qdef=.035
1279 Savara Srikakulum District, 132 HbGd AS=2(1.5), gdef=O I qS=.008
Andhra Pradesh
1279 Jatapu Srikakulum District, 157 HbGd AS=2(1.3), gdef=O I qS=.006
Andhra Pradesh
1452 Indians(tribal and Addateegala agency area 184 Hb sick I e= 11( 5.9) I qS=.030
nontribal) Andhra Pradesh
1452 Indians(tribal) Rampachodavaram agency 96 Hb sickle=9(9.3) qS=.047
Andhra Pradesh
1839 Tirupati Chittar District, West of 720 Hb A=720 qA= 1.00
Madras, Andhra Pradesh
1839 Tirupati(males) Chittar District. West of 420 Gd gdef=6( 1.4) J qdef=.014
Madras, Andhra Pradesh
1839 Tirupati(females) Chittar District, West of 300 Gd gdef=O
Madras, Andhra Pradesh
1656 Naikpod Andhra Pradesh 86 Hb AS=4(4.6), S=O I qS=.023
1656 Naikpod Andhra Pradesh 86 Gd gdef=1( 1.2)
895 Puduru Dravida Chitoor and Nellore 50 Gd gdef=O
Brahmans(males) Districts. Andhra Pradesh
895 Gollas(males) Chitoor and Nellore 61 Gd gdef=3(4.9) I qdef=.049
Districts. Andhra Pradesh
895 Madigas(males) Chitoor and Nellore 32 Gd gdef=2(6.3) I qdef=.063
Districts, Andhra Pradesh
1665 Indians Hyderabad and Secundrabad 600 Hb AS=12(2 .0), AE=12(2.0) qS=.OlO
qE= .010
1440 Rell is Visakhapatnam, Andhra 353 Hb sickle=74(21.0) qS=. 105
Pradesh
2072 Andhras(males) Visakhapatnam 68 Gd gdef=3(4.4) I qdef=.044

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
I I I
INDIA
1462 Gond Bilaspur, Madhya Pradesh 129 Hb sickle=25(19.4) qS=.097
1462 Kanwar Bilaspur. Madhya Pradesh 91 Hb sickle=4(4.4) qS=.022
1849 Raj Gond near Jagdalpur, Bastar 54 Hb sickle=15(27.8) qS=.139
1849 Muria near Jagdalpur, Bastar 35 Hb sickle=10(28.6) qS=.143
1849 Bhatra near Jagdalpur, Bastar 25 Hb sickle=7(28.0) qS=.140
1849 Halba near Jagdalpur, Bastar 26 Hb sickle=6(23.1) qS=.115
1715 Adibasi Harijan Bastar and Koraput 78 Hb sickle=7(9.0) qS=.045
1715 Bhatra Bastar and Koraput 108 Hb sickle=2(1.9) qS=.009
1715 Praja Paraja Bastar and Koraput 160 Hb sickle=69(43.1) qS=.216
1715 Gond Bastar and Koraput 429 Hb sickle=38(8.9) qS=.044
1715 Mari Bastar and Koraput 30 Hb sickle=5(16.7) qS=.083
1715 Gadaba Bastar and Koraput 62 Hb sickle=3(4.8) qS=.024
1715 Paika Bastar and Koraput 51 Hb sickle=5(9.8) qS=.049
1715 Bhumyyia Bastar and Koraput 47 Hb sickle=2(4.3) qS=.021
1715 Koya Bastar and Koraput 558 Hb sickle=75(13.4) qS=.067
1715 Damba Bastar and Koraput 44 Hb sickle=2(4.5) qS=.023
1715 Rona Bastar and Koraput 36 Hb sickle=7(19.4) qS=.097
1715 Other groups Bastar and Koraput 100 Hb sickle=13(13.0) qS=.065
1461 DorIa Konta Tahsil, Bastar 200 Hb sickle=26(11.8) qS=.059
District, Madhya Pradesh
1461 Dhurwa Jagdalpur Tahsil, Bastar 218 Hb sickle=7(3.2) I qS=.016
District
1461 Northern Dhurwa Jagdalpur Tahsil, Bastar 60 Hb sickle=10( 16.7) I qS=.083
District
1463 Bade Bhatra Jagdalpur Tahsil, Bastar 153 Hb sickle=25(16.3) I qS=.082
District
1463 Manjhela Bhatra Jagdalpur Tahsil. Bastar 641 Hb I sickle=7( 10.9) I qS=.055
District
89

REF . NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
I I I
INDIA
2014 Ghasia Raipur. Madhya Pradesh 36 Hb AS=5(13.9). S=O qS=.069
2014 Chamar Raipur, Madhya Pradesh 22 Hb AS=2(9.0). S=O qS=.045
2014 Satnami Raipur. Madhya Pradesh 22 Hb AS=6(27.3), S=O qS=. 136
2014 Chamari Ralpur, Madhya Pradesh 15 Hb A5=2(13.3), S=O qS=.067
2014 Mahar Raipur, Madhya Pradesh 8 Hb AS=1(12.5). S=2(25.0) qS=.312
2014 Other scheduled Raipur. Madhya Pradesh 47 Hb A5=0. 5=0
castes
2014 Gond Raipur. Madhya Pradesh 63 Hb A5=15(23.8), S=4(6.3) qS=.182
2014 Halba Raipur. Madhya Pradesh 33 Hb AS=4(12.n, S=1(3.0) qS=.091
2014 Panka Raipur, Madhya Pradesh 26 Hb AS=7(26.9). S=2(7.7) qS=.212
2014 Kamar Raipur, Madhya Pradesh 21 Hb AS=1(4.8). S=O qS=.024
2014 Binjhawar Raipur, Madhya Pradesh 14 Hb AS=O. S=O
2014 Other scheduled Raipur. Madhya Pradesh 33 Hb AS=3(9.0). S=1(3.0) I qS=.076
tribes
1834 Indians(patients) Raipur. Madhya Pradesh 7811 HbTh 1 AS=70(9.0). S=45(5.8). STh= 11 ( 1 .4) I qS=. 109
A2=30(3.8). aThbTh=7(0.9), ETh=O qaTh=.004
AE=6(0.8), AD=3(0.4) qbTh=.031
qE=.004
qD= .002
1834 Indians Ralpur. Madhya Pradesh 20001 HbTh 1 AS=279(14.0). S=59(3.0). STh=3(0.2) qS=.100
A2=3(0.2), aThbTh=8(0.4), ETh=2(0.4) qaTh=.002
AE=13(0.6), AD=4(O.2) qbTh=.004
qE=.004
1141 Brahmin Ujjain District 281 Hb I sickle=O
I
qD=.OOl
1141 Chamar Ujjain and Dewas Dlstricts 271 Hb I sickle=O
1141 Rajput Ujjain district. Madhya 421 Hb I sickle=O
Pradesh
1141 Jain and Vaishya Ujjain District 151 Hb I sickle=O
1141 Dhakar Dewas District, Madhya 25\ Hb \ sickle=O
Pradesh
1141 Musl im Ujjain and Dewas Districts 121 Hb I sickle=O
91

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
I
INDIA
1141 Others Ujjain and Dewas Districts 17 Hb sick1e=0
1141 Ba1ai Ujjain and Dewas Districts 10 Hb sick1e=0
581 Ba1ai Madhya Pradesh 104 Hb sick1e=5(4.8) I qS=.024
581 Bhila1a Madhya Pradesh 139 Hb sick1e=39(28.1) qS=.140
581 Bhi 1 Madhya Pradesh 174 Hb sick 1e=21( 12. 1 ) IqS=.060
1546 Indians Madhya Pradesh 34 Hb AD=1 qD=.015
1545 Indians Madhya Pradesh 67 Hb AS=1 qS=.007
Indians(tota1) Madhya Pradesh 101 Hb AS=1(1.0), AD=1(1.0) qS=.005
qD= .005
1556 Bhi 1s Jhabua District, 145 Hb AS=25(17.2) qS=.086
Madhya Pradesh
1556 Bhi1s(ma1es) Jhabua District, 120 Gd gdef=8(6.7) I qdef=.067
Madhya Pradesh
26 Pardhan Mand1a District 100 Hb sickJe=9(9.0) I qS=.045
1135 Oraons Samri Tahsi 1, Surguja 92 Hb AS=O
District, Madhya Pradesh
895 War1i Southwestern India I Gd I gdef=(19.6)
895 Dhodia Southwestern India 1 Gd I gdef=(6.35)
895 Kokanas Southwestern India 1 Gd 1 gdef=(8.2)
1134 Bhil Indore 461 Hb I sick1e=11(23.9) qS=.120
1134 Ba1ai Indore 731 Hb I sick1e=4(5.5) qS=.027
1134 Chamar Indore 221 Hb I slck1e=2(9.1 ) qS=.045
1134 Rami Mal i Indore 52 Hb sick1e"0
1134 Kadve Ku1mi Indore 33 Hb sick1e"0
1137 Khati Indore 21 Hb sick1e"0
1134 Other groups Indore 46 Hb sick1e"0
977 Indians(maJes) Indore 402 Gd gdef=46( 11.4) I qdef=.114
977 Indians(fema1es) Indore 598 Gd gdef=16(2.7)
92

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
I I
INDIA
1494 Muslims(males) Indore 102 Gd gdef=4(3.9) qdef=.039
1494 Hindus(males) Indore 107 Gd gdef=8(7.5) qdef=.075
1133 Bhil Ratlam 84 Hb sickle=5(6.0) qS=.030
1133 Kulmi Ratlam 48 Hb sickle=O
1133 Dhakar Ratlam 33 Hb sickle=O
1133 Brahmin Ratlam 22 Hb sickle=O
1133 Rajpur Ratlam 20
Hb Isickle=O 1133 Chamar Ratlam 20 Hb sickle=O
1133 Jain and Vaishya Ratlam 16 Hb I sickle=O
1133 Balai Ratlam 12 Hb sickle=O
1133 Other groups Ratlam 86 Hb sickle=O
1133 Bhil Dhar 44 Hb sickle=5( 11.4) qS=.057
1133 Bhilala Dhar 139 Hb sickle=39(28.1) qS=.140
1133 Balai Dhar 9 Hb sickle=1 qS=.055
1133 Chamar Dhar Dhar 20 Hb sickle=O
1133 Jain and Vaishya Dhar 31 Hb sickle=O
1133 Other groups Dhar 50 Hb sickle=1 I qS= .010
142 Mahar(lepers)(males) Nagpur 15 Gd gdef=4(26.7) I qdef=.267
142 Mahar(lepers) Nagpur 11 Gd gdef=7(63.6)
(fema I es)
142 Indians(lepers) Nagpur 44 Gd gdef=6( 13.6) I qdef=.136
(males)
142 Indians(lepers) Nagpur 31 Gd gdef=9(29.0)
(females)
142 Indians(lepers) Nagpur 101 Hb sickle=11(10.9) I qS=.054
1090 Indians(lepers) Nagpur 122 HbGd gdef=27(22.1). sickle=4(3.3) I qS=.016
1090 Indians(TB patients) Nagpur 100 HbGd gdef=8(8 .0). sickle=O
93

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTEO SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
INDIA
1776 Kokna Tribe Sahyadri Section 190 Hb AS=B(4.2) I qS=.021
Maharashtra
1776 Katkari Tribe Sahyadri Sectlon 262 Hb AS=21(B.0) I qS=.040
Maharashtra
1776 Warli Tribe Sahyadri Section 225 Hb AS=36(16.0) I qS=.OBO
Maharashtra
1066 Parsi Poona District, 310 Gd gdef=37( 11.9)
Maharashtra
1066 Bohri Poona District, 191 Gd gdef=O
Maharashtra
1066 Muslim(mixed) Poona District, 1B9 Gd gdef =4 (2. 1)
Maharashtra
1066 Irani Poona District, 44 Gd gdef =1( 2.3)
Maharashtra
1066 Sikh Poona District, 118 Gd gdef=4(3.4)
Maharashtra
1066 Christian Poona District, 44 Gd gdef=1(2.3)
Maharashtra
1066 Nava-Budolha Poona District, 271 Gd gdef=7(2.6)
Maharashtra
1066 vain Marwadi Poona District, 144 Gd gdef=4(2.8)
Maharashtra
1066 Hindu(Brahmin) Poona District, 162 Gd gdef=2(1.2)
Maharashtra
1066 Hindu(Maratha) Poona District, 338 Gd gdef=7(2.1)
Maharashtra
1066 Hindu(Other) Poona District, 317 Gd gdef=7(2.2)
Maharashtra
1066 Dhanger(nomadic) Poona District, 211 Gd gdef=5(2.4)
Maharashtra
1066 Nandiwalla(nomadic) Poona District, 126 Gd gdef=7(5.5)
Maharashtra
1066 Miscellaneous Poona District, 251 Gd gdef=(2.7)
Maharashtra
95

REF.
NO. POPULATION
INDIA
1067 Sindhis
1850 Mahar Students
1850 Mahar Students
1850 Mahar Students
1850 Mahar Students
PLACE
Poona
Wardha, Akola, Amravati,
and East Ahmednagar,
Maharashtra
Dhulia, Jalgaon, Buldhdna,
Nasik, Thana, Poona,
Kolaba, Ahmednagar,
Yeotmal, Nagpur, Bhandara,
and Chandra, Maharashtra
Aurangabad, Bhir,
Iparbhani, Inanded, and
Oamanabad, Maharashtra
Thana, Poona, Ratnagiri,
Kolhapur, Sangli, Salara,
Sholapur, and Bombay,
Maharashtra
96
NUMBER
TESTED SYSTEM
238/ Hb
2241 HbGd
5841 HbGd
2741 HbGd
171 HbGd
Mahar Students(total) Maharashtra 10991 HbGd
1907 Indians
1433 Patils(Nandiwalla)
(males)
Maharashtra
Maharashtra
1433 Chaugules(Nandiwalla) Maharashtra
(males)
1433 Komtis(Nandiwalla)
(males)
1433 Nandiwalla
1278 Nandiwallas
594 Mahars(males)
594 Mahars(males)
594 Mahars(males)
594 Mahars(males)
595 Indians(cord blood)
(males)
Maharashtra
Maharashtra
Maharashtra
Western Maharashtra
Marathwada
Chanda
other districts, Vidarbha
area
Aurangabad
56
64
Hb
Gd
RESULTS
AD=12(4.6), AS=O, F=O
gdef=32(14.3), AS=43(19.2), gdef+AS=2
gdef=33(5.6), AS=32(5.5), gdef+AS=3
gdef=22(8.0), AS=20(7.3), gdef+AS=3
gdef=O, AS=O
gdef=87(7.9), AS=95(8.6), gdef+AS=8
AD=1{1.8)
gdef=2(3.1)
GENE
FREQUENCIES
qD= .025
qS=.100
qS=.030
qS=.042
qS=.047
qD= .009
qdef=.031
29 Gd gdef=1{3.4) qdef=.034
33
80
126
Gd
Hb
Gd
141 HbGd
361 HbGd
131 HbGd
371 HbGd
551 Gd
gdef=2(6.1)
AF=2(2.5), A2=1{ 1.3)
gdef=5(4.0)
gdef=O, sickle=3(21.4)
gdef=O, sickle=3(8.3)
gdef=5(38.5), sickle=9(69.2)
gdef=5(13.5), sickle=9(24.3)
gaef=7( 12.7)
qdef=.061
qbTh=.019
qS=.107
qS=.042
qdef=.385
qS=.346
qdef=.135
qS=.122
qdef=.127

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
I I I
INDIA
595 Indians(cord blood) Aurangabad 451 Gd 1 gdef=5(11.1)
(fema1es)
647 Indians(cord blood) Poona 1901 Gd I gdef=14(7.4) I qdef=.074
(males)
647 Indians(cord blood) Poona 1721 Gd I gdef=18(10.5)
(fema 1es)
1278 Nandiwallas(Patils. Wadapur f. Indapur, Poona 1261 ThGd I A2=1. A2F=2. gdef=5(4.0) I qbTh=.012
Chougules. Komtis. District
and Danndivallas)
299 Mahar Talodf. Chandrapur District 138 Hb sickle=13(9.4) qS=.047
299 Madia Talodi. Chandrapur District 137 Hb sickle=9(6.6) qS=.033
299 Kunbi Talodl. Chandrapur District 176 Hb sickle=9(5.1) qS=.026
299 Teli Talodl. Chandrapur District 158 Hb sickle=8(5.1) qS=.025
299 Bengali Talodi. Chandrapur District 92 Hb sickle=5(5.4) qS=.027
299 Gond Talodi. Chandrapur District 72 Hb sickle=4(5.6) qS=.028
299 Banjara Talodi. Chandrapur District 59 Hb sickle=3(5.1) qS=.025
299 Gowari Talodi. Chandrapur District 36 Hb sickle=2(5.6) qS=.028
1545 Mahar Maharashtra 304 Hb AS=4(1.3) qS=.007
1546 Indians Maharashtra 34 Hb A=34 qA= 1.00
1545 Other castes Maharashtra 51 Hb AS=1(2.0) qS= .010
1065 Deshastha Regvedi Maharashtra 76 HbGd gdef=1( 1.3). AS=O. F=O qdef=.013
Brahmin(males)
1065 Chandra Seniya Maharashtra 961 HbGd I gdef=2(2.1). AS=O, F=O I qdef=.021
Kayastha Pabhu(males)
1065 Maratha(males) Maharashtra 13 Gd gdef=O
1065 Maratha Maharashtra 45 Hb AS=O. F=O
1065 Nava-Budha(males) Maharashtra 51 HbGd gdef=O. AS=O. F=O
1065 Bhils(males) Maharashtra 215 Gd gdef=16(7.4)
I qdef=.074
1065 Bh i 1s Maharashtra 186 Hb AS=16(8.6). F=O qS=.043
97

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
I I I
INDIA
1065 Pawras(males) Maharashtra 87
1
98
Gd 1 gdef=3(3.4) Iqdef=.034
1065 Pawras Maharashtra 122 Hb AS=27(22.1). F=2(1.6) qS = . 111
qbTh=.008
1065 Katkaris(males) Maharashtra 77 Gd gdef=6(7.8) qdef=.078
1065 Katkaris Maharashtra 131 Hb AS=8(6.1), F=O qS=.031
1065 Parsis(males) Maharashtra 133 HbGd gdef=23(17.3). AS=O, F=O qdef=.173
1426 Madias Maharashtra 90 HbGd gdef=13(14.4), AS=18(20.0) qS=. 10
1425 Nava-Budha. Maratha Maharashtra 1720 Hb AS=128(7.4), S=2(0.1), AD=2(0. 1) qS=.038
and Scheduled castes qD=.0006
(males)
1000 Indians(males) Sevaram. Maharashtra 273 Gd gdef=16(5.9)
1000 Indians(females) Sevaram. Maharashtra 167 Gd gdef=9(5.3)
I qdef=.059
1000 Indians Sevaram. Maharashtra 440 Hb AS=32(7.3) qS=.036
1798 Bhi 1 Baroda District 220 Hb sickle=38(17.3) qS=.086
1743 Sindhis and Gujaratis 150 HbTh AH=1(0.7), ,AD=1(0.7), AE=1(0.7) qaTh=.007
qD=.003
qE=.003
I
169 Hindus(males) Maharashtra 35 Gd gdef=O
169 Hindus (fema 1es) Maharashtra 8 Gd gdef=2
169 Konkan Hindus(males) Saraswats, Maharashtra 10 Gd gdef=2(20.0) I qdef=.200
169 Konkan Hindus Saraswats. Maharashtra 5 Gd gdef=1
(fema 1es)
568 Maharashtrians Bombay 381 Gd gdef=4( 1.0) I qdef=.OlO
(males)
568 Maharashtrians Bombay 281 Gd gdef=2(0.7)
(females)
1559 Mahars(males) Bombay 200 Gd gdef =1( 0 . 5 ) qdef=.005
1348 Indians(males) Bombay 219 Gd gdef=12(5.5) qdef=.055
1348 Indians(females) Bombay 282 Gd gdef=16(5.5)
875 Khojas(from GUjerat) Bombay 200 Gd gdef=4(2.0) I qdef=.020
(males)

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
I I I
INDIA
874 Khojas(from GUjerat) Bombay 189
99
Hb 1
AD=2( 1.1)
875 Bohras(from GUjerat) Bombay 200 1 Gd gdef=O
(males)
874 Bohras(from Gujerat) Bombay 179
875 Moplahs(from Kerala) Bombay 2001 Gd gdef=O
(males)
I qD=.005
Hb I A=179 qA= 1.00
I
874 Moplahs(from Kerala) Bombay 153 Hb I A=153
1
I qA=l.OO
875 Misgars(from Bombay 200 Gd gdef=1(0.5) qdef=.005
Maharashtra)(males)
874 Misgars(from Bombay 1531 Hb I A=153 I qA= 1 .00
Maharashtra)
875 Other Muslims(males) Bombay 200 Gd gdef=4(2.0) qdef=.020
874 Other Muslims Bombay 180 Hb A=180 qA= 1.00
169 Indians(males) Bombay 81 Gd gdef=6(7.4) qdef=.074
169 Indians(females) Bombay 29 Gd gdef=9(31.0)
1789 Indians(leprosy) Bombay 50 Gd GdB=50
499 Indians Bombay 438 Th Barts>7%=5. Barts.5%=4 I qaTh= .010
1847 Goan Catholics 118 Th A2=5(4.3) qbTh=.022
(Saraswat Brahmin)
1847 Chitrapur Saraswats 101 Gd gdef = H 1 .0) 1 qdef= .010
(males)
1847 Chitrapur Saraswats 202 Th A2=12(5.9) qbTh=.030
1847 Gaud Saraswats(males) Bombay 87 Gd gdef=1(1.1) qdef= .011
1847 Guad Saraswats Bombay 154 Th A2=4(2.6) qbTh=.013
1847 Cutchi Lohanas(males) 62 Gd gdef=2(3.2) qdef=.032
1847 cutchi Lohanas 1211 HbTh I A2=13(10.7). AJ=HO.8). AD=1(0.8) qbTh=.054
AL=1(0.8) qJ= .004
qD=.004
1962 Cutchi Lohanas Bombay 2371 Hb I AD=2. AJ=1. AL=1
I
qL=.004

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
INDIA
1847 Halai Lohanas 116 HbTh A2=20(17.2). AD=2(1.7). AL=1(0.9) I qbTh=.086
qD= .009
qL=.004
1962 Halai Lohanas Bombay
100
2531 Hb I AD=3. AJ=1. AL=1
1847 Halai Lohanas(males) Bombay 32 Gd gdef=O
1847 Sindhis Lohanas 52 Gd gdef=4(7.4) I qdef=.074
(males)
1847 Sindhis Lohanas 133 HbTh A2=8(6.2). AD=1(1.1) IqbTh=.031
qD=.004
1962 Goghari Lohanas Bombay 108 Hb AD=1. DbTh=1. AL=1
1847 Punjabi Khatris 98 Gd gdef=8(8.1) I qdef=.081
(males)
1847 Punjabi Khatris 194 HbTh A2=10(5.2) qbTh=.026
AD=3(1.5) qD=.075
1847 Mixed Sindhis(males) 38 Gd gdef =1( 2 .6) qdef=.026
1847 Mixed Sindhis 701 HbTh I A2=5(7.1). AD=2(2.9). AL=1(1.4) qbTh=.036
qD= .014
qL=.007
1558 Audich Brahmins Bombay 200 Hb AD=2(1.0) 1 qD= .005
(from GUjerat)
171 Audich Brahmins Bombay 141 Gd gdef=5(3.5) I qdef=.035
(from GUjerat)(males)
1558 Lad Vania(from Bombay 200 Hb A=200 I qA=1.00
Rajasthan)
171 Lad Vania(from Bombay 128 Gd gdef =1( 0.8 ) I qdef=.008
Rajasthan)(males)
1558 Visa Oswal(from Bombay 200 Hb A=200 I qA=1.00
Rajasthan)
171 Visa Oswal (from Bombay 107 Gd gdef=3(2.8) I qdef=.028
Rajasthan)(males)
1347 Bhanushali(from Bombay 374 Gd gdef=43(11.5) I qdef=.115
Jamnagar)(males)
1347 Bhanushali(from Bombay 218 Gd gdef=5(2.3)
Jamnagar)(females)
I

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
INDIA
1347 Bhanushall(from Bombay 296 Th A2=37/F=6/A2F=7(16.9) I qbTh=.084
Jamnagar)
229 Gaud Saraswat Bombay 154 Th A2=4(2.6) I qbTh=.013
Brahmins
229 Gaud saraswat Bombay 87 Gd gdef = 1( 1 . 1 ) I qdef= .01 I
Brahmlns(males)
229 Gaud Saraswat Manlpal 1 13 Th A2=HO.9) I qbTh=.004
Brahmins
229 Gaud Saraswat
Brahmins(males)
Manlpal 87 Gd gdef=O
229 Saraswat Brahmins Chltrapur 202 Th A2=12(5.9)
I qbTh=.030
229 Saraswat Brahmins
(males)
Chltrapur 101 Gd gdef =1( 1 . 0 ) qdef= .010
229 Goan Catholics Chitrapur 118 Th A2=5(4.3) I qbTh=.021
229 Goan Cathollcs(males) Chltrapur 64 Gd gdef=O
168 Deshastha Rigvedl Western India 159 Gd gdef=3( 1.9) I qdef=.019
Brahmin(males)
168 Deshastha Yajurvedl Western India 157 Gd gdef =1(0 . 6 ) I qdef=.006
Brahmln(males)
168 Chitpavan Brahmin Western India 138 Gd gdef=1 (0.7) I qdef=.007
(males)
168 Goan Saraswat(males) Western India 521 Gd I gdef=O
1065 Chitpavan Brahmin Maharashtra 81 HbGd gdef =HI. 2 ) . AS=O. F=O I qdef=.012
(males)
169 Indian Christians Bombay i2 Gd gdef=O
(males)
169 Indian Christians Bombay 1 Gd gdef=O
(females)
169 Others(males) Bombay 21 Gd gdef=4(19.0) I qdef=.190
169 Others(fema Ies) Bombay 6 Gd gdef=1
170 Parsees(males) Bombay 100 Gd gdef=19(19.0) I qdef=.190
170 Parsees(females) Bombay 116 Gd gdef=15(12.9)
101

REF.
NO. POPULATION
INDIA
1650 Bnai Israel Jews
from Bombay
1855 Bna1 Israel Jews
from Bombay(males)
1962 Halai Lohanas
1962 Cutchi Lohanas
1962 Goghari Lohanas
1273 Indians(cord blood)
2127 Indians(cord blood)
1660 Indians from Bombay
981 Koli
1852 Sorathis
2135 Bhils
2135 Gamit
2135 Dubla
2135 Koli
2135 Naika
2135 Dhodia
2135 Dhanka
1776 Brahm i ns
1776 Lohana
1546 Indians
PLACE
Israel
Israel
Bombay
Bombay
Bombay
Bombay
Bombay
Uganda
Western India
near Palgar GUjerat
Panshmahal District,
GUjerat
Surat District, GUjerat
Surat District. GUjerat
Surat District, GUjerat
Surat District, GUjerat
Surat District, GUjerat
Broach District, Gujerat
GUjerat
GUjerat
GUjerat
1964 Anavil Brahman Caste Surat District, GUjerat
1964 Leva Patidar Caste Kheda District, Gujerat
102
NUMBER
TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS
172
102
253
237
108
438
240
326
30
326
206
207
211
182
174
213
215
203
603
4
53
150
Th
Gd
Hb
Hb
Hb
Hb
Th
Hb
Gd
Hb
Hb
Hb
Hb
Hb
Hb
Hb
Hb
Hb
Hb
Hb
Hb
Hb
A2=20/F=5/A2F=4(16.9)
gdef=2(2.0)
AD=3(1.2).AJ=1,AL=1
AD=2(0.8),AJ=1,Al=1
AD=2( 1.9) .Al=1
Barts=5
Barts or AH=1
AD=2(0.6). AJ=1
GdKalyan=1(3.3)
5=17(5.2), AS=82(25.2)
AS=32( 15.5)
sickle=65(31.4) 5=2
AS=20(9.5)
AS=8(4.4)
sickle=28(16.1)
AS=38(17.8)
S=3( 1.4), AS=41( 19.1)
sickle=O
AD=5, AJ=2, AL=3
A=4
sickle=O
sickle=O
GENE
FREQUENCIES
qbTh=.084
qdef=.020
qD= .0
qD=.O
qD=.O
qD=.003
qJ=.002
qS=.178
qS=.078
qS=.157
qS=.047
qS= .022
qS=.080
qS=.089
qS=.109
qD=.004
qJ=.002
ql=.002
qA=1.00
2039 Indians Diu, Gujerat 379 Hb AS=1(0.3), AD=2(0.5) qS=.001
qD=.003

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
INDIA
2058 Vania Soni GUjarat 265 Hb AD=2(0.8), A2=2(0.8) IqD=.O
qbth=.O
2058 Vania Soni GUjerat 267 Gd gdef=O
88 BhanushaIi uamnagar
88 Bhanusha Ii uamnagar 115 Gd gdef=26(22.6) I qdef=.113
88 Bhanushali(females) uamnagar 85 Gd gdef = 12 ( 14. I )
88 Non-Bhanushali(males) uamnagar 68 Gd gdef=4(5.8) I qdef=.029
88 Non-Bhanusha 1 i uamnagar 32 Gd ,gdef=2(6.2)
(fema les)
1545 Indians Rajasthan
"-
103
23 Hb A=23 qA= 1.00
1546 Indians Rajasthan 17 Hb A=17 qA= 1.00
1003 Garasia Rajasthan 181 Hb AS=2(1.1) qS=.006
1003 Garasia Rajasthan 157 Th bTh=15(9.6) qbTh=.048
1003 Damor Rajasthan 160 Hb A=160
1003 Damor Rajasthan 152 Th bTh=12(7.9) qbTh=.039
1003 Gameti Rajasthan 146 Hb AS=1(O.7) qS=.003
1003 Gomet i Rajasthan 135 Th bTh=10(7.4) qbTh=.037
1003 Adivasi Rajasthan 115 Hb AS=4(3.5) qS= .017
1003 Adivasi Rajasthan 105 Th bTh=6(5.7) qbTh=.029
1003 Mina Rajasthan 205 Hb AS=9(4.4), SS=1(0.5) qS=.027
1003 Mina Rajasthan 165 Th bTh=7(4'.2) qbTh=.021
1003 Bhi 1 Rajasthan 208 Hb AS=12(5.8) qS=.029
1003 Bhi 1 Rajasthan 198 Th bTh=6(3.0) qbTh=.015
1005 Bhil Udaipur, South Rajasthan 235 HTGd AS=12(4.2), A2=7(2.9), gdef=17(16.3) qS=.025
qbTh=.014
1394 Bhil(males)(tribal) Kotra Tehsil Area, Udaipur 184 HbGd A=184, gdef=32(17,4) qdef=.174
1394 Bhil(females)(tribal) Kotra Tehsil Area, Udaipur 130 HbGd A=130, gdef=21(16.2)

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
I I I
INDIA
1394 Bhil(males) Kotra Tehsil Area. Udaipur 631 HbGd I A=63, gdef=2(3.2) I qdef=.032
(nontribal)
1394 Bhi 1(females) Kotra Tehsil Area, Udaipur 37 HbGd A=37, gdef=O
1004 Mina Kherwara Tehsil, Udaipur 140 Hb AS=6(4.3) qS=.021
867 Indians Uttar Pradesh 709 Hb D=1(0.2), AD=3(0.4) qD= .004
1545 Indians Uttar Pradesh 352 Hb A=352 qA= 1.00
1546 Indians Uttar Pradesh 193 Hb A=193 qA=1.00
230 Danukh Mainpuri District, Uttar 335 Hb sickle=32(9.6) qS=.048
Pradesh
1372 Indians Agra, Uttar Pradesh 250 Hb A=250 qA=1.00
1303 Indians(anemic) Agra. Uttar Pradesh 410 HbTh OsmRes=7( 1.7). AE=1(0.2) qE=.OO1
1375 Indlans(males) Agra 246 Gd gdef=31( 12.6) qdef=.126
1375 Indians(females) Agra 77 Gd gdef=9( 11.7)
636 Indians Uttar Pradesh 235 Hb A=235
1303 Indians Western Uttar Pradesh 102 Hb A=102
104
I qA=1.00
1907 Indians Uttar Pradesh 709 HbTh AD=3(0.4). DFA2=Ho.1) qO=.002
1742 Hindus Punjab 100 Hb AD=1(1.0) qD=.005
1742 Sikhs Punjab 250 Hb AD=3(2.4) qD= .006
255 Sikhs Northwest India 279 Hb D=1(0.4). AD=4(1.4) qD= .011
14 Indians(males) North India 862 Gd gdef =14 ( 1 . 6 ) qdef=.016
14 Indians(females) North India 143 Gd gdef=O
14 Indians(children with North India 45 Gd gdef=1(2.2) I qdef=.022
hyperbilirubinemia)
(males)
14 Indians(children with North India 421 Gd I gdef=1
hyperbilirubinemia)
(femal es)
14 Indians(leprosy North India 3401 Gd I gdef=5(1.5) I qdef=.015
patients)(males)

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
I I I
INDIA
14 Indians(leprosy North India 681 Gd I gdef=O
patients)(females)
14 Indians(TB patients) North India 2341 Gd 1 gdef=6(2.6) I qdef=.026
(males)
14 Indians(TB patients) North India 25 1 Gd 1 gdef=O
(females)
14 Indians(with North India 406 1 Gd 1 gdef=5
miscellaneous
diseases)
16 Bhantus(from Uttar Andaman Islands 1221 Hb I slckle=O
Pradesh)
582 Indians Punjab 8501 Hb I AD=8, AS=8, AM=2. AH=2 I qD= .005
qS=.OO5
qM=.OOi
qaTh=.044
1907 Indians(Brahmin) Punjab 129 Hb AD=1(O.8) qD=.004
637 Indians(males) Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh 420 Gd gdef=14(3.3) qdef=.033
(natlves)
637 Indians(femal es) Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh 1731 Gd \ gdef=4(2.3)
(natives)
637 Indians(males) Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh 34 7 1 Gd I gdef=15(4.3) I qdef=.043
(non-natives)
637 Indians(females) Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh 891 Gd I gdef=3(3.3)
(non-natives)
895 Thakur( ma Ies) Uttar Pradesh 94
895 Banaras Brahmans Uttar Pradesh 133 1 Gd gdef=3(2.3) qdef=.023
(males)
1087 Indians(males) New Delhi 362
1926 Indians(females) New Delhi 17 1 Gd gdef=1(5.9)
105
Gd 1 gdef=4(4.3) Iqdef=.043
Gd Igdef=10(2.8)
1926 Indian(Males)
(newborn)
(Hyperbilirubinemia)
New DeIhl 41\ Gd \ gdef=18(43.9)
1926 Indians(Females) New Delhi 24\ Gd \ gdef=8(33.3)
(newborn)
(Hyperbilirubinemia)
I qdef=.028
I qdef=.189

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
I I I
INDIA
1926 Indians(newborn New Delhi 30 1 Gd I gdef=2(6.7) I qdef=.034
males)
1545 Indians Punjab and Hariana 278 Hb A=278 I qA= 1.00
1088 Indians North India 126 Hb sickle=O
1907 Indians(Brahmin) Delhi 15 Hb IID=1(6.7) qD=.033
1907 Indians Jammu & Kashmir 15 Hb AD=1(6.7) qD= .033
500 Bengalee Hindu(males) 224 Gd gdef=9(4.0) qdef=.040
500 Others(males) 92 Gd gdef=2(2.2) qdef=.022
1546 Indians Delhi. Punjab, Kashmir 66 Hb AD= 1( 1 .5) qD=.008
1744 Hindus and Sindhis Punjab 215 Gd gdef=6(2.8) qdef=.028
(males)
1743 Hindus Punjab 1231 HbTh I F=l. AD=1(0.8) I qF=.004
qD= .004
1744 Sikhs(males) Punjab 94 Gd gdef=2(2.1) qdef=.021
1743 Sikhs Punjab 378 Hb 0=1(0.3). AD=5(1.3) qD=.009
255 Indians Punjab 13 Hb AD=1(7.7)
1271 Indians(males) Delhi 1171 Gd gdef=16( 1.4) I qdef=.014
1271 Indians(females) Delhi 845 Gd gdef=6(0.7 )
583 Punjabis Chandigarh 1000 Hb AD=7(0.7), AL=l(O.1) qD= .0035
1031 Indians(males) Chandigarh 1650 Gd gdef= 118 qdef=.071
1905 Indians(males) Chandigarh 150 Gd gdef=4 qdef=.027
106
Indians(males) Chandigarh 1800 Gd gdef=122(6.8) qdef=.068
(total)
1031 Indians(females) Chandigarh 350 Gd gdef=20
1905 Indians(females) Chandigarh 133 Gd gdef=6
Indians(femal es) Chandigarh 483 Gd gdef=26(5.4)
(total)
1552 Sikh and Hindu Chandigarh 1401 Hb 1 AS=3(2.1) I qS=.Ol

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
I I I
INDIA
1552 Sikh and Hindu Chandigarh
107
140\ Hb I AS=3(2.1) I qS= .011
1906 Brahmin(males) Chandlgarh. LUdhiana 72 Gd gdef=2(2.8) qdef=.028
and Patiala
i906 Khattri(males) Chandigarh. Ludiana 78 1 Gd I gdef=3(3.8) I qdef=.038
and Patiala
1906 Arora(males) Chandigarh, LUdiana 511 Gd I gdef=2(3.9) I qdef=.039
and Patiala
1906 uat(males) Chandigarh, Ludiana 121\ Gd I gdef=4(3.3) I qdef=.033
and Pat ial a
557 Indians Ludhiana, Punjab 91
Gd I
1
gdef=3(3.3)
557 Indians(with enteric
fever)
Ludhiana, Punjab 90 Gd gdef=9(10.0)
25 Hindus(males) Allahabad, Uttar Pradesh 202 Gd gdef=4j(20.8) qdef=.208
25 Muslims(males) Allahabad, Uttar Pradesh 76 Gd gdef=17(22.3) qdef=.223
25 Christians(males) AIIahabad, Uttar Pradesh 12 Gd gdef=2( 16.6) qdef=.166
25 Hindus(females) Allahabad, Uttar Pradesh 87 Gd gdef=27(30.9)
25 Musl ims(females) Allahabad, Uttar Pradesh 27 Gd gdef=12(44.4)
25 Christians(females) Allahabad, Uttar Pradesh 64 Gd gdef=15(23.3)
256 Indians(normal) Allahabad 1020 Gd gdef(hom)=50(4.9), gdef(het)=20(i.95) qdef=.0588
256 Indians(with cancer) Allahabad 226 Gd gdef(hom)=9(3.92). gdef(het)=4(1.76) qdef=.0487
256 Indians Allahabad 34 Gd gdef(hom)=2(5.88). gdef(het)=O qdef=.0588
(with jaundice)
25 North Indians(males) Allahabad, Uttar Pradesh
25 North Indians Allahabad, Uttar Pradesh 45 Gd gdef=16(35.5)
(females)
25 South Indians(males) Allahabad, Uttar Pradesh 108
245\ Gd I gdef=44(17.9) I qdef=. 179
1
Gd I gdef=41(37.9)
25 South Indians Allahabad, Uttar Pradesh 70 Gd gdef=13(18.5)
(females)
I qdef=.379
1346 Indians Allahabad 7551 Hb 1 AD=2(0.3), AE=l I qD=.OOl
qE=.OOl

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
INDIA
1062 Bhulia(weavers) Orissa Hb sickle=(8.0)
1062 Dumal Orissa Hb sickle=(7.4)
1062 Dhibar(fisherman) Orissa Hb sickle=(3.3)
1062 Kumbhar(potters) Orissa Hb sickle=(7.0)
1062 Badhi(carpenters) Orissa Hb sickle=(7.1)
1062 Dhoba(washerman) Orissa Hb sickle=(13.3)
1062 Bhandari (barbers) Orissa Hb sickle=(4.8)
1546 Indians Bihar and Orissa 25 Hb A=25 I qA= 1.00
1545 Indians Orissa 101 Hb I AS=1 qS=.050
473 Indians Uttar Pradesh and Bihar 18
1545 Indians Bihar 57 1 Hb A=57 qA= 1.00
109
Gd Igdef=2(11.1)
506 Indians Dhanbad, Bihar 2000 Hb sickle=9(0.5) qS=.002
.472 Indians Bihar 54 Hb A=54 qA=1.00
1174 Oraons Bihar 100 Hb sickle=O
1102 Oraons Bihar 56 Hb sickle=O, A=56 IqA=1.00
Oraons(total) Bihar 156 Hb sickle=O
1174 Kharias Bihar 23 Hb sickle=O
863 Indians(coal miners) Bihar 152 Hb sickle=1(0.7)
1907 Indians(Rajput) Bihar 143 Hb AE=f(0.7) I qE=.003
1137 Ho(Munda) Singhbhum District, Bihar 100 Hb sickle=1( 1.0) I qS=.005
1848 Hindus(newborn) Haryana 500 Gd gdef=2(0.4)
1063 Indians(children) Chota Nagpur, Bihar 410 Hb AS=23(8 .0), 5=1(0.2) I qS=.030
1624 Indians(children) Orissa 200 Gd gdef=22(11.0)
1624 Indians(with sickle Orissa 50 HbGd gdef=14(28.0)
cell anemia)
58 Navayat Hyderabad 97 HTOv A2=41(42.0), AS=O. Ov=O. H=O. F=7(7.2) I qbTh=.247

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
I
INDIA
1373 Indians(males) Orissa 182 Gd gdef=14(7.7) I qdef=.077
1373 Indians(females) Orissa 118 Gd gdef=5(4.2)
163 Oriahs from Orissa Assam 1001 Hb I sickle=15(15.0)
I qS=.075
163 Griza Oriahs from
Orissa
Assam 100 Hb sickle=29(29.0) qS=.145
1907 Indians Orissa 14 Hb AD=4(28.6) IqD=. 143
1625 Indians(children) Berhampur, Orissa 140 Gd gdef=14( 10.0) qdef=.100
(males)
1625 Indians(children) Berhampur, Orissa 60 Gd gdef=8(13.3)
(females)
1907 Indians(Brahmin) West Bengal 59 Hb E=1 qE= .017
1829 Brahmin from Bengal Great Britain 188 . Hb AD=1(0.5), AE=1, EbTh= 1, EE=1 qE=.011
1829 Kayastha from Bengal Great Britain 269 Hb AE=7(2.6) qE=.013
1829 Vaisya from Bengal Great Britain 88 Hb AE=1, AD=1
1829 Other Ind1ans Great Britain 57 Hb AE=1
481 Anglo-Indians Kharagpore, West Bengal
1136 Duley Hooghly District, West 69 Hb sickle=O
Bengal
1136 Tentulia Bagdi Hooghly District, West 891 Hb I sickle=O
Bengal
231 Rarhi Brahmin Caste Hooghly District, West 1001 Hb I sickle=O
Bengal
231 Musl ims Hooghly District, West 1001 Hb I sickle=O
Bengal
472 Indians Bengal 10000 Hb sickle=O
381 Indians Calcutta 400 Hb sickle=O
110
891 HbTh 1 F=O, A=89 I qA=1.00
472 Indians Bengal 700 HbTh OsmRes=26(3.7), E=2(0.3), AE=25(3.6) IqE=.021
1975 Indian(cord blood) Bengal 100 Th Barts=4(4.0) qaTh=.020
581 Rajbanshi Midnapur, Jalpaiguri and 300 Hb sickle=O
Cooch Behar

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTEO SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
I I I
INOlA
581 Padmaraj(Pods) 24-Parganas. Bengal 100 Hb sickle=O
581 Mahishyas 24-Parganas. Bengal 60 Hb sickle=O
808 Brahmins(males) Bengal 115 HTGd AE=4(3.5), AD=2(1.7). A2=1(0.9). Gd(B)=109 I qE=.017
GdB(int)=2. GdB-=4(3.5) qD=.009
qbTh=.004
qdef=.052
808 Kayasthas(males) Bengal 1201 HTGd 1 AE=3(2.5), AD=2(1.7). A2=2(1.7), GdB= 115 IqE=.013
GdB-=5(4.2) qD=.008
qbTh=.008
qGdB-=.042
808 Vaidyas(males) Bengal 711 HbGd I AE=1(1.4), AD=1(1.4), GdB=67, GdB(int)=1 qE=.007
GdB-=3(4.2) qD=.007
qGdB-=.02
808 Vaidyas(males) Bengal 261 HbGd 1 AE=I(3.8), GdB=25. GdB-=1(3.8) qE=.019
qGdB-=.038
808 Other castes(males) Bengal 1321 HTGd 1 AE=2(1.5). AD=3(2.3), A2=1(0.8). GdB=124 qE=.008
GdB(int)=2. GdB-=6(4.5) qD= .011
qbTh=.004
qGdB-=.045
808 Musl ims(males) Bengal 261 HTGd I AE=1(3.8). A2=1(3.8), Gd8=23. GdB{int)=1 qE=.019
GdB-=2(7.6) qbTh=.019
qGdB-=.076
822 Santals Midnapore District, 102 HbTh AE=1(0.98). A2=4{2.92) qE=.0049
West Bengal
qbTh=.0196
477 Santals Midnapore District, 336 Hb AS=4(1.2) qS=.006
West Bengal
822 Bhumij Mundari Midnapore District, 951 HbTh 1 AE=O. A2=8(8.42) I qbTh=.042i
West Bengal
476 Santals(Families) Midnapore, West Bengal 119 Hb AS=2 Families(i.7)
236 Santals Ajodhya Hills. Purul ia 12 Hb AS=2( 16.7) I qS=.083
District, West Bengal
1426 Santals Bengal 77 HbGd gdef=6{7.8). AS=O
822 Santals Midnapore District, 102 HbTh AE=1(1.0), A2=4{3.9) I qE=.005
West Bengal qbTh=.020
822 Bhumij Midnapore District, 95 HbTh AE=O, A2=8(8.4) I qbTh=.042
West Bengal
111

REF.
NO. POPULATION
INDIA
1373 Orissa(nontribal
males)
1373 Drissa(nontribal
females)
1695 Hindu
1695 Muslim
580 Laoras
1065 Santhals(males)
2034 Indians(bTh major)
28 Bengalis(families
with EbTh)
27 Bengalis
27 Bengalis
232 Bengalis
232 Bengalis
(with malaria)
PLACE
Cuttack, Calcutta
Cuttack, Calcutta
South 24-Paraganas
West Bengal
West Bengal
West Punjab, Pakistan
Calcutta
Calcutta
Calcutta
Ajodhya Hills, Purulia
District
Ajodhya Hilla, Purulia
District
112
NUMBER
TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS
182
118
176
163
Gd
Gd
Hb
Hb
1021 Hb
1641 HbGd
341 HbTh
53/ HbTh
2051 HbTh
2051 Th
51 Hb
71 Hb
gdef=14(7.7)
gdef=5(4.2)
AS"7(4.0)
AS"3(1.8)
AE"1(1.0)
gdef=23(14.0), AS=O, F=O
bTh(hom)=32, EbTh=1, SbTh=1
EbTh=13(24.5), AE=14(26.4), bTh=17(32.1)
AE"7(3.4); A2=18(8.8)
AE"7(3.4), bTh=18(8.8)
AS=1(20.0)
F=1(14.3)
578 Brahmin(cord blood) Calcutta 88 Th Barts=O
GENE
FREQUENCIES
qdef=.077
qS=.020
qS=.009
qE=.005
qdef=.140
qS=.015
qE=.015
qE= .017
qbTh=.044
qE= .017
qbTh=.044
qS=.100
qbTh".071
578 Kayastha(cord blood) Calcutta 101 Th Barts=H 1.0) qaTh=.005
578 Vaidya(cord blood)
578 Lower Castes(cord
blood)
578 Non-Bengali(cord
blood)
578 Muslims(cord blood)
325 Bengali
474 Bengali(males)
Calcutta
Calcutta
Calcutta
Calcutta
Calcutta
Calcutta
12
450
63
6
207
56
Th
Th
Th
Th
Hb
Gd
Barts=O
Barts=5(1.1)
Barts=1
Barts=1
AE"44(21.3), EE"4, Th(het)=118(57.0), ET=3.
Th(hom)=1
gdef=2(3.6)
qaTh=.006
qaTh=.008
qaTh=.083
qE=.133
qTh=.297
qdef=.036

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
I I I
INDIA
474 Benga1 i (fema1es) Calcutta 26 Gd gdef=2(7.7)
473 Bengal 1 Calcutta 103 Gd gdef=4(3.9)
473 Musl ims Calcutta 17 Gd gdef=1(5.9)
473 Other groups Calcutta 10 Gd gdef=O
1545 Indians West Bengal 65 Hb AE=1(1.5) qE=.008
1546 Indians West Bengal 41 Hb AE=1 qE=.012
Indians(total) West Bengal 106 Hb AE=2(1.9) qE=.009
1377 Bengalis(patients) Calcutta 12300 Hb S=2 qS=.001
479 Brahmin Calcutta 235 Hb A=235 qA= 1.00
479 Kayasthas Calcutta 229 Hb AE=6(2.6) qE=.013
479 Vaidyas Calcutta 129 Hb AE=1(0.8) qE=.004
478 Chinese Calcutta 566 Hb A=566 qA= 1.00
525 Indians Paris 312 HbTh AD=2(0.6). A2=6(1.9). F=1(0.3) qbTh=.011
573 Rajbanshi Assam 164 Hb AE=65(39.6). E=25(15.2) qE=.351
573 Garo Assam 135 Hb AE=50(37 .0). E=42(31.1) qE=.496
573 Rabha Assam 128 Hb AE=71(55.5). E=33(25.8) qE=.535
573 Kachari Assam 131 Hb AE=62(47.3). E=41(31.3) qE=.550
573 Lalung Assam 114 Hb AE=58(50. 1). E=22(19.3) qE=.447
573 Mikir Assam 131 Hb AE=36(27.5). E=8(6. 1) qE=.198
1545 Indians Assam 8 Hb E=1. AE=1 qE=.187
1907 Indians Assam 34 Hb AE=2. E=2 qE=.088
716 Khasi(males) Nongpoh District, Shillong 100 Gd gdef=7(7.0) qdef=.070
716 Khasi Nongpoh District, Shillong 140 HbTh A2=4(2.9). E=6(4.3). AE=51(36.4) qbTh=.014
qE=.225
716 Ahom(males) Dibrugarh 130 Gd gdef=7(5.4) qdef=.054
716 Ahom Dibrugarh 129 HbTh A2=2(1.6). E=15(11.6). AE=60(46.5) qbTh=.008
qE=.349
113

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
I I I
INDIA
716 Assamese(males) Gauhati 1851 Gd Igdef=8(4.3) qdef=.043
716 Assamese Gauhati 182 HbTh A2=10(5.5). E=5(2.7), AE=29(15.9), qbTh=.027
AD=1(0.5) qE=. 107
qD=.003
574 Assamese Dibrugarh, Assam 133 Hb AE=26( 19.6). E=5(3.8) qE=.135
574 Ahom Sibsagar, Assam 89 Hb AE=37(41.6) • E=5(5.6) qE=.264
574 Ahom Dibrugarh, Assam 181 Hb AE=84(46.4). E=20(11.0) qE=.342
574 Kachari Dibrugarh, Assam 155 Hb AE=76(49.0) , E=41( 26.4) qE=.510
(14-25 yrs)
574 Kachari Dibrugarh, Assam 200 Hb AE=97(48.5). E=57(28.5) J qE=.528
(males over 40 yrs)
574 Kachari Dibrugarh, Assam 2001 Hb I AE=103(51.5), E=47(23.5) I qE=.492
(females over 40 yrs)
716 Kachari(males) Gauhat i 51 HbGd I gdef=1, E=1. AE=4 qdef=.200
qE=.600
585 Kachari(females) Upper Assam 200 Hb AE=103(51.5). E=47(23.5) qE=.492
586 Kachari Upper Assam 400 Hb AE=200(50.0) , E=104(26.0) qE=.510
475 Totos Totapara, Assam 116 Hb AE=23(19.8) qE=.099
465 Meitei Manipuris Imphal, Manipur 203 Hb AE=23(11.3), E=3(1.4) qE=.071
1838 Angami Nagas(males) Kohima 85 Gd gdef=23(27.1) qdef=.271
1'838 Angami Nagas(females) Kohima 65 Gd gdef=10(15.4)
BANGLADESH
1555 Bengal i Musl ims Dacca, Bangladesh 150 Gd gdef=6(4 .0), gdef(partial)=10(16.7) I qdef=.040
(males)
1555 Bengal i Musl ims Dacca, Bangladesh 200 Hb AS=1, S=7, E=1 I qS=.020
qE=.OO2
1328 Bengalis(males) 4 Gd gdef=O
1702 Bengalis(males) 141 Gd gdef=2
114
Bengalis(males) 145 Gd gdef=2(1.4) I qdef=.014
(total)

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
I I I
BANGLADESH
473 Muslims(with anemia) Calcutta 424 Hb E=50( 11.8), AE=25(5.9) qE=.147
473 Bengalis Calcutta 10000 Hb DE=1, AD=9(0.2), D=6 qD=.001
BHUTAN
824 Bhutanese Thimbu District 31 HbTh A2=O, AE=2(6.5) qE=.016
824 Bhutanese Lunana 67 HbTh A2=O, A=67 qA= 1.00
1417 Bhutanese Western region 47 Hb AE=2(4.3) qE=.021
1417 Bhutanese Central region 66 Hb AE=1(1.5) qE=.007
1417 Bhutanese Eastern region 176 Hb AE=8(4.5) qE=.023
SIKKIM
1406 Bhotia Northwest Sikkim 79
1406 Gurung Northwest Sikkim 72 1 Hb A=72
1406 SUbba Northwest Slkklm 6s1 Hb I A=68
1406 Sherpas Northwest Sikkim 181 Hb I A=18
1406 Lepchas Northwest Slkklm 1s1 Hb I A=18
1406 Rals Northwest Slkklm
':1
115
Hb IAE=2(2.6) I qE=.013
Hb I A=19
1406 Tamangs Northwest Sikkim Hb I A=9
1406 Newar Northwest Slkk1m 25 Hb I A=25
1406 Chetri Northwest Sikkim 105 Hb A=105
1406 Hindus(Sharma) Northwest Sikkim 53 Hb AE=1(2.1) I qE=.01
NEPAL
473 Nepalese Calcutta 134 HbTh A2=1S(13.4) I qbTh=.067
473 Nepalese Calcutta 25 Gd gdef=2(S.0)
473 Nepalese(males) Calcutta 30 Gd gdef=3(10.0) qdef=.100
472 Nepalese Calcutta 109 Hb AE=1(0.9) qE=.005
1472 Nepalese Pokhara, Nepal 14 Hb A=14 qA= 1.00
254 Gorkhas from Nepal Poona, Maharashtra 200 Hb A=200 qA= 1.00

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION
NEPAL
9 Thamang TrIbe
PLACE TESTEO SYSTEM
J Hb
RESULTS FREQUENCIES
9 Nepal i Kathmandu \ Th I bTh"12, EbTh=l, AH=l, aTh=6
9 Nepal I Blratnagar Th bTh=3, AH=l
117
IAEo>( 1.3) COO7
866 Nepali(GOrkha
soldIers)
1198 Hb AE =5 (0.04) ,
AJ=2(0.02)
AD=4(0.03) , ANorfolk=5(0.04) I qE=.002
qD= .002
qNrfk=.002
qJ=.0008
525 Nepalese Paris 411 HbTh I A=41, A2=O, F=O
PAKISTAN
1328 Pakistanis(males) Rawalpindi 67 Gd gdef=O
1328 Pakistanis(males) Hazara and Campbellpore 45 Gd gdef=4(8.9) I qdef=.089
1328 Paklstanls(males) Mardan, Jhelum, Azad 39 Gd gdef=O
KashmIr, Attock,
Abbottabad, Mianwali
1328 Pakistanis(males) Sialkot, Gujrat, 34\ Gd I gdef=O
Sargodha, Lahore,
GUjranwala, Lyallpore
1702 Pakistanls(males) Punjab 185 Gd gdef=5(2.7) I qdef=.027
1702 Pathans(males) Pakistan 85 Gd gdef=4(4.7) I qdef=.047
1951 Mohmand Pathans Peshawar 35 ThGd gdef=3(8.6), A2=1(2.9) qdef=.086
(males) qbTh=.014
1951 Khal i 1 Pathans(males) Peshawar 30 ThGd gdef=2(6.7) , A2=2(6.7) qdef=.067
qbTh=.033
1951 Mohammadzai Pathans Peshawar 16 HTGd gdef=2(12.5), A2=1(6.3), AD=1(6.3) qdef=.125
(males) qbTh=.031
qD=.031
1951 other Pathans(males) Peshawar 33 ThGd gdef=2(6.1), A2=1(3.0) qdef=.061
qbTh=.015
1951 Others Peshawar 15 ThGd gdef=2, A2=0
305 Brahui Northwest Pakistan 4 Hb AD=l qD=.125
305 Sindi Northwest Pakistan 6 Hb AJ=l qJ=.083
305 Baluchi Northwest Pakistan 9 Hb AD=2 qD= . 111
I

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION
PAKISTAN
305 Pathans
PLACE
Northwest Pakistan
TESTED SYSTEM
18 Hb AJ=2. JD=l
RESULTS
Cos,
FREQUENCIES
qD=.028
305 Others Northwest Pakistan 181 Hb I A=18
1701 Pakistanis(males) Lahore 450 Gd gdef=(2-3)
118
"-
IqA= 1.00
473 Pakistanis(males) Karachi 196 Gd gdef=1O(5. 1) qdef=.051
1702 Pakistanis(males) 45 Gd gdef=1(2.2) qdef=.022
1186 Bangladeshans 231 Hb I AE=2(8.7) qE=.043
1186 Pakistanis Karachi 761 Hb 1 AS= 1( 1. 3) qS=.007
896 Pakistanis Karachi 12241 HbTh 1 AD=8. AC=2. AS=1. bTh=18(1.4) qbTh=.007
896 Pakistanis Karachi 12241 Th 1 F>1%=353(28.8)
896 Pakistanis(with Karachi 353 Th F(1-2%)=265(75.1). F(2-3%)=67(19.0).
elevated Hb F) F(3-5%)=19(5.4). F>5%=2(0.6)
1328 Pakistanis(males) Sind and Karachi 7 Gd gdef=O
694 Pakistani(blood Karachi 610 HbTh AD=5, AC=2. AS=1. A2=16(2.6) I qbTh=.013
donors)
694 Pakistani(blood Karachi 400 Th F=171(42.8)
donors)(anemia)
896 Pakistani Karachi 1224 Hb AD=8. AC=2. AS=1, bTh=18(1.4),F=262(21.4)
1328 Pakistanis(males) India 251 Gd 1 gdef=1(4.0) qdef=.040
1851 Pakistani Armed Allahabad, India 5000 Hb I AD=21(0.4), AE=9(0.2), E=1(0.2). AS=9(0.2) qD=.002
Forces 1 AK=3(0.06) qE=.001
qS=.0009
qK=.0003
525 Pakistanis Paris 671 HbTh I AS=1(1.5), AD=2(3.0), A2=2(3.0). F=O I qbTh=.015
qD=.015
qS=.007
I
AFGHANISTAN
1551 Pushtu(males) Kabul 103 Gd GdB=102, gdef=1(1.0) qdef=.01
1551 Dari(males) KabUl 177 Gd GdB=171. gdef=6(3.4) qdef=.034
806 Afghans Kabul 3871 HbTh I A2=3(0.8), A=387 qbTh=.004
qA= 1.00

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
I
IRAN
2137 Iranians Fars District Except 89 Gd gdef=10(11.2)
Shiraz
2138 Mamassanl(males) Southwest Iran 69 Gd gdef=14(20.3)
2138 Mamassani(females) Southwest Iran 44 Gd gdef=3(6.8)
175 Iranians Kazerun Gd gdef=(7.5)
175 Iranians Yazd Gd gdef=(2.5)
175 Parsi Yazd
340 Zoroastrlans(males) Yazd and Tehran 1461 Gd gdef=O
120
Gd 1 gdef=( 1.0)
175 Moslems Esfahan I Gd I gdef=(9.0)
175 Jews Esfahan I Gd I gdef=(14.0)
175 Moslems Kermanshah I Gd I gdef=(19.0)
175 Jews Kermanshah I Gd I gdef=(29.0)
175 Kurds Kermanshah Gd gdef=(25.0)
I qdef=.203
900 Moslems(males) Tehran 557 Gd gdef=55(9.9) I qdef=.099
900 Moslems(females) Tehran 288 Gd gdef=29( 10. 1)
900 Jews(males) Tehran 108 Gd gdef=13(12.0) I qdef=. 120
900 Jews(females) Tehran 207 Gd gdef=35(16.9)
900 Armenians(males) Tehran 102 Gd gdef=15(14.7) I qdef=. 147
900 Armenlans(females) Tehran 122 Gd gdef=15(12.3)
749 Iranians(males) Tehran 409 Gd gdef=41( 10.0)
749 Iranians(females) Tehran 454 Gd gdef=23(5.1)
I qdef=.100
1641 Iranians Tehran 12,000 HbTh A2=300(2.5), AC=3, AD1=76(0.6). AE=5, qbTh=.013
AS=57(0.5), AD2=1, AL=1, AQ=5, AJ1=3. qAD1=.003
AJ2=1 qS=.002
1643 Iranians(patients Tehran 400 HbTh A2=70( 17 .5) . 5=3, AS=17, SD= 1. C=1. AJ=1 qbTh=.088
with anemia) qS=.026
570 Iranians(pedlatric Tehran 370 Gd gdef=158(42.7)
service)

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
I I I
IRAN
901 Iranians(with favism) Caspian Littoral 135/4441 Gd I gdef=(30.4)
(females/males)
901 Iranians(with favism) Gilan District, 95/5301 Gd I gdef=(17.9)
(females/males) Caspian Littoral
901 Iranians(with favism) Mazanderan District 75/234 Gd gdef=(32.1)
(fema I es/ma I es) Caspian Littoral
175 Iranians Caspian Littoral Gd gdef=(25.0)
901 Iranians(with favism) Caspian Littoral 318 HbTh A2=12(3.8), AD=2(0.6) I qbTh=.019
qD= .002
194 Iranians(with favism) Rasht 104/552 Gd gdef=(18.8)
(females/males)
194 Iranians(with favism) Guilan 266/8131 Gd I gdef=(32.7)
(females/males)
1502 Guilanians(males) 42 Gd gdef=2(4.8)
1502 GUilanians(females) 57 Gd gdef=3(5.3)
194 Iranians(with fav1sm) Mazanderan 144/399 Gd gdef=(36.1)
(females/males)
1502 Mazandarians(males) 39 Gd gdef=5(12.8)
1502 Mazandarians(females) 53 Gd gdef=O
175 Iranians Meshed Gd gdef=(7.5)
121
I qdef=.048
I qdef=.128
1182 Kurds(males) Kurdlstan 184 HTGd gdef=4(2.2), F=2/A2F=4(3.3). AD=3(1.6) I qdef=.022
qbTh=.016
qD= .008
2112 Kurds(males) Marivan-Baneh District 77 Gd gdef=5(6.5) qdef=.065
2112 Kurds(males) Sanandaj and Bija 105 Gd gdef=3(2.9) qdef=.029
Districts
339 Armenians from New uulfa, Isfahan 152 Gd gdef=1(O.7) I qdef=.007
Soviet Armenia(males)
339 Armenians from New uulfa. Isfahan 11 I Gd I gdef=O
Soviet Armenia
(fema I es)
1495 Iranian Patients Gorgan and Khorasan 1211 Th I OsmRes=43(35.5)
Provinces

REF.
NO . POPULATI ON
IRAN
1495 Turkmen Patients
1495 Baluchi Patients
1650 Persian Jews
1855 Iranian Jews(males)
1855 Persian Jews from
West Iran(males)
1855 Persian Jews from
Central Iran(males)
507 Persian Jews from
Saqqez(males)
507 Persian Jews from
other cities(males)
PLACE
Gorgan and Khorasan
Provinces
Gorgan and Khorasan
Provinces
Israel
Israel
Israel
Israel
Israel
Israel
507 Persian Jews(females) Israel
1645 Iranians
1177 Kurds(males)
1177 Kurds(males)
1177 Kurds(males)
1177 Kurds(males)
1177 Kurds
828 Kurdish Jews(males)
1101 Turkoman(males)
1101 Turkoman(females)
Marivan. Iranian Kurdistan
Baneh. Iranian Kurdistan
Sanandaj, Iranian
Kurdistan
Bija, Iranian Kurdistan
Iranian Kurdistan
Gonbad
Gonbad
1101 Persian and Gizilbash Northern Gorgan
Turkis(males)
i101 Persian and Gizilbash Northern Gorgan
Turkis(females)
1101 Mazandarani-Persian
(males)
122
NUMBER
TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS
71
8
182
557
45
370
9
11
9
20000
Th
Th
Th
Gd
Gd
Gd
Gd
Gd
Gd
Hb
381 Gd
391 Gd
341 Gd
711 Gd
1841 HbTh
57
82
73
21
Gd
Gd
Gd
Gd
OsmRes=29(40.8)
OsmRes=3
A2=4/F=0/A2F=1(2.7)
gdef=84(15.1)
gdef=20(44.4)
gdef=40(10.8)
gdef=3(33.3)
gdef=2(18.2)
gdef=O
AHamadan=1
GdB-=2(5.3). GdB=36
GdB-=3(7.7), GdB=36
GdB-=1(2.9). GdB=33
GdB-=2(2.8). GdB=G9
AD=3(1.6), A2=7(3.8). F=2(1.1)
GdB=35. gdef=22(38.6)
gdef=H 1.2)
gdef=1(1.4)
gdef=3(14.3)
23 Gd gdef(lnt)=1(4.3)
GENE
FREQUENCIES
qbTh=.014
qdef=.151
qdef=.444
qdef=.108
qdef=.333
qdef=.182
qGdB-=.053
qGdB-=.077
qGdB-=.029
qGdB-=.028
qD= .008
qbTh=.024
qdef=.386
qdef=.012
qdef=.143
South Gorgan. Behshahrsarl 28 Gd gdef=5(17.9) qdef=.179

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
I I I
IRAN
1101 Mazandarani-Perslan South Gorgan, Behshahrsarl 251 Gd 1 gdef='1(4.0)
(females)
1101 Mazandarani-Persian Bahol, Shahi, and Amol 32 1 Gd I gdef='4(12.5) I qdef='.125
(males)
1101 Mazandarani-Persian Bano l , Shahi, and Amol 31 1 Gd I gdef(int)='2(6.4), gdef=' 1( 3 . 2 ) 1 qdef='.064
(females)
1101 Gi I iak i Persian Shasavar, Rudsar. Rudbar, 431 Gd 1 gdef=,7(i6.3) I qdef='.163
(males) Rasht, Langarud, Lahljan,
and Bandar-Pahlav
1101 Giliaki Persian Shasavar, Rudsar, Rudbar, 43 1 Gd I gdef(int)='2(4.6), gdef='1(2.3) I qdef='.046
(fema I es) Rasht, LangarUd, Lahijan,
and Bandar-Pahlav
1101 Turkis(males) Tavalesh, Astara 31 Gd gdef='2(6.4) qdef=.064
1101 Turkis(females) Tavalesh, Astara 30 Gd gdef(int)=1(3.3) qdef= .017
1101 Iranians 461 Hb AO='1(0.2),O=1(0.2) qO=.003
1642 Iranians 30000 HbTh bTh='300( 1.0)
1314 Iranians Northern Iran 3561 Hb AOPunjab='2, AS='1, AbTh='2, A?=1
2137 Iranians(males) Iran 358 Gd gdef=35(9.8)
2137 Iranians(females) Iran 198 Gd gdef=' 12(6.1)
123
I qdef='.098
525 Iranians Paris 639 HbTh AS='3(0. 5), AO='4(0. 6), A2='12( 1.9), F='3(0.5) I qS=,.002
qO='.003
qbTh='.012
I I I
IRAQ
87 Arabs(cord blood) Baghdad 207 1 Gd I gdef=19(9.2) I qdef=.092
(males)
87 Arabs(cord blood) Baghdad 1911 Gd I gdef='16(8.4)
(females)
87 Kurds(cord blood) Baghdad 1061 Gd I gdef=8(7.5) I qdef=.075
(males)
87 Kurds(cord blood) Baghdad 851 Gd I gdef='8(9.4)
(females)
87 Kurds(males) Baghdad 1051 Gd I gdef='8(7.6) I qdef='.076

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
IRAQ
87 Arabs(males) Baghdad 282 Gd gdef=27(9.6) Iqdef=.096
87 Turkoman(cord blood) Baghdad 60 Gd gdef=4(6.7) qdef=.067
(males)
87 Turkoman(cord blood) Baghdad 45 Gd gdef=3(6.7)
(females)
87 Turkoman(males) Baghdad 82 Gd gdef =5(6.1) I qdef=.061
87 Chaldean(cord blood) Baghdad 68 Gd gdef=5(7.4) I qdef=.074
(males)
87 Chaldean(cord blood) Baghdad 53 Gd gdef=5(9.4)
(females)
87 Chaldean(males) Baghdad 63 Gd gdef=6(9.5) I qdef=.095
87 Assyrian(cord blood) Baghdad 39 Gd gdef=4(10.3) I qdef=. 103
(males)
87 Assyrian(cord blood) Baghdad 35 Gd gdef=3(8.5)
(females)
87 Assyrian(males) Baghdad 31 Gd gdef=4(12.9) I qdef=. 129
1855 Iraqi Jews(males) Israel 902 Gd gdef=224(24.8) I qdef=.248
1855 Iraqi Jews from Israel 286 Gd gdef=70(24.5) I qdef=.245
Baghdad(males)
1855 Iraqi Jews from Israel 34 Gd gdef=18(53.0) I qdef=.530
Mosul, Erbil and
Kirkuk(males)
507 Kurdish Jews from Israel 106 Gd gdef=71(67.0) I qdef=.670
Zakho(males)
507 Kurdish Jews from Israel 27 Gd gdef=24(88.9) I qdef=.889
Amadiyah(males)
507 Kurdish Jews from Israel 13 Gd gdef=10(76.9) I qdef=.769
Dohuk(males)
507 Kurdish Jews from Israel 9 Gd gdef=4(44.4) I qdef=.444
Sandor(males)
507 Kurdish Jews from Israel 6 Gd gdef=2(33.3) I qdef=.333
Mosul(males)
507 Kurdish Jews from Israel 7 Gd gdef=3(42.9) I qdef=.429
Arbil(males)
124

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
I
IRAQ
507 Kurdish Jews from Israel 66 Gd gdef=45(68.2) I qdef=.682
other cities(males)
507 Kurdish Jews from Israel 47 Gd gdef=29(61.7)
Zakho(females)
507 Kurdish Jews from Israel 6 Gd gdef=4(66.7)
Amadiyah(females)
507 Kurdish Jews from Israel 5 Gd gdef=3(60.0)
Dohuk(females)
507 Kurdish Jews from Israel 3 Gd gdef=1(33.3)
Sandor(females)
507 Kurdish Jews from Israel 53 Gd gdef=24(45.3)
other cities(females)
1855 Kurdish Jews from Israel 59 Gd gdef=21(35.6) I qdef=.356
Mosul, Erbil, Kirkuk
and West Iran(males)
1855 Kurdish Jews from Israel 1261 Gd I gdef=89(70.6) I qdef=.706
Zahko, Dahok, Sindor
Amadia, and No. Iraq
(males)
828 Kurdish Jews(males) 14 Gd GdB=6, gdef=8(57.1) I qdef=.571
880 Iraqi ( ma 1es ) Baghdad 267 Gd gdef=38(12.4) I qdef=.124
880 Iraqi(females) Baghdad 359 Gd gdef=35(8.8)
61 Iraqi(males) Ashar, Abu-al-Khasib Dist. 180 Hb AS=5(2.8) I qS=.014
61 Iraqi (females) Ashar Abu-al-Khasib Dist. 168 Hb AS=O
61 Iraqi(males) Old Basrah town 105 Hb AS=5(4.8) I qS=.024
Abu-al-Khasib District
61 Iraqi (females) Old Basrah town 72 Hb AS=3(4.2) I qS=.042
Abu-al-Khasib District
61 Iraqi(males) Muhaijran 76 Hb AS=12(15.8), 5=3(3.9) I qS=.118
Abu-al-Khasib District
61 Iraqi(females) Muhaijran 66 Hb AS=15(22.7), 5=2(3.0) I qS=.143
Abu-al-Khasib District
61 Iraqi (males) Hamdan, Abu-al-Khasib Dist. 87 Hb AS=12(13.8), 5=3(3.4) I qS= . 103
125

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
IRAQ
61 Iraqi(females) Hamdan, Abu-al-Khasib Oist. 109 Hb AS=19(17.4), S=5(4.6) I qS=.133
61 Iraq i (ma 1es ) Sangar, Abu-al-Khasib Dist. 118 Hb AS=14(11.9), S=2(1.7) I qS=.076
61 Iraqi(females) Sangar, Abu-al-Khasib Dist. 79 Hb AS=9( 11.4), S=1(1.3) IqS=.070
61 Iraqi(males) Abu-mughira 96 Hb AS=6(6.3) qS=.031
Abu-al-Khasib District
61 Iraqi(females) Abu-mughira 75 Hb AS=7(9. 3), S=3(1.8) I qS=.087
Abu-al-Khasib District
525 Iraqi Paris 114 HbTh AD=1(0.9) , A2=3(2.6), F=1(0.9) I qD=.004
qbTh=.018
IRAQ AND TURKEY
1855 Kurdish Jews from Israel 196 Gd gdef=114(58.2) I qdef=.582
Kurdistan
1650 Kurdish Jews from Israel 110 Th A2=7!F=2!A2F=13(20.0) I qbTh=.100
Kurdistan
KUWAIT
58 Arabs(patients) 5161 Hb sickle=99(1.9) I qS= .010
1427 Arabs Kuwait 500 Hb AC=3(0.6) I qC= .003
BAHRAIN ISLAND
763 Arabs and Indians 373 HbTh A2=9(2.4), S=2(0.5), AS=43(1'.5), AD=1 I qbTh=.012
qS=.063
qD= .001
I
UNITED ARAB EMIRATES
97 Arabs Abu-Dhabi. United Arab 476 Gd gdef = 121(25.4)
Emirates
1051 Arabs(males) Abu-Dhabi 100 Gd gdef=10(10.0) qdef=.100
1051 Arabs Abu-Dhabi 5001 Hb 1 AS=12(2.4) qS=.012
2173 Abu Dhabians 1291 Hb AS=29(2.2) qS=.011
OMAN
2173 Omani 724 Hb AS=37(5.1) I qS=.026
126

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
SOUTH YEMEN
1282 Audhal i 234 HbTh A2=5(2.1). AS=3(1.3). AG=2(0.9) I qbTh=.011
qS=.006
309 Habbanite Jews(from
Habban and Beida)
Israel 606 Hb A=606
qG= .004
I qA= 1.00
309 Habbanite Jews Israel 514 Th F=41/A2=18(11.5) / qbTh=.057
309 Habbanite Jews(males) Israel
309 Habban i te Jews Israel 288 Gd gdef=6(2.1)
(fema I es)
YEMEN
127
284/ Gd / gdef=5(1.8) qdef=.Oi8
177 Yemenite Jews Israel 761 Th I A2=7(9.2) I qbTh=.046
2215 Yemenite Jews(cord Israel 18i Th Barts=32(17.7) qaTh=.088
blood)
2215 Yemenite Jews Israel 100 Th A2F=2(2.0) qbTh= .010
877 Yemenite Jews Israel 7561 Th I Barts=13i(17.3) qaTh=.087
1855 Yemen and Aden Jews Israel 415 Gd gdef=22(5.3) qdef=.053
(males)
630 Yemen Jews Israel 104 Hb sickle=O
828 Yemen Jews(males) 37 Gd GdB=34. gdef=3(8.1) qdef=.08i
302 Yemenite Jews(males) Israel 7i Gd GdA= i ( 1 . 4 1 ) . GdB=66. GdB-=4(5.63) qGdB-=.0563
qGdA=.0141
525 Yemeni Paris 651 HbTh 1 AS=1(1.5). A2=i(1.5). F=O qS=.008
qbTh=.008
2173 South Yemeni 6511 Hb I AS=9(i.4) qS=.007
1174 Arabs 1ii I Hb 1 sickle=2(1.8) qS=.009
1174 Zabidis Achdam. Western Province i14 Hb sickle=26(22.8) qS=.114
SAUDI ARABIA
1573 Qatif Shiite Arabs Eastern Saudi Arabia 1000 Hb AS=240(24.0). I qS=.120
(infants)
788 Arabs(males) Qatif Oasis 1i6 Gd gdef=51(44.0) I qdef=.440

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
I I I
SAUDI ARABIA
788 Arabs(females) Qatif Oasis 67 Gd gdef=17(25.4)
789 Arabs(males) Safwah village, Qatif 31 Gd gdef=11(35.5) I qdef=.355
Oasis
789 Arabs Safwah village, Qatif 81 Hb sickle=1( 1.2) I qS=.006
Oasis
789 Arabs(males) Al Ajam village. Qatif 72 Gd gdef=22(30.6) I qdef=.306
Oasis
789 Arabs Al Ajam village. Qatif 120 Hb sick I e= 10(8.3) I qS=.042
Oasis
789 Arabs(males) Saihat village, Qatif 38 HbGd gdef=15(39.5). sickle=15(39.5) qdef=.395
128
Oasis qS=.197
789 Arabs(males) Anik village. Qatif 17 Gd gdef=3(17.6) qdef=.176
Oasis
789 Arabs Anik village, Qatif 33 Hb sickle=7(21.2) I qS=. 106
Oasis
789 Arabs(males) Tarut village, Qatif 40 Gd gdef=14(35.0) I qdef=.350
Oasis
789 Arabs Tarut village, Qatif 96 Hb sickle=16(16.7) I qS=.083
Oasis
789 Arabs(males) Qatif village, Qatif 70\ HbGd I gdef=19(27.1). sickle=15(21.4) qdef=.271
Oasis qS=.107
1178 Shi'i Arabs Qat if Oasis 3941 Hb I S=2(0.5), AS=97(24.6) qS=.128
1178 Sunni Arabs Qatif Oasis 22 Hb AS=1(4.5) qS=.023
787 Arabs(males) Qatif Oasis 111 Gd gdef=38(34.2) qdef=.342
787 Arabs(males) Safwah. Qatif Oasis 51 Gd gdef=33(64.7) qdef=.647
787 Arabs(males) Al Ajam. Qatif Oasis 104 Gd gdef=68(65.4) qdef=.654
1580 Sunni(town)(males) Qat i f 252 HbGd sickle=23(9.1), gdef=30( 11 .9) qdef=.119
1580 Shiah(oases)(males) Qatif 174 HbGd sickle=52(29.8). gdef=74(42.5) qdef=.425
1580 Bedu Qatif 100 HbGd sickle=O, gdef=O
1580 Western Saudis Qatif 811 HbGd I sickle=3(3.6), gdef =1( 1 . 2 ) I qdef=.012

R'EF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
I I I
SAUDI ARABIA
1580 Nejd Saudis Qatif 42 HbTh sickle=2(4.8), gdef=3(7.1) qdef=.071
1580 Nejran Saudis Qatif 38 HbTh sickle=O, gdef=2(5.3) qdef=.053
1580 Arabs Qat i f 2341 Hb AS=467(19.9), SS=37(1.58), SbTh=6(0.25), qS= . 117
AC=7(0.29)
1580 Arabs Qatif 266 Th bTh=4(1.5) qbTh=.008
1580 Arabs QatH 345 Th Barts=182(52.8) qaTh=.264
788 Arabs(males) Hasa Oasis 65 Gd gdef=13(20.0) qdef=.200
788 Arabs(females) Hasa Oasis 38 Gd gdef=4(10.5)
789 Arabs(males) HUlailah village, Hasa 110 HbGd gdef=31(28.2), sickle=13( 11.8) qdef=.282
Oasis qS=.059
789 Arabs(males) Jafr village, Hasa 14 Gd gdef=4(28.6) qdef=.286
Oasis
789 Arabs Jafr village, Hasa 28 1
Oasis
129
Hb I sickle=9(32.1) IqS=.161
789 Arabs(males) Jishshah village, Hasa 27 1 Gd I gdef=9(33.3) I qdef=.333
Oasis
789 Arabs Jishshah village, Hasa 721 Hb I sickle=7(9.7) I qS=.049
Oasis
1208 Arab Newborns
331
Th 1 Barts=3(9.1) IqaTh=.046
829 Shiites and Sunnites
(males)
al-Hasa oasis 357 Hb AS=50(14.0), S=4(1.1) qS=.081
793 Arabs(males) Oasis Shia and Nonoasis 369 1 Gd 1 gdef=67(18.2) I qdef=. 182
Sunni
1178 Shi'i Arabs Al'Hasa Oasis 65 Hb AS=16(24.6) qS=.126
1178 Sunni Arabs AI'Hasa Oasis 217 Hb AS=26(12.0) qS=.060
787 Arabs(males) AI'Hasa Oasis 64 Gd gdef=3(4.7) qdef=.047
787 Arabs(males) Qarah AI'Hasa Oasis 104 Gd gdef=25(24.0) qdef=.240
787 Arabs(males) Mansurah Al 'Hasa Oasis 92 Gd gdef=49(53.3) qdef=.533
788 Arabs(males) Eastern Province 85 Gd gdef=6(7. 1) qdef=.071
788 Arabs (fema1es) Eastern Province 171 Gd gdef=7(4.1 )

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
I
SAUDI ARABIA
788 Arabs Oases, Eastern Province 130 Hb sickle=28(21.5) I qS=. 108
788 Arabs Eastern Province 22 Hb sickle=O
1581 Arabs(infants) Eastern Saudi Arabia 2341 HbTh AS=467(20.0) , S=37(1.6), SbTh=6(0.2) qS= . 117
AC=7(0.3) qbTh=.OOl
qC= .002
788 Arabs Western Province 80 Hb sick I e= 1( 1 .3) qS=.006
787 Arabs(males) Eastern Province 34 Gd gdef=1(2.9) qdef=.029
1178 Sunni Arabs Eastern Province 831 Hb I AS=6(7.2) qS=.036
(settled on Oases)
1178 Sunni Arabs Eastern Province 79 Hb A=79 I qA= 1.00
(Bedouin Nomads)
667 Saudis Al-Dammam & Khaiber, 1366 Hb AS=14(1.0), SS=18(1.3) 1 qS=.018
Eastern Province
47 Saudis Damman, Eastern Province 2803 Hb AS=188(6.7), SS=15(0.5), Avariant=3 qS=.039
47 Saudis Al Khobar, Eastern Province 16981 Hb 1 AS=75(4.4), SS=10(0.6), Avariant=1 qS=.028
667 Saudis Al-Hafouf, Eastern Provo 15911 Hb I AS=495(31. 1), SS=75(4.7) qS=.203
667 Saudis Al-Qateef, Eastern Provo 5101 Hb 1 AS=128(25.1), SS=12(2.3) qS=.149
47 Saudis Qatif, Eastern Province 11291 Hb I AS=202(17.9), SS=22(1.9), Avariant=5 qS=. 109
667 Arabs Badr, Northwestern Provo 377 Hb AS=26(6.8), SS=6(1.7) qS=.050
667 Arabs Khaiber, Northwestern Provo 576 Hb AS=138(24.0), SS=6(1.) IqS=. 130
667 Arabs AI-Medina, Northwestern 1493 Hb AS=130(8.7), SS=149(10.0) qS=.143
Province
667 Arabs Tabuk, Northwestern Provo 283 Hb AS=5(1.8) qS=.009
667 Arabs QUba, Northwestern Provo 1431 Hb I AS=3(2.1) qS= .010
667 Arabs Abha, Aseer, 856 Hb AS=16(1.9) qS=.009
Southwestern Province
667 Arabs Tamnia, Aseer, 257 Hb AS=2(0.8) I qS=.004
Southwestern Province
667 Arabs Sabia, Tehamat-Aseer, 234 Hb AS=26 ( 11 . 1) , SS=2(0.9) I qS=.064
Southwestern Province
130

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
I I J
SAUDI ARABIA
667 Arabs Abo-Areesh. Tehamat-Aseer, 2301 Hb 1 AS=26(11.3) 1 qS=.057
Southwestern Province
667 Arabs other villages, Tehamat- 8971 Hb 1 AS=119( 13.3), SS=5(0.6) 1 qS=.069
Aseer, Southwestern Provo
787 Arabs(ma1es) Western Province 97 Gd gdef=4(4.1) qdef=.041
1178 Sunni Arabs(sett1ed) Hejaz, Western Province 102 Hb A=102 qA= 1.00
1178 Sunni Arabs(sett1ed) 'Asir, Western Province 30 Hb A=30 qA=1.00
1178 Sunni Arabs(sett1ed) Najran, Western Province 44 Hb AS=2(4.5) qS=.023
1178 Sunni Arabs(sett1ed) Nejd, Central Province 179 Hb AS=2(1.n qS".006
1178 Sunni Arabs(Bedouin West and Central 99 Hb A=99 qA= 1.00
Nomads) Provinces
1178 Arabs Elsewhere 62
131
Hb I AS=6(9.7) I qS=.048
1845 Kuwaiti(newborn) 93 1 Gd gdef=18(19.4) qdef=.194
(males)
1845 Kuwaiti(ma1es)
118/
Gd Igdef=22(18.6) Iqdef=. 186
1845 Jordanians(newborn) 72 Gd gdef=17(23.6) qdef=.236
(males)
1845 Jordanians(ma1es) 70
Gd 1 gdef=16(22.9) Iqdef=.229
1845 Iraqi (newborn and 27 1 Gd gdef=9(33.3) qdef=.333
adu1 t ) (rna 1es)
1845 Lebanese(newborn and 111 Gd 1 gdef = 1( 9. 1 ) 1 qdef=.091
adu1t)(ma1es)
1845 Syrian(newborn and 111 Gd I gdef=4(36.4) I qdef=.364
adu1t)(ma1es)
1845 Saudi (newborn and 61 Gd 1 gdef=4 1 qdef=.667
adu 1t ) ( rna1es )
1845 Other nationalities 531 Gd I gdef=7(13.2) I qdef=.132
(newborn and adult)
(males)
791 Arabs(ma1es) Eastern SaUdi Arabia 80841 Hb 1 AS=872( 10.8), S=51(0.6), AC=6(0.07) qS=.993
C= 1(0.01) qC=.007
792 Arabs(ma1es) 3911 Hb I AS=48( 12.3), S=4(1.0), AC=2(0.5) qS=.072
qC=.003

REF.
NO. POPULATION
JORDAN
1844 Gaza Patients
64 Bedouin Arabs
PLACE
133
NUMBER
TESTED SYSTEM
371 HbTh
3081 Hb
F=2. sickle=O
sickle=1(0.3)
64 Palestine Arabs 111 Hb sickle=O
143 Jordanians(males)
143 Jordanians
525 Jordanians
SYRIA
967 Arabs(patients)
1843 Arabs
2080 Syrians
710 Syrians
966 Syrians(students)
(males)
966 Syrians(students)
(females)
525 Syrians
507 Kurdish Jews from
Qamishliya(males)
Amman
Amman
Paris
Aleppo
Khazramah
Khartoum, Sudan
Nigeria
Aleppo
Aleppo
Paris
Israel
507 Kurdish Jews(females) Israel
ISRAEL
1649 Arabs
877 Arabs(cord blood)
1855 Arabs(males)
629 Palestine Arabs
1638 El Heib Bedouin
Gaza Strip
Northern Israel
5431 Gd
5411 Hb
1031 HbTh
25
20
85
188
134
19
Th
Hb
Th
Hb
Gd
Gd
3341 HbTh
200
264
118
79
71 Gd
RESULTS
GdB=512, GdA=13(2.4), GdB-=9(1.7),
Gd-=9(1.7)
AO=1
AD=1(1.0), A2=O, F"O
F=3(12.0)
sickle=10(50.0)
OsmRes=10( 11.8)
sickle=O
gdef=11(8.2), gdef(int)"14(10.4)
gdef=2(10.5), gdef(int)"3(15.8)
AS"4(1.2), AC"1(0.3), AD"l, A2"3(0.9),
F=1(0.3)
gdef=1( 14.3)
4 Gd gdef"2(50.0)
Hb
Th
Gd
Hb
Hb
AHasharon"6(3.0), B2=2(1.0)
Barts"(5.0)
gdef=12(4.5)
sickle" 1(0. 8)
AC=40(50.6), C=4(5.1)
GENE
FREQUENCIES
qbTh=.027
qS=.002
qGdB-" .017
qGdA=.024
qGd-= .017
qO=.0009
qD".005
qF".060
qS=.250,
qdef".187
qS=.006
qC= .001
qbTh=.006
qdef".143
qHash".015
qB2".005
qdef".045
qS=.004
qC=.304

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
ISRAEL
1855 Kurdish Jews from 591 Gd I gdef=21(35.6) I qdef=.356
Mosul, Erbil. Kirkuk,
Salamaiya and
West Iraq)(males)
(males)
1650 Kurdish Jews from 110 Th A2=7/F=2/A2F=13(20.0) I qbTh=. 100
Iraq
2213 Kurdistan Jews 4 Gd gdef=2(50.0) I qdef=.500
(newborn)(males)
2213 Kurdistan Jews 4 Gd gdef=O
(newborn)(females)
33 Pattish(Kurdish Jews) 47 Th A2=10(2i .3) I qbTh=. 106
33 Eshbol(Kurdish Jews) 37 Th A2=8(21.6) I qbTh=. 108
33 Paamez Tashaz(Kurdish 30 Th A2=10(33.3) qbTh=.167
Jews)
832 Syrian Jews(cord 23 Th Barts=1(4.3) I qaTh=.022
blood)
1855 Jews from Lebanon 80 Gd gdef=5(6.3) I qdef=.063
and Syria(males)
2213 Syrian/Lebanese Jews 23 Gd gdef=O
-(newborn)(males)
2213 Syrian/Lebanese Jews 23 Gd gdef=1(4.4). gdef(het)=3(13.0) I qdef=. 109
(newborn)(females)
1855 Non-Ashkenazim Jews 196 Gd gdef=114(58.2) I qdef=.582
from Kurdistan(males)
1855 Non-Ashkenazim Jews 25 Gd gdef=7(28.0) I qdef=.280
from Caucasus(males)
1855 Non-Ashkenazim Jews 29 Gd gdef=3( 10.3) I qdef=. 103
from Afghanistan
(males)
1855 Non-Ashkenazim Jews 46 Gd gdef=O
from Bukhara(males)
832 Persian and 80 Th Barts=O
Afghanistan Jews(cord
blood)
135

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
I I I
ISRAEL
1855 Persian Jews from 3701 Gd I gdef=40(10.8) I qdef=. 108
Central Iran(males)
1855 Persian Jews from 45 1 Gd 1 gdef=20(44.4) I qdef=.444
Western Iran(males)
1650 Persian Jews 182 Th A2=4/F=0/A2F=1(2.7) I qbTh=.014
1653 Persian Jews 62 Gd gdef=9(14.5)
939 Northern Iraq Jews 51 Gd gdef=36(70.6) I qdef=.706
(males)
939 Urfa Jews(males) 11 Gd gdef=5(45.5) I qdef=.455
313 Babylonian Jews 188 Gd gdef=44(23.4)
832 Iraqi Jews(cord 104 Til Barts=O
blood)
2215 Iraqi Jews(cord 10 5 1 Th 1 Barts=12(11.4) I qaTh=.057
blood)
136
Iraqi Jews (cord 209 1 Th I Barts=12(5.7) I qaTh=.029
blood)(total)
1855 Iraqi Jews from 286 1 Gd I gdef=70(24.5) I qdef=.245
Baghdad(males)
1855 Iraq i Jews' from 34 1 Gd I gdef=18(53.0) I qdef=.530
Mosul, Kirkuk, and
Erbil(males)
1855 Non-Ashkenazim Jews 9021 Gd 1 gdef=224(24.8) I qdef=.248
from Iraq(males)
2213 Iraqi Jews(newborn) 332 1 Gd 1 gdef=84(25.3) I qdef=.253
(males)
2213 Iraqi Jews(newborn) 3061 Gd 1 gdef=20(6.5), gdef(het)=26(8.5) I qdef=.108
(females)
2213 Iranian Jews(newborn) 89 1 Gd I gdef=12(13.5) I qdef=.135
(males)
2213 Iranian Jews(newborn) 691 Gd I gdef=5(7.2), gdef(het)=3(4.4) I qdef=.094
(fema Ies)
1855 Non-Ashkenazim Jews 557 1 Gd I gdef=84(15.1) I qdef=. 151
from Iran(males)

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
I I I
ISRAEL
877 Iraqi-Iranian Jews I Th I Barts=(4.3)
(cord blood)
177 Yemenite Jews 76 Th A2=7(9.2) qbTh=.046
2215 Yemenite Jews 100 Th A2=2/F=2(4.0) qbTh=.020
137
Yemenite Jews(total) 176 Th A2=7/F=0/A2F=2(5.1) qbTh=.026
832 Yemenite Jews(cord 36 Th Barts=3(8.3) qaTh=.042
blood)
877 Yemenite Jews(cord 756 1 Th I Barts=131(17.3) I qaTh=.087
blood)
2215 Yemenite Jews(cord 181 1 Th I Barts=32(17.7) I qaTh=.088
blood)
2215 Yemenite Jews(cord 973 1 Th 1 Barts=166(17.1) I qaTh=.085
blood)(total)
2213 Yemenite Jews 313 1 Gd I gdef=17(5.4) I qdef=.054
(newborn)(males)
2213 Yemenite Jews 3101 Gd I gdef=7(2.3). gdef(het)=9(2.9) I qdef=.037
(newborn)(females)
630 Yemenite Jews 104
Hb I sickle=O
1855 Aden and'Yemen Jews 415 1 Gd gdef=22(5.3) I qdef=.053
(males)
33 Bitha(Yemenite Jews) 51 Th A2=4(7.8) qbTh= .039
33 Peduim(Yemenite Jews) 25 Th A2=3(12.0) qbTh=.060
877 Sephardic Jews(cord Th Barts=(1.9)
blood)
877 Other North African I Th I Barts=(0.8)
Jews(cord blood)
832 North African Jews 1061 Th I Barts=O
(cord blood)
832 Other Jews(cord 65 1 Th 1 Barts=1(1.5) I qaTh=.008
blood)
832 Others(cord blood) 18
Th I Barts=O
916 Jews(with typhoid) 26 1 Gd gdef=5(19.2)

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
I I I
ISRAEL
631 Oriental and 357 Hb A=357 I qA= 1.00
Sephardic Jews
1855 Black Jews from 58 Gd gdef=6(10.3) I qdef=. 103
Cochin(males)
1650 Black Jews from 66 Th A2=8/F=1/A2F=1(15.2) I qbTh=.076
Cochin
1855 Bnai Israel Jews 102 Gd gdef=2(2.0) I qdef=.02
from Bombay(males)
1650 Bnai Israel Jews 172 Th A2=20/F=5/A2F=4(16.9) I qbTh=.084
from Bombay
508 Cochin Jews from Kerala 233 Hb A=233 qA= 1.00
508 Cochin Jews(males) from Kerala 63 Gd gdef=2(3.2) qdef=.032
508 Cochin Jews(females) from Kerala 106 Gd gdef=3(2.8)
2213 Indian-Pakistani Jews 201 Gd gdef=9(4.5) I qdef=.045
(newborn)(males)
2213 Indian-Pakistani Jews 210 Gd gdef =1( 0.5) . gdef(het)=3(1.4) I qdef=.012
(newborn)(females)
2213 Georgian Jews 80 Gd gdef=6(7.5) I qdef=.075
(newborn)(males)
2213 Georgian Jews 80 Gd gdef=2(2.5) I qdef=.025
(newborn)(females)
2213 Turkish Jews(newborn) 234 Gd gdef=10(4.3) I qdef=.043
(males)
2213 Turkish Jews(newborn) 254 Gd gdef=1(0.4). gdef(het)=2(0.8) I qdef=.008
(females)
2213 Bulgarian-Greek Jews 98 Gd gdef=2(2.0) I qdef=.020
(newborn)(males)
2213 Bulgarian-Greek Jews 52 Gd gdef=2(2.4). gdef(het)=2(2.4) I qdef=.036
(newborn)(females)
1.855 Sephardic Jews from 256 Gd gdef=5(2.0) I qdef=.020
Turkey(males)
1855 Sephardic Jews from 152 Gd gdef =1(0.7 ) I qdef=.007
Greece and Bulgaria
(males)
138

REF . NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
ISRAEL
1855 Sephardic Jews from 93 Gd gdef=2(2.2) I qdef=.022
Elsewhere(males)
1855 Falasha Jews from 2081 Gd I gdef=O
Ethiopia(males)
833 Karaite Jews from Hit, Iraq 72 HbTh A=72. Th=O I qA=1.00
833 Karaite Jews(males) from Hit, Iraq 29 Gd gdef=O
833 Karaite Jews(females) from Hit, Iraq 43 Gd gdef=O
1855 Karaites(males) 18 Gd gdef=O
833 Egyptian Karaites 6 HbTh A=6, Th=O I qA= 1.00
833 Egyptian Karaites 1 Gd gdef=O
(males)
833 Egyptian Karaites 51 Gd 1 gdef=O
(fema I es)
833 Egyptian Karaite Jews 250 Gd gdef=O
833 Karaites(mixed) 18 HbTh A=18, Th=O I qA= 1.00
833 Kara ites (m i xed) 11 Gd gdef=O
(males)
833 Karaites(mixed) 7 Gd gdef=O
(females)
1855 Non-Ashkenazim Jews 112 Gd gdef=4(3.6) I qdef=.036
from Egypt(males)
1855 Non-Ashkenazim Jews 1121 Gd I gdef=1(0.9) I qdef=.OO9
from Algeria and
Tunisia(males)
1855 Non-Ashkenazim Jews 2191 Gd I gdef=2(0.9) I qdef=.009
from Libya(males)
1855 Non-Ashkenazim Jews 521 Gd I gdef=O
from Djerba(males)
312 Moroccan Jews(males) 180 Gd gdef=1(0.6) I qdef=.006
312 Moroccan Jews 16 Gd GdAB=l
(fema I es)
2213 North African Jews 1786 Gd gdef=29( 1.6) I qdef=.016
(newborn)(males)
139

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
ISRAEL
2213 North African Jews 1681 Gd gdef=9(0.5). gdef(het)=27(1.6) I qdef.013
(newborn)(females)
1855 Non-Ashkenazim Jews 219 Gd gdef = 1(0. 5 ) I qdef=.005
from Morocco(males)
1650 Non-Ashkenazim Jews 147 Th A2=2/F=2(2.7) I qbTh=.014
from Morocco
1855 Non-Ashkenazim Jews 23 Gd gdef = 1( 4 .3) I qdef=.043
from the Atlas
Moutains. Morocco
(males)
877 Ashkenazi (cord blood) 941 Th Barts=7(0.7) qaTh=.OO4
832 Ashkenazi(cord blood) 253 Th Barts=3( 1.2) qaTh=.006
832 Ashkenazi (cord blood) 1194 Th Barts=10(0.8) qaTh=.004
( tota 1 )
1855 Ashkenazim Jews 819 Gd gdef=3(0.4) Iqdef=.004
2213 Ashkenazi Jews 944 Gd gdef=17(1.8) qdef=.018
(newborn)(males)
2213 Ashkenazi Jews 866 Gd gdef=9( 1.0). gdef(het)=10(1.2) I qdef=.016
(newborn)(females)
2213 Jews(with Israel-born 635 Gd gdef = 17 ( 2 . 7) I qdef=.027
parents) (newborn)
(males)
2213 Jews(with Israel-born 5751 Gd I gdef=4(0.7). gdef(het)=15(2.6) I qdef=.020
parents)(newborn)
(females)
LEBANON
1841 Lebanese 15001 Th I aTh=(3-4)
34
424
Allewits
Lebanese
Tripoli
Beirut
1011
849
Hb
HbTh
Isickle=4(4.0) A2=0/F=4/A2F=16(2.4). As=Ho.1)
qS=.020
qbTh=.012
qS=.0006
1984 Lebanese(males) Beirut 155 Gd gdef=4(2.6) qdef=.026
424 Lebanese North Lebanon 340 HbTh A2=1/F=8/A2F=9(5.3). AS=3(0.8) qbTh=.026
qS=.004
140

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
I
LEBANON
1984 Lebanese(males) North Lebanon 291 Gd 1 gdef=O
424 Lebanese Lebanon Mountains 8631 HbTh I A2=10/F=3/A2F=13(3.0), AS=2(0.2) qbTh=.015
qS=.OOl
1984 Lebanese(males) Lebanon Mountains 210/ Gd / gdef=6(2.9) qdef=.029
424 Lebanese South Lebanon 518 HbTh A2=4/F=6/A2F=10(3.9), AS=1(0.2), AC=1(0.2) qbTh=.019
qS=.001
qC=.OOl
1984 Lebanese(males) South Lebanon 88\ Gd \ gdef=6(6.8) qdef=.068
424 Lebanese Bekaa 368 HbTh A2=2/F=4/A2F=6(3.3), AS=2(0.5) qbTh=.016
qS=.003
1984 Lebanese(males) Bekaa 67\ Gd Igdef=1(1.5) qdef=.015
424 Sunnite Moslems 547 HbTh A2=4/F=8/A2F=12(4.4), AS=3(0.5), AC=1(0.2) I qbTh=.022
qS=.003
qC=.OOl
1984 Sunnite Moslems 97 Gd gdef=6(6.2) I qdef=.062
(males)
424 Shiite Moslems 507 HbTh A2=4/F=3/A2F=7(2.8), AS=4(0.8) qbTh=.014
qS=.004
1984 Sh i ite Mos I ems 101 Gd gdef=5(5.0) qdef=.050
(males)
424 Druzes 202 HbTh A2=5/F=1/A2F=6(5.9). A=202 I qbTh=.030
qA=1.00
1984 Druzes(males) 105 Gd gdef=O
424 Maronite Christians 996 HbTh A2=6/F=7/A2F=13(2.6). AS=l(O.l) qbTh=.013
qS=.0005
1984 Maronite Christians 117 Gd gdef=5(4.3) qdef=.043
(males)
424 Greek Orthodox 452 HbTh A2=1/F=8/A2F=9(4.0), AS=1(0.2) qbTh=.020
Christians
qS=.OOl
1984 Greek Orthodox 87 Gd gdef=1( 1.1) qdef= .011
Christians(males)
1418 Christians(males) 93 Gd gdef =1( 1 . 1 ) I qdef= .011
424 Armenians 234 HbTh A2=1/F=2/A2F=3(2.6), A=234 I qbTh=.013
qA= 1.00
141

REF.
NO. POPULA TI ON
LEBANON
1984 Armenians(males)
1984 Others(males)
525 Lebanese
915 Alawi Moslems
2009 Kurds(males)
CYPRUS
119 Greeks(males)
119 Greeks(cord blood)
1072 Cypriote soldiers
1072 Cypriote soldiers
(males)
2216 Cypriots(males)
145 Greek Cypriots
145 Armenian Cypriot
145 Greek Cypriots
1598 Cypriots(males)
1598 Cypriots
PLACE
Paris
Rajar
Lebanon 8< Syria
Greece
Limassol
Yialousa
Yialousa
NUMBER
TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS
36
6
Gd
Gd
4221 HbTh
3171 HbTh
1651 Gd
3261 HbTh
1761 Th
1561 Th
1551 Gd
310
78
417
Gd
Th
Th
Th
3391 Gd
691 HbTh
gdef=O
gdef=O
A=422, A2=7(1.6), F=O
AS=75(23.7), 5=3(0.9), bTh=7(2.2)
GdB-=3(1.8), GdB(int)=3(1:8), Gdvariant=1
bTh=49(15.0), aTh=14(4.3). AH=2
Barts=21(11.9)
A2=25/F=2/A2F=0(17.3)
gdef=8(5.2)
gdef= 10(3.2)
OsmRes=22(28.2)
OsmRes=l
OsmRes=71 ( 17 .O)
gdef=36(iO.6)
A2=1(1.4), AS=1(1.4)
1598 Cypriots Yialousa 164 Th OsmRes=44(26.8)
1598 Cypriots with Yialousa
abnormal blood films
(26.8%)
1598 Cypriots(males) Syrianochori
23
229
Th
Gd
A2=6(7.0)
gdef=16(7.0)
1598 Cypriots Syrianochori 184 Th OsmRes=48(26.1)
1598 Cypriots with Syrianochori
abnormal blood films
(26.1%)
1460 Greek Cypriots Alithinou, Troodos
Mountains
GENE
FREQUENCIES
qbTh=.008
qS=.128
qbTh=.011
qGdB-=.018
qbTh=.075
qaTh=.021
qaTh=.OGO
qbTh=.08G
qdef=.052
qdef=.032
qdef=.106
qbTh=.007
qS=.007
qbTh=.035
qdef=.070
251 HbTh A2=8(8.4), S=1, AS=1 qbTh=.042
q5=.OGO
65 Th OsmRes=31(47.7)

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
I I I
TURKEY
40 Turks(cord blood) Istanbul 97\ Th I A2=0
41 Turks(cord blood) Istanbul 104 HbTh Barts=O, A=104 qA= 1.00
41 Turks(infants) Istanbul 73 HbTh Barts=O, A=73 qA= 1.00
42 Turks Istanbul 166 Gd gdef= 1(0.6)
1797 Greeks(males) Istanbul 37 Gd gdef=O
1797 Greeks(fema Ies) Istanbul 70 Gd gdef=O
1797 Jews(males) Istanbul 29 Gd gdef=O
1797 Jews(fema I es) Istanbul 64 Gd gdef=O
1797 Armenians(males) Istanbul 44 Gd gdef=O
1797 Armenians(females) Istanbul 57 Gd gdef=O
2080 Armenians Khartoum, Sudan 59 Th OsmRes=16(27.1)
609 Turks(with bTh) 153 Th A2= 122(80.0). F=11(7.n, aTh=13(8.5)
dTh=5, 'silent'bTh=2
459 Turks(males) Ankara 300 Gd gdef=O
459 Turks Ankara 900 HbTh A2=15( 1. 7), AS=3(0. 3), AD=1, AE=1 I qbTh=.008
qS=.002
qD=.001
qE=.001
I
462 Turks Ankara 1154 Th A2=24(2.0)
462 Turks(newborns) Ankara 200 Th Barts= 1(0. 5) I qaTh=.0025
462 Turks Ankara 1354 Hb AS=6(0.44) • AE=1. AD=2, B2=1
1797 Turks(newborns) Ankara 1000 Gd gdef=5(0.5) I qdef=.005
(males)
1797 Cyprus Turks(males) 2001 Gd 1 gdef=7(3.5) Iqdef=.035
39 Eti-Turks Samandag, Antakya 123 HbTh A2=1(0.8), 5=1(0.8), AS= 16( 13.0), AE=3(2.4) qbTh=.004
qS= .073
qE=.012
938 Kurdish Jews from Israel 167 Gd gdef=60(35.9) I qdef=.359
Urfa(males)
938 Kurdish Jews from Israel 102 Th OsmRes=10(9.8)
Urfa
144
\

REF-. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
I I I
TURKEY
1855 Sephardic Jews from Israel 256 1 Gd I gdef=5(2.0) I qdef=.020
Turkey(males)
507 Kurdish Jews from Israel 51 Gd I gdef=4(80.0) I qdef=.800
Jazirah(males)
507 Kurdish Jews from Israel 11 I Gd I gdef=10(90.9) I qdef=.909
Diyarbakir & Cermik
(males)
507 Kurdish Jews from Israel 21 1 Gd I gdef=8(38.1) I qdef=.381
Urfa(males)
;.' I 507 Kurdish Jews from Israel 51 Gd I gdef=2(40.0) I qdef=.400
other cities(males)
507 Kurdish Jews(females) Israel 9 Gd gdef=4(44.4)
1797 Kurdish Turks(males) Diyarbakir 208 Gd gdef=4( 1.9) qdef=.019
460 Turks Diyarbakir 1000 Th A2'=1 qA2'=.0005
1797 Turks(males) Rize(Coruh) 109 Gd gdef=O
1797 Turks(females) Rize(Coruh) 43 Gd gdef=O
2126 Turkish Soldiers 104 Gd gdef =1( 1 .0) I qdef= .010
(males)
46 Turks
145
4001 Hb I AD=1 I qD=.0013
35 Turks Southwest Turkey 440 HbTh A2=1, OsmRes=1, AS=1 qbTh=.001
qS=.001
35 Turks Southeast Turkey 3301 HbTh 1 A2=1(0.3), AS=1 I qbTh=.002
qS=.002
35 Turks Elsewhere 5781 Hb I S=3, E=2 I qS=.005
qE=.002
45 Turks Southern Turkey 2401 HbTh 1 A2=1, AD=1 1 qbTh=.002
qD= .002
32 Turks Mersin 181 Hb sickle=25(13.8) qS=.069
32 Turks Catalkel i 195 Hb sickle=25(12.8) qS=.064
33 Eti-Turks Mersin 131 Hb S=?, AE=1(0.8) qE=.004
33 Eti-Turks Kelahmed 150 Hb S=?, AE=3(2.0) qE= .010

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULT_S_ FREQUENCIES
I I
TURKEY
33 Eti-Turks Tarsus and Mersin 155 Hb S=? AE=2(1.3) qE=.006
Eti-Turks(total) 436 Hb AE=6(1.4) qE=.007
45 Eti-Turks 60 Th A2=4(6.7) qbTh=.033
34 Eti-Turks Fernek Iskenderun 114 Hb sickle=30(26.3) qS=.132
34 Eti-Turks Nesl i Iskenderun 150 Hb sickle=18(12.0) qS=.060
34 Eti-Turks Harbiye, Antakya 74 Hb sickle=4(5.4) qS=.027
34 Eti-Turks Karatas, Adana 102 Hb sickle=20(19.6) qS=.098
34 Eti-Turks Kelahmet, Mersin 150 Hb sickle=41(27.3) qS=.137
1797 Eti-Turks(males) Adana and Tarsus 105 Gd gdef=12(11.4) qdef=.114
1797 Eti-Turks(females) Adana and Tarsus 53 Gd gdef =1( 1.9)
1797 Turks(males) Izmir 212 Gd gdef=2(0.9) qdef=.009
43 Greeks(males) Imroz Island 48 Gd gdef=5( 10.4) qdef=.104
43 Greeks Imroz Island 77 HbTh AS=O. A2=8/F=0(10.4). Th=9( 11. 7). A2var=1 qTh=.ll
31 Eti Turks Iskenderun and Samandang 2120 Gd gdef=188(8.1)
Antiochus Region
Cukurova Province
31 Armenians Cukurova Province 32 Gd gdef = 1( 3 . 1 )
31 Eti Turks Adana and Mersin 1455 Gd gdef=152( 10.4)
Cukurova Province
31 Turks Mixed Villages 521 Gd gdef=4(0.8)
Cukurova Province
31 Turks Turcoman villages 423 Gd gdef=2(0.5)
Cukurova Province
1537 Eti Turks Kelahmet 281 HbTh AS=93(33.1), S=3(1.1), AE=4(1.4), SE=1(0.3) I qS=.190
SA2=7(2.5), SaTh=1, A2=4(1.4), bTh=8(2.8) qE=.009
qbTh=.034
1537 Eti Turks(males) Kelahmet 100 Gd gdef=10(10.0) Iqdef=. 100
1537 Eti Turks(females) Kelahmet 157 Gd gdef=12(7.6)
44 Turks Manavgat, Serik and 1351 HTGd 1 AS=2(1.5), A2=8(5.9). SbTh=1. gdef=7(5.4) I qbTh=.033
Boztepe, Antalya qS".011
146

REF.
NO. POPULATION
MALTA
452 Maltese
PLACE
NUMBER
TESTED SYSTEM
J Th I"'20('.8)
RESULTS
GENE
FREQUENCIES
C..Ol.
452 Maltese 300 Th F=7(2.3) qF=.012
452 Maltese(cord blood) 630 Th Barts=O
453 Maltese(cord blood) 658 Hb FMalta=13(2.0) qFMalta=.OlO
202 Maltese 217 Th A2=8(3.7) qbTh=.018
454 Maltese(males) 1145 Gd gdef=31(2.7) qdef=.027
454 Maltese(females) 369 Gd gdef=7( 1.9)
2085 Maltese Students 208 Gd gdef=9(4.3) I qdef=.043
(males)
2081 Maltese Birkirkara 608 Th OsmRes=27(4.4)
2081 Maltese Gzira 104 Th OsmRes=2(1.9)
2081 Maltese Hamrun 236 Th OsmRes=12(5.1)
2081 Maltese Msida 209 Th OsmRes=5(2.4)
2081 Maltese Qormi 351 Th OsmRes=12(3.4)
2081 Maltese Sliema 433 Th OsmRes=14(3.2)
2081 Maltese "Three Cities" 54 Th OsmRes=2(3.7)
2081 Maltese Valletta 117 Th OsmRes=4(3.4)
2081
2081
Maltese
Maltese -
Zabbar
Floriana
56
174
Th
Th
OsmRes= 1( 1.8)
OsmRes=6(3.4)
2081 Maltese Gargur 145 Th OsmRes=3(2.1)
2081 Maltese Marsa 233 Th OsmRes=18(7.7)
2081 Maltese Mellieha 741 Th OsmRes=164(22.1)
2081 Maltese Mosta 218 Th OsmRes=13(6.0)
2081 Maltese Naxxar 185 Th OsmRes=4(2.2)
2081 Maltese Pawla 248 Th OsmRes=26( 10.5)
2081 Maltese Rabat 526 Th OsmRes=22(4.2)
148

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
I
MALTA
2081 Maltese St. Paul's Bay 254 Th OsmRes=13(5.1)
2081 Maltese Tarxien 208 Th OsmRes=14(6.7)
2081 Maltese Zebbug 233
1
149
Th IOsmRes=22(9.4)
2081 Maltese Elsewhere 1027 Th OsmRes=58(5.6)
2083 Maltese Dingli 250 Th OsmRes=3(1.2)
2083 Maltese Mgarr 348 Th OsmRes=35( 10.1)
2083 Mal tese Vittoriosa 191 Th OsmRes=5(2.6)
2083 Maltese Senglea 207 Th OsmRes=8(3.9)
2083 Maltese Cospicua 426 Th OsmRes=47( 11.0)
2083 Maltese Kalkara 189 Th OsmRes=10(5.3)
2083 Maltese Zabbar 2301 Th I OsmRes=2(0.9)
2083 Maltese Birsebbugia 210
1
Th I OsmRes=10(4.8)
2083 Maltese Marsascala 130 Th OsmRes=8(6.2)
2083 Maltese Fgura 147 Th OsmRes=7(4.8)
2083 Maltese Kirkop 121 Th OsmRes=6(5.0)
2083 Mal tese Qrendi 155 Th OsmRes=17(11.0)
2083 Maltese Luga 192 Th OsmRes=4(2.1)
2083 Maltese Zejtun 142 Th OsmRes= 1(0.7)
2083 Maltese Gudja 150 Th OsmRes=12(8.0)
2083 Maltese Ghaxaq 160 Th OsmRes= 1(0.6)
2083 Maltese Safi 104 Th OsmRes=3(2.9)
2083 Maltese Mqabba 143 Th OsmRes=9(6.3)
2083 Maltese Siggiewi 178 Th OsmRes=8(4.5)
2083 Maltese Zurrieq 171 Th OsmRes=14(8.2)
2083 Maltese Marsaxlokk 181 Th OsmRes=28(15.5)
2083 Maltese Sannat. Gozo Island 1981 Th 1 OsmRes=2( 1.0)

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
I
GREECE
1941 Greeks(males) Heraclion Province. Crete 163
Gd I
1
gdef=3(1.8) ,I qdef= .018
1941 Greeks(males) Lassithi Province. Crete 59 Gd gdef=3(5.0) qdef=.050
1276 Greeks Aegean Islands. Crete and 1721 Th I OsmRes=13(7.6)
Dodecaneses
1804 Greeks(males) Khania. Crete 385 HbTh bTh=22(5.7). AS=2(0.5) qbTh=.029
qS=.003
1804 Greeks(males) Rethimnon. Crete 221 HbTh bTh=23(10.4). AS=1(0.4) qbTh=.052
qS=.002
1804 Greeks(males) Iraklion. Crete 318 HbTh bTh=23(7 .2). AS"2(0.6) qbTh=.036
qS=.003
1804 Greeks(males) Las i th t , Crete 168 HbTh bTh=7(4. 2). AS"1(0.6) qbTh=.021
qS=.003
1804 Greeks(males) Lesbos. Aegean 240 HbTh bTh=46( 19.2). AS"4(1.7) qbTh=.096
qS=.008
1804 Greeks(males) Samos. Aegean 81 HbTh bTh= 11( 13.6) . AS=O qbTh=.068
1804 Greeks(males) Khios. Aegean 74 HbTh bTh=4(4.1). AS=O qbTh=.020
1804 Greeks(males) Cyclades. Aegean 119 HbTh bTh"8(6.7). AS"O qbTh=.034
1804 Greeks(males) Dodecanese. Aegean 205 HbTh bTh"29(14.1). AS"1(0.5) qbTh".071
1941 Greeks(males) Dodecannese 97 Gd gdef=6(6.2) qdef=.062
1070 Greeks(males) Northern Lowlands. 181 Gd gdef =31 ( 17. 1 ) qdef=.171
Rhodes
1070 Greeks(males) Northern Semi-Highlands, 311 Gd I gdef=4(12.9) I qdef=.129
Rhodes
1070 Greeks(males) Southern Lowlands. 19 7 1 Gd I gdef=56(28.4) I qdef=.284
Rhodes
1070 Greeks(males) Southern Semi-Lowlands. 40 Gd gdef=9(22.5) I qdef=.225
Rhodes
1070 Greeks(males) Kremasti. Rhodes 49 Gd gdef =17 ( 34 . 7) I qdef".347
1070 Greeks(males) Archangelos, Rhodes 132 Gd gdef=28(21.2)
I qdef".212
1070 Greeks(males) Sianna. Rhodes 24 Gd gdef=8(33.3) qdef=.333
1070 Greeks(males) St. Isidores, Rhodes 53 Gd gdef=lO( 18.9) I qdef=.189
151

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION . PLACE TESTEO SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
I I I
GREECE
1070 Greeks(males) Laerma, Rhodes 40 Gd gdef=14(35.0) qdef=.350
1070 Greeks(males) Pylona, Rhodes 101 Gd gdef=25(24.8) qdeF=.248
·1070 Turks(males) Rhodes 71 Gd gdef=2(2.8) qdef=.028
2061 Greeks(males) Rhodes 496 Gd gdef=62(12.5) qdef=.125
1070 Greeks Rhodes 451 HbTh AS=O. bTh=72(16.0) qbTh=.080
71 Greeks(males) Rhodes. Rhodes 93 Gd gdef=20(21.5) qdef=.215
153 Greeks Rhodes, Rhodes 93 HbTh A2=12(12.9). A=93 qbTh=.064
qA= 1.00
71 Greeks(males) Massari, Rhodes 47 Gd gdef=16(34.0) qdef=.340
153 Greeks Massar i , Rhodes 47 HbTh 112=13(27.7), A=47 qbTh=.138
qA=1.00
71 Greeks(males) Laerma, Rhodes 58 Gd gdef=27(46.6) qdef=.466
153 Greeks Laerma. Rhodes 58 HbTh A2=15(25.9), A=58 qbTh= .129
qA=1.00
1941 Greeks(males) Cyclades 92 Gd gdef=2(2.1) qdef=.021
1939 Greeks Serifos 167 HbTh F=5, OsmRes=23(13.8), A=167 qbTh=.015
qA= 1.00
1692 Greeks(males) Tinos, Tinos 68 Gd gdef=1(1.5) qdef=.015
1692 Greeks(males) Foothi II villages, Tinos 58 Gd gdef=2(3.4) qdef=.034
1692 Greeks(males) Hi II vi 11ages, Tinos 88 Gd gdef =1( 1 . 1) qdef= .011
1941 Greeks(males) Samos 42 Gd gdef=O
1941 Greeks(males) Chios 50 Gd gdef=O
1941 Greeks(males) Lesbos 97 Gd gdef=3 qdef=.03i
623 Greeks(males) Lesbos 939 Gd gdef=41 qdef=.044
152
Greeks(total)(males) Lesbos 1036 Gd gdef=44(4.2) qdef=.042
2061 Greeks(males) Lesbos 1317 Gd gdef=65(4.93) qdef=.0493
1075 Greeks Lesbos 1323 HbTh OsmRes=72(5.4), aTh=11(O.8), A2=25(1.9) qTh=.027
AH=2(0.2), aThbTh=1(O.1}, AS=3(0.2) qaTh=.006
qS=.OO2

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
I I I
GREECE
743 Greeks(males) Lemnos 200 Gd gdef=27(13.5) I qdef=. 135
1941 Greeks(males) Coast of Black Sea 72 Gd gdef=O
1941 Greeks(males) Asia Minor 225 Gd gdef=4(1.7)
1941 Greeks(males) Immigrants to Greece 54 Gd gdef=O
153
I qdef=.017
1941 Greeks(males) Eastern Thrace 127 Gd gdef=3(2.3) Iqdef=.023
743 Greeks and Turks Thrace 200 Gd gdef=2(2.0) qdef=.020
(males)
590 Slavs Vrahia. Macedonia 92 Hb sickle=O
590 Slavs Kimina. Macedonia 162 Hb sickle=O
590 East Rumanians Trikalla. Macedonia 168 Hb sickle=O
590 Smyrnans Vathylakos, Macedonia 162 Hb sickle=O
590 Refugees Neon Petritsi. Macedonia 238
Hb 1
1
sickle=O
590 Christian Gypsies Fitoki-Flamburos.
Macedonia
181 Hb sickle=O
590 Refugees Stavrupolis, Macedonia 108 Hb sickle=2(1.9) I qS=.009
590 Refugees Lekani, Macedonia 160 Hb sickle=O
590 Refugees Kechrocampos, Macedonia 102 Hb sickle=O
590 Refugees Paranestion. Macedonia 86 Hb sickle=O
590 Refugees Komo t f n t , Macedonia 143 Hb sickle=O
590 East Thracians Arisvi, Macedonia 82 Hb sickle=O
590 West Thrace Turks Aratos. Macedonia 163 Hb sickle=O
590 East Thracians Elafochorl, Macedonia 97 Hb sickle=O
590 Moslem Gypsies Elafochori. Macedonia 111 Hb sickle=O
1276 Greeks Macedonia and Thrace 337 Th OsmRes=11(3.3)
2108 Greeks(Negroid) West Thrace 49 Hb sickle=6(12.2) qS=.061
1804 Greeks(males) Erros. Thrace 355 HbTh bTh=18(5.1), AS=O qbTh=.025
1804 Greeks(males) Xanthi. Thrace 146 HbTh bTh=8(5.5). AS=2(1.4) qbTh=.027
qS=.007

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
I I I
GREECE
1941 Greeks(males) Xanthi, Thrace 41 Gd gdef =1( 2 .4) qdef=.024
1941 Greeks(males) Rodhopi, Thrace 40 Gd gdef=1(2.5) qdef=.025
1941 Greeks(males) Evros, Thrace 122 Gd gdef=3(2.4) qdef=.024
1804 Greeks(males) Rhodopis, Central 188 HbTh bTh=12(6.4), AS=O qbTh=.032
Macedonia
1804 Greeks(males) Kastoria, Macedonia 128 HbTh bTh=5(3.9), AS=2(1.6) qbTh=.020
qS=.008
1804 Greeks(males) Floriha, Macedonia i 19 HbTh bTh=6(5.1), AS=O qbTh=.025
1804 Greeks(males) Kozani-Grevena, Macedonia 630 HbTh bTh=30(4.8) , AS=2(0.3) qbTh=.024
qS=.OO2
1804 Greeks(males) Pieria, Central Macedonia 160 HbTh bTh=8(5.0), AS=1(0.6) qbTh=.025
qS=.003
1804 Greeks(males) Emathian, Central 208 , HbTh bTh=15(7.2), AS=2(1.0) qbTh=.036
Macedonia qS=.005
1804 Greeks(males) Pellas, Central Macedonia 247 HbTh bTh=13(5.3), AS=O qbTh=.026
,
1804 Greeks(males) Kilkls, Central Macedonia 256 HbTh bTh=13(5.1), AS=O qbTh=.025
1804 Greeks(males) Thessaloniki 738 HbTh bTh=51( 6.9) , AS=6(0.8) qbTh=.035
Central Macedonia qS=.OO4
1804 Greeks(males) Khalkidhiki 2711 HbTh I bTh=21(7.7), AS=27(10.0) qbTh=.039
Central Macedonia qS=.050
1804 Greeks(males) Serrai, Central Macedonia 357 HbTh bTh=33(9.2), AS=3(0.8) qbTh=.046
qS=.004
1804 Greeks(males) Drama, Central Macedonia 253 HbTh bTh=11(4. 3), AS=O qbTh=.022
1804 Greeks(males) Keralla, Central Macedonia 257 HbTh bTh=18(7.0), AS=O qbTh=.035
1941 Greeks(males) Kavalla, Macedonia 129 Gd gdef=8(6.2) qdef=.062
1941 Greeks(males) Drama, Macedonia 101 Gd gdef=6(5.9) qdef=.059
1941 Greeks(males) Serrae, Macedonia 225 Gd gdef=15(6.7) qdef=.067
1941 Greeks(males) Thessaloniki, Macedonia 262 Gd gdef=25(9.5) qdef=.095
1941 Greeks(males) Kilkis, Macedonia 101 Gd gdef=2( 1.9) qdef=.019
1941 Greeks(males) Pierria, Macedonia 63 Gd gdef=4(6.3) qdef=.063
154

REF.
NO. POPULATION
GREECE
1941 Greeks(males)
1941 Greeks(males)
1059 Greeks
1059 Greeks(males)
1941 Greeks(males)
1941 Greeks(males)
1941 Greeks(males)
590 Greeks
590 Greeks
590 Greeks
590 Greeks
590 Greeks
590 Greeks
590 Greeks
590 Greeks
590 Greeks
590 Greeks
590 Greeks
590 Greeks
2013 Greeks
2013 Greeks(males)
2013 Greeks(females)
590 Greeks
590 Greeks
590 Greeks
PLACE
Emathia, Macedonia
Pella, Macedonia
Almopia District, Central
Macedonia, Pella Province
Almopia District, Central
Macedonia, Pella Province
Florina, Macedonia
Kozani, Macedonia
Kastoria, Macedonia
Epanomi, Macedonia
St. Prodromos, Macedonia
Zangl iveri, Macedonia
Hortiatis, Macedonia
Xylopolis, Macedonia
Halastra, Macedonia
Klidi, Macedonia
Tsinaforon, Macedonia
Korifi, Macedonia
Loutros, Macedonia
Leptokaria, Macedonia
Fytia, Macedonia
Plati, Macedonia
Plati, Macedonia
Plati, Macedonia
Aidonochorion, Macedonia
Paleokomi, Macedonia
Prosotsani, Macedonia
155
NUMBER
TESTEO SYSTEM RESULTS
103
121
370
131
51
151
39
183
177
172
159
90
108
67
151
142
102
106
150
1038
499
535
136
100
220
Gd
Gd
Hb
Gd
Gd
Gd
Gd
Hb
Hb
Hb
Hb
Hb
Hb
Hb
Hb
Hb
Hb
Hb
Hb
Hb
Gd
Gd
Hb
Hb
Hb
gdef=14(13.5)
gdef=7(5.7)
AD=2(0.5), 0=1(0.3)
GdB=128, GdB-=2(1.5), GdBvar=1
gdef=O
gdef=3(2.0)
gdef=O
sickle=5(2.7)
sickle=O
sickle=O
sickle=O
sickle=O
sickle=4(3.7)
sickle=4(6.0)
sickle=14(9.3)
sickle=18(12.7)
sickle=6(5.9)
sickle=3(2.8)
sickle=O
As=Ho.n, Avariant=1
GdB=490, GdB-=9(1.8)
GdB=534, GdB-=1
sickle=4(2.9)
sickle=6(6.0)
sickle=O
GENE
FREQUENCIES
qdef=.135
qdef=.057
qD= .005
qGdB-=.015
qdef=.020
qS=.014
qS=.018
qS=.030
qS=.046
qS=.063
qS=.029
qS=.014
qGdB-=.018
qS=.015
qS=.030

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
GREECE
590 Greeks Gratini, Macedonia 86 Hb sickle=O
590 Greeks Kosmion, Macedonia 76 Hb sickle=O
590 Greeks Soufli. Macedonia 205 Hb sickle=O
1941 Greeks(males) Chalkidhiki. Macedonia 72 Gd gdef=6(8.3) qdef=.083
71 Greeks(males) Ormylia. Chalikidhiki 21 Gd gdef=3(14.3) qdef=.143
Macedonia
51 Greeks Ormylia. Chalkidhiki 238 Hb sickle=55 qS= . 116
Macedonia
590 Greeks Ormylia, Chalkidhiki 103 Hb sickle=18 qS=.087
Macedonia
153 Greeks Ormylia. Chalkidhiki 21 HbTh A2=1(4.8). AS=3 qbTh=.024
Macedonia qS=.071
Greeks(total) Ormylia. Chalkidhiki 362 Hb sickle=76(21.0) qS=.105
Macedonia
71 Greeks(males) Niki t t , Chalkidhiki 52 Gd gdef=22(42.3) I qdef=.423
Macedonia
153 Greeks Nikiti. Chalkidhiki 52 . HbTh A2=2(3.8). AS=13 I qbTh=.019
Macedonia qS=.125
51 Greeks Nikiti. Chalkidhiki 122 Hb sickle=11 qS=.045
Macedonia
590 Greeks Nikiti. Chalkidhiki 143 Hb sickle=27 qS=.094
Macedonia
Greeks(total) Nikiti, Chalkidhiki 317 Hb sickle=51( 16.1) I qS=.080
Macedonia
71 Greeks(males) St. Nicholas. Chalkidhiki 29 Gd gdef=8(27.6) I qdef=.276
Macedonia
153 Greeks St. Nicholas. Chalkidhiki, 29 HbTh A2= 1(3.4) . AS=8 I qbTh=.017
Macedonia qS=. 138
51 Greeks St. Nicholas, Chalkidhiki 211 Hb sickle=54 qS=.128
Macedonia
590 Greeks St. Nicholas. Chalkidhiki 101 Hb sickle=24 qS=. 119
Macedonia
Greeks(total) St. Nicholas. Chalkidhiki 341 Hb sickle=86(25.2) I qS=.126
Macedonia
156

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTEO SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
GREECE
51 Greeks Athytos, Chalkidhiki 167 Hb sickle=20(12.0) I qS=.060
Macedonia
51 Greeks Cassandra, Chalkidhiki 137 Hb sickle=21( 15.3) I qS=.077
Macedonia
51 Greeks Cryopight, Chalkidhiki 57 Hb sickle=12(21.1) I qS=. 105
Macedonia
51 Greeks Ag. Mamas, Chalkidhiki 115 Hb sickle=31(27.0) qS=.135
Macedonia
51 Greeks Kapsochora, Chalkidhiki 92 Hb sickle=4 qS=.022
Macedonia
590 Greeks Kapsochora, Chalkidhiki 96 Hb sickle=1 qS=.005
Macedonia
Greeks(total) Kapsochora, Chalkidhiki 188 Hb sickle=5(2.7) qS=.013
Macedonia
51 Greeks Furka, Chalkidhiki 119 Hb sickle=19 qS=.080
Macedonia
590 Greeks Furka, Chalkidhiki 92 Hb sickle=2 qS=.011
Macedonia
Greeks(total) Furka, Chalkidhiki 211 Hb sickle=21( 10.1) qS=.050
Macedonia
51 Greeks Kassandrinon, Chalkidhiki 84 Hb sickle=2 qS=.012
Macedonia
590 Greeks Kassandrinon, Chalkidhiki 46 Hb sickle=O
Macedonia
Greeks(total) Kassandrinon, Chalkidhiki 130 Hb sickle=2(1.5) qS=.008
Macedonia
51 Greeks Paliouri, Chalkidhiki 123 Hb sickle=16 qS=.065
Macedonia
590 Greeks Paliouri, Chalkidhiki 160 Hb sickle=16 qS=.050
Macedonia
Greeks(total) Paliouri, Chalkidhiki 283 Hb sickle=32(11.3) I qS=.056
Macedonia
51 Greeks Chanoti, Chalkidhiki 70 Hb sickle=O
Macedonia
157

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
GREECE
590 Greeks Chanoti. Chalkidhiki 62 Hb sickle=O
Macedonia
Greeks(total) Chanoti. Chalkidhiki 132 Hb sickle=O
Macedonia
51 Greeks Polychronon. Chalkidhiki 133 Hb sickle=7 qS=.026
Macedonia
590 Greeks Polychronon. Chalkidhiki. 160 Hb sickle=13 qS=.041
Macedonia
Greeks(total) Polychronon. Chalkidhiki 293 Hb sickle=20(6.8) qS=.034
Macedonia
51 Greeks Kallandra. Chalkidhiki 133 Hb sickle=7 qS=.026
Macedonia
590 Greeks Kallandra. Chalkidhiki 90 Hb sickle=2 qS= .011
Macedonia
Greeks(total) Kallandra. Chalkidhiki 223 Hb sickle=9(4.0) qS=.020
Macedonia
51 Greeks St. Paraskovi. Chalkidhiki 100 Hb sickle=6 qS=.030
Macedonia
590 Greeks St. Paraskovi. Chalkidhiki 50 Hb sickle=O
Macedonia
Greeks(total) St. Paraskovi. Chalkidhiki 150 Hb sickle=6(4.0) qS=.020
Macedonia
51 Greeks Nea Sk t on t , Chalkidhiki 109 Hb sickle=7 qS=.032
Macedonia
590 Greeks Nea Sk t on t , Chalkidhiki 40 Hb sickle=O
Macedonia
Greeks(total) Nea Skioni. Chalkidhiki 149 Hb sickle=7(4.7) qS=.023
Macedonia
51 Greeks Sikia. Chalkidhiki 265 Hb sickle=78 qS=.147
Macedonia
590 Greeks Sikia. Chalkidhiki 846 Hb sickle=265 qS=.313
Macedonia
Greeks(total) Sikia. Chalkidhiki 1111 Hb sickle=343(30.9) I qS=.154
Macedonia
158

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
GREECE
51 Greeks Parthenon, Chalkidhiki 108 Hb sickle=35 qS=.162
Macedonia
590 Greeks Parthenon, Chalkidhiki 153 Hb sickle=49 qS=.160
Macedonia
Greeks(total) Parthenon, Chalkidhiki 261 Hb sickle=84(32.2) I qS=.161
Macedonia
590 Greeks Valta, Chalkidhiki 196 Hb sickle=25(12.8) I qS=.064
Macedonia
590 Greeks Kallithea, Chalkidhiki 90 Hb sickle=B(8.9) I qS=.044
Macedonia
590 Greeks Pazarakia, Chalkidhiki 150 Hb sickle=21(14.0) I qS=.070
Macedonia
1941 Greeks(males) Salonica 74 Gd gdef=4(5.4) I qdef=.054
1276 Greeks Thessaly 2441 Th IOsmRes=28(11.5)
1939 Greeks Mountain Villages 78 HbTh OsmRes=8(10.3), A=78 I qA= 1.00
Elasson, Thessaly
1939 Greeks(males) Mountain Villages 55 Gd gdef=2(3.6) I qdef=.036
Elasson, Thessaly
1939 Greeks(males) Foothill Villages 139 Gd gdef=11(7.9) I qdef=.079
Elasson. Thessaly
1939 Greeks Foothill Vi llages 165 HbTh OsmRes=13(7.9), A=165 I qA= 1.00
Elasson, Thessaly
1941 Greeks(males) Larissa District 189 Gd gdef =21( 11 . 1 ) I qdef = . 111
Thessaly
1941 Greeks(males) Trikkala District 112 Gd gdef=9(8.0) I qdef=.OBO
Thessaly
1941 Greeks(males) Magnessia District 128 Gd gdef=5(3.9) I qdef=.039
Thessaly
1939 Greeks(males) Mountain Villages 122 HTGd gdef=4(3.3), OsmRes=14(11.5), A'=122 qdef=.033
Karditsa, Thessaly qA= 1.00
1939 Greeks(males) Foothill Villages 88 Gd gdef=4(4.5) qdef=.045
Karditsa, Thessaly
1939 Greeks Foothill Vi llages 98 HbTh OsmRes=6(6.1), AS=1(1.0) I qS=.005
Karditsa, Thessaly
159

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTEO SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
I I I
GREECE
496 Greeks Lake Copais, Boeotia 119 Hb AS=32(26.9) qS=.134
498 Greeks(males) Petromagula, Boeotia 200 Gd gdef=29(14.5) qdef=.145
498 Greeks Petromagula, Boeotia 175 Hb 5=2(1.1), AS=34(19.4) qS=.109
1939 Greeks Petromagula, Boeotia 183 Th OsmRes=23(12.6)
1941 Greeks(males) Boeotia District 103 Gd gdef=6(5.8) qdef=.058
1941 Greeks(males) Euboea District 140 Gd gdef=4(2.8) qdef=.028
1804 Greeks(males) Attik i, EUboea 1008 HbTh bTh=72(7.1), AS=2(0.5) qbTh=.03G
qS=.OOl
1804 Greeks(males) Voiotia, Euboea 1981 HbTh I bTh=17(8.6), AS=4(2.0) qbTh=.043
qS= .010
1804 Greeks(males) Fthiotis, Euboea 2841 HbTh 1 bTh=28(9.8), AS=4(1.4) qbTh=.049
qS=.007
1804 Greeks(males) Fokis, Euboea 1441 HbTh I bTh=18(12.5), AS=2(1.4) qbTh=.063
qS=.007
1804 Greeks(males) Euritania, Euboea 100 HbTh bTh=11(11.0), AS=O qbTh=.055
1804 Greeks(males) Aetoloakarnania, Euboea 618 HbTh bTh=69(11.2), AS=5(0.8) qbTh=.056
qS=.004
1804 Greeks(males) Euboea, EUboea 2911 HbTh I bTh=34(11.7), AS=2(0.7) qbTh=.058
qS=.003
1941 Greeks(males) Attica District 160 Gd gdef=3(1.8) qdef=.018
2216 Greek(newborns) Athens 300 Gd gdef=3(1.0) qdef= .010
95 Greeks Athens 708 Gd GdB-=29(4.1), GdA=1(0.1), GdB=674, qGdB-=.041
Gdslow=3(0.4), GdBslow=1(0.1)
1941 Greeks(males) Atnens 120 Gd gdef=3(2.5) qdef=.025
2216 Greeks(males) Athens 280 Gd gdef=1 qdef=.004
1099 Greeks(males) Athens 986 Gd gdef=33. qdef=.034
2061 Greeks(males) Athens 786 Gd gdef=23(2.92) qdef=.0292
1806 Greeks Athens and Salonika 215 Hb AS=5(2.3) qS=.012
1941 Greeks(males) Phocis District 67 Gd gdef=4(5.9) qdef=.059
161

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
I I I
GREECE
1941 Greeks(males) Eurytania District 34 Gd gdef=O
1941 Greeks(males) Aetolo and Acarnania 186 Gd gdef=18(9.6) I qdef=.096
Districts
1276 Greeks Peloponnesus 300 Th DsmRes=19(6.3)
1804 Greeks(males) Corinthfa, Pelopennesus 206 HbTh bTh=19(9.2), AS=O qbTh=.046
1804 Greeks(males) Argolfs, Pelopennesus 182 HbTh bTh=15(8.2), AS=O qbTh=.041
f804 Greeks(males) Arkadhfa, Pelopennesus 337 HbTh bTh=28(8. 3). AS=O qbTh=.042
1804 Greeks(males) Lakonia. Pelopennesus 214 HbTh bTh=20(9.3), AS=5(2.3) qbTh=.047
qS=.012
1804 Greeks(males) Messinfa, Pelopennesus 301 HbTh bTh=30(10.0), AS=6(2.0) qbTh=.050
qS= .010
1804 Greeks(males) Hl t a , Pelopennesus 479 HbTh bTh=67(14.0). AS=15(3.1) qbt n> .070
qS=.Of6
1804 Greeks(males) Akhaia. Peloponnesus 5371 HbTh I bTh=65(12.1), AS=(0.3) qbTh=.061
qS=.OO2
1941 Greeks(males) Achafa, Peloponnese 186 Gd gdef=16(8.6) qdef=.086
1941 Greeks(males) Corinthia. Peloponnese 90 Gd gdef=5(5.5) qdef=.055
1941 Greeks(males) Argolis. Peloponnese 71 Gd gdef=2(2.8) qdef=.028
1941 Greeks(males) Arcadia. Peloponnese 128 Gd gdef=2(1.5) qdef=.015
194f Greeks(males) Laconfa, Peloponnese 112 Gd gdef=1(0.9) qdef=.009
1941 Greeks(males) Messenia. Peloponnese 180 Gd gdef=16(8.8) qdef=.088
1941 Greeks(males) Ileia. Peloponnese 144 Gd gdef=12(8.3) qdef=.083
498 Greeks(males) pygros and Amalfa, Ilefa 290 HbGd gdef=18(6.2). AS=2(0.7) qdef=.062
Peloponnese qS=.003
1276 Greeks Ionian Islands 50 Th A2=7(14.0) qbTh=.070
1941 Greeks(males) Zante Island 30 Gd gdef=O
1941 Greeks(males) Cephalonia Island 37 Gd gdef=O
194f Greeks(males) Leukada Island 25 Gd gdef=1(4.0)
1276 Greeks Epirus 741 Th I OsmRes=9(12.2)
162
I qdef=.040

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
I I I
GREECE
495 Greeks(males) Aneza, Gavria and Aghios 91\ HTGd I gdef=16(17.6), OsmRes= 12( 13.2), AS=13(14.3) I qdef=.176
Spyridon Villages qS=.071
Arta District, Epirus
1941 Greeks(males) Arta, Epirus 86 Gd gdef=6(7.0) qdef=.070
745 Greeks(males) Ghavria, Arta, Eplrus 194 Gd gdef=21(10.8) qdef=.108
745 Greeks Ghavria, Arta, Epirus 448 HbTh AS=41(9.2), aTh=32(7.1), bTh=47(10.5) qS=.046
qaTh=.036
qbTh=.053
745 Greeks(males) Kalovatos, Arta,Epirus 220 Gd gdef=27(12.3) qdef=.123
745 Greeks Kalovatos, Arta, Epirus 417 HbTh AS=40(9.6), aTh=20(4.8), bTh=43(10.3) qS=.048
qaTh=.024
qbTh=.052
745 Greeks Ghavria and Kalovatos 9311 HbTh I dTh=83(8.9),ALepore=7(0.8),F=3(0.3) I qdTh=.045
Villages, Arta, Epirus
745 Greeks(males) Ghavria and Kalovatos 443 Gd gdef=61(13.8) qdef=.138
Villages, Arta, Epirus AS=92(10.2), ALepore=8(0.9) qLepore=.004
qS=.060
495 Greeks(males) Lowland Villages 171 HTGd gdef=28( 16.4), OsmRes=26(i5.2), AS=11(6.4) qdef=.164
Arta, Epirus qS=.032
495 Greeks(males) Foothill Villages 94 HTGd gdef=4(4.3), OsmRes=10(10.6), A=94 qdef=.043
Arta, Eplrus qA= 1.00
495 Greeks(males) Mountain Villages 176 HTGd gdef=5(2.8), OsmRes= 17(9.7). A=176 qdef=.028
Arta, Epirus qA= 1.00
1941 Greeks(males) Preveza District, Epirus 54 Gd gdef=4(7.4) qdef=.074
1941 Greeks(males) Thesprotia District, 41 Gd gdef=O
Epirus
1941 Greeks(males) Ioannlna District, Epirus 124 Gd Igdef=1(0.8)
1
I qdef=.008
1804 Greeks(males) Arta, Epiros 222 HbTh bTh=19(8.6), AS=10(4.5) qbTh=.043
qS=.023
1804 Greeks(males) Prevesa, Epiros 124 HbTh bTh=16(12.5), AS=5(4.0) qbTh=.065
qS=.020
1804 Greeks(males) Ioannina, Epiros 364 HbTh bTh=29(8 .0), AS=O qbTh=.040
1804 Greeks(males) Thesprotikou, Epiros 147 HbTh bTh=12(8.2), AS=O qbTh=.041
163

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
GREECE
1941 Greeks(males) Corfu Island 79 Gd gdef=4(5.0) qdef=.050
1939 Greeks Sokraki, Corfu 146 HbTh OsmRes=23(15.8), A=146 qA= 1.00
1939 Greeks(males) Sokrak t , Corfu 116 Gd gdef=1(0.9) 1 qdef=.009
1939 Greeks Lowland Villages, Corfu 976 HbTh OsmRes=128(13.1), A=976 qA= 1.00
1939 Greeks(males) Lowland Villages, Corfu 772 Gd gdef=48(6.2) qdef=.062
1804 Greeks(males) Kerkira, Ionia 182 HbTh bTh=34(18.7). AS=1(0.6) qbTh=.093
qS=.003
1804 Greeks(males) Levkas. Ionia 571 HbTh 1 bTh=6(10.5). AS=O gbTh=.053
1804 Greeks(males) Kefallinia, Ionia 70 HbTh bTh=4(5.7), AS=1(1.4) qbTh=.029
qS=.007
1804 Greeks(males) Zakinthos, Ionia 80 HbTh bTh=6(7.5), AS=1(1.2) qbTh=.038
qS=.006
1275 Greeks(newborn) 86 Gd gdef=28
1940 Greeks(males) 523 Gd GdLevadia=1. GdSlow=1
1940 Greeks(males)(with no 130 Gd GdFast=1, GdSlow=1
G6PD def)
525 Greeks Paris 325 HbTh AS=2(0.6), A2=10(3.1), F=3(0.9) qS=.003
qbTh=.02
161 Atzigani(Gypsies) Achaia. Mesolonghi and 1741 HbTh I AS=O, A2=50(28.7) qbTh=.144
Orcomenos
YUGOSLAVIA
1734 Serbs Gevgelia, Macedonia 1001 HbTh I A2=3/F=3/A2F=2(8.0), OsmRes=4, A=100 I qbTh=.040
qA= 1.00
1734 Serbs Bogdanci, Macedonia 1001 HbTh 1 A2=4/F=3/A2F=2(9.0), OsmRes=10, A=100 qbTh=:045
qA= 1.00
1734 Serbs N. Dojran, Macedonia 1001 HbTh I A2=7/F=1/A2F=7(15.0), OsmRes=4, A=100 qbTh=.075
qA=1.00
1734 Serbs Nikolich, Macedonia 401 HbTh I A2=3/F=1/A2F=5(22.5), OsmRes=5, A=40 qbTh=.113
qA=1.00
1734 Serbs Moin, Macedonia 211 HbTh I A2=2/F=1/A2F=2(23.8). OsmRes=2, A=21 qbTh=.119
qA= 1.00
164

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
YUGOSLAVIA
1734 Serbs Strumica. Macedonia 100 HbTh I A2=6/F=6/A2F=7(19.0). OsmRes=7. A=100 qbTh=.095
qA= 1.00
1734 Serbs Bitola. Macedonia 1001 HbTh I A2=3/F=1/A2F=4(8.0). OsmRes=11. A=100 qbTh=.040
qA= 1.00
1734 Serbs Novaci. Macedonia 601 HbTh I A2=2/F=4/A2F=1(11.7), OsmRes=1, A=60 qbTh=.058
qA= 1.00
1734 Serbs Bistrica. Macedonia 401 HbTh I A2=1/F=0/A2F=1(5.0). OsmRes=O, AD=1(2.5) qbTh=.025
qD=.013
1734 Serbs Resen. Macedonia 811 HbTh I A2=1/F=2/A2F=2(6.2). OsmRes=4. A=81 qbTh=.031
qA= 1.00
1734 Serbs C. Dvor. Macedonia 118\ HbTh I A2=4/F=1/A2F=3(6.8). OsmRes=1. A=118 qbTh=.034
qA= 1.00
1734 Serbs Radovish. Macedonia 2591 HbTh I A2=6/F=2/A2F=6(5.4). OsmRes=2. A=259 qbTh=.027
qA= 1.00
1734 Serbs G. Petrov. Macedonia 1351 HbTh I A2=1/F=2/A2F=0(2.2). OsmRes=1. A=135 qbTh=.Oll
qA=1.00
1734 Serbs Izvor. Macedonia 971 HbTh \ A2=6/F=3/A2F=5(14.4), OsmRes=1. A=97 qbTh= .072
qA= 1.00
1734 Serbs Gostivar, Macedonia 981 HbTh I A2=1/F=3/A2F=1(5.1), OsmRes=1, A=98 qbTh=.026
qA=1.00
1734 Serbs Jazince, Macedonia 611 HbTh I A2=2/F=0/A2F=1(4.9). OsmRes=O. A=61 qbTh=.025
qA= 1.00
1734 Serbs D. Kolicane. Macedonia 83\ HbTh I A2=0/F=0/A2F=1(1.2). OsmRes=O. A=83 qbTh=.006
qA= 1.00
1734 Serbs Nzilovo, Macedonia 461 HbTh I A2=0/F=1/A2F=1(4.3). OsmRes=O, A=46 qbTh=.022
qA= 1.00
1734 Serbs Valandovo. Macedonia 991 HbTh I A2=3/F=2/A2F=3(8.1). OsmRes=5, AJ=1(1.0) qbTh=.040
qJ=.005
1734 Serbs Pirava. Macedonia 63\ HbTh \ A2=2/F=0/A2F=2(6.3). OsmRes=1, AJ=1 (1.6) qbTh=.032
qJ=.008
1734 Serbs Kavadarci. Macedonia 931 HbTh I A2=1/F=1/A2F=2(4.3), OsmRes=O. AD=1( 1.1) qbTh=.022
qD= .005
1734 Serbs Kichevo. Macedonia 951 HbTh I A2=1/F=0/A2F=0(1. 1). OsmRes=O. A=95 qbTh=.005
qA= 1.00
165

REF.
NO. POPULATION
YUGOSLAVIA
1734 Serbs
1734 Serbs
1734 Serbs
1734 Serbs
1734 Serbs
1734 Serbs
1734 Serbs
PLACE
JosifovO, Macedonia
Kr. Palanka, Macedonia
D. Kapia, Macedonia
Kumanovo. Macedonia
R. Prilep, Macedonia
Tetovo. Macedonia
Kochani, Macedonia
166
NUMBER
TESTED SYSTEM
871 Th
911 Th
771 HbTh
951 Th
691 Th
861 Th
891 Th
RESULTS
A2=1/F=0/A2F=0(1.1). OsmRes=o. A=87
A2=0/F=2/A2F=0(2.2), OsmRes=O, A=91
A2=3/F=2/A2F=0(5.2), OsmRes=O.
ALepore=1( 1.3)
A2=0/F=3/A2F=1(4.2). OsmRes=l, A=95
A2=2/F=1/A2F=1(5.8). OsmRes=2
A2=1/F=1/A2F=0(2.3), DsmRes=O. A=86
A2=0/F=2/A2F=0(2.2). OsmRes=O. A=89
1734 Serbs Sv. Nikole. Macedonia 54 Th A2=0. F=O. OsmRes=O. A=54
1734 Serbs
1734 Serbs
744 Yugoslavs(males)
744 Yugoslavs(females)
744 Yugoslavs(males)
744 Yugoslavs(females)
744 Yugoslavs
744 Yugoslavs(males)
744 Yugoslavs
1071 Yugoslav(children)
Ohrid. Macedonia
Lubojno. Macedonia
Gevgelija, Macedonia
Gevgelija, Macedonia
Stip. Macedonia
Stip, Macedonia
947 Slavs(schoolchildren, Macedonia
parents and relatives
of known patients)
744 Gypsies(males)
744 Gypsies(females)
Gypsies(total)
744 Gypsies
Stip, Macedonia
Skopje, Macedonia
Skopje, Macedonia
Skopje
Skopje, Macedonia
Skopje, Macedonia
Skopje, Macedonia
Skopje, Macedonia
1361 Th
881 HbTh
241 HbGd
151 HbGd
261 HbGd
151 HbGd
16
221 HbGd
7
384
Th
Th
Th
69641 HbTh
341 HbGd
42
25
81 HbGd
Gd
Th
A2=2/F=5/A2F=1(5.9), OsmRes=O. A=136
A2=2/F=3/A2F=2(B.0). OsmRes=1,
ALepore=l(1.1)
gdef=O. A=24
gdef=O. A=15
gdef=O. A=26
gdef=2(13.3). A=15
OsmRes=2(12.5)
gdef=2(9.1). A=22
OsmRes=O
bTh=4(1.0).ALepore=3(0.8),AOArab=2(0.5)
AS/AD=23(0.33), AC/AOArab=l1(0.16)
ALepore=22(0.32). Fast variants=O
bTh=449(6.45)
gdef=O. A=34
gdef=2, A=8
gdef=2(4.8). A=42
OsmRes=2(8.0)
GENE
FREQUENCIES
qbTh=.006
qbTh=.011
qbTH=.026
qLepore=.006
qbTh=.021
qbTh=.029
qbTh=.012
qbTh=.Oll
qbTh=.029
qbTh=.040
qLepore=.006
qA= 1. 00
qA= 1.00
qA= 1.00
qA= 1.00
qdef=.091
qA=1.00
qbTh=.005
qA= 1.00
qA= 1.00

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
YUGOSLAVIA
663 Croatians Dalmatian Coast 422 Th bTh=29(6.9) qbTh=.034
663 Macedonians 3 local ities 481 Th I bTh=6(12.5) qbTh=.063
663 Macedonians Southeast Macedonia 29721 Th I bTh=113(3.8) qbTh=.Oi9
663 Macedonians Southern Macedonia 220i 1 Th 1 bTh=11O(5.0) qbTh= .025
663 Macedonians Titov Veles 82411 Th 1 bTh=132(1.6) qbTh=.008
663 Macedonians Skopje 2498 Th bTh=57(2.3) qbTh= .011
663 Serbians SR Serbia 2700 Th bTh=48(1.8) qbTh=.009
663 Yugoslavs(Soldiers) 800 Th bTh= 10( 1 .2) qbTh=.006
744 Yugoslavs(males) Dubrovnik, Dalmatia 34 HbGd gdef=O, A=34 qA= 1.00
744 Yugoslavs(females) Dubrovnik, Dalmatia 27 HbGd gdef=O, A=27 qA= 1.00
744 Yugoslavs Dubrovnik, Dalmatia 23 Th OsmRes=2(8.7)
744 Yugoslavs(males) Ston, Dalmatia 55 HbGd gdef=O, A=55 qA= 1.00
744 Yugoslavs(females) Ston, Dalmatia 11 HbGd gdef=O, A=11 qA= 1.00
744 Yugoslavs Ston, Dalmatia 601 Th IOsmRes=1(1.6)
744 Yugoslavs(males) Metkovic, Dalmatia 19 HbGd gdef=2(10.5), A=19 qdef=.105
qA=1.00
744 Yugoslavs(females) Metkovic, Dalmatia 191 HbGd 1 gdef=O, A=19 qA=1.00
744 Yugoslavs Metkovic, Dalmatia 29 Th OsmRes=2(6.9)
744 Yugoslavs(males) Split, Dalmatia 62 HbGd gdef=O, A=62 qA= 1. 00
744 Yugoslavs(females) Split, Dalmatia 19 HbGd gdef=O, A=19 qA= 1.00
744 Yugoslavs Spl it, Dalmatia 67 Th OsmRes=4(6.0)
744 Yugoslavs(males) Zadar, Dalmatia 271 HbGd Igdef=O,
167
A=27 qA= 1.00
744 Yugoslavs(females) Zadar, Dalmatia 1 HbGd gdef=O. A=1 qA= 1.00
744 Yugoslavs Zadar, Dalmatia 19 Th OsmRes=3(15.8)
744 Yugoslavs(males) Biograd, Dalmatia 61 HbGd gdef=O, A=61 IqA=1.00
744 Yugoslavs(females) Biograd, Dalmatia 37 HbGd gdef=O, A=37 qA= 1.00

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
I I I
YUGOSLAVIA
744 Yugoslavs Biograd, Dalmatia 931 Th 1 OsmRes=2(2.2)
744 Yugoslavs(males) Rijeka, Dalmatia 126 HTGd gdef=1(0.8), F=1(0.8). ALepore=1(0.8) I qdef=.008
qbTh=.008
744 Yugoslavs Rijeka, Dalmatia
1191 Th I OsmRes=5(4.2)
qLepore=.OO4
1
744 Yugoslavs(males) Mavrovo (nr. Rijeka) 31 HbGd I gdef=O, A=3 I qA= 1.00
Dalmatia
744 Yugoslavs(females) Mavrovo (nr. Rijeka) 111 HbGd I gdef=O, A=11 I qA= 1.00
Dalmatia
744 Yugoslavs Mavrovo (nr. Ri jeka) 12\ Th \ OsmRes=1(8.3)
Dalmatia
663 Yugoslavs(soldiers) 800
BULGARIA
1
93 BUlgarians with Sofia 9/65/ Gd / gdef=(13.8)
favism(females/males)
168
Th I bTh=8 ( 1.2) I qbTh=.005
1058 Bulgarians Burgas District 2621 HbTh 1 AOArab=44, bTh=18. OArabbTh=16 I qOArab=.115
qbTh=.096
I
2047 Bulgarians Vratsa District 2600 Gd gdef(hem)=24. gdef(hom)=O, gdef(het)=67
2047 Bulgarians Vratsa District 800 ThGd A2=36/A2F=5/F=15(7.0) I qbTh=.035
gdef+bTh=4(0.50)
1854 Bulgarians Vratze District 91 Gd I GdCorinth=3. GdFayoum=2
GdMediterranean=2. GdOhut 11=1
GdPanay=1
1854 BUlgarians Vratze District 6 Gd GdCorinth=1. GdFayoum=2. GdBoston=1
GdPetrich=1. GdGotze Delchev=1
1854 Bulgarians Vratze District 7 Gd GdCorinth=2. GdFayoum=1
GdMediterranean=1, GdOhut 11=1
GdKi 19ore= 1. GdPoznan=1
1369 Bulgarians 2956 Gd gdef=163(5.5)
2047 Bulgarians Plovdiv District 3270 Gd gdef(hem)=26. gdef(hom)=O. gdef(het)=88
2047 BUlgarians Plovdiv District 1025 ThGd A2=64/A2F=7/F=11(8.0) I qbTh=.040
gdef+bTh=3(0.29)
2052 Bulgarians Plovdiv, Blagoevgrad. 99621 Gd I gdef=344(3.4)
Smolyan. Vratza. Vidin

REF.
NO. POPULATION
U.S.S.R.
1729 Azerbaijanians
1729 Azerbaijanians
1729 Azerbaijanians
1729 Azerbaijanians
1729 Azerbaijanians
1729 Azerbaijanians
1729 Azerbaijanians
1729 Azerbaijanians
1729 Azerbaijanians
970 Russians(males)
970 Russians(females)
2129 Azerbaijanians
2129 Azerbaijanians
2129 Azerbaijanians
2129 Azerbaijanians
1846 Azerbaijanians
(deficient males)
1728 Azerbaijanians
(children with bTh)
PLACE
Mir-Bashir Region,
Azerbaijan SSR
Ordubad Region,
Azerbaijan SSR
Sabirabad Region,
Azerbaijan SSR
Udzhar Region,
Azerbaijan SSR
Khanlar Region,
Azerbaijan SSR
Khachmas Region,
Azerbaijan SSR
Khynalyg Region,
Azerbaijan SSR
Shakhbuz Region,
Azerbaijan SSR
Shekin Region,
Azerbaijan SSR
Kafan, Azerbaijan
Kafan, Azerbaijan
Barda, Azerbaijan
Shemakha, Azerbaijan
NUkha, Azerbaijan
Lenkoran and Astara,
Azerbaijan
Bash-Kungut and Dzhunut,
Sheki District,
Azerbaijan SSR
Azerbaijan SSR
172
NUMBER
TESTED SYSTEM
1501 HTGd
951 HTGd
155' HTGd
3011· HTGd
2221 HTGd
3951 HTGd
221' HTGd
481 HTGd
2951 HTGd
297' Gd
284 Gd
102' HbTh
1711 HbTh
2651 HbTh
3401 HbTh
32
160
Gd
Th
RESULTS
bTh=10(6.67). AS=O, gdef=4(2.67)
bTh=10(10.53), AS=O, gdef=3(3.16)
bTh=20(12.90), AS=O, gdef=23(14.84)
bTh=31(10.30), AS=5(1.67), gdef=24(7.97)
bTh=15(6.76), AS=O, gdef=17(7.66)
bTh=23(5.82), AS=7(1.77), gdef=13(3.29)
bTh=O. AS=O, gdef=O
bTh=2(4.17). AS=2(4.17), gdef=O
bTh=33(11.19), AS=1(0.34), gdef=17(5.76)
gdef=7(2.4)
gdef=9(3.2)
A2=7(6.9), A=102
A2=2(1.2), A=171
A2=25(9.4), AD=1(0.4)
A2=12(3.5), AD=8(2.4)
11 Gd-variants
4 bTh variants
GENE
FREQUENCIES
qbTh=.0333
qdef=.0298
qbTh=.0526
qdef=.0263
qbTh=.0645
qdef=.1075
qbTh=.0515
qS=.0083
qdef=.0741
qbTh=.0338
qdef=.0427
qbTh=.0291
qS=.0089
qdef=.0319
qbTh=.0208
QS=.0208
qbTh=.0559
qS= .0017
qdef=.0478
qdef=.024
qbTh=.034
qA= 1.00
qbTh=.006
qA= 1.00
qbTh=.047
qD= .002
qbTh=.018
qO=.012

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
U.S.S.R.
1422 Azerba i jani ans HUluteepe. A.S.S.R. 401 Th bTh=G8(17.0) 1 qbTh=.085
(schoolchildren)
1422 Azerbaijanians Arabkendi. A.S.S.R. 145 Th bTh=21( 14.5) I qbTh= .072
(schoolchildren)
1422 Azerbaijanians TUkle, A.S.S.R. 243 Th bTh=18(7.4) I qbTh=.037
(schoolchildren)
1422 Azerbaijanians Masaly, A.S.S.R. 248 Th bTh=32(12.9) I qbTh=.OG4
(schoolchildren)
1007 Azerbaljanlans Geok-chai, A.S.S.R. 2641 HTGd I AS=3. AD=2, gdef+D=4. A2=1/F=2/A2F=1(1.5) I qS=.006
qD= .011
qbTh=.008
I
1122 Azerbaljanlans(males) Alasanl-Aphtalan Valley, 2081 Gd I gdef=16(7.7)
(patients) Shekll District, A.S.S.R.
1122 Azerbaljanis(females) Alasani-Aphtalan Valley, 141 Gd gdef=13(9.2)
(patients) Shekll District, A.S.S.R.
1453 Azerbaljanlans Azerbaijan SSR Hb Many cases of sickle cell anemia
(ch t l dren)
1124 Azerbaijanians(males) Bash-Kungut, Shekii Dist. 171 Gd gdef(hem)=19(11.1) Iqdef = . 111
1124 Azerba i janians Bash-Kungut, Shekii 188 Gd gdef(hom)=4(2.1), gdef(het)=24(12.8) qdef=.085
(females) District
1124 Azerbaijanians(males) DZhunut, Shekii District 60 Gd gdef(hem)=6(10.0) Iqdef=. 100
1124 Azerbaijanians DZhunut. Shekii District 69 Gd gdef(hom)=3(4.4), gdef(het)=8(11.6) qdef=.102
(fema I es)
1124 Azerbaijanians(males) Suchma. Shekil District 106 Gd gdef(hem)=13(12.3) I qdef=.123
1124 Azerbaijanians Suchma, Shekii District 131 Gd gdef(hom)=3(2.3), gdef(het)=19(14.5) I qdef=.096
(females)
1124 Azerbaljanians(males) Shekii, Shekii District 162 Gd gdef(hem)=14(8.G) Iqdef=.086
1124 Azerbaijanians Shekii. Shekii District 52 Gd gdef(het)=7(13.5) qdef=.067
(females)
1424 Azerbaijanlans(males) Shekii District 159 Gd gdef=34(21.4) I qdef=.214
(married)
1424 Azerbaijanians Shekii District 159 Gd gdef=69(43.4)
(females)(married)
173

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTEO SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
I
U.S.S.R.
1268 Azerbaijanians Azerbaijan Gd gdef=(3.6-37.3)
782 Azerbaijanians Azerbaijan 1000 Th Barts=92(9.2) I qaTh=.046
1268 Others Armenia, Georgia, Gd gdef=(0-2.0)
Uzbekistan, Turkmenia,
Tajikistan. Moldavian SSR,
Udmurt, Tatar ASSR.
Central Regions of the
RSFSR
1473 Maris(Cheremis) Volga River Bend 317 Hb A=317 I qA= 1.00
1855 uews from Bukhara Israel 46 Gd gdef='O
(males)
1119 Uzbeks Karakent, Samarkand Region, 169 lh bTh= 11 (6.5 ) I qbTh=.032
Uzbekistan
1119 Uzbeks Isan. Samarkand Region. 193 Th bTh=9(4.7) I qbTh=.023
Uzbekistan
1119 Uzbeks Karakent, Samarkand Region. 210 Gd gdef=12(5.7)
Uzbekistan
1119 Uzbeks Ishan. Samarkand Region, 248 Gd gdef=5(2.0)
Uzbeklstan
118 Uzbekistanians Tersak II, Urgut District, 188 Th bth=8(4.3) I qbTh=.021
Samarkand Province
118 Uzbekistanians Tersak III, Urgut District, 271 Th bTh=8(3.0) I qbTh=.015
Samarkand Province
118 Uzbekistanians Tersak IV. Urgut District. 252 Th bTh=2(0.8) I qbTh= .004
Samarkand Province
118 Uzbekistanians Airikiya, Urgut District, 137 Th bTh=9(6.6) I qbTh=.033
Samarkand Province
1119 Uzbeks Karakent, Samarkand Region, 169 Th bTh= 11(6.5) I qbTh=.0325
Uzbekistan SSR
1119 Uzbeks Karakent, Samarkand Region, 210 Gd gdef='12(5.7) I qdef=.0286
Uzbekistan SSR
1119 Uzbeks Ishan, Samarkand Region. 193 Th bTh=9(4.7) I qbTh=.0233
Uzbekistan SSR
1119 Uzbeks Ishan, Samarkand Region. 248 Gd gdef=5(2.0) I qdef=.0101
Uzbekistan SSR
174

REF.
NO. POPULATION
U.S.S.R.
774 Tadzhik and Uzbek
774 Uzbek
774 Tadzhik
774 UZbek(students)
774 UZbek
770 Tadjikistanians
2130 Tadziks
2130 Tadziks
2130 UZbeks
2130 Turkmens
2130 Tadzhiks
301 Tadzhiks
772 Russians(wlth
thalassemia)
770 Kizil-Ketmen(males)
PLACE
Jangiabad and Ozod
Shurchin Region, Uzbekistan SSR
Bajsun, Bajsun Region,
Uzbekistan SSR
Ok-Oltyn collective farm
Jaglabad, Shurchin Region,
Uzbekistan SSR
AA Zhdanova collective
farm, Shurchin Region,
Uzbekistan SSR
Akhunbabaev collective
farm, Ozod, Shurchin
Region, Uzbekistan SSR
South Tadjikistan
Shaartuzsk Region
Kysyl-su and Yakh-su River
Val lay and Kulyabsky
Region, Tadzhik SSR
Voseisk Region,
Tadzhik SSR
South Tadzikistan
Tadzhik SSR
Turkmenka I Insky
Turkmen SSR
North Tadzhikistan
Tadzhik SSR
Western Pamirs,
Tadzhikstan
770 Kizil-Ketmen(females) Tadzhikstan
770 Kizil-Ketmen
Tadzhikstan and Uzbekstan
Tadzhikstan
Tadzhikstan
175
NUMBER
TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS
900
70
HbTh
HbTh
Th
Th
1021 Th
11041 HTGd
Gd
Gd
Gd
Gd
Gd
1161 HbTh
79
298
399
Gd
Gd
Gd
8201 HbTh
bTh=135(15.0)
bTh=O
bTh=2( 1.91)
bTh=221(20.0), AE=23(2.0), AD=14(1.3)
gdef=88(8.0)
gdef=(1.1)
gdef=(2.4)
gdef=(0.7)
gdef=(2.1)
gdef=O
A2=0. A=116
gdef=38(48.1)
gdef=34( 11.4)
gdef=80(20.1)
A2=224(27.3), AD=15(1.8), AE=29(3.5)
GENE
FREQUENCIES
qbTh=.060
qE=O
qD=.0015
qbTh=O
qE=O
qD=O
qbTh=.075
qbTh=.0098
qbTh=.100
qE=.010
qD= .006
qA= 1.00
qdef=.114
qbTh= . 136
qD= .009

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED .SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
U.S.S.R.
770 Arab-Chona Tadzhikstan 78 Gd gdef=2(2.6)
773 Tadzhiks Tadzhikistan , 1104 Hb AD=15(1.4)
2130 Tadzhik Kystakoz, Khodzhen Region, 100 Gd gdef=O
South Tadzhikistan
2130 Tadzhik Kylangir, Khodzhen Region, 1201 Gd I gdef=O
South Tadzhikistan
2130 Tadzhik Nougilen. Isfarin Region, 157 Gd gdef=O
South Tadzhikistan
2130 Tadzhik Muminobad. KUlyab Region. 200 Gd gdef=3(1.5)
North Tadzhlkistan
176
I I 1=01.
I
qD= .007
2131 Tadzhik Muminobad, KUlyab Region. 200 Th bTh=4(2.0) I qbTh=.01
North Tadzhikstan
2130 Tadzhik Gysh, KUlyab Region, 70 Gd gdef =1( 1.4)
North Tadzhikistan
2131 Tadzhik Gysh. KUlyab Region. '70 Th bTh=1( 1.4) I qbTh=.007
North Tadzhikstan
2130 Tadzhik Kulchashma. Kulyab Region. 100 Gd gdef=1(1.0)
North Tadzhikistan
2131 Tadzhik Kulchashma. Kulyab Region. 100 Th bTh=2(2.0) I qbTh=.010
North Tadzhikstan
2130 Tadzhik Sarmajdon. KUlyab Region, 100 Gd gdef=O
North Tadzhikistan
2131 Tadzhik Sarmajdon, KUlyab Region, 100 Th bTh=2(2.0) I qbTh= .010
North Tadzhikstan
2130 Tadzhik Nondzhimas. Vosej Region. 139 Gd gdef=3(2.2)
North Tadzhikistan
2131 Tadzhik Nondzhimas, Vosej Region, 139 Th bTh=4(2.9) I qbTh=.014
North Tadzhikstan
2130 Tadzhik Lower Pushon, Vosej Region, 72 Gd gdef=2(2.7)
North Tadzhikistan
2131 Tadzhik Lower Pushon, Vosej Region. 72 Th bTh=1( 1.4) I qbTh=.007
North Tadzhikstan

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
I 1 I
U.S.S.R.
2130 Tadzhik Central and Upper Pushon 781 Gd / gdef=2(2.6)
Vosej Region. North
Tadzhikistan
2131 Tadzhik Central and Upper Pushon 78 1 Th I bTh= 1( 1 .3) I qbTh=.006
Vosej Region. North
Tadzhikstan
2130 Lokaj Dzharypul Valley, Soviet 143/ Gd / gdef =1(0.7)
Region. Tadzhikistan
2131 Lokaj DZharypul Valley. Soviet 1431 Th 1 bTh=1(O.7)
Region, Tadzhikstan
2130 Turkmen Turkmenkalin Region. 481 Gd I gdef=1(2.1)
Turkmen SSR
2131 Turkmen Turkmenkalin Region, 150 1 Th I bTh=4(2.7) I qbTh=.013
Turkmen SSR
774 Uzbek and Tadzhik Kizil-Ketmen. Shartuz and HbTh qbTh=. 110
Nasir-Khisrau. Shartuz qE=.010
Region. Tadzhikistan SSR qD=.006
774 Tadzhik Dushanbe Region,
Tadzhikistan SSR
HbTh qbTh=.050
qE=O
qD=.010
774 Uzbek Bajsun, Bajsun Region.
Tadzhikistan SSR
177
1031 Th I bTh=O
774 Uzbek Kizil-Ketmen. Shartuz 8201 Th I bTh=224(27.3) I qbTh=.1365
Region. Tadzhikistan SSR
774 Uzbek and Tadzhik Shartuz. Shartuz Region, 1001 Th 1 bTh=3(3.0) I qbTh=.015
Tadzhikistan SSR
774 Uzbek and Tadzhik Nasir-Khisrau, Shartuz 951 Th I bTh=4(4.2) I qbTh=.021
Region, Tadzhikistan SSR
774 Arabs Arab-Khona, Tadzhikistan 791 Th I bTh=O
SSR
774 Tadzhik Dushanbe Region, 921 Th I bTh=9(9.6) 1 qbTh=.0489
Tadzhikistan SSR
1761 Uzbek(males) Fergan Valley 1076 Gd gdef=27(2.52)
1761 Uzbek(females) Fergan Valley 538 Gd gdef=13(2.41)
I
I qdef=.0252
1761 Russian(males) Fergan Valley 137 Gd gdef=3(2.17) I qdef=.0217

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
I I I
U.S.S.R.
1761 Buchar Jews(males) Fergan Valley 85 Gd gdef=5(5.88) qdef=.0588
1761 Tartar(males) Fergan Va 11ey 120 Gd gdef=4(3.33) qdef=.0333
1761 Ujhurs(males) Fergan Valley 111 Gd gdef=O
1761 Kirgiz(males) Fergan Valley 84 Gd gdef=2(2.36) qdef=.0236
1761 Korean(males) Fergan Valley 52 Gd gdef=3(5.77) qdef=.0577
1761 Kazakh(males) Fergan Valley 44 Gd gdef=1(2.28) qdef=.0228
1761 Tadzhik(males) Fergan Valley 41 Gd gdef=O
1761 Other(Gypsies Fergan Valley 60 Gd gdef=O
Greeks, Armenians)
(males)
1961 Nganasans(Tavghi) Taymyr, Siberia 2641 Hb I A=264
POLAND
1274 Poles(blood donors) Warsaw 201 Gd I gdef=O
(males)
1274 Poles(blood donors) Warsaw 201 Gd I gdef=O
(fema 1es)
1274 Poles(hemolytic Warsaw 501 Gd I gdef=4(8.0) I qdef=.008
anemia)(males)
1274 Poles(hemolytlc Warsaw 43 Gd gdef=O
anemi a) (fema1es)
884 Poles Lodz 1000 Gd gdef=2(0.2)
1235 Poles(students) 134 Gd gdef=11
2184 Poles(males) Olkusz, South Poland 50 Gd 'gdef= 1(2 .0) I qdef=.020
2184 Pol es(fema1es) Olkusz, South Poland 65 Gd gdef=O
HUNGARY
1711 Hungarians(wlth Budapest 371 Gd I gdef=O
jaundice)(males)
1711 Hungarians(with Budapest 331 Gd I gdef=1(3.0)
jaundice)(females)
1711 Greeks(with jaundice) Budapest 301 Gd I gdef=O
178

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
I I I
HUNGARY
1966 Hungarians(with Pees 761 Gd 1 gdef=O
jaundiee)(males)
1966 Hungarians(with Pees 421 Gd 1 gdef=O
jaundiee)(females)
2143 Hungarians(males) Kovaesvagas, Hegykoz 23 Gd gdef=1(4.3)
2143 Hungarians(females) Kovaesvagas, Hegykoz 22 Gd gdef=O
2143 Hungarians(males) Vegardo, Hegykoz 23 Gd gdef=O
2143 Hungarians(females) Vegardo, Hegykoz 32 Gd gdef=O
179
I qdef=.043
2143 Hungarians(males) Nagyrozvagy, Bodrogkoz 41 Gd gdef=4(9.8) I qdef=.098
2143 Hungarians(females) Nagyrozvagy, Bodrogkoz 26 Gd gdef=O
2143 Hungarians(males) Karesa, Bodrogkoz 33 Gd gdef=2(6.1) I qdef=.061
2143 Hungarians(females) Karesa, Bodrogkoz 43 Gd gdef=3(7.0)
2143 Hungarians(males) Semjen, Bodrogkoz 11 Gd gdef = 1( 9 . 1 ) I qdef=.091
2143 Hungarians(females) Semjen, Bodrogkoz 12 Gd gdef=O
2143 Hungarians(males) Kenezlo, Bodrogkoz 22 Gd gdef=1(4.5) I qdef=.045
2143 Hungarians(females) Kenezlo, Bodrogkoz 31 Gd gdef=1(3.2)
2143 Hungarians(males) Bodroghalom, Bodrogkoz 4 Gd gdef=O
2143 Hungarians(females) Bodroghalom, Bodrogkoz 1 Gd gdef=O
2143 Hungarians(males) Paein, Bodrogkoz 31 Gd gdef=O
2143 Hungarians(females) Paein, Bodrogkoz 30 Gd gdef=O
2143 Hungarians(males) Kisrozvaey, Bodrogkoz 13 Gd gdef=O
2143 Hungarians(females) Kisrozvaey, Bodrogkoz 10 Gd gdef=O
2143 Hungarians(males) Laeaeseke, Bodrogkoz 7 Gd gdef=O
2143 Hungarians(females) Laeaeseke, Bodrogkoz 5 Gd gdef=O
2143 Hungarians(males) Damoe, Bodrogkoz 18 Gd gdef=O
2143 Hungarians(females) Damoe. Bodrogkoz 22 Gd gdef=O
2143 Hungarians(males) Zemplenagard, Bodrogkoz 14 Gd gdef=O

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
I I I
HUNGARY
2143 Hungarians(females) Zemplenagard, Bodrogkoz 81 Gd 1 gdef=O
2143 Hungarians(males) Revleanyvar, Bodrogkoz 5 Gd gdef=O
2143 Hungarians(females) Revleanyvar, Bodrogkoz 4 Gd gdef=O
2143 Hungarians(males) Riese, Bodrogkoz 26 Gd gdef=O
2143 Hungarians(females) Riese, Bodrogkoz 33 Gd gdef=O
2143 Hungarians(males) Cigand, Bodrogkoz 32 Gd gdef=O
2143 Hungarians(females) Cigand, Bodrogkoz 25 Gd gdef=O
2143 Hungarians(males) Tiszakarad, Bodrogkoz 27 Gd gdef=O
2143 Hungarians(females) Tiszakarad, Bodrogkoz 10 Gd gdef=O
2142 Hungarians Bodrog, Northeast Hungary 363 Hb Isickle=O
2142 Hungarians Bodrog, Northeast Hungary 233 Gd gdef=9(3.9)
CZECHOSLOVAKIA
2062 Slovaks Trnava, Slovakia 171 Hb A=171 qA= 1.00
2062 Gypsies Trnava, Slovakia 63 Hb A=63 qA= 1.00
ITALY
1726 Sici I ians West Sicily 5000 Hb sickle=8(0.2) I qS=.OO1
1727 Sici I ians West Sici iv 548 Th OsmRes=43(7 .8)
1727 Sicilians West Sici tv 743 Hb AS=5(0.7) , AC=1 IqS=.003
qC=.OO1
1432 Sici lians West Sici l y Gd gdef=( 1. 5)
2073 Sicilians(with bTh- Palermo 32 Th b+Th=.760, boTh=.167, dboTh=.055,
major or intermedia) db+Th=.018
1272 Sicil ians(newborn) Palermo 1317 Th Barts>1%=47(3.6), Barts(.2-.9%)=21(1.6) I qaTh=.018
1879 Sicilians Colonia, Palermo Province 972 Th OsmRes=43(4.4)
1879 Sici I ians Bagheria, Palermo Province 172 Th OsmRes=5(2.9)
1879 Sici I ians Aspra, Palermo Province 284 Th OsmRes=13(4.6)
1879 Sici I ians Agrigento, Agrigento 100 Th OsmRes=8(8.0)
Province
180

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
ITALY
1879 S1cil ians S. Leone. Agrigento 110 Th OsmRes=8(7.3)
Province
1879 S ici I ians Naro, Agrigento Province 2G9 Th OsmRes=i2(4.5)
1879 Sicilians Porto Empedocle 123 Th OsmRes=7(5.7)
Agrigento Province
1879 Sicilians Ribera, Agrigento Province 111 Th OsmRes=12(10.8)
1879 Sic11ians Menfi. Agrigento Province 110 Th OsmRes=8(7.3)
1879 Sicilians Sciacca. Agrigento 174 Th OsmRes=8(4.G)
Province
1879 Sici I ians Elsewhere, Agrigento 35 Th OsmRes=2(5.7)
Province
1432 S t c t I ians East Sicily Gd gdef=( 1.G)
1297 Sicilians Messina 250000 Th Th(hom)=41(0.02)
1882 Sici I ians Messina. Messina Province
7G51
181
Th I OsmRes=23(3.0)
I qTh=.013
1297 Sici I ians Barcelona 32000 Th Th(hom)=4(0.01) qTh=.Oll
1297 Sici I ians Basico 13001 Th I Th(hom)=1(0.08) qTh=.028
1297 Sicil ians Brolo 31001 Th 1 Th(hom)=1(0.03) qTh=.018
1297 Sici I ians Castanea 21001 Th I Th(hom)= 1(0.05) qTh=.022
1297 Sici I ians Castroreale 85001 Th I Th(hom)=4(0.05) qTh=.022
1297 Sici I ians Condro 10001 Th 1 Th(hom)=1(O.1) qTh=.032
1297 Sici I ians Lipari, Messina Province 3800
1
Th ITh(hom)=1(0.03) qTh=.01G
1297 Sicil ians Milazzo. Messina Province 27000 Th Th(hom)=12(0.04) qTh=.021
1882 Sici I ians Milazzo, Messina Province 90 Th OsmRes=5(5.G)
1297 Sici I ians Monforte Marina. Messina 340 Th Th(hom)= 1(0. 29) I qTh=.054
Province
1297 Sici I ians Montagnareale. Messina 2400 Th Th( hom) = 1( 0.04) I qTh=.020
Province
1297 Sicilians Naso. Messina Province 7300 Th Th(hom)=1 (0.01)
I qTh=.012
1297 Sici I ians Pace del Mela. Messina 3800 1 Th I Th(hom)=1(0.03) qTh=.01G
Province

REF .
NO. POPULATION
ITALY
1297 Sicilians
1297 Sicilians
1297 Sicilians
1297 Sicilians
1297 Sicilians
1297 Sicilians
1297 Sicilians
1297 Sicilians
1882 Sicilians
1297 Sicllians(total)
1879 Sicilians
PLACE
Patti, Messina Province 11000
S. Fratello. Messina 12000
Province
S. Marco D'Alunzio 5100
Messina Province
S. Agata, Militello 13000
Messina Province
S. Teresa Riva, Messina 6600
Province
Spatafora. Messina 4700
Province
Taormina, Messina Province 9000
Torregrotta, Messina 3100
Province
Giardini, Messina Province
Messina Province
Messina Province
182
NUMBER
TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS
61
405440
1803 Sicilians(1974-1975) Catania 19361 HbTh
1297 Sicilians Catania, Catania Province 4000001 Th
1879 Sicilians
1873 Sicilians
1801 Sicilians
1297 Sicilians
1297 s rcr i ians
1879 Sicilians
1297 Sicilians
1297 Sicilians
Catania Province
Catania, Sicily
Catania
Acireale
Adrano, Catania Province
Adrano, Catania Province
628
960
Th
Th
Th
Th
Th
Th
Th
Th
Th
Th
Th
1001 HbTh
47200
32130
154
Belpasso. Catania Province 11900
Biancavilla, Catania 20000
Province
Th
Th
Th
Th
Th
Th
Th
Th(hom)=3(0.03)
Th(hom)= 1(0.01)
Th( hom) =1(0.02)
Th(hom)=2(0.02)
Th(hom) =1(0.02)
Th(hom)=2(0.04)
Th(hom)=2(0.02)
Th(hom)=1(0.03)
OsmRes=6(9.8)
Th(hom)=83(0.02)
OsmRes=18(2.9)
bTh(hom)=66(3.4), bTh(het)=379(19.6)
AS=10(1.0), S=4(0.2). SbTh=22(1.1)
AH=5 families, AC=3(0.2)
ALepore Boston=4 families
AGSan Jose=1 family. AJOxford=1 family
Th(hom)=76(0.02)
OsmRes=35(3.7)
OsmRes=7(7.0), AS=1(1.0)
b(0)Th=16, b(+)Th=33
Th(hom)=6(0.01)
Th ( hom) =3 ( 0 . 0 1 )
OsmRes=9(5.8)
Th(hom)=5(0.04)
Th(hom)=5(0.02)
GENE
FREQUENCIES
qTh=.017
qTh=.009
qTh= .014
qTh=.012
qTh=.012
qTh=.021
qTh=.015
qTh=.018
qTh=.014
qbTh=.138
qS=.013
qC=.0008
qTh=.014
qS=.005
qTh=.011
qTh= .010
qTh=.020
qTh=.016

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTEO SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
ITALY
1297 Sicilians Bronte. Catania Province 21600 Th Th(hom)=3(0.01 ) IqTh=.012
1297 Sicilians Calatabiano, Catania 6100 Th Th(hom)=2(0.03) qTh=.018
Province
1297 Sicilians Caltagirone. Catania 38900 Th Th(hom)=2(0.005) I qTh=.007
Province
1297 Sici 1 ians Giarre, Catania Province 20200 Th Th(hom)=i(0.008)
I qTh=.007
1297 S i c t l ians Linguaglossa. Catania 6500 Th Th(hom)= i (0.02) qTh=.012
Province
i297 Sicilians Mascalucia. Catania 3600 Th Th(hom)=1(0.03) I qTh= .017
Province
1297 Sicilians Mi 1 i tello, Catania 11200 Th Th(hom)=3(0.03) I qTh=.016
Province
1297 Sicilians Palagonia, Catania 13900 Th Th(hom)=10(0.07) I qTh=.027
Province
1297 Sicilians Paterno, Catania Province 43700 Th Th(hom)=5(0.01) I qTh=.011
1879 Sicilians Paterno, Catania Province 343 Th OsmRes=14(4.1)
1297 Sici 1 ians Ramacca. Catania Province 10400 Th Th(hom)=2(0.02) qTh=.014
1297 Sicilians Randazzo. Catania Province 11000 Th Th( hom) = 1(0.01 ) qTh=.OlO
1297 Sicilians Riposto, Catania Province 12300 Th Th(hom)=2(0.02) qTh=.013
i297 S ici 1 ians San Cono. Catania 3300 Th Th(hom)= 1(0.03) qTh=.017
Province
1879 Sicilians Scordia, Catania Province 127 Th OsmRes=7(5.5)
1297 Sici 1 ians Sant'Alfio, Catania 2100 Th Th(hom)=1(0.05) I qTh=.022
Province
1297 Sicilians(total) Catania Province 716030 Th Th(hom)=130(0.02) I qTh=.013
1297 Sicilians Siracusa, Siracusa 109000 Th Th(hom)=10(0.01) qTh= .010
Province
1297 Sici 1 ians Augusta. Siracusa Province 27400 Th Th(hom)=5(0.02) I qTh=.014
1297 Sicilians Avola. Siracusa Province 34800 Th Th(hom)=7(0.02) IqTh=.014
1297 Sicilians Carlentini. Siracusa 12700 Th Th(hom)=4(0.03) qTh=.018
Province
183

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM . RESULTS FREQUENCIES
I I I
ITALY
1297 Sicilians Francofonte, Siracusa 158001 Th I Th(hom)=3(0.02) I qTh=.014
Province
1879 Sicilians Francofonte, Siracusa 1151 Th I OsmRes=8(7.0)
Province
1297 Sici llans Lentini, Siracusa Province 31750 Th Th(hom)=18(0.06) I qTh=.024
1879 Sicilians Lent ini, Siracusa Province 145 Th OsmRes=12(8.3)
1297 Sici lians Melilli, Siracusa Province 9200 Th Th( hom) = 1(0.01 ) qTh".010
1297 Sicilians Noto. Siracusa Province 25000 Th Th(hom)=2(0.08) qTh=.009
1879 s rc i t ians Noto, Siracusa Province 215 Th OsmRes=8(3.7)
1297 Sicilians Palazzolo, Siracusa 9110 Th Th(hom)=3(0.03) I qTh=.018
Province
1297 Sici I ians Priolo, Siracusa Province 7000 Th Th(hom)=2(0.02) qTh" .017
1297 Sicilians Scordia, Siracusa Province 14000 Th Th(hom)=4(0.03) qTh=.017
1297 Sici I ians Sortino, Siracusa Province 9900 Th Th(hom)=2(0.02) qTh".014
1297 Sicilians Villasmundo. Siracusa 1200 Th Th(hom) =1(0.08) qTh=.029
Province
1297 Sicilians(total) Siracusa Province 306860 Th Th(hom)=62(0.02) I qTh=.014
1879 Sicilians Siracusa Province 517 Th OsmRes=22(4.3)
1297 Sicll ians Ragusa, Ragusa Province 61800 Th Th(hom)=5(0.008)
1882 Sici lians Ragusa, Ragusa Province 132 Th OsmRes=17(12.9)
184
I qTh=.009
1297 Sicilians Acate, Ragusa Province 5670 Th Th ( hom) = 1( 0 .02 ) qTh=.013
1297 Sici I ians Comiso, Ragusa Province 26500 Th Th(hom)=1(0.003) qTh=.006
1297 Sicilians Espica, Ragusa Province 13200 Th Th(hom)= 1(0.007) qTh=.009
1882 Sicilians Ispica, Ragusa Province 62 Th OsmRes=6(9.7)
1297 Sicil ians Modica, Ragusa Province 44130 Th Th(hom)=2(0.005) qTh"'.007
1297 Sicilians Vittoria, Ragusa Province 46130 Th Th(hom)"'2(0.004) qTh"'.007
1882 Sici I ians Pozzallo, Ragusa Province 203 Th OsmRes=24(11.8)
1297 Sicilians(total) Ragusa Province 197430 Th Th(hom)=12(0.006) I qTh"'.008

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
I I I
ITALY
1297 Sicilians Enna, Enna Province 28200 Th Th(hom)=4(0.014) qTh=.012
1297 Sicilians Aldone, Enna Province 7550 Th Th(hom)=2(0.03) qTh=.016
1297 Sicil ians Barrafranca, Enna Province 14700 Th Th(hom)=1(0.006) qTh=.008
1297 Sici 1 ians Cal enenuova , Enna Province 4400 Th Th(hom)=1(0.022) qTh=.015
1297 Sicilians Cagl iano, Enna Province 4800 Th Th(hom)=1(0.02) qTh=.014
1297 Sicilians Pietraperzio, Enna 1300 Th Th(hom)=1(0.077) qTh=.028
Province
1297 Sicilians Regalbuto, Enna Province 11000 Th Th(hom)=1(0.009) I qTh= .010
1882 Sici 1 ians Regalbuto. Enna Province 64 Th OsmRes=5(7.8)
1297 Sicfl ians Trovina, Enna Province 13000 Th Th(hom)=4(0.03) I qTh=.018
1297 Sici I ians Valguarnera, Enna 13iOO Th Th(hom)=2(0.015) qTh=.Oi2
Province
1297 Sicflians(total) Enna Province 110350\ Th \ Th(hom)=17(0.015) I qTh=.012
1297 Sicilians Caltanfsetta, Caltanisetta 60000 Th Th(hom)=3(0.005) qTh=.007
Province
1879 Sfcilians Borgo Petilia 111 I Th I OsmRes=3(2.7)
Caltanissetta Province
1297 Sicilians Butera, Caltanfsetta 71301 Th I Th(hom)=4(0.06) I qTh=.024
Province
i297 Sfcfl ians Gela, Caltanisetta 670001 Th I Th( hom) =8( O. o i ) I qTh=.011
Provfnce
1879 Sicflians Gela, Caltanfssetta 2271 Th 1 OsmRes=20(8.8)
Provfnce
1873 Sicf 1 fans Gela, Caltanissetta 140/ HbTh / OsmRes=iO(7. i), AS=6(4.3) I qS=.021
Province
1297 Sfci 1 ians Niscemi, Caltanfsetta 24000 Th Th(hom)=i(0.004) I qTh=.006
Province
f297 Sicilians Riesi, Caltanisetta 18200 Th Th(hom)=4(0.02) I qTh=.015
Province
i297 Sic f 1 i ans S. Cataldo, Caltanisetta 225001 Th I Th(hom)=2(0.009) I qTh=.009
Provfnce
185

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
I I I
ITALY
1·715 Italians Calabria Hb ANorfolk=1 fami ly, AJDxford=3 families
18B2 Calabrians Reggio Calabria 371 Th OsmRes=13(3.5)
352 Calabrians Cosenza, Cosenza Province Th OsmRes=(4.0)
352 Calabrians Piane Crati. Cosenza Th OsmRes=(4.4)
Province
352 Calabrians Castrovi t t ar t ,
Province
Cosenza I Th I OsmRes=(10.0)
352 Calabrians Amantea, Cosenza Province
I Th
I OsmRes=(4.7)
352 Calabrians Roseto Capo Spulico
Cosenza Province
Th OsmRes=(12.B)
352 Calabrians Rocca Imperiale, Cosenza I Th I OsmRes=(6.6)
Province
352 Calabrians Amendolara. Cosenza I Th I OsmRes=(9.6)
Province
352 Calabrians Trebisacce, Cosenza I Th I OsmRes=(6.8)
Province
352 Calabrians Cassano Ionio, Cosenza I Th I OsmRes=(10.8)
Province
352 Calabrians Paola, Cosenza Province Th OsmRes=(3.6)
352 Calabrians Cariati, Cosenza Province Th OsmRes=(6.8)
352 Calabrians Terranova di Sibari Th OsmRes=(12.2)
Cosenza Province
352 Albanians Spezzano Albanese I Th I OsmRes=(9.2)
Cosenza Province
352 Calabrians Corigliano Calabro
Cosenza Province
I Th I OsmRes=(8.1)
352 Calabrians Rossano, Cosenza Province
I Th
I OsmRes=(5.6)
352 Calabrians S. Lucido, Cosenza
Province
Th OsmRes=(4.1)
352 Calabrians Acr i, Cosenza Province
I Th
I OsmRes=(3.4)
352 Albanians S. Demetrio Corone
Cosenza Province
Th OsmRes=(7.5)
187

REF. NUMBIiR GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
I
ITALY
352 Albanians Rota Greca. Cosenza Th OsmRes=(8.0)
Province
352 Calabrians S. Giovanni in Fiore Th OsmRes=(6.6)
Province
352 Albanians S. Martino di F1nita Th OsmRes=(9.1)
Cosenza Province
352 Calabrians Panettieri. Cosenza Th OsmRes=(3.8)
Province
352 Calabrlans Scalea. Cosenza Province Th OsmRes=(10.0)
352 Albanians lungro, Cosenza Province Th OsmRes=(1.2)
352 Albanians Frascineto. Cosenza Th OsmRes=(3.6)
Province
352 Calabrians Bisignano. Cosenza Th OsmRes=(6.7)
Province
352 Calabrians Montalto Uffugo. Cosenza Th OsmRes=(3.5)
Province
352 Calabrians Cerchiara di Calabria Th OsmRes=(16.0)
Cosenza Province
352 Calabrians Francavilla. Cosenza Th OsmRes=(12.7)
Province
352 Calabrians Villapiana. Cosenza Th OsmRes=(13.5)
Province
352 Albanians Plataci Th OsmRes=(5.5)
352 Calabrians Calopezzati. Cosenza Th OsmRes=(16.0)
Province
352 Calabrians Montegiordano. Cosenza Th OsmRes=(5.3)
Province
352 Albanians c f v t t a , Cosenza Province Th OsmRes=(7.8)
352 Calabrians Roggiano Gravina, Cosenza Th OsmRes=(2.2)
Province
352 Calabrians Torano Castello. Cosenza Th OsmRes=(13.2)
Province
352 Calabrians Praia a Mare, CosenZa Th OsmRes=(4.1)
Province
188

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTEO SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
ITALY
352 Calabrians Sartano. Cosenza Province Th OsmRes=(18.1)
.352 Calabrians Mongrassano, Cosenza Th OsmRes=(G.3)
Province
352 Albanians Cerzeto, Cosenza Province Th OsmRes=(14.1)
352 Albanians Cavallerizzo, Cosenza Th OsmRes=(7.4)
Province
352 Albanians S. Caterina Albanese Th OsmRes=(3.5)
Cosenza Province
352 Calabrians Malvfto, Cosenza Province Th OsmRes=(2.7)
352 Calabrians Mottafollone, Cosenza Th OsmRes=(5.2)
Province
352 Calabrians Fagnano Castello, Cosenza Th OsmRes=(1.4)
Province
352 Calabrians Guardia Piemontese Th OsmRes=(l.G)
Cosenza Province
352 Calabrians Lattarico, Cosenza Th OsmRes=(2.4)
Province
352 Calabrians S. Marco Arentano, Cosenza Th OsmRes=(2.2)
Province
352 Calabrians S. Pietro in Guarano Th OsmRes=(4.8)
Cosenza Province
352 Calabrians Castiglione Cosentino Th OsmRes"'(17.7)
Cosenza Province
352 Albanians Vaccarizzo Albanese Th OsmRes=(7.1)
Cosenza Province
352 Albanians S. Cosmo Albanese Th OsmRes=(2.5)
Cosenza Province
352 Albanians S. Basi l e , Cosenza Th OsmRes=(4.1)
Province
352 Albanians S. Lorenzo del Vallo Th OsmRes=( 10.7)
Cosenza Province
352 Calabrians Saracena, Cosenza Province Th OsmRes=(2.3)
352 Calabrians Tarsia. Cosenza Province Th OsmRes=(4.0)
189

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
I
ITALY
352 Albanians S. Benedetto Ulbano Th OsmRes=(6.5)
Cosenza Province
352 Calabrians t.aur-opo t t • Cosenza Th OsmRes=(5.2)
Province
352 Calabrians Doria, Cosenza Province Th OsmRes=(3.7)
352 Calabrians Oriolo Calabro, Cosenza Th OsmRes=(8.4)
Province
352 Albanians S. Sofia D'Epiro, Cosenza Th OsmRes=(5.7)
Province
352 Albanians Firmo, Cosenza Province Th OsmRes=(3.3)
352 Calabrians S. Domenica Talao Th OsmRes=(1.6)
Cosenza Province
352 Calabrians Nocara. Cosenza Province Th OsmRes=( 10.0)
352 Calabrians Canna, Cosenza Province Th OsmRes=(3.8)
352 Calabrians Casole Bruzio, Cozenza Th OsmRes=(1.4)
Province
352 Calabrians Trenta, Cosenza Province Th OsmRes=(6.2)
352 Calabrians Crosia, Cosenza Province Th OsmRes=(6.3)
352 Calabrians Dipignano, Cosenza Th OsmRes=(O.7)
Province
352 Calabrians Mirto, Cosenza Province Th OsmRes=(7.3)
352 Calabrians Altomonte, Cosenza Th OsmRes=(5.4)
Province
352 Calabrians Cleto, Cosenza Province Th OsmRes=(4.5)
352 Calabrians S. Agata D'Esaro Th OsmRes=(2.9)
Cosenza Province
352 Calabrians Bianchi. Cosenza Province Th OsmRes=(2.2)
352 Calabrians Colosimi, Cosenza Province Th OsmRes=(i.3)
352 Calabrians Mandatoriccio, Cosenza Th OsmRes=(4.6)
Province
352 Calabrians Castroregio. Cosenza Th OsmRes=(10.3)
Province
190

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
ITALY
352 Calabrians Pietrapaola, Cosenza Th OsmRes=(3.5)
Province
352 Calabrians Campana, Cosenza Province Th OsmRes=(13.3)
352 Calabrians Albidona, Cosenza Province Th OsmRes=(6.6)
352 Calabrians Bocchigliero, Cosenza "Th OsmRes=(5.7)
Province
352 Calabrians Caloveto, Cosenza Province Th OsmRes=(9.4)
352 Calabrians Scala Coeli, Cosenza Th OsmRes=(9.9)
Province
352 Calabrians Longobucco, Cosenza Th OsmRes=(4.5)
Province
352 Calabrians Terravecchia, Cosenza Th OsmRes= (10. 1)
Province
352 Calabrians S. Lorenzo Bellizzi Th OsmRes=(12.5)
Cosenza Province
352 Calabrians Paludi, Cosenza Province Th OsmRes=(2.6)
352 Calabrians Cropalati, Cosenza Th OsmRes=(5.8)
Province
352 Calabrians Fiumefreddo Bruzio Th OsmRes=( 1.6)
Cosenza Province
352 Calabrians Longgobardi, Cosenza Th OsmRes=(4.6)
Province
352 Calabrians Mal ito, Cosenza Province Th OsmRes=(5.4)
352 Calabrians Grimaldi, Cosenza Th OsmRes=(1.1)
Province
352 Calabrians Morano Calabro Th OsmRes=(3.1)
Province
352 Albanians S. Giorgio Albanese Th OsmRes=(3.1)
Cosenza Province
352 Calabrians Diamante, Cosenza Province Th OsmRes=(2.8)
352 Calabrians(total) Cosenza Province 26230 Th OsmRes=1624(6.2)
352 Calabrians Soveria Mannelli I Th I OsmRes=(7.1)
Catanzaro Province
191

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
ITALY
352 Calabr1ans Crotone. Catanzaro Th OsmRes=(6.6)
Province
352 Calabrians Isola Capo Rizzuto Th OsmRes=(15.2)
Catanzaro Province
352 Calabrians Cutro. Catanzaro Province I Th I OsmRes=(6.9)
352 Calabrians Roccabernarda. Catanzaro Th OsmRes=(19.7)
Province
352 Calabrians Ciro Superiore, Catanzaro Th OsmRes=(10.0)
Province
352 Calabrians Ciro Marina. Catanzaro Th OsmRes=(8.4)
Province
352 Calabrians Mesoraca, Catanzaro Th OsmRes=(10.0)
Province
352 Calabrians Petilia Policastro Th OsmRes=(5.3)
Catanzaro Province
352 Calabrians Belvedere Spinell i Th OsmRes=(11.1)
Catanzaro Province
352 Calabrians Rocca oi Neto Th OsmRes=(13.0)
Catanzaro .Province
352 Calabrians Caccur t • Catanzaro Th OsmRes=(4.1)
Province
352 Calabrians Cerenzia. Catanzaro Th OsmRes=(9.0)
Province
352 Calabrians S. Severina, Catanzaro Th OsmRes=(15.9)
Province
352 Calabrians S. Mauro Marchesato Th OsmRes=(17.5)
Province
352 Calabrians Savell i , Catanzaro Th OsmRes=(2.1)
Province
352 Calabrians Botricello. Catanzaro Th OsmRes=(14.5)
Province
352 Calabrians Maida, Catanzaro Th OsmRes=(7.0)
Province
352 Calabrians Curinga. Catanzaro Th OsmRes=(9.7)
Province
192

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
I I I
ITALY
352 Ca1abrians Sta1etti, Catanzaro I Th I OsmRes= ( 11 . 1 )
Province
352 Ca1abrians Montauro, Catanzaro I Th I OsmRes=(7.7)
Province
352 Ca1abrians Badolato, Catanzaro I Th I OsmRes=(11.2)
Province
352 Ca1abrians Pizzo Calabro I Th I OsmRes=(12.4)
Catanzaro Province
352 Calabrians Tropea, Catanzaro Province
I
193
Th I OsmRes=(7.1)
352 Ca1abrians Strongo1i, Catanzaro Th OsmRes=(13.1)
Province
352 Ca1abrians Sambiase, Catanzaro I Th I OsmRes=(2.8)
Province
352 Calabrians(total) Catanzaro Province 7005 Th OsmRes=691(9.9)
1386 Ita1ians(ma1es) Leece Province 275 Gd gdef=6(2.2) qdef=.02
1892 Ita1 ians Leece Province 992 HbTh A2=67/F=0/A2F=2(7.0), B2=I, qbTh=.035
OsmRes=65(6.6) qB2=.0005
1880 Italians Salentino Sal ice District 7431 Th I OsmRes=84(11.3)
Leece Province
1880 Ita1 ians Leece, Leece Province
177\
Th \ OsmRes=9(5.1)
, 1880 Italians Muro District, Leece
Province
348 Th OsmRes=37(10.6)
1880 Ita I ians Ga 11 i po1 i , Leece 2551 Th I OsmRes=15(5.9)
Province
1880 Italians Matino, Leece Province 626 Th OsmRes=45(7.2)
246 Italians Apu1 ia 727 Hb AD=2(O.3) qD=.OOI4
247 Ita1 ians Town in Apu1 ia 923 Th A2=53/F=9/A2F=1(6.8), OsmRes=96(10.4) qbTh=.034
989 Ita1ians(cord blood) Apul i a, Pug1 i a 550 Th Barts2=9(1.6) qaHl= .039
1893 Italians Puglia and Basilicata 652 Hb AG=l qG=.0008
989 Italians Bari, Pug1 t a 1367 Th aTh=37(2.7) qaTh=.014
247 Italians Bari 923 th A2=65!F=94/A2F=20(19.4), DsmRes=22 qbTh=.097

REF.
NO. POPULATION
ITALY
1418 Italians(males)
1631 Italians
1631 Italians
1631 Italians
1882 Ital ians
1882 Ital ians
PLACE
Matera. Basilica Provo
Ottaviano. Naples Province
Pozzuoli. Naples Province
Aversa, Caserta Province
Naples. Naples Province
Naples Province
195
NUMBER
TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS
14
590
509
265
914
754
Gd
Th
Th
Th
Th
Th
gdef =1( 7 . 1)
OsmRes=17(2.9)
OsmRes=33(6.5)
OsmRes=14(5.3)
OsmRes=16(1.8)
OsmRes=18(2.4)
1203 Ital ians Naples Province 30001 HbTh A2=81(2.7), OsmRes=83(2.8). S=3(0.1),
AS=10(0.3). ALepore=6(0.2)
233 ItaIi ans Carinola. Caserta
Province
1575 Italians(cord blood) Naples
978 Italians(newborn) Campania
1590 Italians(neonates) Campania
1575 Italians(children) Naples
945 Italians(newborn) Naples
1634 Italians Campania
1633 Italians Campania
1G30 Italians(1959-1976) Naples
905 Th OsmRes=86(9.5)
20681 Th
11471 Th
3191 Th
5351 Th
501 Hb
255851 HbTh
440001 HbTh
518001 HbTh
Barts1%=5(0.2)
Barts(1-3.5%)=22(1.9), Barts>3.5%=3(0.3)
Barts=9(2.72)
A2=13(2.4)
FSardinia=28(56.0)
A2=1450/F=4(5.7). AS=88(0.3). AO=12, AG=10,
ACaserta=3, AC=6, AJ1=1. AJ2=6,
ALepore=49(0.2), Barts=1
Th(het)=2672(6.1). OsmRes=251(0.G)
Th(int)=110(0.2), abTh(hom)=1. adTh(hom)=1
MaladeSilvestroni=37. AS=10G(0.2). S=2
ALepore=131(0.3), AJOxford=12, AD=12
AD=12. AC=G, F=4. AE=1, AJSardegna=2
ADLosAngeles=1
OsmRes(het)=352G(G.8), OsmRes(hom)=320(0.G)
Th(int)=115(0.2), Barts=1. AH=1, F/A2=4
MdiSilvestroni=39(0.1). AS=132(0.3). 5=1
ALepore=192(0.4). AJOxford=12.
AD=15, AC=G, AJSardegna=2, AE=1,
ADLosAngeles=1. ALenta=G
GENE
FREQUENCIES
qdef=.071
qbTh=.014
q5=.003
qLepore=.001
qaTh=.009
qaTh=.011
qaTh=.014
qbTh=.012
qAgT=.280
qbTh=.028
qS=.002
qD" .0002
qG".0002
qC".0001
qJ1 =0.00
qJ2=.0001
qLepore=.001
qaTh=O.OO
qTh=.034
qM.S.=.0004
qS".001
qLepore".002
qJOxf".0001
qO".0001
qTh".040
qC".OOOOG
qE".00002
qJ=.00002
qL.A.".00001
q5".001

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
ITALY
1883 Italians(cord blood) Roma. Roma Province 3556 Th Barts=9(0.3) I qaTh=.001
783 Ital1ans Fiano Romano. Roma 220 Th OsmRes=18(8.2)
Province
1888 Italians(students) Albano. Rome Province 1374 Th OsmRes=24(1.75) qTh=.009
1888 Italians(students) Anzio. Rome Province 979 Th OsmRes=29(2.96) qTh=.015
1888 Italians(students) Ariccia. Rome Province 172 Th OsmRes=2( 1.16) qTh=.006
1888 Italians(students) Artena, Rome Province 394 Th OsmRes=6(1.5) qTh=.008
1886 ItaI1ans(students) Artena. Rome Province 159 Th OsmRes=2(1.25) qTh=.006
1888 Ita11ans(students) Bracciano, Rome Province 445 Th OsmRes=9(2.0) qTh=.010
1888 Italians(students) Campagnano, Rome Province 239 Th OsmRes=11(4.6) qTh=.023
1888 Itallans(students) Castel Gandolfo. Rome 140 Th OsmRes=O
Province
1888 Itallans(students) Cave, Rome Province 221 Th OsmRes= 1(0.4) qTh=.002
1888 Italians(students) Ciampino, Rome Province 795 Th OsmRes=12( 1.5) qTh=.008
1888 Italians(students) Civitavecchia. Rome 1932 Th OsmRes=55(2.8) qTh=.014
Province
1886 Italians(students) Civitavecchia. Rome Prov 292 Th OsmRes=6(2.1) qTh= .010
1888 Italians(students) Colleferro. Rome Province 1069 Th OsmRes=25(2.3) qTh=.012
1886 Italians(students) Colleferro, Rome Province 185 Th OsmRes=2(1.08) qTh=.005
1888 Italians(students) Fiano Romano, Rome 57 Th OsmRes=1(1.8) I qTh=.009
Province
1888 Italians(students) Frascatl. Rome Province 794 Th OsmRes=20(2.5) I qTh=.013
1888 Itallans(students) Gall igano. Rome Province 54 Th OsmRes=O
1888 Italians(students) Genzano. Rome Province 758 Th OsmRes=18(2.4) I qTh=.012
1888 Italians(students) Guidonia. Rome Province 1578 Th OsmRes=37(2.4) qTh=.012
1888 Italians(students) Lanuvio. Rome Province 291 Th OsmRes=13(4.5) I qTh=.022
1888 Italians(students) Marino. Rome Province 870 Th OsmRes= 16( 1.8) I qTh=.009
1888 Italians(students) Mentana, Rome Province 908 Th OsmRes=14(1.5) I qTh=.008
197

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
I I I
ITALY
1886 Ital ians(students) Bagnaia and Vitorchiano, 56 1 Th I OsmRes=2(3.57) I qTh=.018
Viterbo Province
1886 Ital ians(students) Celleno. Graffignano. and 741 Th I OsmRes=2(2.70) I qTh=.014
Grotte S. Stefano, Viterbo
Province
1894 Italians(students) Capranica. Viterbo 1631 Th I OsmRes=3( 1 .8) I qTh=.009
Province
1894 Italians(students) Caprarola, Vi terbo 1721 Th I OsmRes=2(1.2) I qTh=.006
Province
1894 Ital ians(students) Civita Casterllana. 6421 Th I OsmRes=17(2.6) I qTh=.013
Viterbo Province
1894 Ital ians(students) Ischia di Castro, Viterbo 1361 Th I OsmRes=1(0.7) I qTh=.004
Province
1894 Italians(students) Montalto di Castro. 2361 Th 1 OsmRes=5(2.1) I qTh=.011
Viterbo Province
1894 Italians(students) Montefiascone. Viterbo 446 Th OsmRes=5(1.1) qTh=.006
1894 Italians(students) Orte, Viterbo Province 316 Th OsmRes=15(4.8) qTh=.024
1894 Italians(students) Ronciglione. Vi terbo 240 Th OsmRes=5(2.1) qTh=.OlO
Province
1894 Italians(students) Soriano nel Cimino. 2931 Th 1 Osmres=9(3. 1 ) I qTh=.015
Viterbo Province
1894 Italians(students) Tarquinia. VI terbo 4691 Th I OsmRes=9(i.9) I qTh=.OlO
Province
1886 Italians(students) Targuinia, Viterbo 831 Th I OsmRes=i(1.20) I qTh=.006
Province
1894 Italians(students) Tuscania. Viterbo Provine 286 Th OsmRes=4(i.4) qTh=.007
1894 Italians(students) Vetralla. Vlterbo Provine 394 Th OsmRes=9(2.3) qTh=.01i
1894 Italians(students) Vignanello, Viterbo 215 Th OsmRes=5(2.3) qTh=.Oi2
Province
1894 Italians(students) Viterbo. Viterbo Province 2893 Th OsmRes=72(2.5) qTh=.Oi2
1886 Italians(students) Viterbo. Viterbo Province 735 Th OsmRes=18(2.44) qTh=.012
1894 Italians(students) Viterbo Province 7966 Th OsmRes=i85(2.3) qTh=.012
(total)
199

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
I I I
ITALY
1886 Italians(students) Viterbo Province 10591 Th I OsmRes=30(2.83) I qTh=.014
(total)
1889 Italians(students) Viterbo 747
1889 Italians(students) Viterbo Province 1667 1 Th bTh=27(1.6). aTh=1(0.06).
ALepore=2(0.01)
F=O qbTh=.008
qaTh=.0003
qLep=.0006
200
Th IbTh=16(2.1). aTh=O. F=O. ALepore=O qbTh= .011
234 Italians Viterbo Province 106051 Th 1 bTh=202(1.9). aTh=28(0.3). F=1. HbLepore=2 IqbTh=.OtO
(schoolchildren) qaTh=.001
qLep=.OOO1
1890 Ita11ans(students) Apr ilia. Latina Province 1226 Th OsmRes=39(3.2) qTh=.016
1890 Italians(students) Casterforte, Latina 182 Th OsmRes=11(6.0) qTh=.030
Province
1890 Italians(students) Cisterna, Latina Province 967 Th OsmRes=23(2.4) qTh=.012
1890 Italians(students) cor t , Latina Province 138 Th OsmRes=4(2.9) qTh=.014
1890 Italians(students) Fondi, Latina Province 1349 Th OsmRes=39(2.9) qTh=.014
1886 Italians(students) Fondi, Latina Province 290 Th OsmRes=13(4.48) qTh=.022
1890 Italians(students) Formia, Latina Province 1575 Th OsmRes=54(3.4) qTh=.017
1886 Italians(students) Formia, Latina Province 332 Th OsmRes= 1O( 3.01 ) qTh=.015
1890 Italians(students) Gaeta, Latina Province 1111 Th OsmRes=26(2.3) qTh=.012
1886 Italians(students) Gaeta, Latina Province 245 Th OsmRes=6(2.44) qTh=.012
1890 Italians(students) Itri, Latina Province 92 Th OsmRes= 1( 1 . 1 ) qTh=.005
1890 Italians(students) Latina, Latina Province 4210 Th OsmRes=113(2.7) qTh=.013
1890 Italians(students) Lenola. Latina Province 85 Th OsmRes= 2 (2.4) qTh=.012
1890 Italians(students) Minturno, Latina Province 679 Th OsmRes=30(4.4) qTh=.022
i890 Italians(students) Monte S. Biagio. Latina 151 Th OsmRes=3(2.0) qTh= .010
Province
1890 Ital ians(students) Pontinia, Latina Province 295 Th OsmRes=8(2.7) qTh=.Oi4
1890 Italians(students) Priverno, Latina Province 535 Th OsmRes=5(0.9) qTh=.005
1890 Italians(students) Sabaudia. Latina Province 451 Th OsmRes=9(2.0) qTh=.010

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
I 1 I
ITALY
1890 Italians(students) S. Cosma E Damiano, 821 Th I OsmRes=2(2.4) I qTh=.012
Latina Province
1890 Italians(students) S. Felice Circeo, Latina 2441 Th 1 OsmRes=10(4.1) I qTh=.020
Province
1890 Italians(students) Sezze, Latina Province 693 Th OsmRes=20(2.9) qTh=.014
1890 Italians(students) Sperlonge, Latina Province 55 Th OsmRes=3(5.5) qTh=.027
1890 Italians(students) Terracina, Latina Province 1191 Th OsmRes=37(3.1) qTh=.016
1890 Italians(students) Latina Province 15311 Th OsmRes=439(2.9) qTh=.014
(total)
1886 Italians(students) Latina Province 867 Th OsmRes=29(3.44) qTh= .017
1889 Italians(students) Latina Province 15311 Th OsmRes=439(2.9) qTh=.014
1889 Italians(students) Latina 1516 Th bTh=38(2.5), aTh=3(0.2). F=O qbTh=.012
ALepore= 1( 0.07) qaTh=.001
qLep=.0003
1889 Italians(students) Latina Province 38691 Th I bTh=80(2.1), aTh=15(0.4) , F=O, ALepore=O qbTh= .010
qaTh=.002
234 Italians Latina Province 211711 Th I bTh=501(2.4), aTh=77(0.4) , ALepore= 11(0.1 ) qbTh=.012
qaTh=.002
qLep=.0003
1887 Ital ians(students) Alatri, Frosinone Province 838 Th OsmRes=5(0.6) qTh=.003
1887 Italians(students) Anagni, Frosinone Province 570 Th OsmRes= 10( 1 .8) qTh=.009
1887 Italians(students) Arpino, Frosinone Province 155 Th OsmRes=O
1887 Italians(students) Cassino, Frosinone 14851 Th 1 OsmRes=35(2.4) I qTh=.012
Province
1886 Italians(students) Cassino, Frosinone Provo 585
201
Th I OsmRes=13(2.22) I qTh=. 011
1887 Italians(students) Ceccano, Frosinone 864 1 Th OsmRes=8(0.9) qTh=.005
Province
1887 Italians(students) Ceprano, Frosinone 2051 Th 1 OsmRes=2(1.0) I qTh=.005
Province
1887 Italians(students) Ferentino, Frosinone 6571 Th 1 OsmRes=11(1.7) I qTh=.008
Province
1887 Italians(students) Fiuggi, Frosinone Province 1211 Th I OsmRes=6(5.0) I qTh=.025

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
I I I
ITALY
377 Ital ians Perugia, Umbria Province 1557 Gd gdef=O
1882 I ta I ians Copparo, Ferrara Province 626 Th OsmRes=78(12.5)
157 Ital ians Copparo, Ferrara 7072 Th OsmRes=645(9.1) qTh=.046
766 Ital ians(males) Copparo, Ferrara 165 Gd gdef=8(4.8) qdef=.048
1882 Italians Migliarino, Ferrara 488 Th OsmRes=55(".3)
Province
157 Ital ians Migliarino-Migliaro, Ferrara 2239 Th OsmRes=234(10.5) I qTh=.052
1882 Italians Massa Fiscaglia, Ferrara 557 Th OsmRes=65(".7)
Province
157 Italians Massa Fiscaglia, Ferrara 17i8 Th OsmRes=203(1'.8)
i882 Ita! ians Comacchio, Ferrara 279 Th OsmRes=23(8.2)
Province
157 Italians Comacchio, Ferrara 4527 Th OsmRes=317(7.0)
766 Italians(males) Comacchio, Ferrara 137 Gd gdef=3(2.2)
1882 Ital ians Portomaggiore, Ferrara 1301 Th OsmRes='5'(".6)
Province
204
I qTh=.059
I qTh=.035
157 Italians Porto Maggiore, Ferrara 2795 Th OsmRes=233(8.3) qTh=.042
766 !tal ians(males) Porto Maggiore, Ferrara 124 Gd gdef=3(2.4) qdef=.024
1882 Ital ians San Giovanni. Ferrara 228 Th OsmRes=14(6.1)
Province
1882 Italians Rovereto, Ferrara Province 435 Th OsmRes=46( 10.6)
1882 I ta I t ans Gambalunga, Ferrara 789 Th OsmRes=56(7.1)
Province
1882 Ital ians Codigoro, Ferrara 3710 Th OsmRes=579(15.6)
Province
157 Italians Codigoro, Ferrara 3246 Th OsmRes=387(1'.9) qTh=.060
766 Ital ians(males) Codigoro, Ferrara 123 Gd gdef=3(2.4) qdef=.024
1882 Italians Mezzogoro, Ferrara 1637 Th OsmRes=244(14.9)
Province
157 Ital ians Mesola-Goro, Ferrara 3109 Th OsmRes=346(1'.1) I qTh=.056

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
I
ITALY
1882 Italians Capri l e , Ferrara Province 1251 Th OsmRes=210(16.8)
1882 Italians Pomposa. Ferrara Province 513 Th OsmRes=93(18.1)
1882 Ita I ians Lagosanto, Ferrara 2079 Th OsmRes=397(19.1)
Province
157 Ital ians Lagosanto, Ferrara 1686 Th OsmRes=170(10.1) I qTh=.050
1882 Ita I ians Mesola. Ferrara Province 1048 Th OsmRes=203(19.4)
766 Ital t ans Ima t es ) Mesola, Ferrara 431 Gd gdef=5(1.2) I qdef=.012
1882 Italians Bosco Mesola, Ferrara 341 Th OsmRes=63(18.5)
Province
1882 I tal ians Berra, Ferrara Province 687 Th OsmRes=126(18.3)
157 Italians Berra, Ferrara 1193 Th OsmRes=i28(iO.7) I qTh=.054
766 Ital ians(males) Berra, Ferrara 161 Gd gdef=5(3.1) qdef=.031
1882 Italians Serravalle, Ferrara 576 Th OsmRes=104(18.1)
Province
1882 Italians Santi Agostino, Ferrara 697 Th OsmRes=23(3.3)
Province
157 Italians S. Agostino, Ferrara 389 Th OsmRes=9(2.3) I qTh=.012
1882 Italians Bondeno, Ferrara Province 578 Th OsmRes=42(7.3)
157 Italians Bondeno, Ferrara 1874 Th OsmRes=85(4.5) IqTh=.023
766 Ital ians(males) Bondeno, Ferrara 371 Gd gdef=3(0.8) qdef=.008
1882 Ital ians Cento, Ferrara Province 383
1
205
Th 1 OsmRes=24(6.3)
157 Italians Cento, Ferrara 2097 Th OsmRes=51(2.4) I qTh= .012
1882 Italians Poggio Renatico. Ferrara 623 Th OsmRes=33(5.3)
Province
157 Italians Poggio Renatico, Ferrara 1018 Th OsmRes=53(5.2) I qTh=.026
1882 Italians Santa Maria Codifiume 593 Th OsmRes=43(7.3)
Province
1882 Ital ians Argenta, Ferrara Province 438 Th OsmRes=41(9.4)
157 Italians Argenta, Ferrara 3140 Th OsmRes=304(9.7) I qTh=.048

REF.
NO.
ITALY
POPULATION PLACE
NUMBER
TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS ,-
GENE
FREQUENCIES
766 Ital ians(males) Argenta, Ferrara 64 Gd gdef=1(1.6) I qdef=.016
1882 Italians Ambrogio, Ferrara Province 1957 Th OsmRes=313(16.0)
1882 I tal ians Formignana, Ferrara 1508 Th OsmRes=156(10.3)
Province
157 Italians Formignana, Ferrara 730 Th OsmRes =81 ( 11 . 1 ) I qTh=.055
766 Ital ians(males) Formigana, Ferrara 52 Gd gdef = 1( 1.9) I qdef=.019
1882 Italians Cologna, Ferrara Province 1115 Th OsmRes=113(10.1)
157 Italians Iolanda di Savoia, Ferrara 1701 Th OsmRes=159(9.3) qTh= .047
157 Ital ians Masi Torello, Ferrara 3831 Th I OsmRes=47(12.3) qTh=.061
157 Italians Mirabello, Ferrara 180\ Th \ OsmRes=8(4.4) qTh=.022
157 Italians Renazzo, Ferrara 1582\ Th 1 OsmRes=43(2.7) qTh=.014
157 Italians Ro Ferrarese, Ferr'ara 3971 Th I OsmRes=49(12.3) qTh=.062
157 Ital ians Tresigallo, Ferrara 925 Th OsmRes"'63(6.B) qTh"'.034
157 Italians Voghiera, Ferrara 654 Th OsmRes"'45(6.9) I qTh=.034
1882 Italians Ostellato, Ferrara 441 Th OsmRes"'65(14.7)
Province
157 Ital ians Ostellato, Ferrara 3019 Th OsmRes"'306( 10. 1) IqTh"'.051
157 Italians Vigarano Mainarda, Ferrara 1600 Th OsmRes"'91 (5.7 ) qTh"'.028
766 Italians(males) Vigarano, Ferrara 152 Gd gdef "'2 ( 1.3) qdef"'.013
1531 Italians Ferrara Province 4108 Hb AL=79( 1.9), AD=2 qL= .010
qD=.0002
587 Italians Ferrara 115571 Th \ A2"'1764(15.3). OsmRes=462(4.0) qbTh=.076
qTh=.020
1262 Italians(males) Ferrara 212
1
Gd Igdef"'2(0.9) qdef=.009
1262 Italians Ferrara 356 Th Th=42( 11.8) qTh=.059
437 Italians Ferrara 2500 Gd 1 Gd-Med=38(1.52)
(school chi 1dren) 1 Gd-Fast=2(0.08)
(males)
1418 Italians(males) Ferrara 101 Gd I gdef=O

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
ITALY
2134 Italians Ferrara 12000 Th OsmRes+low A2=(4.0) I qaTh=.02
1882 Ital ians Ferrara, Ferrara Province 1718 Th OsmRes= 127(7.4)
157 Italians Ferrara, Ferrara 25709 Th OsmRes=1838(7.1)
I qTh=.036
766 Italians(males) Ferrara, Ferrara 657 Gd gdef=5(0.8) qdef=.008
1882 Ital ians Porto Tolle, Rovigo 367 Th OsmRes=65(17.7)
Province
157 Ital ians Portotolle, Rovigo 521 Th A2=64(12.3) I qbTh=.061
1882 Italians Adria, Rovigo Province 559 Th OsmRes=79(14.1)
157 Ital ians Adria, Rovigo 938 Th A2=61{6.5) I qbTh=.033
1882 Ital ians S. Martino di Venezze 596 Th OsmRes=60( 10. 1)
Rovigo Province
157 Italians S. Martino Venezze, Rovigo 286 Th A2=22(7.7) I qbTh=.038
1882 Italians Lendinara, Rovigo 303 Th OsmRes=36(11.9)
Province
157 Italians Lendinara, Rovigo 941 Th A2=80(8.5) I qbTh=.043
1882 Ita1 i ans Badia Polesine, Rovigo 480 Th OsmRes=46(9.6)
Province
157 Italians Badia Polesine, Rovigo 754 Th A2=49(6.5) I qbTh=.032
1882 Italians Bergantino, Rovigo 784 Th OsmRes=62(7.9)
Province
157 Italians Bergantlno, Rovigo 190 Th A2=9(4.7) I qbTh=.024
1882 Italians Castelmassa, Rovigo 662 Th OsmRes=80( 12.1)
Province
157 Italians Castelmassa, Rovigo 348 Th A2=25(7.2) I qbTh=.036
1882 Ita 11ans Ficarolo, Rovigo Province 755 Th OsmRes=91{ 12. 1 )
157 Italians Flcarolo, Rovigo 191 Th A2=19(9.9) I qbTh=.050
1882 Italians Fiesso Umbertiano, Rovlgo 704 Th OsmRes=82(11.6)
157 Ita1 i ans Fiesso, Rovigo 295 Th A2=23(7.8) I qbTh=.039
157 Italians Ariano Polesine, Rovigo 265 Th A2=18«6.8) I qbTh=.034
207

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
1 1 I
ITALY
157 Italians Papozze, Rovigo 55 Th A2=5(9.1) qbTh=.045
157 Italians Pettorazza, Rovigo 86 Th A2=2(2.3) qbTh=.012
157 Italians Pincara, Rovigo 118 Th A2=12(10.2) qbTh=.051
157 Italians Polesella, Rovigo 219 Th A2=24( 11.0) qbTh=.055
157 Italians Pontecchio, Rovigo 127 Th A2=9(7.1) qbTh=.035
157 Italians Rosol ina, Rovigo 294 Th A2=27(9.2) qbTh=.046
157 Ital ians Salara. Rovigo 79 Th A2=8(10.1) qbTh=.051
157 Italians S. Bellino. Rovigo 81 Th A2=8(9.9) qbTh=.049
157 Italians Stienta. Rovigo 198 Th A2=17(8.6) qbTh= .043
157 Italians Taglio di Po. Rovigo 429 Th A2=22(5.1) qbTh= .026
157 Italians Trecenta, Rovigo 211 Th A2=13(6.2) qbTh=.031
157 Italians Villadose. Rovigo 412 Th A2=36(8.7) qbTh=.044
157 Italians Villamarzana. Rovigo 89 Th A2=6(6.7) qbTh=.034
157 Italians Villanova del Ghebbio, 123 Th A2=8(6.5) qbTh=.033
Rovigo
157 Italians Villanova Marchesana, 571 Th I A2=5(8.8) I qbTh=.044
Rovigo
1882 Ital ians Rovigo, Rovigo Province 955 Th OsmRes=93(9.7)
1262 Italians(males) Rovigo 13 Gd gdef=O
1418 Italians(males) Rovigo 152 Gd gdef =1(0 . 7) qdef=.007
1262 Ital ians Rovigo 60 Th Th=7(11.7) qTh=.058
157 Italians Rovigo. Rovigo 2985 Th A2=213(7.1) qbTh=.036
50 Italians Polesine and Rovigo 5000 Hb AHasharon=108(2.2) qHash= .011
Provinces
1882 Ital ians Padova. Padova Province 1082 Th OsmRes=22(2.0)
1882 Ital1ans Verona Province 2540 Th OsmRes=160(6.3)
455 Italians Castagnaro. Verona 77 Th OsmRes=12(15.6)
Province
209

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
I I .-----
ITALY
455 Italians Villabartolomea, Verona 70 Th OsmRes= W( 14.3)
Province
455 Ital ians Legnago, Verona Province 142 Th OsmRes=1B(12.7)
455 Italians Cerea, Verona Province 117 Th OsmRes=16(13.7)
455 Ital ians Sanguinetto, Verona 35 Th OsmRes=3(B.6)
Province
455 Italians Nogara, Verona Province 76 Th .OsmRes=3(3.9)
455 Italians Minerbe, Verona Province 54 Th OsmRes=7(13.0)
455 Italians Albaredo, Verona, Province 71 Th OsmRes=9(12.7)
455 Italians Ronco all'Adige, Verona 40 Th OsmRes=5(12.5)
Province
455 Ital ians Bovolone. Verona Province 53 Th OsmRes=4(7.5)
455 Italians Erbe, Verona Province 29 Th OsmRes=5(17.2)
455 Ital ians Verona, Verona Province 813 Th OsmRes=36(4.4)
455 Italians Zevio, Verona Province 56 Th OsmRes=3(5.4)
455 Italians S. Giovanni, Lupatoto 56 Th OsmRes=l(l.B)
Verona Province
455 Ital ians Isola della Scala 67 Th OsmRes=4(6.0)
Verona Province
455 Italians S. Bonifacio, Verona 72 Th OsmRes=4(5.6)
Province
455 Italians S. Marino B. A. , Verona 31 Th OsmRes=1(3.2)
Province
455 Italians Vigasio, Verona Province 40 Th OsmRes=2(5.0)
455 Italians Villafranca, Verona 62 Th OsmRes=3(4.8)
Province
455 Italians Peschiera, Verona Province 37 Th OsmRes=O
455 Italians Garda, Verona Province 43 Th OsmRes=3(7.0)
455 Italians Sommacampagna, Verona 49 Th OsmRes=O
Province
210

REF . NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
I I I
ITALY
455 Italians S. Giovanni Ilarione 191 Th I OsmRes=O
Province
455 Italians Tregnago, Verona Province 43
455 Italians Pescantina, Verona 70 1 Th OsmRes=3(4.3)
Province
211
Th 1 OsmRes=2(4.7)
455 Italians S. Pietro Inc., Verona 771 Th I OsmRes=2(2.6)
Province
455 Italians S. Anna AIf. , Verona 591 Th I OsmRes=2(3.4)
Province
455 Italians Capri no, Verona Province 29\ Th I OsmRes=O
455 Ital ians Dolce. Verona Province 201 Th I OsmRes=O
455 Italians Grezzana, Verona Province 31
Th IOsmRes=1(3.2)
455 Italians Boscochiesanuova, Verona 26 1 Th OsmRes=O
Province
455 Italians Rovere Verona, Verona 161 Th \ OsmRes=O
Province
455 Italians Soave, Verona Province 30 Th OsmRes=1(3.3)
1763 Ital ians(males) Emilia and Veneto 146 Gd gdef=O
1763 Italians(females) Emilia and Veneto 157 Gd gdef =1(0 . 6 )
1799 Italians Emilia and Veneto, North 303 Gd gdef= 1(0.3)
Italy
1418 Italians(males) Colli Euganai, Veneto Provo 264 Gd gdef=3(1.1) I qdef=.011
1882 Italians Milano, Milano Province 1072 Th OsmRes=15(1.4)
1405 Ital ians(students) Mi Ian 186134 Th OsmRes=4411(2.37) I qTh=.012
218 Ital t ans Mi Ian 7000 Th OsmRes=175(2.5)
1709 Italians Mi Ian 38818 HbTh AH=2, AC=4, AD=2, AS=8(0.02), ALepore=5 IqS=.0001
qLep=.0001
1882 Italians Torino, Torino Province 1174 Th DsmRes=11(0.9)
1882 Italians Genova, Genova Province 1156 Th OsmRes=18(1.6)
2015 Ital ians Genova, Genova Province 1360 Gd gdef=9(0.7)

REF.
NO. POPULATION
ITALY
PLACE
212
NUMBER
TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS
GENE
FREQUENCIES
945 Italians(newborn) Genoa 138 Hb FSardinia=59(42.8) qAgT=.2f4
1783 Italians
2015 Ital ians
2023 Italians(children)
1799 Italians
1595 Italians
1679 Italians(newborn)
1319 Italians(infants)
206 Italians
2073 Ital ians
1763 Italians(males)
1763 Ital ians(females)
1763 Italians(males)
1763 Italians(females)
Liguria
(All Provinces Except
Sardinia)
Torino
Piemonte, Lombardia, and
Liguria, North Italy
Alghero
Turin
Rivoli, Turin Province
Northern Italy
Lombardy
Liguria
Liguria
continental Italy
continental Italy
1001 Gd
7141 Gd
6161 ThGd
10011 Gd
1530
18
1
fami ly
6161 HbGT
3037
625
376
300
220
Th
Gd
Hb
Th
Gd
Gd
Gd
Gd
gdef=O
gdef=6(0.8)
Th=28(4.5), gdef=8(1.3)
gdef=6(0.6)
bTh=126(8.2)
gdef=7
Th=28(4.5), gdef=8(1.3), AS=1
AE=2, E=3
Barts3.5%=6(0.2)
gdef=2(0.3)
gdef=4( 1 . 1)
gdef=O
gdef=O
qbTh=.041
qTh=.023
qaTh=.015
qdef=.003
1782 Italians(cord blood) Genoa 9205 Th Barts=542(5.9) qaTh=.030
1780 Sardinians and
Italians(newborns)
1350 Sardinians(infants)
235 Sardinians(cord
blood)
235 Sardinians
433 Sardinians
Genoa
Sassari
Sassari
Sassari
Sassari Province
503
199
Gd
Gd
4651 HbTh
9081 HbTh
2941 HbTh
gdef=43(8.5)[GdB-Med=39, GdA-=1, Gd-var=3]
gdef=29(14.6)
Barts=20(4.3), AG=i, Au=2
aTh=48/0smRes=40(5.3), AS=1, AG=1, AJ=2
bTh=34(f1.6), aTh=f9(6.5),
HbJSardegna=1(0.3)
qaTh=.022
qG=.OOf
qu=.002
qaTh= .026
qS=.0006
qG=.0006
qu=.OOf
qbTh=.058
qaTh=.032
qJSard=.002

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
I I I
ITALY
1999 Sardinians(newborn) Sassarl 100 Gd I gdef(30-45%)=4(4.0). gdef(2-14%)=65(65.0)
(males(with G6PD def) 1 gdef(0%)=31(31.0)
542 Sardinians North Sardinia 734
1
213
Th 1 bTh(het)=77(10.5). bTh(hom)=2(O.3) I qbTh=.055
1256 Sardinians(patients
homozygous for bTh)
Northern Sardinia 57 Th bOTh(hom)=36. b+Th(hom)/b+bOTh/Th(int)=14
1763 Sardinians(males) Sassari District 520 Gd gdef=30(5.8) I qdef=.058
1763 Sardinians(females) Sassari District 1034 Gd gdef =112 ( 10. 8 )
1908 Sardinlans(males) Luras, Sassarl Province 100 Gd gdef=7(7.0) I qdef=.070
1908 Sardinians Luras. Sassari Province 98 Th OsmRes=23(23.5)
1908 Sardinians(males) Usini, Sassari Province 99 ThGd gdef=6(6.1), OsmRes=14(14,l) qdef=.061
1908 Sardinians(males) Benetutti. Sassari 100 Gd gdef=9(9.0) qdef=.090
439 Sardinians Benetutt i, Sassari 250 Th OsmRes=25
Province
1908 Sardinlans Benetutti. Sassari 1001 Th I OsmRes=12
Province
Sardinians(total) Benetutti. Sassari 350 Th OsmRes=37(10.6)
Province
439 Sardinians Sassar i , Sassari 234 Th OsmRes=49(20.9)
Province
439 Sardlnians Bancal I, Sassari 65 Th OsmRes=13(20,O)
Province
439 Sardinians P. Torres, Sassari 137 Th OsmRes=20(14.6)
Province
439 Ligurians Stintino, Sassari 69 Th OsmRes=3(4.3)
Province
) 439 Italians Canagl I a , Sassari 58 Th OsmRes=3(5.2)
Province
439 Sardinians Castel sardo. Sassari 300 Th OsmRes=64 (21 ,4)
Province
439 Sardinians Ccdaruina. Sassari 100 Th .OsmRes=16(16,O)
Province
439 Sardinians Tempic, Sassari Province 294 Th OsmRes=40(13.6)

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO_._POPULATION PLACE TESTEO SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
ITALY
439 Sardinians Trinita, Sassari Province 113 Th OsmRes"'17(15.0)
439 Sardinians S. Teresa, Sassari 9i Th OsmRes"'i2(i3.2)
Province
439 Sardinians Calangianus, Sassari 1 io Th OsmRes=i5(13.G)
Province
439 Sardinians Palau, Sassari 100 Th OsmRes"'13(13.0)
Province
439 Sardinians Monti, Sassari Province 100 Th OsmRes=22(22.0)
439 Sardinians La Maddelena, Sassari 119 Th OsmRes"'8(G.7)
Province
439 Sardinians Ozieri, Sassari Province 224 Th OsmRes"'34(i5.2)
541 Sardinians(cord OZieri, Sassari Province 734 Th bTh"'

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
ITALY
Sardinians(total) Orosei, Nuoro Province 1355 Th OsmRes=313(23.1)
1908 Sardinians(males) Galtelli. Nuoro Province 175 Gd gdef=21( 12.0) I qdef=.120
1908 Sardinians Galtelli, Nuoro Province 235 Th OsmRes=50
439 Sardinians Galtelli, Nuoro Province 8541 Th I OsmRes=213
Sardinians(total) Galtelli, Nuoro Province 1089 Th OsmRes=263(24.2)
1908 Sardinians(males) Fonni. Nuoro Province 100 Gd gdef=3(3.0) I qdef=.030
2195 Sardinians(males) Fonni, Nuoro Province 58 Gd gdef=5(8.6) qdef=.086
439 Sardinians Fonni, Nuoro Province 250 Th OsmRes=14(5.6)
1908 Sardinians(males) Desulo. Nuoro Province 313 Gd gdef=9(2.9) I qdef=.029
1908 Sardinians Desulo. Nuoro Province 320 Th OsmRes=12
439 Sardinians Desulo. Nuoro Province 6391 Th I OsmRes=26
Sardinians(total) Desulo.NuorooProvince 959 Th OsmRes=38(4.0)
2195 Sardinians(males) Seulo 78 Gd gdef=2(2.6) Iqdef=.026
1908 Sardinians(males) Tonara, Nuoro Province 148 Gd gdef=6(4.1) qdef=.041
1908 Sardinians Tonara. Nuoro Province 102 Th OsmRes=5
439 Sardinians Tonara, Nuoro Province 4081 Th I OsmRes=22
Sardinians(total) Tonara. Nuoro Province 5101 Th I OsmRes=27(5.3)
2195 Sardinians(males) Ulassai, Nuoro Province 32 Gd gdef=3(9.4) qdef=.094
2195 Sardinians(males) Jerzu, Nuoro Province 39 Gd gdef=2(5.1) qdef=.051
1908 Sardinians(males) lanusei, Nuoro Province 100 Gd gdef=4(4.0) qdef=.040
2195 Sardinians(males) Lanusei. Nuoro Province 57 Gd gdef=4(7.0) I qdef=.070
439 Sardinians lanusei, Nuoro Province 200 Th OsmRes=20( iO.O)
2195 Sardinians(males) Tortoli, Nuoro Province 77 Gd gdef=9( 11 .7) Iqdef=.117
1908 Sardinians(males) Tortoli, Nuoro Province 50 Gd gdef=8( 16.0) qdef=.160
439 Sardinians Tortoli, Nuoro Province 360 Th OsmRes=91(25.3)
439 Sardinians Ilbono. Nuoro Province 150 Th OsmRes=12(8.0)
215

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
I I I
ITALY
1763 Sardinians(females) Cagl iari 232 Gd gdef=64(27.6)
1998 Sardinians(males) Cag1 iari 302 Gd gdef=59(19.5) I qdef=. 195
765 Sardinians(patientS) Cagliari 950 Gd gdef=64(6.7)
(fema I es)
1965 Sardinians(with Cagliari 320 Gd gdef=42(13.0) I qdef=.130
cancer)(males)
199B Sardinians Cag1iari 233 Th A2=22/0smRes=41(17.6) I ..
584 Sardinians(cord Cag1iari 200 Th Barts=12(6.0) I qaTh=.030
blood)
434 Sardinians Cag1iari 12810 HbTh bTh(het)=2488(19.4). aTh(het)=1229(10.0) qbTh=.098
dbOTh(het)=14(0.1). dbTh(het)=3(0.2) qaTh=.049
AS=5(0.04), bOTh(hom)=3(0.2) qS=.0002
bOdbOTh=1(0.01). AH=9(0.07) qJOxf=.0004
AJSardegna=6(0.05). AJOxford=1(0.01) qJ=.0002
AGPhilade1phia=1(0.01), AGSanJose=1(0.01) qdTh=.0015
Avariant=2(0.02)
439 Sardinians Arborea. Cag1iari Province 3591 Th 1 OsmRes=58
1881 Sardinians Arborea. Cag1iari Province 2511 Th I OsmRes=43
Sardinians(tota1) Arborea. Cag1iari Province 610
1
218
Th l.osmRes=101(16.6)
439 Sardinians Oristano. Cag1iari
Province
300 Th OsmRes=63
1881 Sardinians Oristano. Cag1iari 1251 Th I OsmRes=28
Province
Sardinians(tota1) Oristano. Cagliari 425 Th OsmRes=91( 21 .4)
Province
540 Sardinians Oristano 173 Gd gdef=40(23.1). gdef(part)=10(5.8)
1543 Sardinians(ma1es) Oristano area, Sardinia 108 Gd gdef=25(23.2) qdef=.232
2195 Sardinians(ma1es) Oristano 108 Gd gdef=25(23.2) qdef=.232
439 Sardinians Iglesias. Cag1iari 200 Th OsmRes=50(25.0)
Province
439 Sardinians Sestu. Cagliari Province 350 Th OsmRes=46( 13.1)
441 Sardinians Sestu village, Sardinia 233 Gd gdef=76(32.6)

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
I I I
ITALY
1881 Sardinians Quartu 5 Elena. Cagliari 331 Th I OsmRes=7(21.2)
Province
2195 Sardinians(males) Burcei 51 Gd gdef=5(9.8) qdef=.098
2195 Sardinians(males) Villasimius 36 Gd gdef =11( 30 . 6 ) qdef=.306
1881 Sardinians Planusanguini. Cagliarl 89 Th OsmRes= lj( 12.4)
Province
1881 Sardinians S. Gregorio. Cagliari 861 Th I OsmRes=21(24.4)
Province
1881 Sardinians Milis, Cagliari Province 19 Th OsmRes=5(26.3)
1908 Sardinians(males) Guspini. Cagliari Province 99 ThGd gdef=28(28.3), OsmRes=31 I qdef=.283
1881 Sardinians Guspini. Cagliari Province 110 Th OsmRes=23
Sardinians(total) Guspini. Cagliari Province 209
1
219
Th I OsmRes=54(25.8)
1881 Sardinians Fontanazza, Cagliari 198 Th OsmRes=52(26.3)
Province
1881 Sardinians Sant'Angelo. Cagliari 1031 Th I OsmRes=20(19.4)
Province
1881 Sardinians Portopaglietta. Cagliari 3061 Th / OsmRes=79(25.8)
Province
1881 Sardinians Portoscuso. Cagliari 2451 Th I OsmRes=82(33.5)
Province
1881 Sardinians Porto Pino. Cagliari 2011 Th I OsmRes=54(26.9)
Province
1908 Sardinians(males) Carloforte. Cagliari 99/ ThGd I gdef=5(5.1). OsmRes=5 I qdef=.051
Province
1881 Sardinians Carloforte. Cagl iari 3881 Th 1 OsmRes=117
Province
Sardinians(total) Carloforte. Cagliari 4871 Th I OsmRes=122(25.1)
Province
1965 Ligurians Carloforte. Sardinia
Gd Igdef=(3-4)
1881 Sardinians Calasetta. Cagl iari 2751 Th OsmRes=61(22.2)
Province
1908 Sardinians(males) Assemini. Cagliari 108\ ThGd I gdef=22(20.4). OsmRes=12(11.1) I qdef=.204
Province

REF.
NO. POPULATION PLACE
ITALY
221
NUMBER
TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS
GENE
FREQUENCIES
AS=1(0.04) qdbTh=.0006
qHPFH=.001
qJ=.0004
qS=.0002
432 Sardinians(newborns) Southern Sardinia 2291 Th Barts(1-3%)=160(7.0). Barts(2-10%)=128(5.6)
Barts(@25%)=5(0.2)
431 Italians(fetus with
2 bTh parents)
1998 Sardinians(males)
1998 Sardinians
433 Sardinians
759 Sardinians
432 Sardinians
440 Sardinians
1799 Italians
1763 Sardinians(males)
1763 Sardinians(females)
2015 Italians
(
1783 Italians(males)
1783 Italians(females)
Oristano and Cagliari
Provinces
Cagliari Province
Cagliari Province
Cagliari and Oristano
Provinces
Southern Sardinia
Southern Sardinia
Oristano and Cagliari
Provinces
Sardegna
Sardinia
Sardinia
Sardinia
289
Th
3021 Gd
2331 Th
24001 HbTh
22911 Th
24001 Th
2640
44
122
857
61
38
ThGd
Gd
Gd
Gd
Gd
Gd
Gd
bOTh=120. b+Th=5, SbOTh=1
gdef=59(19.5)
bTh=22(9.4). nonbTh=19(8.2)
bTh(het)=310(12.9). aTh(het)=160(6.7)
dbOTh(het)=3(0.12), FH(het)=6(0.25)
HbJSardegna=2(0.08), AH=1(0.04)
Barts=295(12.9)
bTh=310(12.9). aTh=160(6.7). dboTh=3(0.12)
HPFH=6(O.25), AJ=2,AS=1
bTh=(11.9-19.4), gdef=(34.3)
gdef=379(14.4)
gdef=9(20.5)
gdef=24(19.7)
gdef= 122( 14.2)
gdef=8(13.1)
gdef=4( 10.5)
qaTh=.065
qdef=.195
qbTh=.047
qbTh=.066
qaTh=.033
qJ=.0004
qaTh=.064
qbTh=.065
qaTh=.033
qdef=.205
qdef"'.131
1893 Italians Sardinia 192 Hb A=192 qA= i .00
1351 Sardinians(newborn) 111601 HbTh Barts=533(4.8), AJSardegna=12(0.1)
AGPhila=7(0.06). JSardGPhila=1(0.01)
FMalta=5(0.05)
1351 Sardinians(relatives
of newborns with
hemoglobinopathies)
1461 HbTh AJSardegna=40(27.4)
AGPhiladelphia=18(12.3)
JSardGPhila=2(1.4)
1592 Sardinians ? Th dTh=(O.7)
qaTh=.024
qJ=.0006
qG=.0004
qF=.0002
qJ=.144
qG=.130

REF.
NO. POPULATION PLACE
NUMBER
TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS
GENE
FREQUENCIES
ITALY
945 Italians(newborn)
SPAIN
Sardinia 19
1
Hb IFSardinia=(30.1) I qAgT=. 150
717 Spaniards(males) Ebro River Delta, 96 Gd gdef=O
Catalonia
1569 Spaniards Catalonia 39 Th OsmRes=O
141 Spaniards(newborn) Barcelona 604 Th AFSardinia(het)=33(5.5). I qAgT=.060
AFSardinia(hom)=20(3.3)
1569 Spaniards Valencia 301 Th I OsmRes=1(3.3)
717 Spaniards(males) Murcia 221 Gd gdef=O
1569 Spaniards Murcia 110 Th OsmRes=2(1.B)
1571 Spaniards Murcia 408 Th A2=10/F=1/A2F=3(3.4) I qbTh= .017
1571 Spaniards(males) Murcia 205 Gd gdef=1(0.5) 1 qdef=.005
1571 Spaniards(females) Murcia 2031 Gd I gdef=O
717 Spaniards(males) Valencia 400 Gd gdef=O
717 Spaniards(males) Sueca District. Valencia 104 Gd gdef=1(1.0)
222
Iqdef= .010
1243 Spanish immigrants Mexico 68 HTGd gdef=O. F=O. A=68 qA=1.00
from Eastern Spain
(males)
1243 Basque immigrants Mexico 40 HbGd gdef=O. A=40 I qA= 1.00
(males)
1569 Basques 10 Th OsmRes=O
1569 Spaniards Aragon 23 Th OsmRes=O
114 Spaniards Aranda de Duero. Burgos 548 Hb sickle=O
717 Spaniards(males) Central and Northern Spain 170 Gd gdef=O
1569 Spaniards Madrid 1950 Th OsmRes=21( 1.1)
1571 Spaniards Madrid 6610 HbTh A2=54/F=9/A2F=16(1.2). AH=1 qbTh=.006
qaTh=.0003
1571 Spaniards(males) Madrid 266
1571 Spaniards(females) Madrid 334 Gd gdef=2(0.6)
1
Gd 1 gdef=2(0.8) qdef=.008

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
I I I
SPAIN
449 Spaniards(males) Badajoz Province 575 Gd gdef=3(0.5) I qdef=.005
449 Spaniards(females) Badajoz Province 330 Gd gdef=2(0.6)
449 Spaniards Badajoz 905 Th A2=18/A2F=2/F=0(2.2). AH=O qbTh=.011
1571 Spaniards Caceres 320 Th A2=5/F=0/A2F=0(1.6) qbTh=.008
1571 Spaniards(males) Caceres 130 Gd gdef=2(i.5) qdef=.015
1571 Spaniards(females) Caceres 190 Gd gdef=3( 1.6)
449 Spaniards(males) Caceres Province 557 Gd gdef=3(0.5)
449 Spaniards(females) Caceres Province 288 Gd gdef=3(1.0)
224
I qdef=.005
449 Spaniards Caceres 845 Th A2=4/A2F=9/F=0(1.5). AH=O I qbTh=.008
1569 Spaniards Galicia 121 Th OsmRes=3(2.5)
1571 Spaniards Corunna 525 Th A2=14/F=1/A2F=2(3.2) qbTh=.016
1571 Spaniards(males) Corunna 304 Gd gdef =1(0. 3 ) qdef=.003
1571 Spaniards(females) Corunna 221 Gd gdef=4(1.8)
1569 Spaniards Asturias 140 Th OsmRes=O
1571 Spaniards Biscay 400 Th A2=0. F=O
1571 Spaniards(males) Biscay 180 Gd gdef=2(1.1) I qdef= .011
1571 Spaniards(females) Biscay 220 Gd gdef=5(2.3)
1243 Spanish immigrants Mexico 218 HbGd gdef=O. A=218 I qA=1.00
from Northern Spain
(males)
1243 Spanish immigrants Mexico 469 Th F=3(0.6) qbTh=.003
450 Spaniards Las Hurdes. Caceres Provo 96 Th A2>3%=36(36.7) qbTh=.184
449 Spaniards(males) Guadalajara Province 478 Gd gdef=3(0.6) qdef=.006
449 Spaniards(females) Guadalajara Province 222 Gd gdef=O
449 Spaniards Guadalajara 700 Th A2=8/A2F=5/F=0(1.9). AH=O qbTh=.009
449 Spaniards(males) Ciudad Real Province 400 Gd gdef= i (0. 25) qdef=.002
449 Spaniards(females) Ciudad Real Province 200 Gd gdef= 1(0.5)

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
I I I
SPAIN
449 Spaniards Ciudad Real 600 Th A2=5/A2F=6/F=0(1.8), AH=O qbTh=.009
449 Spaniards(males) Cuenca Province 150 Gd gdef =1(0.7 ) qdef=.007
449 Spaniards(females) Cuenca Province 290 Gd gdef=O
449 Spaniards Cuenca 440 Th A2=2/A2F=0/F=0(0.4), AH=O qbTh=.002
449 Spaniards(males) Albacete Province 430 Gd gdef=3(0.7) qdef=.007
449 Spaniards(females) Albacete Province 320 Gd gdef= 1(0. 3)
449 Spaniards Albacete 750 Th A2=6/A2F=8/F=0(1.9), AH=O I qbTh=.009
449 Spaniards(total) 4240 Th A2=43/A2F=30/F=0(1.7), AH=O
544 Spaniards Granada 557 HbTh Th(min)=7(1.25), Th(int)=10(1.79) I qTh=.017
Th(maj)=1(0.17), SbTh= 1(0.17)
425 Gypsies Granada 211 Th A2=12(5.6) I qbTh=.028
425 Spaniards Granada Th bTh=(1.0)
544 Spaniards Malaga 345 HbTh Th(min)=5(1.44), Th(int)=7(2.02) I qTh=.020
Th(maj )=1(0.28)
543 Spaniards Granada Province 559 Th Th(int)=17(3.04), Th(maj)=1(0.17) I qTh=.018
dTh=1(O.17)
114 Spaniards Sevi lIe 110 Hb A=110
1482 Spaniards(infants Salamanca 4661 Gd I gdef=3(0.6)
and children)
2125 Spaniards(with 36 Gd Gd-Mediterranean=11(30.6), Gd-Union=2(5.6)
hemolytic anemia) Gd-Athens-like=3(8.3), Gd-Betica=19(5.3)
(males) Gd-Menorca=1(2.8)
1359 Baleareans(males) Palma, Mallorca 979 Gd gdef=5(0.5) I qdef=.005
1359 Baleareans(females) Palma, Mallorca 1096 Gd gdef=1(O.1)
717 Spaniards(males) Majorca 110 Gd gdef=O
717 Spaniards(males) Sineu, Majorca 132 Gd gdef=3(2.3) I qdef=.023
717 Spaniards(males) Minorca 98 Gd gdef=O
717 Spaniards(males) Ciudadela, Minorca 114 Gd gdef=1(0.9) Iqdef=.009
110 Canary Islanders Spain -.30 Hb AS=1(3.3) qS=.017
225

REF.
NO. POPULATION
PORTUGAL
2043 Portugese
2043 Portugese
2043 Portugese
2043 Portugese
2043 Portugese
2043 Portugese
2043 Portugese
2043 Portugese
2043 Portugese
2043 Portugese
2043 Portugese
530 Portugese
1349 Portugese
2041 Portuguese
529 Portuguese
1986 Portuguese
873 Portuguese(males)
1028 Portuguese
187 Portuguese
FRANCE
1529 French(patients)
1529 Overseas French
PLACE
Alfambra. Algarve
Aljezur. Algarve
Barranco da Vaca. Algarve
Carrapateira, Algarve
Lagos, Algarve
Moinho do Bispo, Algarve
Monchique, Algarve
Odeceixe, Algarve
Rogil. Algarve
Seromenheira. Algarve
Vila do Bispo
Muge. Ribatejo
Pias, Baixo Alentejo
Lisbon
Lisbon
Coimbra region
Madeira
Hawai i
Curacao
Southeast France and
Corsica
Marseille
226
NUMBER
TESTED SYSTEM
49
89
15
34
390
21
114
95
42
28
49
Hb
Hb
Hb
Hb
Hb
Hb
Hb
Hb
Hb
Hb
Hb
Hb
3911 HbTh
30421 Hb
41121 Th
458
222
1499
Th
Gd
Hb
Hb
22541 HbTh
781 HbTh
Ac/=1(2.0)
Ac/=1(1.1)
A=15
A=34
Ac/=1(0.3)
A=21
Ac/=1(0.9)
A=95
A=42
A=28
A=49
sickle=(4.3)
GENE
_'v FREQUENCIES
I
A2=1(0.3), S=2(0.5), AS=19(4.9), AO=3(0.8)
S=3«0.1)
A2=0/F=17/A2F=4(0.6), OsmRes=23(0.6)
bTh=(1-3)
gdef=4(0.9)
A=222
sickle=O
A2=182/F=47/A2F=0(10.2), S=13(0.6),
AS=96(4.3). SC=5(0.2), AC=14(1.1). C=6(0.3)
AH=2, S=15(19.2), AS=28(35.9), SC=4(5.n,
AC=2(2.6), C=2(2.6), SO=1(1.3)
qJ=.OlO
qJ=.006
qA= 1.00
qA= 1.00
qJ=.001
qA= 1.00
qJ=.004
qA= 1.00
qA= 1.00
qA=1.00
qA= 1.00
qbTh=.001
qS=.029
qO=.004
qS=.0005
qbTh=.003
qdef=.009
qA= 1 .00
qbTh=.051
qS=.028
qC=.007
qH=.019
qS=.404
qC=.064

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
I f f
FRANCE
1713 Hospital patients Paris 4001 HbTh I F=16(4.0). 5=6(1.5), AS=16(4.0),
AC=12(3.0). C=2(0.5), AE=4(1.0)
SC=2(0. 5). I qbTh=.020
q5=.038
qC= .022
qE=.005
1479 French(blood donors) Champagne and Alsace
\
227
? I Hb I AE=2
1530 French(obstetrical Marseille 3611 HbTh I AD=2(0.6) I qD=.003
patients)(natives)
1530 French(obstetrical Marseille 451 HbTh I Th=O
patients)(1nsulaires)
1530 North Africans Marseille 3591 HbTh I Th=11(3.1), sickle=5(1.4) I qTh=.0155
(obstetrical qS=.007
patients)
1530 Ital ians(obstetrical Marseille 791 HbTh I Th=4(5.1) I qTh=.0255
patients)
1530 Spanish(obstetrical Marseille 871 HbTh I Th=O
patients)
1530 Melano-Africans Marseille 451 HbTh 1 sickle=2(4.4). AC=1(2.2) I qS=.022
(obstetrical qC= .011
patients)
1530 Others(fema1es) Marseille 44\ HbTh J sickle=1(2.3), AD=1(2.3) I qS=.011
qC= .011
(total) Marseille 10201 HbTh I Th=15(1.5), sickle=8(0.8). AD=3(0.3) I qTh=.007
AC=1(0.n qS=.004
qD=.001
qC= .0005
643 French Southeast France 900 Th Th(min)=270(30.0) qTh=.15
1'527 French natives Toulonnaise Region 309 HbTh Th=2(0.6). AD=1(0.3) qTh'=.003
(infants) qD= .002
1527 French insulaires Toulonnaise Region 53 HbTh Th=2(3.8). AH= 1( 1 .9) qTh=.038
(infants)
1527 Italians(infants) Toulonnaise Region 1271 HbTh I Th=3(2.4) I qTh'=.012
1527 Spaniards(infants) Toulonnaise Region 69 HbTh A=69
1527 North Africans Toulonnaise Region 1741 HbTh I Th=4(2.3). sickle=6(3.4). AC=2(1.1) I qTh=.011
(infants) 5C=1(0.6), AD=2(1.1) qS=.020
qC=.009
qD= .006

FRANCE
1527 Melano-Africans
1527 Others
PLACE
Toulonnaise Region
Toulonnaise Region
591 French natives and Clermont-Ferrand Region
individuals of Mediterranean
origin
1139 Africans(males) Paris
1528 French
1528 Italians
1528 Spaniards
1528 Maghrebins
1528 Africans
1528 Others
1528 All patients
708 Corsicans
1526 Corsicans
SWITZERLAND
1290 Swiss Recruits
1290 Swiss Recruits
1290 Swiss Recruits
1290 Swiss Recruits
1291 Swiss
Marseille
Marseille
Marseille
Marseille
Marseille
Marsei lle
Marseille
Corsica
Corsica
Tessin
Wa 11 is
Graubunden
Basel and Umgeburg
Aarau
572 Patients with anemia Aarau
572 Swiss(with bTh) Aarau
228
NUMBER
TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS
101 HbTh
321 HbTh
8761 HbTh
5401 HbTh
1204
382
247
774
81
Hb
Hb
Hb
Hb
Hb
1431 Hb
28311 HbTh
6651 HbTh
965
1130
750
404
28367
Th
Th
Th
Th
Th
Gd
162371 Th
701 HbTh
sickle=1(10.0), AC=1(10.0), SC=1(10.0)
A=32
Th=5(0.6), sickle=2(0.2)
AS=88(16.3), AC=36(6.6), aTh(het)=17(3.1)
bTh(het)=17(3.1), dTh=4(0.7)
AHope=1(0.2), bThHope=1(0.2)
AGrady=1(0.2)
sickle=O
sickle=O
sickle=O
sickle=19(2.45)
sickle=6(7.41)
sickle=O
Th=38(1.3), AS=21, SS=1, STh=1, SC=2, AC=7,
AD=7, AH=1
A=665, Th(het)=21(3.2)
Th(het)=(2.8)
A2=0/F=0/A2F=2(0.2)
A2=0
A2=0
A2=0
gdef=424(1.5):males=281(66.3),
females=143(33.7)
Th=2672(16.5)
bTh(het)=70
qS=.100
qC=. 100
qTh=.003
qS=.001
qS=.081
qaTh=.016
qbTh= .017
qHope=.002
qGrady=.001
qbTh=.002
qS=.012
qS=.037
qTh=.016
qbTh=.002
qTh=.082
-qbTh=.068

REF.
NO. POPULATION
SWITZERLAND
572 Italians(with bTh)
572 Greeks(with bTh)
572 Spaniards(with bTh)
572 Others(with bTh)
GERMANY
1114 Germans
219 Germans(1963-1969)
219 Germans(1969-1977)
219 Germans
219 Germans(1960-1977)
221 Germans
BELGIUM
PLACE
Aarau
Aarau
Aarau
Aarau
Tubingen-Munchen
Ulm
Ulm
Frankfurt
Freiburg
1145 Belgians(children) liege, Belgium
including immigrants
1145 Italians Liege
1145 Iberians Liege
229
NUMBER
TESTED. SYSTEM
23311 HbTh
1111 HbTh
351 HbTh
1251 HbTh
57631 HbTh
28831 HbTh
52561 HbTh
52651 Hb
65831 Hb
22451 HbTh
RESULTS
bTh(het)=2260(97.0), bTh(hom)=47(2.0)
Th(int)=3(0.1), Lepore(het)=13(0.6)
SbTh=3(0.1), HaTh=3(0.1). BartsaTh=2(0.1)
bTh(het)=103(92.8), bTh(hom)=6(5.4)
Lepore=1(0.9), SbTh=1(0.9)
bTh(het)=34(97.1), Lepore(het)=1(2.9)
bTh(het)=1i5(92.0), bTh(hom)=3(2.4)
Lepore(het)=1(0.8), SbTh=4(3.2)
CbTh=2(1.6)
aTh(AH+Barts)=7(0.1), bTh(hom)=1(0.02)
bTh(het)=497(8.6), ALepore=5(0.09)
Avariant=40(0.7)
Th=237(8.2). Avariant=22(0.8)
Th=616(11.7), Avariant=52(1.0)
AM=11(0.2), Aunstablevariant=19(0.4)
Th=162(2.5), Avariant=36(0.5)
AM=1(0.02). Aunstablevariant=12(0.2)
A2=3(0.1), AE=1, AKoln=1, AM=4(0.2). B2=2
52551 HTGd I AS=50(1.0), 5=3(0.06). AC=11(0.2)
CTh=1(0.02), STh=11(0.2), AD=3(0.06)
AE=1(0.02), Lepore(het)=7(0.1)
Lepore(hom)=2(0.04), B2=2(0.04)
bTh=376(7.2), bTh(maj)=15(0.3)
gdef=45(0.9)
5491 HbTh I Th=35(6.4). AS=1(0.2), AD=1(0.2). B2=1(0.1)
Lepore= 1(0. 2)
71 1 Th I Th= 1( 1 .4)
GENE
FREQUENCIES
qaTh=.035
qLep=.0004
qbTh=.043
qTh=.041
qTh=.059
qM=.001
qTh=.012
qbTh=.001
qE=.0002
qKoln=.0002
qM=.001
qB2=.0004
qS=.006
qC=.001
qD= .0003
qE=.0001
qLep=.001
qbTh=.040
qB2=.000;Z
qTh=.032
qS=.001
qD=.001
qLep=.001
qTh=.007

REF.
NO. POPULATION
BELGIUM
1145 North Africans
1145 Turks&Greeks
1145 Central Africans
1145 Others
NETHERLANDS
1912 Dutch(ma1es)
1034 Dutch
1703 Dutch(ma1es)
1522 Dutch Soldiers(ma1es)
1109 Dutch Kindred
207 Dutch(newborn)
207 Dutch(cord blood)
DENMARK
1870 Danes
NORWAY
1399 Norwegians
SWEDEN
1473 Swedes
1.473 Swedish Lapps
184 Gypsies
183 Swedes
PLACE
Liege
Liege
Liege
Liege
South of Rotterdam
Sloten. West Amsterdam
Leiden
Leiden
Copenhagen
Oslo
Kiruma-Ga11ivare
Kiruma-Gal1 ivare
Stockholm
Uppsala
230
NUMBER
TESTED SYSTEM
2191 HbTh
1321 HTGd
221 HbGd
300
991
250
100
547
137
29
5000
3000
845
200
116
411
71 Hb
Gd
Hb
Gd
Gd
Gd
Hb
Hb
Hb
Hb
Hb
Hb
Hb
Hb
AC=1(0.5). Th=5(2.3)
RESULTS
gdef=2(1.5). Th=5(3.8). AS=1(0.8)
gdef=3(13.6). AS=3(13.6)
A=7
GdB=300
AJ=1(O.1), AD=1(O.1)
gdef=O
gdef=1( 1.0)
gdef=56( 10.2)
HbFSardinia(het)=39(28.5)
HbFSardinia(hom)=3(2.2)
HbFSardinia(het)=7(24.1)
AJ=1. AD=1. AE=1. AG=4
AD1=1. AD2=1
A=845
A=200
A=116
AJ=1
GENE
FREQUENCIES
qC=.002
qTh= .011
qS=.004
qTh=.019
qS=.068
qA= 1.00
qJ=.0005
qdef=.OlO
qD=.0005
qAgT=.1642
qAgT=.1207
qJ=.0001
qD=.0001
qE=.0001
qG=.0004
qD1=.0002
qD2=.0002
qA= 1.00
qA= 1.00
qA= 1.00
qJ=.001

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
FINLAND
1473 Swedes Aland Islands 570 Hb A=570 qA= 1.00
1473 Swedes Narpes 145 Hb A=145 qA= 1.00
1473 Swedes Perna 130 Hb A=130 qA=I.00
1473 Swedes other areas of Finland 28 Hb A=28 qA= 1.00
1473 Finns 1769 Hb A=1769 qA=1.00
1473 Lapps Inari 1576 Hb A=1576 qA=1.00
ICELAND
1473 Icelanders Reykjavik 10001 Hb I A=1000 I qA= 1.00
2012 Icelanders District I 436 Gd gdef=O
2012 Icelanders District II 104 Gd gdef=O
2012 Icelanders District III 66 Gd gdef=O
2012 Icelanders District IV 102 Gd gdef=O
2012 Icelanders District V 207 Gd gdef=O
2012 Icelanders District VI 75 Gd gdef=O
2012 Icelanders District VII 70 Gd gdef=O
GREAT BRITAIN
2164 Shetland Islanders 345 Hb AESaskatoon=1(0.3)
I qE=.001
2166 Drkney Islanders Westray Island 408 HbGd A=408, gdef=2(0.5) qA= 1.00
2166 Orkney Islanders North Ronaldsay 56 HbGd A=56, GdB=56 I qA= 1.00
2011 Drkney Islanders Orkney Islands 398 Hb AESaskatoon=1(0.3)
520 Scots Northwest Scotland 3968 HbTh bTh= 17(0. 4). Au= 1. AKoln=3. ALepore=1 I qbTh=.002
qu=.0001
qLep=.OOOI
I
468 Scots(males) Glasgow, Scotland 404 Gd gdef=O
1338 Welsh(males) Rhondda Fach 154 Gd gdef=2(1.3) I qdef=.013
1338 Welsh(females) Rhondda Fach 186 Gd gdef=f(0.5)
1337 British(males) Rhondda Fach. South Wales 340 Gd gdef=4( 1.2) I qdef=.012
231

REF.
NO. POPULATION
GREAT BRITAIN
1553 English
1553 English
1553 English
684 All races
956 English
1068 English(with
regional enteritis)
PLACE
North Northumberland
West Northumberland
Southeast Northumberland
Manchester
Norfolk
1204 English Oxford and Peterborough
1870 English Cambridge
429 Immigrants(patients) London
384 Pregnant women of London
West Indian. West
African and
Mediterranean
ancestry
911 Europeans
911 Indians
911 Afro-Caribbeans
911 Other groups
232
NUMBER
TESTED ·SYSTEM RESULTS
232
89
228
Gd
Gd
Gd
76911 HbTh
10001 Hb
GdB=232
GdB=89
GdB=228
AS=29(O.4), ADPunjab=3, ADIbadan=1
AC=7, AE=1, AGPhila=1, aTh=5
AD= 1, AG= 1
Oxford 118 Gd gdef=O
London
London
London
London
19711 Hb
30001 Hb
5351 HbTh
5181 Hb
340
405
205
50
Hb
Hb
Hb
Hb
AJ=1
AC=1, AJ1=1. AJ2=2
bTh=8(1.5), Barts=1, S=2(0.4), AS=134(25.0)
SC/SD=14. AC=8(4.1), C=1, AD/AG=4. E/O=2
AH=2
S=2(0.4), AS=56(10.8), SC=HO.2),
AC=28(5.4)
AS=1(0.3). AC=2(0.6). AJ=1(0.3), Avariant=2
AC=1(0.2). AD=1(0.2). AE=2(0.5).
Barts=5(1.2), Avariant=1
AS=21(10.2), AC=7(3.4), Barts=13(6.3),
SS=2(1.0), SC=I(0.5), CC=I(0.5), AG=1(0.5).
Avariant=2
AS=1(2.0), Barts=3(6.0), AJ=1(2.0)
GENE
FREQUENCIES
qS=.002
qDPunj=.0002
qDIbad=.0001
qC=.0005
qE=.0001
qGPhila=.0001
qD= .0005
qG=.0005
qJ=.0002
qC=.0002
qJ1=.0002
qJ2=.0003
qbTh=.007
qaTh=.005
qS=.142
qC= .022
qE=.0005
qS=.059
qC=.028
qaTh=.006
qS=.059
qC=.024
qaTh=.032
448 English London 5071 HbTh A=507. A2NYU=1 qA= 1.00
qA2=.001

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
I I I
GREAT BRITAIN
1956 Engl ish(immigrant 68351 HbTh I AS:306(4.5), AC:116(1.7). A2:49(0.7) I qE=.001
schoolchildren) AD:36«0.5). bTh:26(0.4), AE=13(0.2) qA2=.004
AF=5, ASA2=8(0.1). SC:5, SS/SbTh:4
DD/DbTh=1. CC/CbTh=4
385 Pakistanis Southeast Staffordshire 3391 HbTh I bTh=21(6.2), AD:7(2.1) I qTh=.031
qD= .010
385 Brit ish Southeast Staffordshire 142 HbTh bTh=25(17.6) qTh=.088
385 West Indians Southeast Staffordshire 176 HbTh AS=19(10.8). 5=1(0.6). AC=9(5.1). C:1(0.6) qS=.060
qC=.031
385 Indians Southeast Staffordshire 391 HbTh I bTh:1(2.6). AE:1(2.6) qTh=.013
qE= .013
385 Europeans Southeast Staffordshire 7 HbTh bTh= 1( 14.3) I qTh=.071
233
385 Cypriots Southeast Staffordshire 7 HbTh A=7
385 Italians Southeast Staffordshire 6 HbTh A:6
385 Chinese Southeast Staffordshire 3 HbTh bTh=2(66.7) I qTh=. 167
385 Nigerians Southeast Staffordshire 3 HbTh A=3
385 Arabs Southeast Staffordshire 2 HbTh I A=2
385 Ceylonese Southeast Staffordshire 1 HbTh A=1
385 Austrians Southeast Staffordshire
11 HbTh I A:1
1934 Asians Burton-Trent and Sheffield 500 Th bTh=27(5.4), aTh:2(0.4), aTh+bTh=1(0.2) I qbTh=.028
674 British and Irish
(males)
116\ Gd I gdef=O
I
qaTh=.003
674 British and Irish 881 Gd I gdef=O
(females)
710 British Soldiers Nigeria 5681 Hb I sickle=O
2079 British Soldiers Malaya 4153
1
EUROPE
Hb \ AJ:1, AE=4 I qJ=.0001
1855 Ashkenazim vews from Israel 819 1 Gd I gdef:3(0.4) I qdef=.004
Europe(males)
2075 Europeans Malaya 161 Th I A2=O

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
I I I
EUROPE
2074 Europeans(males) Malaya 76 Gd gdef=O
2079 European(cord blood) Malaya 142 Th Barts= 1(0. 7) I qaTh=.004
EGYPT
1086 Egyptians(cord blood) Alexandria 29
1050 Egyptians(cord blood) Cairo 1601 Gd gdef=5(3.1) I qdef=.031
(males)
1050 Egyptiat1s(males) Cairo 228
234
Gd 1 gdef=3(10.3)
Gd 1 gdef=4(1.8) Iqdef=.018
1323 Egyptians(males) Cairo. Alexandria, Port 3601 Gd gdef=18(5.0) qdef=.050
Said
1323 Egyptians(males) Beheira, Minufiya. 691 Gd I gdef=4(5.8) I qdef=.058
Qalyubia
1323 Egyptians(males) Giza, Faiyum, Beni Suef, 1451 Gd I gdef=7(4.8) I qdef=.048
Assiut, Shohag. Aswan
1323 Egyptians(males) 76 Gd gdef=3(3.9) qdef=.039
666 Egyptians Cairo 5000 Hb sickle=8(0.2) qS=.OO1
1053 Egyptians Ni Ie Delta ? Hb AC=(0.09)
666 Northern Sudanese Cairo 82 Hb AS=O
1052 Egyptians Cairo 350 Th A2=0/F=0/A2F=1(0.3) IqbTh=.0014
882 Bayadia & Akharsa North Sinai 240 Hb ADS i na i = 1(0.42) qD= .002
Bedouin
882 Egyptian City North Sinai 1841 HbTh I A=184, aTh=O. bTh=O
Dwellers
882 Bayadia North Sinai I Gd 1 gdef=(8.92) I qdef=.0892
Bedouin(males)
882 Akharsa Bedouin North Sinai 1 Gd 1 gdef=(3.07) I qdef=.0307
(males)
882 Bayadia & Akharsa North Sinai 64\ Gd \ GdA=1(1.6). GdB=63(98.4)
Bedouin(males)
882 Egyptian City North Sinai I Gd I gdef=(7.48) I qdef=.0748
Dwellers(males)
882 Egyptian City North Sinai 661 Gd 1 GdA=3(4.5), GdB=63(95.5) I qGdA=.045
Dwellers(males)

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
I I I
EGYPT
310 Al iqat Beduin(males) South Sinai 50
310 Muzeina Beduin(males) South S1nai 53 1 Gd GdB=53
235
Gd IGdB-=1(2.0), GdB=49 I qGdB-=.020
310 Other Beduin(males) South Sinai 94 Gd GdB-=3(3.2), GdB=91 I qGdB-=.032
310 Other Beduin(females) South Sinai 5 Gd GdB=5
310 Jebeliya Beduin South Sinai 81 Gd GdA=4(4.9), GdB=77 I qGdA= .049
(males)
310 Jebeliya Beduin South Sinai 14 Gd GdAB=2(14.2), GdB=14 I qGdA=.071
(females)
1855 Jews from Egypt Israel 1121 Gd 1 gdef=4(3.6) I qdef=.036
(males)
1640 Egyptians(males) Alexandria 27 Gd gdef=5(18.5) qdef=.185
1640 Egyptians(males) Port Said 18 Gd gdef = 1( 5 . 6 ) qdef=.056
1640 Egyptians(males) Cairo 49 Gd gdef=9(18.4) qdef=.184
1640 Egyptiaris(males) Beheira District, Lower 30 Gd gdef=7(23.3) qdef=.233
Egypt
1640 Egyptians(males) Sharkiya District, Lower 561 Gd I gdef=14(25.0) I qdef=.250
Egypt
1640 Egyptians(males) Ismailia and Suez 61 Gd I gdef=2(33.3) I qdef=.333
Districts, Lower Egypt
1640 Egyptians(males) Kafrel Sheikh District 211 Gd I gdef=10(47.6) I qdef=.476
Lower Egypt
1640 Egyptians(males) Dakahlia District, Lower 231 Gd 1 gdef=11(47.8) I qdef=.478
Egypt
1640 Egyptians(males) Menofia District, Lower 271 Gd I gdef=7(25.9) I qdef=.259
Egypt
1640 Egyptians(males) Gharbia District, Lower 151 Gd I gdef=5(33.3) I qdef=.333
Egypt
1640 Egyptians(males) Kalyoubia District, Lower 24 1 Gd I gdef=8(33.3) I qdef=.333
Egypt
1640 Egyptians(males) Arish District, Lower 31 Gd I gdef=O
Egypt
1640 Egyptians(males) Guiza District, Upper 161 Gd I gdef=3(18.8) I qdef=. 188
Egypt

REF.
NO. POPULATION
EGYPT
1640 Egyptians(males)
1640 Egyptians(males)
"-
1640 Egyptians(males)
1640 Egyptians(males)
1640 Egyptians(males)
1640 Egyptians(males)
129 Nubians
129 Nubians
129 Arabs
PLACE
Benisuef District, Upper
Egypt
Menya District, Upper
Egypt
Assiut District, Upper
Egypt
Girga District, Upper
Egypt
Aswan District, Upper
Egypt
Konouz village, North
Nubia
Fedikyaees village. South
Nubia
Nubia
236
NUMBER
TESTEO SYSTEM RESULTS
36
19
15
20
12
83
115
121
120
Gd
Gd
Gd
Gd
Gd
Gd
Hb
Hb
Hb
gdef=12(33.3)
gdef=4(21.0)
gdef=4(26.7)
gdef=6(30.0)
gdef=3(25.0)
gdef=21(25.3)
871 Egypt i ans 5051 HTGd A2=10(1.98), F=2(0.40), bdTh=1(0.20)
AD=1(0.20), bTh(het)=7(1.39),
aTh=13(2.57)
1828 Egyptians(newborns)
1828 Egyptians(adults)
1326 Egyptians(males)
870 Egyptians(students)
136 Bisharins
(nomad Beja)
Cairo
Cairo
Cairo
Cairo
Aswan Governorate
136 Nubians Fadihyan Subdivision
Aswan Governorate
550
630
52
Th
Hb
Gd
1451 Hb
291 HbGd
A=115
A=121
A=120
Barts=O
AH=O
GdB=9(17.31), GdA=2(3.85)
GdIbadan-Austin=2(3.85), GdDebrousse=5(9.62
GdA-=1(1.92), GdRamat-Gan=6(11.54)
GdAthens-like=4(7.69), GdKabyle=2(3.85)
GdMediterranean=3(5.77), GdColumbus=1(1.92)
GdTel-Hashomar=3(5.77), GdChicago=1(1.92)
GdMadrona=1(1.92), GdWestBengal=1(1.92)
GdOhio=2(3.85), GdTahta=1(1.92)
GdSiwa=1(1.92), GdEl-Kharga=1(1.92)
GdEl-Fayoum=1(1.92)
AD=1(0.69)
A=29, gdef=O
GENE
FREQUENCIES
qdef=.333
qdef=.210
qdef=.267
qdef=.300
qdef=.250
qdef=.253
qA= 1.00
qA= 1.00
qA= 1.00
qD= .0010
qaTh= .0129
qbTh=.0198
qD= .0034
qA= 1.00
2081 Hb HbKhartoum=1(0.48) qKhart=.0024

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION
LIBYA
2159 Libyans
PLACE
Tripoli
TESTED SYSTEM
230 HbTh A2=O, F=O, A=230
RESULTS
COO
FREQUENCIES
537 Fezzanese Sebha 13 Gd gdef=O
1418 Sebha(males) 7 Gd gdef=O
537 Fezzanese Sebha 451 Hb I sickle=32(71.1) IqS=.356
1391 Libyans Tripol itania 600 Hb sickle=5(0.8) qS=.004
1390 Libyans Tripolitania 1540 Hb AS=14(0.9) I qS=.004
1389 Libyans Tauorga Oasis, Misurata 260 Hb sickle=27( 10.4) qS=.052
Province
1855 uews from Libya Israel 219 Gd gdef=2(0.9) I qdef=.009
(males)
1054 Libyans Tripoli 680 Hb AS=3(0.44), AC=3(0.44) qS= .0022
qC=.0022
1054 Libyans(males) Tripoli 597 Gd gdef=29(4.9) qdef=.0486
1054 Libyans Benghazi 320 Hb AS=5(1.56), AuBenghazi=1(0.31) qS=.0078
qu=.0016
1054 Libyans(males) Benghazi 324 Gd gdef=5(1.5) qdef=.0154
1054 Libyans Sabha 206 Hb AS=13(6.31), AC=1(0.48) qS=.0316
qC= .0024
1054 Libyans(males) Sabha 226 Gd gdef=44(19.5) qdef=.1947
1001 Libyans(students) Benghazi University 545 Hb AS=16(2.94), AC=5(0.92), AO=2(0.37) qS=.0147
Garyounis qC=.0046
qO=.0018
525 Libyans Paris 151 HbTh AS=3(2.0), AD=1, A2=1(0.6), F=O qS= .010
qbTh=.003
TUNISIA
196 Tunisians Tunis 742 HbTh A2=3/F=1/A2F=0(0.5), AS=4(0.5) qbTh=.003
qS=.003
196 Tunisians(anem1c) Tunis 8091 HbTh I A2=40(4.9), S=36(4.4), AS=14(1.7), qbTh=.025
SC=3(0.4), AC=3(0.4), C=4(0.5) qS=.055
qC=.009
402 Tunisians 2751 Hb I AS=9(3.3), AC=1(0.4) qS=.016
qC= .002
238

REF.
NO. POPULATION
TUNISIA
603 Tunisians
1622 Tunisians
1855 Jews from Djerba
(males)
1172 Tunisians
1172 Tunisians
525 Tunisians
ALGERIA
1045 Algerians and
Tunisians
1959 Algerians(males)
1959 Algerians(males)
1959 Algerians(males)
402 Arabo-Berbers
413 Arabo-Berbers
2109 Algerians
197 Algerians(males)
1959 Algerians(males)
1959 Algerians(males)
2109 Algerians
2109 Algerians
413 Arabo-Berbers
PLACE
Tunis
Israel
Monastir
Sousse
Paris
Algeria and Tunisia
Annaba(Bone)
Batna
Constantine
Constantine
Constantine
Constantine
Constantine
Setif
Medea
Medea
Setif
Dahra ChercheI I
239
NUMBER
TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS
820
457
52
Hb
Th
Gd
811 Hb
1141 Hb
18441 HbTh
7
45
17
36
430
356
13
3707
63
61
20
26
Gd
Gd
Gd
Gd
Hb
Th
Gd
Gd
Gd
Gd
Gd
Gd
2401 HbTh
sickle=16(2.0)
OsmRes=30(6.6)
gdef=O
A=81, AS=O, HbFSardinia=8(9.9)
AS=l, HbFSardinia=11(9.6)
AS=17(0.9), AC=7(0.4), AD=2, AGPhila=l,
A2=11(0.6), F=13(0.7)
Gd8=6(85.71), GdA=1(14.29)
gdef=O
gdef=O
gdef=O
S=1(0.2), AS=7(1.9), SC=2(0.5), AC=4(0.9),
C=3(0.7), AK=2
OsmRes=55(15.5)
gdef=O
gdef=94(2.54)
gdef=2(3.2)
gdef=O
gdef=O
gdef=1(3.8)
OsmRes=20(8.3), S=1(0.4), AS=3(1.2),
SC=4(1.7), AC=1O(4.2). C=3(1.2)
GENE
FREQUENCIES
qS= .010
qA=1.00
qAgT=.049
qS=.004
qAgT= .048
qS=.005
qC=.002
qbTh=.007
qS=.013
qC=.014
qK=.002
qdef=.0254
qdef=.032
qS=.019
qC= .042
402 Arabo-Berbers Oran 1201 Hb Ac=1C0.8), qC=.004

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTEO SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
I I I
ALGERIA
401 M'Sirda Berbers Nemours. Oran 134 Hb A=134 qA= i .00
1959 Algerians(males) Algiers i14 Gd gdef=3(2.6) qdef=.026
1959 Algerians(males) Algiers' Suburbs 98 Gd gdef=2(2.0) qdef=.020
1055 Algerians Algiers 3650 Hb S=7(0.2). AS=2B(0.8) . SC=1(0.03) . qS=.006
AC=18(0.7). C=5(0.1), OC=1. OCA=1. GOA=1 qC=.004
qO=.0001
197 Algerians(males) Algiers 640 Gd gdef=18(2.81) qdef=.0281
198 Algerians(blood Algiers 640 Gd gdef=18(2.81)[Gd-Kabyle=9. Gd-Laghonat=4 qdef=.0281
donors)(males) Gd-Blida=1, Gd-Thenla=1. Gd-Titterl=1
Gd-Alger=1]
1418 Algerians(males) Algiers 1397 Gd gdef=44(3.2) Iqdef=.032
198 Algerians(anemic) Algiers 680 Gd gdef=25(3.6) qdef=.036
(males)
909 Algerians(newborn) Algiers
293\
240
Th \ Barts=29(10.0) IqaTh=.0495
1680 Algerians(newborn) 1394 Gd gdef=23(1.65) qdef=.0165
(males)
1680 Algerians(newborn) 1408 Gd gdef=3(0.21). gdef(int)=7(0.50) I qdef=.0046
(females)
2030 Algerians Algiers 722 Hb AS=8(1.1). AC=3(0.4) qS=.006
199 Algerians(patlents) Algiers 1527 HbTh A2 =190( 12 . 4 ) . S=60(3.9).AS=32(2.1). qbTh=.062
SC=3(0.2). C=8(0.5) qS=.051
1039 Europeans Algiers 7481 Hb I sickle=O
I
qC= .006
402 Europeans Algiers 274
Hb I 1
A=274 I qA=1.00
413 Europeans Algiers 230 Th OsmRes=20(8.7)
402 Jews Algiers 176 Hb A=176 I qA=1.00
413 Jews Algiers 159 Th OsmRes=4(2.5)
2109 Algerians Algiers 95 Gd gdef=2(2.1)
1039 Arabs Algiers 252 Hb sickle=2(0.8) IqS=.004
64 Berbers Algiers 180 Hb sickle=1(0.6) qS=.003

REF.
NO. POPULATION
ALGERIA
402 Arabo-Berbers
413 Arabo-Berbers
PLACE
Algiers
Algiers
2032 Arabs from Algeria Paris
525 Algerians Paris
2032 Kabyles from Algeria Paris
402 Arabo-Berbers LeKouif
2109 Algerians
64 Kabyle Berbers
413 Kabyle Berbers
413 Kabyle Berbers
2109 Algerians
2109 Algerians
2109 Algerians
2109 Algerians
413 Shawia Berbers
1959 Algerians(males)
1959 Algerians(males)
1959 Algerians(males)
1959 Algerians(males)
Grand Kabylie
Tizi Ouzou
Grand Kabylie
Petite Kabylie
Azazga Arrondissement
Bouiba Arrondissement
Bordj Menaiel
Arrondissement
Tizi Ouzou Arrondissement
Aures Mountains
Bouira, Tizi-Ouzou
Azazga. Tizi-Ouzou
Tizi-Ouzou, Tizi-Ouzou
Fort National, Tizi-Ouzou
241
NUMBER
TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS
15564
8120
Hb
Th
521 HbTh
19301 HbTh
231 HbTh
781 Hb
290
105
Gd
Hb
2721 HbTh
2351 HbTh
24
27
34
54
Gd
Gd
Gd
Gd
581 HbTh
301 Gd
281 Gd
701 Gd
961 Gd
S=13(0.1), AS=67(0.4), SC=11(0.1),
AC=65(0.4), C=7, AD=39, AK=3, AI=5. AJ=2
OsmRes=125(1.5)
F=4(7.7), AS=1(1.9)
AS=21(1.1), AC=5(0.6), AO=1(0.05),
A2=22(1.1), F=19(1.0)
F=2(8.7), A=23
A=78
gdef=10(3.4)
sickle=O
OsmRes=4B(17.6), A=272
OsmRes=38(16.2), AS=3(1.3), AC=2(0.9),
AD=3, AK=19(8.1).
gdef=1(4.2)
gdef=1(3.7)
gdef=4(11.8)
gdef =1( 1 .9)
OsmRes=6(10.3), A=58
gdef = 1( 3.3 )
gdef=1(3.6)
gdef =1( 1 .4)
gdef=3(3.1)
GENE
FREQUENCIES
qS=.003
qC=.003
qD=.001
qI=.0002
qJ=.0001
qK=.0001
qbTh=.038
qS=.010
qS=.005
qC=.001
qbTh=.Oll
qF=.043
qA= 1.00
qA= 1.00
qA=1.00
qS=.006
qC=.004
qD=.006
qK=.040
qA= 1.00
qdef=.033
qdef=.036
qdef=.014
qdef=.031

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FRE9UENCIES
I I I
ALGERIA
1959 Algerians(males) Bordj-Menaiel. Tizi-Ouzou 49 Gd gdef=4(8.2) qdef=.082
1959 Algerians(males) Lidadaria, Tizi-Ouzou 48 Gd gdef = 1( 2. 1 ) qdef=.021
1959 Algerians(males) Dar-el-Mizan, Tizi-Ouzou 27 Gd gdef=O
1959 Algerians(males) Cherchell. El-Asnam 70 Gd gdef=4(5.7) qdef=.057
1959 Algerians(males) Tenes. El-Asnam 9 Gd gdef = 1( 1 1 . 1 ) qdef=.111
1959 Algerians(males) El-Abadia. El-Asnam 44 Gd gdef=2(4.5) qdef=.045
1959 Algerians(males) El-Asnam. El-Asnam 21 Gd gdef=2(9.5) qdef=.095
1959 Algerians(males) Mi 1 iana, El-Asnam 11 Gd gdef =1(9. 1 ) qdef=.091
1959 Algerians(males) Tlemcen 12 Gd gdef=O
1959 Algerians(males) Saida 11 Gd gdef =1(9. 1 ) I qdef=.091
1959 Algerians(males) Oran 12 Gd gdef=O
1959 Algerians(males) Mostaganem 4 Gd gdef=O
1959 Algerians(males) Tiaret 11 Gd gdef=O
1959 Algerians(males) Southern Algeria and 17 Gd gdef=O
Sahara
1721 Soufians Wadi Souf 351 HbTh AS=8( 2.27), AC=17(4.84), C=1(0.24) IqS= .0114
A2=25!A2F=3!AF=12(11.40), AK=3(0.85) qC=.0271
ALepore=6(1.71) qbTh=.0570
qK=.0043
qLepore=.0085
1721 Achachna Oued Rirh Touggourt 1531 HbTh 1 AS=10(6.54). AC=8(5.22), AK=4(2.61) I qS=.0327
A2=20!A2F=1/F=2(15.03), ALepore=5(3.27) qC=.0261
qbTh=.0752
qK=.0131
qLepore=.0163
1721 Ouargl i Ouargla oasis 861 HbTh I AS=11(12.79). AC=3(3.49). ALepore= 1( 1 . 16) I qS=.0640
A2=12!F=3(17.44). Barts= 1( 1. 16) qC=.0174
qbTh=.0872
qLepore=.0058
qaTh=.0058
1721 Arabo-Berber Nomads Ouargla Oasis 1681 HbTh I AS=1(0.60), AC=1(0.60) I qS=.0030
A2=10/A2F=1/F=9(11.90) qC=.0030
qbTh=.0595
242

REF. NUMBER GENE
llih- POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
ALGERIA
244
I I \ qK=.026
402 Tauareg Nables Haggar 7 Hb A=7 qA= 1.00
402 Tauareg Vassals Haggar 19 Hb AC=2 qC=.053
402 Touareg Hoggar 26 Hb AS=2. AK=1 qS=.038
qK=.019
402 Tauareg(tatal) Hoggar 52\ Hb I AS=2(3.8). AC=2(3.8). AK=1( 1.9) qS=.019
qC=.019
qK= .010
402 Haratin. Slaves and Hoggar 156/ Hb I S=1(0.6). AS=8(2.6), C=1(0.6). AC=5(3.2) qS=.032
Sudanese AK=8(5.1) qC= .022
qK=.026
402 Arabs Hoggar 241 Hb 1 AS=1. AK=1 qS=.021
qK=.021
408 Tinratma Djanet. Tassili N'Ajjer 651 HbTh 1 A2=3(4.6). S=1(1.5). AS=1(1.5). AC=1(1.5). qbTh=.023
qS=.023
AK=1 qC= .008
qK= .008
408 Azelouaz Djanet. Tassili N'Ajjer 1191 HbTh I A2=7(5.9), AS=9(7.6) qbTh=.029
qS=.038
408 Efferi Djanet. Tass 11 i N' Aj j er 171 HbTh I A2=2(11.8). A=17 qbTh=.059
qA= 1.00
408 Adjahf I Djanet. Tassili N'Ajjer 1161 HbTh \ A2=3(2.6). AS=17(14.7) qbTh=.013
qS= .073
408 Elmihane Djanet. Tassili N'Ajjer 821 HbTh I A2=3(3.7). AS=8(9.8) qbTh=.018
qS=.049
408 Iherir nomads Tassili N'Ajjer 741 HbTh I A2=10(13.5). A=74 qbTh=.068
qA= 1.00
408 Tarat nomads Tassili N'Ajjer 92 HbTh A2=0. AS=4(4.3) qS=.022
408 III izf nomads Tass iIi N' Aj j er 47 HbTh A2=0. AS=4(8.5) qS.= .042
1316 M'Rabtines Ideles. Ahaggar 40 HbTh A2=1!F=2!A2F=0(7.5). AS=2(5.0) qbTh=.038
1316 Issegamarenes Ideles. Ahoggar 70 HbTh A2=4(5.7). AC=2(2.9) qbTh=.029
qC=.014
1316 Haratin Ideles. Ahaggar 251 HbTh I A2=1!F=1!A2F=0(8.0), AS=6(24.0). qbTh=.040
AC=1(4.0) qS=.120
qC=.020

REF.
NO. POPULATION
ALGERIA
1316 Ancfent Slaves
1316 Haratfn(mfxed)
1316 M'Rabtfnes­
Issegamarenes
1200 M'Rabtfnes
(males)
PLACE
1200 Isseqamarene Twareg Ideles
(males)
1200 Isseqamarene Twareg Ideles
and M'Rabtlnes(mixed)
1200 Harratines Ideles
1200 Iklan(prisoners) Ideles
(males)
1200 Iklan and Harratines Ideles
(mixed)(males)
Ideles. Ahoggar
Ideles. Ahoggar
Ideles. Ahoggar
407 Arabs Hoggar and Air
407 Touareg Hoggar and Air
407 Haratin Hoggar and Air
407 Arab-Targui-Negro Hoggar and Air
401 Reguibat Moors Tfndouf
401 Tadjacan Moors Tindouf
401 Arabo-Berbers Tindouf
197 Algerians(males) Djanet
2030 Algerians Fondouk(Tel1)
2114 Saharians Igl f Oasis. Saoura.
Western Algerian Sahara
245
NUMBER
TESTED SYSTEM
46/ HbTh
1161 HbTh
841 HbTh
Ideles 21 Gd GdB=21
251 Gd
191 Gd
91 Gd
61 Gd
361 Gd
1181 HbTh
481 HbTh
1911 HbTh
461 HbTh
384/ Hb
691 Hb
271 Hb
6101 Gd
4991 Hb
RESULTS
F=2(4.3). AS=3(6.5). SC=1(2.2). AC=6(15.2)
A2=2/F=5/A2F=1(6.9). AS=13(11.2). AC=4(3.4)
A2=4/F=3/A2F=2(10.7), A=84
GdA=6(24.0). GdB=19(76.0)
GdA=1(10.53), GdB-=1(5.26). GdB=16(84.21)
GdA=O. GdB-=1(11. 11), GdB=8(88.89)
GdA=3(50.0). GdB=3(50.0)
GdA=3(8.33). GdB=33(91.67)
A2=0. AS=3(2.5)
A2=0. A=48
A2=0. AS=16(8.4). AC=16(8.4)
A2=O, AS=2(4.3). AC=2(4.3)
AC= 1(0. 3)
A=69
A=27
gdef=57(9.34)
AS=4(0.8). AC=1(0.2)
188 Gd GdA-= ? • Gd-Madrona=1(0.5)
GENE
FREQUENCIES
qF=.022
qS=.043
qC=.076
qbTh=.034
qS=.056
qC= .017
qbTh=.054
qS=.025
qA=1.00
qGdA=.240
qGdB-=.0536
qGdA=.105
qGdB-=.111
qGdA=.50
qGdA=.083
qS= .013
qA= 1.00
qS=.042
qC=.042
qS=.022
qC= .022
qC=.OOl
qA= 1.00
qA= 1.00
qdef=.0934
qS=.004

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTEO SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
I I I
MAURITANIA
2032 Moors Paris 38 Th A2=O, F=O
2032 Moors Paris 43 Hb A=43 qA= 1.00
1044 Moors 18 Hb AS=2, SC=1 qS=.083
qC=.028
1542 Moors 24 Hb sickle=O
1457 Moors 10 Hb AS=l, AC=l qS=.050
qC=.050
401 Moors 441 Hb I AS=6, AC=l, AK=2 qS=.068
qC= .011
qK=.023
527 Moors Paris 741 HbTh I AS=1(1.4), AC=2(2.7), A2=0 qS=.007
qC=.014
401 Fulani (Peul) 14 Hb AS=2, AK=1 qS=.071
qK=.036
401 Wolof 5 Hb AS=l, AK=1 qS=. 100
qK=.100
401 Sarakole 261 Hb I AS=1( 3 . 8 ) , AK=2(7.7) qS=.019
qK=.038
401 Tukulor 951 Hb I AS=11(11.6), SC=1(1.0), AC=1(1.0) qS=.063
AK=3(3.2) qC= .011
qK=.016
1045 Mauritanians(males) Mauritania 20 Gd GdB=17(85.0), GdA=1(5.0), GdA-=1(5.0) qGdA-=.050
Gd-Baltimore=1(5.0) qGdA=.050
CAPE VERDE ISLANDS
1591 Cape Verdeans Santo Antao Island 2063 Hb sickle=70(3.4) qS= .017
1591 Cape Verdeans Brava Island 437 Hb sickle=6 qS=.007
2038 Cape .Verdeans Brava Island 198 Hb sickle=12 qS=.030
Cape Verdeans(total) Brava Island 635 Hb sickle=18(2.8) qS=.014
2038 Cape Verdeans Sao Tiago Island 453 Hb sickle=33(7.3) qS=.036
2038 Cape Verdeans Todas Island 897 Hb sickle=47(5.2) qS=.026
2042 Cape Verdeans St. Vincent and St. James 1682 Hb sickle=74(4.4) I qS=.022
Islands
247

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
I I 1
SENEGAL
Massomgo
1574 Wol of (fema1es) N'Diop Sao. Makha N'Dakar, 571 Gd I gdef=25(43.9)
Makha Gaye Beye, Keur
Massomgo
1574 Wolof N'Diop Sao, Makha N'Dakar, 321 Gd I gdef=15(46.9)
Makha Gaye Beye. Keur
Massomgo
1534 Wolof Fleuve Reg i on 209 Th 82=10(4.8) qB2=.0239
1534 Wolof Fleuve Region 209 Th A2=10(4.8) qbTh=.0239
604 Diola Dakar 189 Hb AS=25(13.2) qS=.066
606 Diola(males) Dakar 161 Gd gdef=9(5.6) qdef=.056
606 Diola(females) Dakar 17 Gd gdef=O
606 Diola(cord blood) Dakar 11 Gd gdef=O
1164 Diola Dakar 193 Hb AS=18(9.3), AC=1(0.5) qS=.0466
qC=.0026
1457 Diola 6 Hb AS=O, A=6 qA= 1.00
1534 Diola Casamance Region 3192 Th B2=39( 1.2) qB2= .0061
1534 D10la Casamance Region 3192 Th A2=39(1.2) qbTh=.0061
604 Serer Dakar 390 Hb AS=20(5.1), AC=1(0.3) qS=.026
qC=.001
606 Serer(males) Dakar 325 Gd gdef=33(10.2) qdef=.102
606 Serer(fema1es) Dakar 41 Gd gdef=8(19.5)
GOG Serer(cord blood) Dakar 24 Gd gdef=O
527 Serer Paris 63 HbTh AS=6(9.5), A2=0 IqS=.048
401 Serer 176 Hb AS=24(13.6), AC=1(0.6), AK=2(1.1) qS=.068
qC=.003
qK= .006
1457 Serer 303 Hb AS=12 qS= .020
1232 Serer 1212 Hb sickle=38 qS=.016
Serer(total) 1515 Hb sickle=50(3.3) qS=.016
249

REF.
NO. POPULATION
SENEGAL
1164 Serere
1234 Serer(migrants)
1234 Serer(rural)
604 Lebu
'606 Lebu( ma1es )
606 Lebu(females)
606 Lebu(cord blood)
1232 Lebu
1457 Lebu
Lebu(total)
604 Tukulor
2032 Tukulor
2032 Tukulor(total)
2032 Tukulor
606 TUkulor(males)
606 Tukulor(females)
606 Tukulor(cord blood)
PLACE
Dakar
Dakar
Niarhar Region(Sagne.
N'Ghonine. N'Diamene,
M'Badatt. Barry N'Dondol,
Kalom, N'Diemou. N'Dolch.
Wakhaldiam. Languene and
N'Diamour Villages)
Dakar
Dakar
Dakar
Dakar
Dakar
Paris
Paris
Dakar
Dakar
Dakar
250
NUMBER
TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS
180
346
463
57
52
3
2
493
29
522
246
53
299
47
204
25
18
Hb
Hb
Hb
Hb
Gd
Gd
Gd
Hb
Hb
Hb
Hb
Hb
Hb
Th
Gd
Gd
Gd
AS=13(7.2). AC=1(0.6)
AS=21(6.07), S=1(0.29), AC=15(4.34)
AS=47(10.15), AC=5(1.08)
AS=3(5.3)
gdef=6(11.5)
gdef=O
gdef=O
sickle=29
AS=2
sickle=31(5.9)
S=l, AS=24, AC=6
AS=4, AC=2
S=1(0.3), AS=28(9.4). AC=8(2.7)
A2=0!F=1!A2F=0(2.1)
gdef=14(6.9)
gdef= 1(4 .0)
gdef=O
GENE
FREQUENCIES
qS=.0361
qC=.0028
qS=.0332
qC=.0217
qS=.0508
qC=.0054
qdef=.115
qS=.029
qS=.034
qS=.030
qS=.053
qC=.012
qS=.038
qC=.019
qS=.050
qC=.013
qbTh= .011
qdef=.069
527 TUkulor Paris 1591 HbTh AS=19(11.9), AC=3(1.9). A2=0 qS=.060
qC= .009
1232 Tukulor
1457 Tukulor
555
79
Hb
Hb
sickle=40
5:1, A5:19, AC:3
qS=.036
qS=.133
qC=.019

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
I I I
SENEGAL
401 Tukulor 1971 Hb I AS=24, AC=3, AG=1, AK=5 1 qS=.061
qC=.008
qG=.002
qK=.013
TUkulor(total) 831 Hb sick 1e= 84 ( 10. 1 ) qS=.051
1534 Tukulor Fleuve Region 1631 Th B2=11(0,7) q82=.0034
1534 Tukulor Fleuve Region 1631 Th A2=11(0.7) qbTh=.0034
1164 Tukulor/Peul Dakar 167 Hb AS=18(10.8), AC=8(4.8) qS=.0539
604 Fulani(Peul) Dakar 120 Hb AS=15 qS=.015
2032 Fulani(Peul) Paris 62 Hb AS=13, AC=3 qS= .105
qC=.024
Fulani(Peul)(total) 1821 Hb 1 AS=28(15.4), AC=3(1.6) qS= .077
qC=.008
2032 Fulani(Peul) Paris 58 Th A2=0/F=2/A2F=0(3.4) qbTh= .017
606 Fulani(Peul)(males) Dakar 89 Gd gdef=O
606 Fulani(Peul)(females) Dakar 20 Gd gdef=5(25.0)
606 Fulani(Peul)(cord Dakar 10 Gd gdef=O
blood)
1232 Fulani(Fula) 146 Hb sickle=15 qS=.051
1457 FUlani(Fula) 21 Hb AS=4 qS=.095
FUlani(Fula)(total) 167 Hb sickle=19( 11.4) qS=.051
1232 Fulani(Peul) 257 Hb sickle=23 qS=.OO1
1457 Fulani (Peul) 42 Hb AS=4 qS=.048
401 Fulani(Peul) 100 Hb AS=22, AC=3(3.0), AG=1, AK=(2.0) qS= . 110
qC=.015
qG=.005
qK= .010
FUlani(Peul)(total) 399 Hb sickle=49(12.3) qS=.061
1534 Peuhl Fleuve Region 594 Th 82=5(0.8) qB2=.0042
1-534 Peuhl Fleuve Region 594 Th A2=5(0.8) qbTh=.0042
251

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION
SENEGAL
604 Sarakole
PLACE
Dakar
TESTED SYSTEM
..I HbIAS"7. AC"2
RESULTS FREQUENCIES
C07. qC=.022
2032 Sarakole Paris 311 Hb I AS=5, AC=1 qS=.081
qC=.016
Sarakole(total) 771 Hb I AS=12(15.6), AC=3(3.9) qS=.078
qC=.019
2032 Sarakole Paris 291 Th I A2=0/F=1/A2F=0(3.4) qbTh=.017
606 Sarakole(males) Dakar 40 Gd gdef =1( 2 . 5 ) qdef=.025
606 Sarakole(females) Dakar 3 Gd gdef=1
606 Sarakole(cord blood) Dakar 3 Gd gdef=O
795 Sarakole between Kayes and Yelimane 6501 Hb I AS=85(13.1), AC=32(5.1), C=1, Au=1 I qS=.065
qC=.026
qu=.001
1232 Sarakole 1821 Hb I sickle=14 I qS=.038
1457 Sarakole 141 Hb 1 AS=4 qS=.143
Sarakole(total) 196
604 Other tribes Dakar 12021 Hb 5=4(0.3), AS=99(8.2), SC=1(O.1). AC=14(1.2) qS=.049
qC=.006
252
Hb Isickle=18(9.2)
qS=.046
606 Other tribes(males) Dakar 1100 Gd gdef=146(13.3) qdef=.133
606 Other tribes(females) Dakar 461 Gd gdef=61( 13.2)
606 Other tribes(cord Dakar 282 Gd gdef=8(2.8)
blood)
2032 Mandingo Paris 38 Th A2=1/F=1/A2F=0(5.3) qbTh=.026
2032 Mandingo Paris 41 Hb AS=8(19.5), AC=7( 17.1) qS=.098
qC=.085
1232 Bambara 214 Hb sickle=18 qS=.042
1457 Bambara 481 Hb I AS=9, AC=3(6.3) qS=.094
qC=.031
Bambara(total) 262
1
Hb 1 sickle=27(10.3)
qS=.052
1232 Soce 70 Hb sickle=11(15.7) qS=.079

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
I
SENEGAL
1232 Lobe 49 Hb sickle=O
1457 Lobe 14 Hb AS=O. A=14 I qA=1.00
Lobe(total) 63 Hb sickle=O
1542 Susu 271 Hb I AS=9
1457 Susu 181 Hb I AS=6. AC=1(5.6) qS=.167
qC=.028
Susu(total) 45 Hb AS=15(33.3) qS=.167
1457 Mandingo 33 Hb AS=O. A=33 qA= 1.00
1542 Mandingo 38 Hb sickle=8 qS=.105
Mandingo(total) 71 Hb sickle=8(11.3) qS=.056
1232 Mandiago 54 Hb sickle=O
1542 Oyola. Manyak and 50 Hb sickle=3 I qS=.030
Mancagne
Casamance Tribes 110 Hb sickle=3(2.7) I qS=.014
(total)
1233 Africans Dakar 242 Gd gdef=16(6.6)
1673 Africans(males) Dakar 91 Gd gdef=7(7.7) qdef=.077
1045 Senegalese(males) Senegal 66 Gd GdB=42(63.64). GdA=16(24.24) qGdA-=.045
GdA-=3(4.54). Gd-Mali=3(4.54) qGdA=.242
Gd-Dakar=2(3.03). GdMadrona=1(1.52)
Gd-Metam=1(1.52)
804 Coniagui 22 Hb AS=1(4.5) qS=.023
804 Bassari 87 Hb AS=12(13.8) qS=.069
804 Bassari 9 Th F=6 qbTh=.333
1534 Maure Fleuve Region 158
1
253
Th 1 B2=2(1.3) qB2=.OO63
1534 MaI inke Casamance Region 149 . Th B2=6(4.0) q82=.0201
1534 Mandiack Casamance Region 1411 Th I 82=0
1534 Mancagne Casamance Region 130
Th I82=0
1534 Divers 133 1 Th 82=1(0.8) I q82=.0038

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTEO SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
I
GUINEA
292 Bassari Ourous and Koudiang, 72 Hb sickle=7(9.7) I qS=.049
Youkounkoun District
292 Baga Fore Monchon. Boffa District 137 Hb sickle=26(19.0) qS=.095
292 Susu Negueah, Dubreka District 141 Hb sickle=30(21.3) qS=.106
292 Mandingo Negueah, Dubreka District 18 Hb sickle=6(33.3) qS=.167
292 Fulani(Fula) Negueah, Dubreka District 7 Hb sickle=6 qS=.428
292 Mandingo Sitakoto, Mamou District 165 Hb sickle=54(32.7) qS=.164
292 Mandingo Houre-Kaba, Mamou District 142 Hb sickle=48(33.8) qS=.169
292 Susu Houre-Kaba, Mamou District 8 Hb sickle=O
292 Fulani(Fula) Soumbalako, Mamou District 179 Hb sickle=42(23.5)
292 Mandingo Soumbalako, Mamou District 3 Hb sickle=O
256
I qS=.117
292 Mandingo Kenenkou, Dabola District 123 Hb sickle=23(18.7) qS=.094
292 Dialonke Dantilia, Faranah District 110 Hb sickle=18(16.4) qS=.082
292 Kuranko Banian, Faranah District 105 Hb sickle=18( 17.1) qS=.086
GUINEA(BISSAU)
1756 Tenda(Pajadinca) 358
Hb Isickle=66 IqS=.092
2040 Tenda(Pajadinca) 3001 Hb AS=48, AN=2. AK=1 qS= .080
qN=.003
qK= .002
Tenda(Pajadinca) 6581 Hb 1 sickle=114(17.3) I qS=.087
(total)
2040 Fulani(Fula) 15531 Hb I AS=248( 16.0), AC=6(0.4). AN=4, AK=2 I qS=.080
qC= .002
qN=.001
qK=.OOl
1756 Fulani(Fula) Futa Djalon 515 Hb sickle=90(17.5) qS=.087
1756 Fulani(Fula Forro) 500 Hb sickle=115(23.0) qS=.115
1756 Fulani(Fula Preto) 430 Hb sickle=108(25.1) qS=.126
1756 Mandingo 500 Hb sickle=75 qS=.075

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
1 1 J
GUINEA(BISSAU)
2040 Mandfngo 8951 Hb I AS=115. AC=fO(1.f). AK=1 J qS=.064
qC=.006
qK=.0006
Mandfngo(total) 1395 Hb sickle=190(13.6) qS=.068
1756 Sarakole 286 Hb sickle=24 qS=.042
2040 Sarakole 268 Hb AS=44. AC=4(1.5) qS=.082
qC= .007
Sarakole(total) 654 Hb sickle=68(10.4) qS=.052
1156 Biafada 505 Hb sickle=77 qS=.076
2040 Biafada 791 Hb AS=103. AC=1. AN=1. AK=1 qS=.065
qC=.0006
qN=.0006
qK=.OO06
Biafada(total) 1302 Hb sickle=180(13.8) qS=.069
2040 Banyun(Banhun) 63 Hb AS=10(15.9) qS=.079
2040 Kassanga(Cassanga) 144 Hb AS=34(23.6) qS=.118
2040 Jacanca 43 Hb AS=4(9.3) qS=.046
1156 Balante(Balanta) 500 Hb sfckle=25 qS=.025
2040 Balante(Balanta) 776 Hb AS=1. AN=1. AK=1 qS=.004
qN=.0006
qK=.0006
Balante(Balanta) 12761 Hb 1 sickle=32(2.5) 1 qS=.013
(total)
1756 Nalu 501 Hb sickle=14 qS=.014
2040 Nalu 100 Hb AS=6 qS=.030
Nalu(total ) 601 Hb sickle=20(3.3) qS=.017
1156 Bayot(Bafote) 473 Hb s1ckle=6 qS=.006
2040 Bayot(Baiote) 342 Hb AS=1 qS=.002
Bayot(Baiote)(total) 815 Hb sickle=7(0.9) qS=.004
1756 Felup(Felupe) 466 lib sickle=8 qS=.008
251

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
I I I
GUINEA(BISSAU)
2040 Felup(Felupe) 641 Hb AS=36 qS=.028
Felup(Felupe)(total) 1107 Hb sickle=44(4.0) qS=.020
1756 Mandyako(Manjaca) 500 Hb sickle=16 qS=.016
2040 Mandyako(Manjaco) 758 Hb AS=16, AN=3, AK=1 qS=.011
qN=.002
qK= .0007
Mandyako(total) 1258 Hb sickle=32(2.5) qS=.013
2040 Susu(Sosso) 94 Hb AS=3(3.2), AN=2 qS=.016
qN=.Oll
2040 Mankanya(Mancapha) 534 Hb AS=1(0.2), AN=1, AK=2 qS=.001
qN=.OOl
qK=.002
2040 Pepel (Papel ) 1244 Hb AS=16(1.3) qS=.006
2044 Pepel (Papel) QUinhamel, Bissau Island 368 Hb sickle=12(3.3) qS=.016
2044 Pepel(Papel) Bucomil, Bissau Island 880 Hb sickle=2(2.5) qS=.013
2044 Pepel(Papel) Prabis, Bissau Island 52 Hb sick I e= 1( 1.9) qS=.OlO
2040 Bi j ogo (B i j ago) 632 Hb AS=2(0.3), AK=1 qS=.002
qK=.001
2040 Other Tribes 401 Hb I AS=5(12.5), AK=l qS=.062
qK=.013
I
GAMBIA
685 Gambian Soldiers 67 Hb sickle=19(28.4) qS=.142
685 Gambian Villagers 69 Hb AS=13( 18.8) qS=.094
67 Mandingo Keneba, Central Division 240 Hb AS=15(6.3), AC=3(1.3) qS=.031
qC=.006
72 Mandingo(males) Keneba, Central Division 103 Gd gdef=16 qdef=.155
1111 Mandingo(males) Keneba, Central Division 289 Gd gdef=24 qdef=.083
258
Mandingo(males) Keneba, Central Division 392 Gd gdef=40(10.2) qdef= . 102
(total)
2168 Mandingo(males) Keneba 336 Gd GdB=246(73.2), GdA=59(17.6), GdA-=19(5.6) I qGdA-=.056
GdGambia=12(3.6) qGdA=.176

REF. NUMBER GENE
N_O_._POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
GAMBIA
692 Manjago Kombo St. Mary Area. 3 Hb A=3 I qA=1.00
Western Division
692 Aku Kombo St. Mary Area. 68 Hb AS=5(7.3). AC=i(1.6) I qS=.0368
Western Division
qC=.0074
692 Dthers(Lebanese and Kombo St. Mary Area, 71 Hb I A=7 I qA=1.00
Mauritanean) Western Division
SIERRA LEONE
104i Creoles Freetown 611\ Hb \ 5=6(1.0), AS=127(20.8). SC=2(0. 3). I qS=. 1i5
AC=17(2.8) qC=.016
1041 Kissi Freetown
i041 Mende Freetown 14: I· Hb S=i(0.7), AS=25(i6.8). AC=1(0.7) qS=.091
qC=.003
260
Hb 1 AS=2
qS= . 167
1041 Temne Freetown 2441 Hb I AS=63(25.8), AC=2(0.8) qS=. i29
qC= .004
104i Limba Freetown i341 Hb I 5=1(0.7). AS=39(29.1). AC=3(2.2), C=i(0.7). qS=.152
AJ=2(1.5) qC=.019
qJ=.007
1041 Susu Freetown 391 Hb I AS=7(17.9). AC=2(5.1) qS=.090
qC=.026
104i Mandingo Freetown 55 Hb AS=14(25.5) qS=.127
1041 Sherbro Freetown 47 Hb AS=8(17.0) qS=.085
1041 Loko Freetown 45 lib AS=11(24.4) qS=.122
1041 Fulani(Fula) Freetown 26 Hb AS=5(19.2) qS=.096
1041 Other tribes Freetown 202 Hb 5=2(1.0), AS=31(i5.3). SC=1(0.5). AC=8(4.0) I qS=.089
qC=.022
842 Sierra Leonans Freetown 1038
1
Hb 1 sickle=280(27.0)
67 Creoles Freetown 42 Hb AS=10(23.8), AC=3(7.1) qS=.i19
qC= .036
67 Timne Freetown 521 Hb 1 AS=i5(28.8), AC=2(3.8) qS=.144
qC=.019
67 Mende Freetown 1241 Hb I AS=36(29.0), AC=5(4.0) qS=.145
qC= .020

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
SIERRA LEONE
1706 Mende Segbwema 1000 Hb sickle=306(30.6) I qS=.153
LIBERIA
2180 Mande tribes Narthern Liberia 30211 Hb I AN=11(0.36), AS=117(3.9), AC=12(0.4) I qN= .002
qS=.019
qC= .002
1249 Mende 110I Hb I sickle=18(16.4) qS=.082
1458 Mende 61 Hb AS=ll qS=.090
1458 Mende 19 Th A2=0
1458 Mende 42 Th F=O
2183 Mende/Gbande Buchanan 9 Hb A=9
Mande-Fu
1601 Gala 100 Hb sickle=19 I qS=.095
1249 Gala 2681 Hb I sickle=31 qS=.058
Gala(tatal)
368\
261
Hb I sickle=50(13.6) qS=.068
1458 Gala 158 Hb S=1, AS=16, AC=1(0.6). AN=l qS=.057
qC= .003
qN=.003
I
1458 Gala 10 Th A2=0
1458 Gala 125 Th F=7(5.6) qbTh=.028
242 Gala 1371 HbTh I AS=15(10.9), AC=3(2.2), S=1, bTh=14(10.2) qS=.062
F=1(0.8) qbTh=.051
qC= .011
1898 Gala
Th 1 AF=1(5.6) qbTh=.0278
1896 Gala Manrovia
1:1
Hb AS=1 qS=.100
2182 Gala Yekepa 12 HbTh AS=1(8.3)
2183 Gala/Gissi Buchanan 9 Hb AS=2(22.22) I qS = . 1111
West Atlantic Tribes
1249 Vai 114 Hb sickle=17(14.9) I qS=.075
1458 Vai
Hb I AS=4 I qS=.035
1458 Vai
5:1
Th A2=0
-,

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
LIBERIA
1458 Vai 40 Th I F=O
242 Vai 109 HbTh AS=20(18.3), AC=2(1.8). bTh=10(9.2), SbTh=l I qS=.096
qbTh=.050
qC= .009
1896 Vai Monrovia 18 Hb S=1(5.5), AS=4(22.2) I qS=.167
1898 Vai(children) 53 Hb AS=10(18.9), S=3(5.6) 1 qS=.1509
2182 Vai Yekepa 15 HbTh AS=4(26.7)
2183 Vai, Mande-Tan Buchanan 16 Hb AS=4(25.0). AC=1(6.25) qS=.1250
qC=.0312
1249 Kissi Tamba Taylor Chiefdom 459 Hb sickle=99(21.6) qS=.119
1458 Kiss1 141 Hb AS=28 qS=.099
1458 Kiss1 22 Th A2=1(4.5) qbTh=.023
1458 Kissi 91 Th F=O
2182 G1ssi Yekepa 31 HbTh AS=7(28.5), AC=1(3.2)
242 K1ssi 124 HbTh AS=36(29.0), AC=2(1.6). bTh=2(1.6), qS=.149
AN=1(0.8) , SbTh=1(0.8) qbTh=.012
qC= .008
1898 Giss1 211 HbTh I AS=2(9.5), S:=1(4.8), FF=1(4.8) qS=.0952
qbTh=.0476
1249 Gband1 Boymah Jollah Chiefdom 421
1
262
Hb 1 sickle=62(14.7) qS=.074
1458 Gbandi 155 Hb S=1, AS=19, AC=1(0.6), C=1(0.6) qS=.061
qC= .010
1458 Gbandi 17 Th A2=1(5.9) qbTh=.029
1458 Gbandi 117 Th F=4(3.4) qbTh= .017
2182 Gbande Yekepa 10 HbTh AS=1( 10.0)
1898 Gbandi(ch1ldren) 12 Hb AS=2(16.7) qS=.0833
1250 Belle 29 Hb s1ckle=3( 10.3) qS=.052
1458 Belle 13 Hb AS=2 qS= .077
Belle(total) 42 Hb s1ckle=5(11.9) qS=.06

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTEO SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
LIBERIA
1458 Belle 3 Th A2=0
1458 Belle 6 Th F=O
1898 Belleh 2 Hb A=2 qA= 1.00
1249 Loma Guzeh Chiefdom 1431 Hb 1 sickle=16(11.2) qS=.056
1249 Loma Tellewoyan Chiefdom 62
1458 Loma 3301 Hb 5=1, AS=41, AC=5(1:5), AN=2 I qS=.065
qC=.008
qN=.003
1458 Loma 144 Th A2=1(0.7)
I
1458 Loma 255 Th F=O
263
Hb 1 sickle=7(11.3)
qS=.056
2182 Loma Yekepa 57 HbTh AS=8(14.0), bTh=8(14.0) qbTh=.070
2183 Loma, Mande-Fu Buchanan 11 Hb AS=1(9.09) qS=.0454
242 Loma 121 HbTh AS=24(19.8). AC=3(2.5), bTh=3(2.5) qS=.099
qbTh=.012
qC=.012
1898 Loma(children) 471 HbTh I AS=8(17.0), 5=2(4.3), AJ=1(2.1), FF=1(2.1) I qS=. 1277
qJ=.0106
qbTh=.0213
1896 Loma Monrovia 171 Hb 1 AS=1, AC=1 qS=.029
qC=.029
1249 Kpelle Gleh Chiefdom 59 Hb sickle=8(13.6) qS=.068
1249 Kpelle Kpangbai Chiefdom 344 Hb sickle=63(18.3) qS=.092
1249 Kpelle Tarkono Chiefdom 76 Hb sickle=12(15.8) qS=.079
1249 Kpelle Fahn Gwilly Chiefdom 53 Hb sickle=1( 1.9) qS=.009
1249 Kpelle Steven Giddings Chiefdom 82 Hb sickle=16(19.5) qS=.098
1249 Kpele Kole Gwee Chiefdom 43 Hb sickle=5(11.6) I qS=.058
1249 Kpell e Wea Wea Chiefdom 66 Hb sickle=4(6. 1) I qS=.030
1249 Kpelle Swar Gbanyah Chiefdom 65 Hb sickle=5(7.7) I qS=.038
1249 Kpelle Ooloken Paye Chiefdom 123 Hb sickle=3(2.4) qS=.012

REF.
NO. POPULATION
LIBERIA
1249 Kpelle
1249 Kpelle
1249 Kpelle
1458 Kpelle
1458 Kpelle
1458 Kpelle
2183 Kpelle, Mande-Fu
2182 Kpelle
242 Kpell e
1898 Kpelle(children)
1896 Kpel1e
2177 Kpelle/Loma
1249 Bassa
1249 Bassa
1249 Bassa
1249 Bassa
1249 Bassa
1249 Bassa
1249 Bassa
PLACE
Lango Lipaye Chiefdom
Southwest Chiefdoms
Bassa Chiefdoms
Buchanan
Yekepa
Monrovia
Northern Liberia
Menyongar Chiefdom
Northern Chiefdoms
Garbudu Chiefdom
Mamba Chiefdom
Buchanan and Vicinity
Frank Yarsee Chiefdom
Central Chiefdoms
264
NUMBER
TESTEO SYSTEM RESULTS
37
20
20
399
127
241
Hb
Hb
Hb
Hb
Th
Th
381 HbTh
1121 HbTh
1591 HbTh
701 HbTh
121 Hb
211 HbTh
321 Hb
401 Hb
481 Hb
761 Hb
231 Hb
421 Hb
501 Hb
sickle'=7(18.9)
sickle'=4(20.0)
sickle'=2(10.0)
S=l, AS'=37, AC'=6(1.5), AK'=l, AN'=5
A2'=7(5.5)
F=O
AS,=8(21.05), bTh(het)'=2(5.26)
AS'=11(9.8), bTh'=6(5.3), B2'=3(2.7)
AS'=23(14.5), AC'=2(1.3), bTh,=12(7.5), AN'=1
AS'=16(22.9), S=2(2.9), AC'=1(1.4), AF=2(2.9)
AJ=1(1.4), SF=1(1.4)
AS'=l
AS'=3(14.3), AC=1(4.8), bTh(het)'=1(4.8)
sickle'=5(15.6)
sickle'=10(25.0)
sickle=7(14.6)
sickle=6(7.9)
sickle'=6(26.1)
sickle'=2(4.8)
sickle=1(2.0)
1249 Bassa Southern Chiefdoms 53 Hb sickle=O
GENE
FREQUENCIES
qS=.095
qS,=.100
qS=.050
qS'=.049
qC= .008
qK=.001
qN=.006
qbTh'=.028
qS=. 1053
qbTh=.0263
qbTh=.027
qS'= .072
"qbTh= .038
qC= .006
qS=.1500
qC=.0071
qJ=.0071
qbTh'=.0214
qS'=.042
qS=.0714
qC=.0238
qbTh=.0238
qS=.078
qS=.125
qS=.073
qS=.039
qS=.130
qS=.024
qS= .010

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
I I I
LIBERIA
1458 Bassa 2831 Hb I S=l, AS=23. AK=l I qS=.044
qK=.002
I
1458 Bassa 61 Th A2=0
1458 Bassa 132 Th F=4(3.0) qbTh=.015
2182 Bassa Yekepa 118 HbTh AS=10(8.5). bTh=15(12.7). B2=4(3.4) qbTh=.064
2183 Bassa, Kru Group Buchanan 456 HbTh AS=34(7.46), S=1(0.22), AC=1(0.22) qS=.0406
bTh(het)=59(12.94), bTh(hom)=1(0.22) qC= .0011
SbTh= 1(0. 22) qbTh=.0690
2183 Bassa Buchanan 456 Hb B2(het)=7, B2(hom)=2 qB2=.121
242 Bassa 184 HbTh AS=13(7.1), bTh=22(12.0) qS=.035
qbTh= .060
1898 Bassa 1621 HbTh 1 AS=19(11.7). S=4(2.5), AF=2(1.2), AJ=1(0.6) I qS=.0833
qbTh=.0062
qJ=.0031
1896 Bassa Monrovla 22 Hb AS=2(9.1) qS=.045
1249 Mano Bona Sua Chiefdom 199 Hb sickle=3(1.5) qS=.008
1249 Mano Yennigen Chiefdom 102 Hb sickle=O
1458 Mano 116 Hb AS=2, AC=1(0.9). AD=1, AN=1 I qS=.009
qC=.004
qD= .004
qN=.004
I
1458 Mano 10 Th A2=0
1458 Mano 82 Th F=1(1.2) I qbTh=.006
2182 Mano Yekepa 482 HbTh AS=14(2.9). AC=1(0.2). bTh=42(8.7),
B2=3(0.7)
242 Mano 1211 HbTh I AS=3(2.5), AC=1(1.7). bTh=11(9.1). qS=.017
bTh(hom)=1(0.8). SbTh=1(0.8) qbTh=.058
qC=.008
2177 Yamein Mano Northern Liberia 18941 HbTh I AS=64(3.4). AC=3(0.2), AN=13(0.7) qS=.0172
bTh(het)=172(9.1). bTh(hom)=5(0.3) qC=.0008
SbTh=1(0.05) qN=.0034
1898 Mano(children)
201 Hb I A=20
I
qbTh=.0483
265

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
I I I
LIBERIA
1896 Mano Monrovia 6 Hb AS=1 qS=.083
2180 Mande(Mano, Kpelle 3021 Hb AN=11(0.36), AS=117(3.9), AC=12(0.4) qS=.0194
and Lorna) qC=.0020
qN=.0018
1249 Gio 522 Hb sickle=9( 1.7) qS=.009
1458 Gio 105 Hb AS=3. AN=1 qS=.014
qN=.005
1458 Gio 23 Th A2=2(8.7) qbTh=.043
1458 Gio 63 Th F=1( 1.6) qbTh=.008
242 Gio 1191 HbTh I AS=3(7..5). AC=1(0.8). bTh=13(10.9). qS= .013
bTh( hom) =1(0.8) qbTh=.063
qC= .004
2177 Gio Northern Liberia 4651 HbTh 1 AS=8(1.7), AC:1(0.2). bTh(het)=44(9.5) qS=.0086
bTh(hom)=1(0.2) qC= .0011
qbTh=.0495
2182 Gio Yekepa 981 HbTh I AS=3(3.0). bTh=11(11.2), B2=1(1.0) qbTh=.056
2183 Mano/Gio, Mande-Fu Buchanan 46 HbTh AC=1(2.17), bTh(het)=7(15.22) qC=.0109
qbTh=.0761
1898 Gio(children) 141 HbTh I AS=1(7.1), AF=2(14.3). FF=1(7.1) qS=.0357
qbTh=.1429
1249 Dei 54
1
266
Hb I sickle=2(3.7)
qS=.018
1458 Dei 37 Hb A=37 qA= 1.00
1458 Dei 361 Th 1 F=1(2.8) qbTh=.014
2177 Kru tribes Northern Liberia 491 HbTh I AS=3(6. i), AC=1(2.0), bTh(het)=4(8.2) qS=.0408
bTh(hom)=1(2.0). SbTh=1(2.0) qC= .0102
qbTh=.0714
1898 Kru(children) 1001 HbTh I AS=7(7.0), 5=2(2.0), AJ=1(1.0), FF=1(1.0) qS=.0550
qJ=.0050
qbTh= .0100
1896 Kru Monrovia 71 Hb I AS=2. AC=2 I qS=.143
qC=.143
1249 Kru 196
Hb 1 sickle=1(0.5) qS=.002
1458 Kru 1401 Hb AS=1 qS=.004

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
I I I
LIBERIA
1458 Kru 12 Th A2=0
1458 Kru 109 Th F=3(2.8) qbTh=.014
242 Kru 127 HbTh AS=11(8.7), AC=l, S=l, bTh=11(8.7), qS=.051
F=l qbTh=.049
qC=.004
2183 Kru, Kru Group Buchanan 55 Th bTh(het)=6(10.91), bTh(hom)=1(1.82) qbTh=.0727
2182 Kru Yekepa 40 HbTh AS=3(7.5), bTh=9(22.5), B2=2(5.0) qbTh=.113
1249 Krahn 186 Hb AS=1(0.5) qS=.003
1458 Krahn 88 Hb A=88 qA= 1.00
1458 Krahn 13 Th A2=0
1458 Krahn 51 Th F=2(3.9) qbTh=.020
242 Krahn 120 HbTh AS=1(0.8), bTh=10(8.3), F=2(1.6) qS=.004
qbTh=.05
2183 Krahn, Kru Group Buchanan 9 Th bTh(het)=2(22.22) qbTh= . 1111
1898 Krahn(children) 17 HbTh AS=1(5.9), AF=1(5.9) qS=.0294
qF=.0294
242 Sapo 1321 HbTh 1 AS=1(0.8), AC=1(0.8), bTh=17(12.9), I qS=.004
bTh(hom)=l qbTh=.072
qC=.004
2182 Krahn Yekepa 46 HbTh AS=1(2.2), bTh=7(15.2), 82=2(4.3) qbTh=.076
1249 Grebo 123 Hb sickle=1(0.8) qS=.004
1458 Grebo 104 Hb AS=l qS=.005
1458 Grebo 28 Th A2=0
1458 Grebo 99 Th F=2(2.0) qbTh= .010
1898 Grebo 51 HbTh AS=4(7.8), S=1(2.0), AC=1(2.0), AF=4(7.8) qS=.0588
AJ=1(2.0) qC=.0098
qblh=.0392
qJ=.0098
242 Grebo 1251 HbTh I AS=4(3.2), bTh=15(12.0) qS=.016
qbTh=.06
2183 Grebo, Kru Group Buchanan 321 HbTh I AS=1(3.12), bTh(het)=6(18.75) qS=.0156
qbTh=.0938
267

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQ.UENCIES
LIBERIA
2182 Grebo Yekepa 107 HbTh AS=3(2.8), bTh=12(11.2), B2(het)=4(3.7), I qbTh=.056
B2 (hom) =1(0.9)
1896 Grebo Monrovia 201 Hb I AS=2(10.0), AC=1 I qS=.050
qC=.025
1249 Webbo 178 Hb sickle=1(0.6) qS=.003
1458 Webbo 180 Hb AS=1 qS=.003
1458 Webbo 46 Th A2=0
1458 Webbo 182 Th F=6(3.3) qbTh=.016
1249 Americo-Liberians 110 Hb sickle=17(15.5) qS= .077
1458 Americo-Liberians 16 Hb AS=5 qS=.156
1458 Americo-Liberians 2 Th A2=0
1458 Americo-Liberians 13 Th F=O
1458 Mandingo 55 Hb AS=16(29. I), AC=2(3.6) I qS=.145
qC=.018
1458 Mandingo 25 Ttl A2=0
1458 Mandingo 52
268
Th IF=O
2177 Mandingo Northern Liberia 45 HbTh AS=12(26.7), AC=2(4.4) IqS=. 1333
qC=.0222
2182 Mandingo Yekepa 97 HbTh AS=22(22.7), AC=3(3.1), B2(hom)=2(2.1)
1458 Other Tribes 15 Hb AS=3, AC=l qS=.100
qC=.033
1458 Other Tribes 11 Th F=O
1250 Fanti Marshall 60 Hb sickle=20(33',3) qS=.167
2177 Liberians(patients Yekepa 558 Hb AS=10(1 .79), AC=7(1.25) qS=.0090
with malaria)
qC=.OO63
2177 Liberians(patients Yekepa 543 Th bTh(het)=20(5.52) qbTh= .0276
with malaria)
2177 Liberians(general Yekepa 1225 HbTh AS=88(7.18), AC=5(0.41), bfh(het)=110(8.98) I qS=.0359
population) qC= .0020
qbTh=.0449

REF.
NO. POPULATION PLACE
LIBERIA
269
NUMBER
TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS
2183 Mandingo, Mande-Tan Buchanan 211 HbTh AS=3(14.29), AC=2(9.52), bTh(het)=1(4.16)
C=1
2183 Other Kru tribes
2183 Mande-Fu group
2183 Mande-Tan & West
Atlantic groups
2183 Liberian tribes
2183 Liberians(males)
2183 Liberians(females)
2181 Liberians(children)
2181 Liberians(children)
2182 Liberians
(schoolchildren)
2182 Liberians
2182 Liberians
Buchanan
Buchanan
96' Hb
1041 Hb
Buchanan 46 Hb
Buchanan
Buchanan
Buchanan
Yekepa
Mano Towns
Yekepa
Ganta and Yekepa vicinity
Lamco Area
702
71
69
Th
Gd
Gd
1741 Th
282' Th
407' HbTh
338' HbTh
301' HbTh
B2(het)=4
B2(het)=3, B2(hom)=1
B2=0
HPFH=2(0.28)
GENE
FREQUENCIES
qS=.0714
qC=.0952
qbTh=.0238
qB2=.020B
qB2=.0240
GdA-=11(15.5), GdA=11(15.5), GdB=49(69.0) qGdA-=.155
qGdA=.155
GdA-A-=6(8.7), GdAA=4(5.8),
GdBB=34(49.3), GdAB=12(17.4),
GdA-B=13(18.8)
A2=14(8.05)
A2=29(10.28)
AS=31(7.6), 5=1(0.2), AC=1(0.2)
bTh(het)=43(10.6), bTh(hom)=2(0.5)
SbTh=1(0.2), CbTh=1(0.2). B2=6(1.5)
F=12(2.9)
AS=12(3.5), AC=4(1.2), bTh(het)=17(5.0)
bTh(hom)= 1(0. 3), SbTh= 1(0. 3). AN=4( 1.2).
F=3(1.3), B2(het)=2(0.6), B2(hom)=2(0.6)
AS=24(B.0), AC=2(0.7), bTh(het)=35(11.6)
bTh(hom)=1(0.3), SbTh=2(0.7), A2B2=8(2.6)
F=7(2.3), HbK=1, A2Flatbush=1
2182 Liberians Yekepa 2451 HbTh AS=27(11.0), S=3(1.2), bTh(het)=17(6.9)
bTh(hom)=2(0.8). B2(het)=3(1.2), B2(hom)=1
AN=1, Barts=1
1898 Mandingo(children)
1898 Other(children)
32
53
Hb
Hb
AS=5(15.6)
AS=11(7.5), S=4(3.8), AC=2(3.8)
Liberians(total) 672' HbTh AS=86(12.80), S=19(2.83), AC=4(0.60)
AF=12(1.79), AJ=5(0.74), SF=1(0.15)
FF=4(0.60)
qbTh=.0402
qbTh=.0514
qS=.0418
qC=.0025
qbTh=.0823
qS=.0192
qC=.0059
qbTh=.0340
qN=.0059
qS=.0432
qC=.0033
qbTh=.0764
qS=.0694
qC=.0020
qS=.0781
qS=.1792
qC=.0189
qS=.092
qC=.003
qF=.016
qJ=.004

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
I
LIBERIA
1897 Liberians(males) Monrovia 121 Gd gdef=18(14.9) qdef=.1488
1897 Liberians(females) Monrovia 246 Gd gdef(int)=140(56.91), gdef=7(2.85) qdef=.3130
1897 Liberians(adults) Monrovia 284 HbTh AS=31(1O.92), 5=1(0.35), AC=5(1.76) qS=.0581
F=I(0.35), A2'=8(2.82) qC=.0088
qA2'=.0141
1897 Liberians(chlldren) Monrovia 215\ HbTh \ AS=20(9.3), 5=11(5.12), AC=2(0.93) qS=.0977
SC=2(0. 93), F=4(1.86), A2'=10(6.51) qC=.0046
qA2'=.0233
IVORY COAST
405 Yaure 462 HbTh A2=14/F=3/A2F=6(5.0), AS=8(1.7), AC=11(2.4) 1 qbTh=.025
qS=.009
qC=.012
410 Yaure 5201 HbTh 1 AS=9(1.7), AC=12(2.3), bTh=18(3.5), I qS=.009
qC= .012
qbTh= .017
1
411 Dan and Yakuba 41 HbTh I A2=0/F=O, A=4
423 Dan and Yakuba 81 HbTh 1 A2=0/F=O, AS=1 qS=.062
Dan and Yakuba(total) 121 Hb 1 AS=I(8 . 3 ) qS=.042
270
411 Guro 17 Hb A=17
423 Guro 14 Hb AS=1 qS=.036
Guro(total) 31 Hb AS=1(3.2) qS=.016
423 Guro 14 Th A2=0/F=0
411 Guro 11 I Th I A2=1/F=1 qbTh=.091
Guro(total) 251 Th \ A2=1/F=1/A2F=0(8.0) qbTh=.040
405 Mande-Fu Speak1ng 513\ HbTh 1 A2=11/F=4/A2F=2(3.3), 5=1(0.2), AS=33(6.4), qbTh=.017
AC"6(1.2) qS=.034
qC= .006
410 Gagu 13461 HbTh I AS"1(0. I), AC=24(1.8), bTh=90(6.7), qS=.0004
CbTh= I(O. 1 ) qC=.009
qbTh=.034
405 Gagu 11921 HbTh I A2"77/F=12/A2F=0(7.5), AS=1, AC=23(1.9) qbTh=.037
qC= .010

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
IVORY COAST
2111 Bokabo Gagu(males) 80 Gd GdA=13(16.25), GdA-=7(8.75). GdB=60(75.0) IqGdA-=.0875
qGdA=.1625
2111 Bokabo(females) 41 Gd GdA=6(14.63), GdA-=5(12.20)
GdAB=7(17.07). GdB=23(5G.l0)
2111 Tuka Gagu(males) 134 Gd GdA=29(21.64). GdA-=32(23.88) IqGdA-=.2388
GdB=73(54.48) qGdA=.2164
2111 Tuka(females) 47 Gd GdA=9(19.15). GdA-=7(14.89)
GdAB=6(12.77), GdB=25(53.19)
423 Dlda 1 Hb A=1
411 Dlda 12 Hb A=12
411 Dlda 9 Th A2=0/F=0
1458 Wobe and Guere 51 Hb AC= 1(2 .0) I qC=.010
1458 Wobe and Guere 40 Th F=O
411 Guere 8 Th A2=0/F=0
423 Guere 27 HbTh A2=0. AS=1 qS=.018
411 Guere 10 Hb AS=1 qS=.050
Guere(total) 37 Hb AS=2(5.4) qS=.027
571 Guere(blood donors) 44 Gd gdef(part)=1(2.2) qdef=.022
423 Wobe 47 HbTh A2=0/F=0. AS=8 qS=.085
411 Wobe 11 Hb A=11
411 Wobe
Wobe(total) 58 Hb AS=8(13.8) I qS=.069
8:1
271
Th 1A2=0/F=0
571 Wobe(blood donors)
(males)
Gd gdef(part)=5(5.7). gdef(tot)=2(2.2) 1 qdef=.079
411 Bete and Godie 1121 Hb I AS=2 qS=.009
423 Bete and God1e 751 HbTh A2=2/F=O, AS=7 qbTh=.013
qS=.047
Bete and Godie(total) 1871 Hb I AS=9(4.8), AC=1(0.5) qS=.024
qC= .003

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTEO SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
IVORY COAST
421 Attie Atiekwa 964 Gd gdef=121(12.6)
411 Ebrie 14 Hb A=14
423 Ebrie 8 HbTh A2=0/F=O,AC=1 qC= .062
Ebrie(total) 22 Hb AC=1(4.5) qC=.023
411 Ebrie 9 Th A2=0/F=0
411 Nzima(Appolo) 25 Hb AS=1, AC=3 I qS=.020
qC=.060
2032 Nzima(Appolo) Paris 16 Hb AS=1, AC=2 qS=.031
qC=.062
NZima(Appolo)(total) 41 Hb AS=2(4.9), AC=5(12.2) qS=.024
qC=.061
403 Apollo 464 HbTh AS=37(7.97), SC=4(0.86), AC=23(4.96) qS=.0474
C=3(0.65), CTh=2(0.43), STh=3(0.64) qC= .0337
A2=25/F=5/A2F=2(6.90) qbTh=.0399
411 Nzima(Appolo) 16 Th A2=0/F=0
2032 NZima(Appolo) Paris 7 Th A2=0/F=0
409 Koulango Nassian Prefecture 1468 HbTh AS=194(13.21), 5=2(0.14), AC= 170( 11 .58) q5=.0718
C=9(0.61), SC=15(1.02), ACTh=6(0.41) qC=.0691
A2/F/A2F=19(1.30). FTh=13(0.89) qbTh=.0064
AJ=1(0.07), AG=1(0.07) qJ=.0003
qG=.0003
409 Koulango Lambira Village 228 Hb A5=27(11.84), AC=22(9.65), C=1(0.44) qS=.0614
SC= 1(0. 44) qC=.0526
409 Koulango(males) Nassian Village 52 Gd gdef=19(36.54), gdef(part)=3(5.77) qdef=.4231
409 Koulango(females) Nassian Village 68 Gd gdef=12(17.65)
gdef(part)=12(17.65)
409 Koulango(males) Talahini Village 29 Gd gdef=6(20.69), gdef(part)=1(3.45) I qdef=.2414
409 Koulango(females) Talahini Village 33 Gd gdef=4(12.12), gdef(part)=2(6.06)
409 Koulango(males) Bandoyo Village 68 Gd gdef=27(39.71) I qdef=.3971
409 Koulango(females) Bandoyo Village 59 Gd gdef=9(15.25), gdef(part)=6(10.17)
409 Koulango(males) Lambira Village 112 Gd gdef=28(25.00), gdef(part)=5(4.46) I qdef=.2946
274

REF.
NO. POPULATION
IVORY COAST
409 Koulango(females)
409 Koulango(males)
409 Koulango(females)
409 Koulango(males)
409 Koulango(females)
410 Abron
410 Koulango/Abron
Koulango+Abron(total)
410 Abron(males)
410 Abron(females)
410 Koulango/Abron(males)
410 Koulango/Abron
(fema Ies)
405 Akan Speaking tribes
411 Agni
2032 Agni
423 Agni
411 Agni
2032 Agni
403 Agni
Agni(total)
Agni(total)
PLACE
Lambira Village
Paradi Village
Paradi Village
Sominasse Village
Sominasse Village
Paris
Paris
275
NUMBER
TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS
96
66
5
62
32
Gd
Gd
Gd
Gd
Gd
5971 HbTh
2871 HbTh
8841 HbTh
192
118
100
58
Gd
Gd
Gd
Gd
44151 HbTh
521 Hb
25
81
33
22
59
Hb
41 HbTh
Hb
Th
Th
Th
17971 HbTh
gdef=8(8.33), gdef(part)=14(14.58)
gdef=22(33.33)
gdef=O
gdef=17(28.42), gdef(part)=2(3.22)
gdef=3(9.38), gdef(part)=4(12.50)
AS=87(14.58). AC=91(15.24). C=3(0.5)
SC=9(1.5), STh=3(0.5). bTh=32(5.37)
AS=43(14.99). AC=38(13.34). SC=1(0.34)
STh=1(0.34). CTh=2(O.70), bTh=12(4.19)
AS=130(14.71). AC=129(14.59). C=3(O.34)
SC=10(1.13), STh=4(O.45), CTh=2(0.22)
gdef(part)=43(22.4), gdef(tot)=15(7.8)
gdef(part)=26(22.0). gdef(tot)=9(7.6)
gdef(part)=11(11.0). gdef(tot)=2(2.0)
gdef(part)=12(20.7), gdef(tot)=3(5.2)
A2=217/F=43/A2F=5(6.0). S=25(0.6).
AS=351(8.0). SC=11(0.2). AC=161(3.6)
C=14(O.3)
AS=2
AS=2
A2=0/F=0. AS=1
AS=5(6.2)
A2=1/F=1/A2F=0
A2=1/F=0/A2F=0
A2=2/F=1/A2F=0(5.1)
AS=166(9.24). S=4(0.22), SC=9(0.50)
AC=135(7.51). C=4(0.22). CTh=2(0.11)
STh=9(0.50). A2=53/F=16/A2F=2(3.95)
GENE
FREQUENCIES
qdef=.3333
qdef=.3065
qS=.0829
qC=.0838
qbTh=.0293
qS=.0784
qC=.0714
qbTh=.0261
qS=.0814
qC=.0831
qbTh=.0283
qdef=.302
qdef=.130
qbTh=.030
qS=.047
qC=.023
qS=.019
qS=.040
qS=.125
qS=.031
qbTh=.030
qbTh=.022
qbTh=.025
qS=.0534
qC= .0428
qbTh=.0228

REF.
NO. POPULATION
IVORY COAST
571 Agni(blood donors)
(males)
527 Agni
527 Baoule
527 Bete
411 Baule
2032 Baule
423 Baule
411 Baule
2032 Baule
Baule(total)
Baule(total)
403 Baoule
571 Baoule(blood donors)
(males)
423 Bete-Baoule
1542 Agni and Baule
1458 Agni and Baule
Agni and Baule(total)
1458 Agni and Baule
PLACE
Paris
Paris
Paris
Paris
Paris
276
NUMBER
TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS
42 Gd
651 HbTh
1071 HbTh
651 HbTh
204
38
241 HbTh
266
127
30
181
Hb
Hb
Hb
Th
Th
Th
30141 HbTh
1541 Gd
141 HbTh
141 Hb
351 Hb
49
34
Hb
Th
AK=4(0.22)
gdef(part)=6(14.2), gdef(tot)=2(4.7)
AS=6(9.2), AC=4(6.1), A2=2(3.0)
AS=17(15.9), AC=6(5.5), A2=5(4.G)
AS=2 (3. 1), A2= 1( 1 .5)
S=1, AS=10, AC=3, C=1
AS=7, AC=1
A2=0/F=O, AC=1
S=1(0.4), AS=17(6.4), AC=5(1.9), C=1(0.4)
A2=5/F=3
A2=0/F=1
A2=5/F=4/A2F=0(5.0)
AS=258(8.56), S=4(0.13), SC=8(0.26)
AC=102(3.38), C=4(0.13), CTh=7(0.23)
STh=16(0.53), A2=93/F=11/A2F=4(3.58)
gdef(part)=20(12.9), gdef(tot)=9(5.8)
A2=1(7.1l, A=14
sickle=3
AS=3, AC=1(2.9)
sickle=6(12.2)
F=O
GENE
FREQUENCIES
qK=.0011
qdef=.189
qS=.046
qC=.031
qbTtl=.015
qS=.079
qC=.028
qbTh=.023
qS=.015
qbTh=.008
qS=.029
qC= .012
qS=.092
qC=.013
qC=.021
qS=.036
qC=.013
qbTh=.031
qbTh= .017
qbTh=.025
qS=.0481
qC=.0207
qbTh=.0217
qdef=.187
qbTh=.036
qS=. 107
qS=.043
qC=.014
qS=.061

REF.
NO. POPULATION
IVORY COAST
403 Ashanti
403 Akan(total)
410 Akan tribes
411 Oyula
423 Dyula
411 Oyul a
PLACE
277
NUMBER
TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS
B71 HbTh 1 AS=22(25.58), S=1{1.15), AC=10(11.49)
A2=1{1.14)
94061 HbTh I AS=738(1.85), 5=17(0.18), SC=26(0.2B)
AC=392(4.11), C=11(O.12), CTh=15(0.16)
STh=37(0.39), A2=369/F=75/A2F=21(4.94)
AK=16(0.17), K=1(0.01)
148211 HbTh I AS=1326(8.9), AC=682(4.6), SC=44(0.3),
CC=59(0.4), bTh=732(4.9), CbTh=30(0.2)
SbTh=111(0.8), SS=9(0.1), AGPh1la=6(0.04)
AK=50(0.3)
1061 Hb I 5=2, AS=6, AC=B, C=1, ALepore=1
HbTh I A2=0/F=O, AC=1
Oyula(total) 107 Hb 5=2(1.9), A5=6(5.6). AC=9(8.4), C=1(0.9)
Dyula(total)
511 01oula(blood donors)
(males)
61
68
31
Th I A2=3/F=4
Th I A2=3/F=4/A2F=0(10.3)
Gd I gdef(part)=4(12.5), gdef(tot)=1(3.1)
405 Mand1ngo 9801 HbTh I A2=16/F=4/A2F=2(2.2), S=1(0.1),
AS=124(12.6), SC=14(1.4), AC=14(1.6),
C=1(0.1)
423 Senufo
411 Senufo
Senufo(total)
411 Senufo
412 Ivorians(pregnant)
405 Voltaic tribes
410 Voltaic tribes
14
15
11
HbTh IA2=0/F=O, AC=1
Hb A=14
Hb I AC=1(6.7)
Th I A2=0/F=0
27141 Hb 1 AK=1
11941 HbTh I A2=27/F=9/A2F=0(3.0), 5=9(0.8), AS=72(6.0).
SC=17(1.4), AC=164(13.7), C=20(1.7)
71051 HbTh I AS=591(8.4), AC=1068(15.0), SC=121(1.1),
CC=64(0.9), bTh=163(2.3), CbTh=50(0.1),
SbTh=30(0.4),
GENE
FREQUENCIES
qS=.1379
qC=.0575
qbTh=.0057
qS=.0443
qC=.0242
qbTh= .0275
qk= .0010
qS=.051
qC= .029
qbTh=.029
q5=.047
qC=.047
qLepore=.005
qC=.500
qS=.047
qC=.051
qbTh=.052
qbTh=.051
qdef=.156
qbTh=.011
qS=.078
qC=.052
qC=.500
qA= 1.00
qC=.033
qK=.0004
qbTh=.015
qS=.045
qC=.092
q5=.053
qC= .096
qbTh= .017

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTEO SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
IVORY COAST
410 Lobi 12391 HbTh IA5-62(5.0). AC-21S(17.6), SC='4(0.3).
CC=,14(1.1). bTh=,30(2.4). CbTh=' 1(0. 1 ) . Lo" qC='.101
AK='2(0.2) qbTh=.013
405 Ivorians(cord blood) 20001 Th 1 Barts=8(0.4) qaTh=.002
1458 Mandingo and Dyula 30 Hb AS=2(6.7) qS=.033
1458 Mandingo and Dyula 12 Th F=O
215 Ivory Coast Tribes Abidjan 177 Hb S=6(3.4). AS=19(10.7). AC=4(2.3). I qS=.088
Avariant=4 qC=.011
qvar=.011
215 Upper Volta Tribes Abidjan 35 1 Hb I AS=5(14.2). AC=4(11.4). A?=1 I qS=.071
qC=.057
qA?= .014
410 Mande Fu tribes 18551 HbTh I AS=64(3.5). AC=23(1.2). bTh=61(3.3). qS=.022
SbTh=9(0.5). 5S=4(0.2) qC= .006
qbTh=.017
410 Mandingo 28961 HbTh 1 AS=418(14.4). AC=218(7.5). SC=21(0.7>. qS=.081
CC=10(0.3). bTh=10(0.3). CbTh=9(0.3). qC=.046
SbTh= 17(0. 6). SS=6(0.2) qbTh=.006
1167 Ivorians(patients) Abidjan 476 Hb AS=77(16.2). SS/SC/SAF=67(14.1)
571 Ivorians(females) 212 Gd gdef(part)=38(17.92). gdef(tot)=32(15.09)
(patients)
571 Ivorians(males) 278 Gd gdef(part)=42(15.11). gdef(tot)=59(21.22) I qdef=.363
(patients)
571 Ivorians(pregnant) 219 Gd gdef(part)=14(6.3). gdef(tot)=7(3.2)
571 Ivorians(pregnant) Abidjan 99 Gd gdef(part)=26(26.0). gdef(tot)=18(18.0)
571 Ivorians(males) Abidjan 83 Gd Gd-=15( 18.2). GdA=19(22.8). GdB=49(59.0) I qdef=.182
(patients) qGdA=.228
571 Ivorians(females) Abidjan 55 Gd GdA=5(9.1). GdB=31(56.3). GdAB=10(18.2).
(patients) Gd-=9(16.4)
571 Ivorians(pregnant) Abidjan 125 Gd GdA=19(15.2). GdB=78(62.4). GdAB=12(9.6).
Gd-=16(12.8)
MALI
604 Bambara Dakar 97 Hb AS=5. AC=2 I qS=.026
qC= .010
278

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
I
MALI
1157 Bambara(lepers) 235 Hb AS=29, SC=2, AC=21 qS=.066
qC=.049
1157 Bambara(with TB) 245 Hb AS=22, SC=2, AC=20 qS=.049
qC=.045
1157 Bambara 238 Hb AS=26, SC=1, AC=22 qS=.057
qC=.048
279
Bambara(total) 8541 Hb 1 AS=91(10.6), SC=5(0.6), AC=66(7.7), qS=.056
C=l(O. 1), CO =l( O. 1 ) qC=.043
qO=.0005
2032 Bambara Paris 391 Hb I AS=9, AC=1, C=1, CD=1 qs> . 115
qC=.051
qO=.013
2032 Bambara Paris 35 Th A2=0/F=1/A2F=0(2.9) qbTh=.014
606 Bambara(males) Dakar 94 Gd gdef=4(4.3) qdef=.043
606 Bambara(cord blood) Dakar 3 Gd gdef=O
527 Bambara Paris 1341 HbTh I AS=23(17.2), AC=10(7.5), A2=0 IqS=.086
qC=.037
638 Sarakole & Bambara Bamako ? 1 Hb I AS=(12.8)
527 Mal inke Paris 1581 HbTh I AS=19(12.0), AC=14(8.9), A2=1(0.6) I qS=.060
qC=.044
qbTh=.003
527 Sarakole Paris 631 HbTh I AS=7(11.1), AC=3(4.8), A2=0 qS=.056
qC=.024
642 Miniankas Koutiala 991 Hb I AS=4(4.0), AC=13(13.1), C=l(1.0) qS=.020
qC=.076
642 Fulani(Peul) Yanfolila 521 Hb I S=2(3.8), AS=7(13.5), AC=5(9.6) qS=.106
qC=.048
1044 Mal ians 561 Hb I AS=5(8.9), AC=1(1.8) qS=.045
qC= .009
1045 Malians(males) Mali 721 Gd I GdB=38(52.78), GdA=15(20.83) qGdA-=.125
GdA-=9(12.50), GdMali=9(12.50) qGdA=.208
GdMadrona=1(1.39)
640 Malians(males) Bamako 692 Gd gdef =11l( 16 .0) I qdef=. 160
640 Mal ians(males) Bamako 163 Gd GdA=49, GdB=97, GdA-=2, GdB-=l

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
I I I
UPPER VOLTA
411 Mossi 48 Th A2=1/F=3 qbTh=.042
281
Mossi(total) 103 Th A2=3/F=9/A2F=0(11.7) qbTh=.053
527 Mossi Paris 183 HbTh AS=23(12.G). AC=29(15.8), A2=3(1.G) qS=.063
qC=.079
qbTh=.008
1069 Mossi Ouagadougou 340 Hb S=1(0.3), AS=30(8.8). SC=7(2.1), qS=.057
AC=70(20.6), C=1(0.3) qc> . 116
641 Mossi Boromo-kaya 59 Hb AS=7(i1.9), AC=3(5.1), C=i(1.7) qS=.059
qC=.042
1537 Mossi Yako-Koudougou 100 Hb sickle=13(i3.0) qS=.OG5
1458 Mossi 71 Hb AS=G(8.5), AC=9(12.7), C=2(2.8) qS=.042
qC=.092
1458 Mossi 561 Th I F=O
1458 Other Tribes 711 Hb I S=1(1.4), AS=7(9.9), AC=10(14.1) I qS=.063
qC=.070
1458 Other Tribes 48 Th F=1(2.1) qbTh=.010
411 Gurunsi 15 Hb A=15 qA= 1.00
423 Gurunsi 1 Hb A=1 qA= 1.00
411 Gurunsi 11 Th A2=O/F=0
1069 Gurunsi Ouagadougou 48 Hb AS= 1(2.1). AC=11( 22.9), C= 1(2. 1 ) qS= .010
qC=.135
642 Gurunsi Nabou 91 Hb AS=5(5.5), AC=11(12.1), C=1(1.1) qS= .027
qC=.071
642 Markas near Dedougou 1491 Hb 1 S=1(0.7), AS=5(3.3), SC=2(1.3), AC=15( 10.1) qS=.030
C=2(1.3) qC=.070
642 Bobo Koumbia and Hounde 3941 Hb I AS=26(6.6). SC=1(0.3). AC=53(13.4). qS=.034
C=4( i .0) qC= .079
952 Kurumba Roanga 1501 HbGd 1 gdef=15(10.0), AS=7(4.7), SC=1(0.7) qS=.027
AC=30(20.0), C=1(0.7) qC=. 1 iO
641 Bobo Wule Boromo 171 Hb 1 AS=5(29.4). AC=1(5.9) qS=.147
qC=.029
641 Djonkas Kango 81 Hb I AS=1, SC=l qS=.062
qC=.031

REF.
NO. POPULATION PLACE
NUMBER
TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS
GENE
FREQUENCIES.
UPPER VOLTA
1069 Bisa Ouagadougou 3f Hb AS=2(6.1). SC=1(3.0), AC=9(27.3), C=1(3.0) I qS=.045
qC=.182
1069 Fulani(Peul) Ouagadougou 121 Hb I AS=3 qS=.125
1069 Sarnogo Ouagadougou 18 Hb AS=1(5.6) qS=.028
1069 Bobo Ouagadougou 11 Hb AC=1 qC=.045
1069 Oafi Ouagadougou 7 Hb AC=2, C=1 qC=.286
1069 Lobi Ouagadougou 6 Hb AC=1 qC=.083
1069 Other tribes Ouagadougou 19 Hb AS=2. AC=5 qS=.053
qC=.132
642 Other tribes Bobo-Oioulasso 571 Hb l AS=3(5.3), AC=9(15.8) qS=.026
qC=.079
1069 Gurrna Ouagadougou 11I Hb I S=2, AS=5, AC=1 qS=.409
qC=.045
642 Gurrna Fada N'Gourrna 1731 Hb I AS=13(7.5). SC=1(0.6), AC=40(23.1), qS=.041
C=8(4.6) qC=.165
1779 Senufo N'Gorlani 1131 Hb 1 S=1( 0 . 9 ). AS= 11 ( 9 . 7) , SC=2(1.8) qS=.066
AC=22(19.5), C=5(4.4) qC=.150
1779 Senufo Si110rla 881 Hb I AS=4(4.5). AC=13(14.8), C=1(1.1) qS=.023
qC= .085
1779 Senufo Sana 61 Hb I A=6 qA=1.00
1779 Senufo Banakoro 871 Hb I AS=6(6.9), AC=17(19.5) qS=.035
qC= .098
1779 Senufo Karna 2001 Hb I AS=17(a.5). SC=1(0.5), AC=29(14.5) I qS=.045
C=3(1.5), AK=2(1.0) qC= .090
qK=.005
1779 Senufo Sarakad1ala 961 Hb I S=1(1.0), AS=21(21.9), SC=5(5.2) qS=.146
AC=30(31.3), C=4(4.2), AK=3(3.1) qC=.224
qK=.016
1779 Senufo Foloni 381 Hb I AS=2(5.3), AC=3(7.9), C=2(5.3). AK=1(2.6) qS=.026
qC=.092
qK= .013
1779 Senufo Oueleni 10al Hb I AS=5(4.6), SC=4(3.7). AC=7(6.5), C=2(1.a) IqS=.046
AK=4(3.7) qC=.069
qK=.019
282

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
UPPER VOLTA
527 Senufo Paris 44 HbTh AS'=4(9.1), AC,=5(11.4), A2=0 qS=.045
qC=.057
1779 Tusyan(Tousslan) Kourignon 2771 Hb I AS'=18(6.5), AC=52(18.8), C=5(1.8), AG=3 qS=.032
AK'=2(0.7) qC= . 112
qG=.005
qK= .004
1779 Tusyan(Toussian) Banzon 100 Hb AS'=10(10.0), AC'=15(15.0) qS=.050
qC=.075
1779 Vigye(Vlgue) Karankasso 350 Hb AS'=25(7.1), SC=6(1.7), AC=50(14.3) qS=.044
C=5(1.4), AK=5(1.4) qC=.094
qK=.007
1779 Bobo Fing Longofourso 1351 Hb I S=2(1.5), AS=12(8.9), AC=18(13.3), C=2(1.5) qS=.059
qC=.081
1779 Bobo Flng Sagassamasslo 2001 Hb I S=1(0.5), AS=6(3.0), SC= 1(0. 5), AC=21(10.5) qS= .022
C=1(0.5) qC= .060
1779 Bobo Fing Leguema 991 Hb 1 AS'=2(2.0). AC=26(26.3) qS= .010
qC=.131
1779 Bobo Fing Ouolonkoto 1191 Hb 1 S=1(0.8), AS=3(2.5), AC=18(15.1), C'=3(2.5) qS=.021
qC=.101
1779 Bobo Flng Padema 161 Hb AC'=31(19.2), C=1(0.6) qC= . 102
1779 Bobo Nienige Kouimbia 173 Hb S=2(1.2), A5=9(5.2), AC=23(13.3), C'=3(1.7) q5=.038
(Nlenlegue) AK=2(1.2) qC= .084
qK= .006
1779 Bobo Nienlge Ouakuy 247 Hb I A5 =3 ( 1 . 2 ) , SC'=1(0:4). AC=32(18.0), C=5(2.0) qS=.008
(Nieniegue) 1 AK'=1(0.4) qC=.087
qK= .002
1779 Bobo Nienlge Doumin and Duho 42 Hb I AS'=2(4.8), AC=9(21.4), AK=1(2.4) qS=.023
(Nieniegue) 1
qC=.107
qK=.012
1779 Bobo Nienige Tiere 200 Hb S=2(1.0), AS=11(5.5), AC=25(12.5), C=5(2.5) qS=.038
(Nieniegue) AK'=5(2.5) qC= .088
qK'=.012
1779 Bobo Dyula(Dioula) Satri 156 Hb 5=1(0.6), AS=12(7.7), AC=30(19.2), C'=1(0.6) qS=.045
qC=.102
1779 Bobo Dyula(Dioula) Pandamasso 374 Hb S=2(0.5), AS=13(3.5), 5C=2(0.5) qS=.025
AC'=97(25.9), C=2(0.5) qC=.138
283

REF.
NO. POPULATION PLACE
UPPER VOLTA
284
NUMBER
TESTEO SYSTEM RESULTS
GENE
FREQUENCIES
1779 Sambla Dyula(Dioula) Dfefourma 98 Hb AS=8(8.2), AC=26(26.5), C=1(i.0), AK=1(1.0) qS=.041
qC=.143
qK=.005
1657 Bobo Fing Sinorosso 96 Hb sickle=i5(15.6) qS=.078
1657 Bobo Fing Borodougou
1537 Samoro(Samogo) Tougan
1537 Gurma(Gourma) Fada N'Gourma
1537 Songhai(Sonrai) Tiegre
1537 Fulani(Peul) Tigre
1683 Mossi, Songhraf,
Rimaibe, & Bellah
1140 Songhrai & Mallebe
1140 Rimaibe
1140 Bellah
1140 Mossf, Songhrai.
Mallebe, Rimaibe
& Bellah(with AS/AC)
1140 Mossi, Songhraf.
Mallebe, Rlmalbe,
s Bellah
GHANA
Savanna & Sahel Regions
Oursi, Sahel Region
Boulel. Sahel Region
Timpolo-Gargassa,
Sahel Region
Donse. Oursl, Boulel.
Tlmpolo-Gargassa
121
115
30
100
i52
1059
397
122
i33
Hb
Hb
Hb
Hb
Hb
Gd
Hb
Hb
Hb
sickle=41(33.8)
sickle=8(7.0)
slckle=3(10.0)
slckle=11( 11.0)
sickle=22(14.5)
gdef=106( 10.0)
AS=86(21.7). AC=41(10.3), C=3(0.8)
S=1(0.3), SC=1(0.3)
AS=15(12.3), AC=i2(9.8), C=1(0.8)
SC=1(0. 8)
AS=21(15.8), SC=1(0.8)
qS= . 169
qS=.035
qS=.050
qS=.055
qS= .072
qS=.112
qC= .060
qS=.066
qC=.061
qS=.083
qC= .004
237 Th aTh=52(21.9) qaI n> . 110
Savanna & Sahel Regions 1059 Hb 82=9(0.8) q82=.004
1686 Tallensi Navrongo 111 HbTh A2=0/F=0, AS=l, AC=3, 82=0, Fast A2=0 qS=.045
qC=.136
1686 Tallensl(males)
1686 Frafra
Navrongo
Navrongo
101 Gd
351 HbTh
gdef=2(20.0)
A2=0/F=0/A2F=1(2.9), AS=3(8.6), SC=1(2.9).
AC=4(11.4), 82=3(8.6). Fast A2=2(5.7)
qdef=.200
qbTh=.014
qS=.057
qC=.071
q82=.042
qFastA2=.029
1686 Frafra(males) Navrongo 341 Gd gdef=8(23.5) qdef=.235

REF. NUM8ER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
GHANA
510 Frafra Yorugu 680 Hb sickle=66(9.7) I qS=.048
1686 Nankani Navrongo 58 HbTh A2=0/F=0/A2F=1(1.7). AS=5(8.6). I qbTh=.009
AC=12(20.7). C=2(3.4). 82=3(5.2), qS=.043
Fast A2= 1( 1. 7) qC=.137
q82=.026
qFastA2=.009
1686 Nankani(males) Navrongo 44 Gd gdef=2(4.5) I qdef=.045
1686 Kassena Navrongo 36 HbTh A2=1/F=0/A2F=3(11.1). AS=1(2.8), I qbTh=.056
AC=6(16.7), C=2(5.6), 82=0, Fast A2=2(5.6) qS= .014
qC=.139
qFastA2=.028
1686 Kassena(males) Navrongo
331
Gd 1 gdef=2(6.1) qdef=.061
654 Dagomba Yendi Distr1ct 1046 Hb AS=89(8.5), SC=14(1.3). AC=190(18.2) qS=.049
C=21(2.0), AK=3(0.3) qC=.118
qK=.001
656 Dagomba 711 Hb I AS=3(4.2), AC=19(26.8), C=1(1.4) qS=.02i
qC=.134
656 Dagari(Dagarti) 971 Hb I AS=9(9.3). SC=2(2.1). AC=14(14.4) qS=.057
qC=.082
656 Mossi(Moshie) 1151 Hb I AS=5(4.3), AC=24(20.9), C=1(0.9) qS=.022
qC=.109
67 Zerma(Zabrama) 631 Hb I AS=13(20.6), SC=1(1.6), AC=6(9.5) qS= . 111
qC=.056
67 Other Tribes Northern Territories 2761 Hb 1 AS=38(13.8). SC=1(0.4). AC=43(15.6) qS=.071
C=1(0.4) qC=.083
2159 Northern Ghanaians 2241 HbTh I A2=4/F=9/A2F=0(5.8), AS=23(10.3). qbTh=.029
AC=39(17.4). C=4(1.8), 82=9(4.0) qS=.051
qC=.105
q82=.020
1686 Fanti Accra 141 Hb I AS= 1, AC=2 qS=.036
qC=.071
511 Fanti Kwansakrom 255 Hb sickle=57(22.4) qS=.112
1250 Fanti Marshall. Liberia 60 Hb sickle=20(33.3) I qS=.167
656 Fanti 29 Hb AS=9, AC=4 qS=.155
qC= .069
285

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION
GHANA
67 Fanti
PLACE TESTED
J-:J
SYSTEM
AS'" SC=i.
RESULTS
AC=16. C=1
FREQUENCIES
qC=.061
286
C106
Fanti(total) 1851 Hb I AS=41(22.2). SC=1(0.5). AC=20(10.8) qS=.114
C=1(0.5) qC=.062
6 Fanti (males) Southern Ghana 951 HbGd 1 GdA=24(25.26). GdA-=14(14.74) qGdA-=.1474
GdB=57(60.0). AS=13(13.68). AC=7(7.37) qS=.0737
SC= 1( 1 .05) qC=.0421
qGdA=.2526
1686 Akan Accra 821 Hb I AS=21(25.6). AC=8(9.8) qS=.128
qC= .049
1686 Ga Accra 39\ Hb \ AS=4. AC=4 qS=.051
qC=.051
72 Ga(males) 32 Gd gdef=7(21.9) qdef=.219
656 Ga 108 Hb AS=15. SC=1. AC=6. AG=1 qS=.074
qC=.032
qG=.005
67 Ga 1741 Hb I AS=34. SC=1. AC=15 1 qS=. 101
qC= .046
Ga( tota1 ) 2821 Hb 1 AS=49( 17.4). SC=2(0.7), AC=21(7.5), AG=1 I qS=.090
qC=.041
qG= .002
6 Ga(males) Southern Ghana 901· HbGd I GdA=22(24.44), GdA-=20(22.22) qGdA-=.2222
GdB=47(52.22). GdVariant=1(1.11) qS=.0944
AS=16(17.78). AC=8(8.89), SC=1(1.11) qC=.0500
qGdA=.2444
1686 Ewe Accra 361 Hb I A5=8, AC=2 qS= . 111
qC= .028
656 Ewe 461 Hb I AS=10. AC=6 qS=.109
qC=.065
67 Ewe 1671 Hb I 5=1, A5=39, AC=15. C=1 qS=.123
qC=.051
Ewe(total) 213 Hb S=1(0.5), AS=49(23.0), AC=21(9.9), C=1(0.5) qS=.120
qC=.054
6 Ewe(males) Southern Ghana 88 HbGd GdA=26(29.54), GdA-=23(26.14) qGdA-=.2614
GdB=29(44.32). AS=19(21.59). AC=8(9.09) qS=.1136
C=1(1.14), SC=1(1.14) qC=.0625
qGdA=.2954

REF.
NO. POPULATION
GHANA
2159 Southern Ghanaians
i687 Kwahu
6 Kwahu(males)
470 Akyem(Akim)(males)
6 Akim(males)
67 Ashant i
655 Ashanti
Ashanti(total)
PLACE
Mpraeso and Abetifl
Southern Ghana
Southern Ghana
287
NUMBER
TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS
4641 HbTh I A2=8/F=i8/A2F=0(5.6), S=7(1.5),
AS=67(14.4), SC=6(f.3), AC=41(B.B),
C=4(0.9), B2=16(3.4)
1631 Hb I AK=2(1.2)
701 HbGd 1 GdA=17(24.29), GdA-=13(18.57)
GdB=40(57.14), AS=12(17.14), AC=5(7.14)
SC=1(1.43)
64
581 HbGd I GdA=12(20.69), GdA-=7(12.07)
GdB=38(6.55), GdVarlant=1(1.72)
AS=8(13.79), AC=6(10.34), SC=1(1.72)
102
3
Gd I gdef=16(25.0)
Hb I S=1, AS=22, AC=9
Hb 1 AC=1
105 Hb S=1(1.0), AS=22(20.9), AC=10(9.5)
6 Ashanti(males) Southern Ghana 1511 HbGd I GdA=35(23.18), GdA-=25(16.56)
GdB=56(56.95), GdVariant=5(3.31)
AS=27( 17.88), S= 1(0.66), AC= 17( 11 .26)
Avariant=1(0.66)
67 Twi
655 Twi
Twi(total)
655 Other Tribes
6 Brong(males)
6 Akwapim(males)
Southern Ghana
Southern Ghana
104
7
111
32
Hb
Hb
Hb
Hb
AS=21, SC=1, AC=fO
AS=2, AC=1
AS=23(20.7), SC=1(0.9), AC=11(9.9)
S=1, AS=8, SC=1, AC=8, C=1
501 HbGd I GdA=12(24.0). GdA-=5(10.0). GdB=33(66.0)
AS=6(12.0). AC=6(12.0)
661 HbGd I GdA=22(33.33), GdA-=6(9.09)
GdB=37(56.06), GdVarlant=1(1.52)
AS=7(10.61), AC=B(12.12), SC=2(3.03)
GENE
FREQUENCIES
qbTh=.028
qS=.094
qC=.059
qB2=.017
qK=.006
qGdA-=.1857
qS=.0929
qC=.0429
qGdA=.2429
qdef=.250
qGdA-=.1207
qS=.0776
qC=.0603
qGdA=.2069
qS=.118
qC=.044
qC=.167
qS=.114
qC=.048
qGdA-=.1656
qS=.0960
qC=.0563
·qGdA=.2318
qS=.106
qC=.053
qS=.143
qC=.071
qS= . 108
qC=.054
qS=.172
qC=.172
qGdA-=. fOOO
qS=.0600
qC=.0600
qGdA=.2400
qGdA-=.0909
qS=.0682
qC=.0758

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
GHANA
288
qGdA=.3333
6 Buem(males) 50uthern Ghana 66 HbGd GdA=18(27.27), GdA-=7(10.61) qGdA-=. 1061
GdB=39(59.09), GdVariant=2(3.03) qS=.0682
1\5=6(9.09), 5=1(1.52), AC=1O(15.15) qC=.0833
SC= 1( 1 .52) qGdA=.2727
6 Nzima(males) Southern Ghana 601 HbGd I GdA=15(25.0), GdA-=6(10.0), GdB=29(65.0) qGdA- = . 1000
AS=12(20.0), AC=6(10.0) qS=.lOOO
qC=.0500
qGdA=.2500
6 Denkyira & Assin Southern Ghana 57\ HbGd \ GdA=15(26.32), GdA-=9(15.79) IqGdA-=. 1579
(males) GdB=33(57.89), A5=9(15.79), AC=4(7.02) qS=.0789
qC=.0351
qGdA=.2632
Ghanaians(males) Southern. Ghana 851\ HbGd \ GdA=218(25.62). GdA-=135( 15.86) qGdA-=.1586
(total) GdB=488(57.34). GdVariant=10(1.18) qS=.0864
AS=135(15.86), 5=2(0.23) , AC=85(9.99) qC=.0558
C=1(0.12), SC=8(0.94). Avariant=1(0.12) qGdA=.2562
2204 Ghanaians(blood Korle Bu 40001 HbTh I AS=654(16.35), AC=369(9.22). C=14(0.35) q5=.0830
donors)(males) SC=9(0.22), CbTh=6(0.15), SHPFH=1(0.03) qC=.0619
CHPFH=1(0.03), AKorle Bu=1(0.03) qbTh=.0008
CK=1(0.03), HPFH=1(0.03), Avariant=4(0.12) qKrIBu=.OOOl
qK=.OOOl
1199 Ghanaians(males) 1001 HbGd I gdef=14, AS=19(19.0), 5C=1(1.0), Iqdef=. 140
AC=10(10.0) qS=.100
qC=.055
1536 Ghanaians(males) 39 Gd gdef=9 qdef=.231
Ghanalans(total) 139 Gd gdef=23(16.5) qdef=.165
(males)
1535 Ghana i ans( wi th 36 1 Gd I gdef=14(38.9) I qdef=.389
typhoid fever)(males)
1407 Ghanaians(with 401 Gd I gdef=16(40.0) I qdef=.400
hepatitis)(males)
1407 Ghanaians(with 261 Gd 1 gdef=8(30,8)
hepatitis)(females)
1026 Ghanaian Children 79 Gd gdef=16(20.3) I qdef=.203
(males)
1026 Ghanaian Children 74 Gd gdef=5(6.8)
(females)

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
I I I
GHANA
510 Ghanaians Accra 1015 Hb sickle=173(17.0) qS=.085
652 Ghanaians(pregnant) Accra 413 Hb sickle=75(18.2) qS=.091
2002 Ghanaian Policemen Accra 278 Hb AS=52( 18.7), SC=4(1.4). AC=30(10.8) qS=.101
C=3( 1. 1) qC=.072
2002 Ghanaian Policemen's Accra 840 Hb 5=4(0.5), AS=123(14.6), SC=12(1.4) qS=.085
Chi ldren AC=101(12.0), C=7(0.8) qC=.076
897 Ghanaians(pregnant) Accra 1222 Hb AS=202( 16.5), SC=7(0.6) , AC=80(6.5) qS=.086
C=3(0.2) qC= .038
-
122 Ghanaians 35 Hb AS=7(20.0), AC=1(2.86) qS=.100
(naval ratings) qC=.014
947 Ghanaians 485 Hb AS=71(14.6), 5=0, AC=34(7 .0), C=2(0.4) qS=.0732
(villagers) SC=O qC=.0392
947 Ghanaians 717 Hb AS=117( 16.32), 5=0, AC=79(11.0) qS=.0823
(schoolchildren) C=1(0.14), SC= 1(0.14) qC=.0572
947 Ghanaians 1148 Hb AS=173(9.3), 5=15(1.3), AC=107(9.3) qS=.0976
(hospital cl inics) C=4(0. 3), SC=21( 1.8) qC=.0592
289
Ghanaians(total) 2350 Hb AS=361(15.4), 5=15(0.6), AC=220(9.4) qS=.0879
C=7(0.3), SC=22(0.9) qC=.054
373 Ghanaians Danfa 6131 HbTh I AS=100(16.3), 5=3(0.5), AC=68(11.1) qS=.0905
C=1(0.2), SC=3(0. 5), SbTh=2(0.3) qC=.0612
CbTh=1(0.2), CFTh=1(0.2) qbTh=.0024
1475 Ghanaians(with Accra 107 Hb AS=12(11.2), AC=12(11.2), AK=1(0.9) qS=.056
Burkitts lymphoma) qC=.056
1475 Ghanaians Accra 107 Hb AS=15(14.0), AC=14(13.1) qS=.070
qC=.065
814 Ghanaians(males) Accra 79 Gd gdef=16(20.3) qdef=.203
814 Ghanaians(males) Accra 59 Gd gdef=30(50.8) qdef=.508
(jaundiced)
814 Ghanaians(females) Accra 74
1
Gd 1 gdef=5(6.7)
814 Ghanaians(females) Accra 46 Gd gdef=11(24.4)
,( j aundiced)
TOGO
243 Ewe(males) around Mt. Agou 1571 HbGd I gdef=35(22.3), AS=8(5.1), SC= 1(0. 6), I qdef=.223
AC=13(8.3) qS=.029

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
I I I
BENIN
2032 Fon Paris 641 Th I A2=1!F=6!A2F=0(10.6) I qbTh=.055
527 Fon Paris 215 HbTh AS=47(21.9), AC=18(8.4), A2=0 qS=.109
qC=.042
527 Goun Paris 541 HbTh I AS=16(29.6), AC=6(11.1), A2=0 qS=.148
qC=.056
527 Nago-Yoruba Paris 1301 HbTh I AS=41(31.5), AC=9(6.9), A2=0 qS=.158
qC=.035
2032 Yoruba(Nago) Paris 431 Hb 1 AS=11(25.6), AC=3(7.0), C=1(2.3) qS=.128
qC=.058
2032 Yoruba(Nago) Paris 40 Th A2=0!F=2!A2F=0(5.0) qbTh=.025
825 Yoruba Cotonou 1489 Hb S=1(0.1), AS=336(22.6), SC=14(0.9), qS=.118
AC=113(7.6), C=8(0.5) qC=.048
1542 Fon, Mina, and Nago 48 Hb sickle=6(12.5) qS=.062
1458 Benin and Togo 34 Hb AS=5(14.7), AC=1(2.9) qS=.073
Tribes qC=.015
1458 Benin and Togo 7 Th F=O
Tribes
250 Somba Natilingou, Atakora 658 Hb AS=73( 11.09), S=1(0.15), AC=136(20.67) qS=.0646
District C=7( 1.06), SC= 10( 1. 52) qC=.1216
250 Bariba Kouande, Atakora District 147 Hb AS=10(6.80), AC=27(18.37) qS=.0340
qC=.0918
250 Somba Perma, Atakora District 1511 Hb 1 AS=14(9.27), AC=29(19.20), C=2(1.32) qS=.0497
SC=HO.66) qC=.1093
250 Somba Toucountna, Atakora 145 Hb AS=5(3.45), AC=35(24.14), C=4(2.76) qS=.0241
District SC=2(1.38) qC=.1552
250 Somba Tanguieta, Atakora 214 Hb AS=33( 15.42), AC=48(22.43), C=4(1.87) qS=.0841
District SC=3(1.40) qC=.1378
250 Somba Sou Koumbe, Atakora 213 Hb AS=16(7.51), AC=55(25.82), C=2(0.94) qS=.0422
District SC=2(0.94) qC=.1432
250 Immigrants from Atakora District 55 Hb AS=5(9.09), AC=15(27.27), SC= 1( 1 .82) qS=.0545
Borgou District qC=. 1454
250 Immigrants from Atakora Distrlct 170 Hb AS=31(18.24), S=1(0.59), AC=13(7.65) qS=.1000
Zou District SC=HO.59) qC=.0412
291

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
I
BENIN
250 Immigrants from Atakora District 45 Hb AS=8(17.78), AC=5(11.11), C=1(2.22) qS=.1000
Mono District SC=1(2.22) qC=.0889
250 Immigrants from Atakora District 83 Hb AS=20( 24. 10) , 5=1(1.20), AC=12(14.46) qS=.1325
Atlantique District AC=12(14.46) qC=.0723
250 Immigrants from Atakora District 67 Hb AS=2i(31.34), AC=7(10.45), SC=1( 1.49) qS=.1641
Oueme District qC=.0597
1931 Tofinu So-awa Village 1021 Hb I AS=t9(18.63), AC=8(7.84), C=1(0.98) qS=.0980
SC= 1(0.98) qC=.0539
554 Beninans(newborn) 4691 Hb I AS=68(14.50), 5=8(1.71), AC=29(6.18) qS=.0981
SC=8(1.71) qC=.0394
554 Beninans(infants. 329 Hb AS=50(15.20), 5=4(1.22), AC=17(5.17) qS=.0957
9-11mos) SC=5(1.52) qC=.0334
554 Beninans(children, 103 Hb AS=14(13.59). AC=5(4.85), SC=2(1.94) qS=.0777

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
I I I
NIGER
2032 Djerma(Songhai) Paris 29 Th A2=0/F=0
411 Hausa 4 Hb A=4 qA= 1.00
2032 Hausa Paris 34 Hb AS=8 qS=.118
422 Hausa 20 HbTh A2=1/F=O, AS=5, AC=1 qbTh=.025
qS=.125
qC=.025
2032 Hausa Paris
293
321 Th I A2=0/F=0
527 Hausa Paris 1091 HbTh I AS=25(22.9), AC=1(0.9). A2=0 qS=.115
qC=.005
527 Songhai Paris 321 HbTh I AS=3(9.4), AC=5(15.6), A2=0 qS=.047
qC=.078
527 Djerma Paris 731 HbTh I AS=16(21.9), AC=6(8.2), A2=2(2.7) qS=.110
qC=.041
qbTh=.014
422 Mande tribes Niamey 43 Hb AS=7(16.3), AC=7(16.3) qS=.081
qC=.081
422 Fulani (Peul) Niamey 18 HbTh A2= 1, AS=1. AC=1 qbTh=.028
qS=.028
qC=.028
422 Other tribes Niamey 281 HbTh I A2=1. AS=6. AC=1 I· qbTh= .018
qS= .107
qC=,018
422 Africans Niamey suburb 3171 HbTh I A2=10/F=27/A2F=0(11.7). S=1(0.3), qbTh=.058
AS=66(20.8). SC=2(0.6). AC=14(4.4), qS=.110
C=1(0.3) qC= .028
154 Tuareg Agades 93 Hb sickle=5(5.4) qS=.027
1541 Kanembu N'Guigmi 76 Hb sickle=17(22.4) qS=. 112
1541 Manga(Mangawa) Maine and Soroa 58 Hb sickle=12(20.7) qS=.103
1541 Sugurti Tiokoudjani 37 Hb sickle=6(16.2) qS=.081
1541 Mober Tiokoudjani 273 Hb sickle=49(17.9) qS=.090
NIGERIA
2059 Nigerians & Togolese 5000 Gd Gdvariant=15(0.3)
I

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
NIGERIA
777 Yoruba Ilorin 1591 Hb I AS=39(24.5), AC=13(8.2) qS=.123
qC= .041
30 Yoruba I lora 4011 HbGd I AS=85(23.0). S=1(0.4), AC=24(6.5) qS=.118
SC=8(2.2) qC= .040
30 Yoruba(males) I lora 197 Gd gdef=40(20.3) qdef=.203
30 Yoruba(females) Ilora 172 Gd gdef=5(2.9)
777 Yoruba Ilesha 103 Hb AS=29(28.2), AC=3(2.9) qS= . 141
qC= .015
1510 Yoruba(males) Lagos 45
1510 Yoruba(fernales) Lagos 18 1 Gd GdA=6(33.33), GdA-=1(5.56), GdAB=1(5.56)
GdB=1O( 55.56)
294
Gd 1 GdA=12(26.67). GdA-=7(15.56), GdB=26(57.78) qGdA-=.1555
12 Nigerians(normal) Lagos 30021 Hb I AS=783(26.08), S=4(0. 13). AC=173(5.76) I qS=.134
C=11(0.36), SC=14(0.47) qC=.035
Avariant=10(0.33)
12 Nfgerians(with Lagos 102 Hb AS=28(27.4), AC=2(2.0) qS=.137
asthma)
qC= .010
1042 Yoruba Ibadan 659 Hb S=4(0.6). AS=169(25.6). SC=3(0.4), qS=.137
AC=18(2.7), AK=1(0.2) qC=.016
qK=.0008
1689 Yoruba I lora 4611 Hb I AS=113(24.5). SC=4(0.9), AC=34(7.4) qS=.127
qC=.041
1689 Yoruba Imesi 2671 Hb I S=4 ( 1 . 5 ) , AS=50(18.7). SC=1(0.4), AC=8(3.0) qS=.110
qC=.017
1689 Yoruba Ilesha 1781 Hb I S=1(0.6), AS=44(24.7). AC=5(2.8) qS=.129
qC=.014
365 Yoruba(pregnant) Ilesha 306 Hb sfckle=30(9.8) qS=.049
817 Yoruba(males) Akufo 179 Gd gdef=32(17.9) qdef=.179
817 Yoruba(females) Akufo 183 Gd gdef=20(10.9)
817 Yoruba Akufo 894 Hb S=4(0.4), AS=214(23.9), SC=11(1.2) qS=.130
AC=63(7.0), C=1(0.1) qC=.042
2146 Yoruba Ilobi 9401 Hb I S=3(0.3). AS=224(23.8), SC=9(1.0) qS=.127
AC=58(6.2) qC=.036
1397 Yoruba Igbi le 48 1 Hb I AS=10(20.8), AC=1(2.1) qS=.104
qC= .010

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
NIGERIA
1398 Yoruba Isheri 129 Hb AS=25( 19.4), SC=1(0.8), AC=3(2.3) qS=.101
qC=.016
2145 Yoruba Agege 827
1
295
Hb I sickle=231(27.9)
qS=.140
819 Yoruba(males) Ibadan 65 Gd gdef=11(17.0) qdef=.170
653 Yoruba Ibadan 123871 Hb I S=29(0.2), AS=2923(23.6), SC=69(0.6) qS=.099
AC=595(4.8), C=30(0.2). SG=1 qC=.029
346 Yoruba children Ibadan 50 Th A2=0
776 Yoruba children Ibadan 305 Hb AS=76(24.9), SC=1(0.3), AC=19(6.2), S?=1 IqS=.130
qC=.033
818 Yoruba 691/ Gd / gdef=132(19.1)
67 Yoruba 1041 Hb I AS=25(24.0), AC=6(5.8) qS=.120
qC=.029
344 Yoruba 76
Th IB2=3(3.9) qB2=.020
1619 Yoruba(males) 141 1 Gd GdA-=31(22.0), GdA=31(22.0), GdB=79(56.0) qGdA-=.220
qGdA=.220
1619 Yoruba(males) 1411 Hb I AS=58(41.1), SC=1(0.7), AC=6(4.2), qS=.209
82=4(2.8) qC=.025
qB2".014
1266 Nigerians(mostly Ibadan 14511 Gd 1 gdef=314(21.6) 1 qdef=.216
Yoruba) (rna Ies)
1500 Nigerians(with loa Ibadan 257 Hb AS=70(27.2), AC=20(7.8) qS=.136
loa) qC=.039
731 Nigerians(mostly Ibadan 3002 HbTh A2=23!F=4!A2F=0(0.9), S=4(0.1), qbTh=.004
Yoruba) AS=783(26.1), SC=14(0.5), AC=173(5.8) qS".134
C=11(0.4) qC=.035
732 Nigerians(cord blood) Ibadan 1866 Th Barts=95(5.1) qaTh=.025
241 Nigerians(children) Abeokuta 655 Hb AS=152(23.2) qS=.116
241 Nigerians(children) Abeokuta 353 Gd GdA-=74(21.0). GdA=73(20.7) qGdA-=.210
(males) qGdA=.207
241 Nigerians(children) Abeokuta 302 Gd GdA-A-=13(4.3), GdA-A=41(13.6) qGdA-=.228
(females) GdA-B=71(23.5), GdAA=33(10.9) qGdA=.225
GdAB=29(9.6), GdBB=115(38.1)
1513 Nigerians(males) Ibadan 32 Gd GdA-=27(84.4)
(viral hepatitis)

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
I I I
NIGERIA
2154 Nigerian sickle cell 96181 HbTh I F=4,- S=3 I qbTh=.0002
trait carriers
907 Nigerians 69 Th OsmRes=8(11.6)
908 Nigerian(newborn) 140 Th Barts=15(10.7) I qaTh=.054
1914 Nigerian child Lagos 500 Hb sickle=24(4.8) qS=.024
postmortems
710 Syrians 188 Hb sickle=O
710 British Soldiers 568 Hb sickle=O
953 Eastern Nigerian 138 Hb sickle=27(19.6) I qS=.098
Soldiers
777 Nupe Bida 1531 Hb I S=1(0.6), AS=46(30.1), AC=3(2.0), AD=2 I qS=. 157
qC= .010
qD= .006
2051 Nigerians(with Zaria
pneumonia)
297
1041 Gd I gdef=18(17.3)
1042 Ibo 19 Hb AS=7 qS=.184
777 Ibo 56 Hb AS=12 qS= .107
67 Ibo 51 Hb AS=ll, AC=3 qS=. 108
qC=.029
1181 Ibo 2571 Hb I AS=64, AC=2, AG=1 I qS=. 124
qC=.004
qG=.002
653 Ibo 4891 Hb I AS=119, AC=1 I qS=.122
qC=.001
Ibo(total) 8721 Hb I AS=213(24.4), AC=6(0.7), AG=1 I qS=.122
qC=.003
qG=.0006
653 Ibo(lepers) Uzuakol i 138 Hb AS=30( 21 .7) qS=.109
653 Ibo Enugu 305 Hb AS=63(20.7) qS= . 103
819 Ibo(lepers)(males) Uzuakol i 139 Gd gdef"9(6.5) qdef".065
818 Ibo 290 Gd gdef"59(20.3)
2009 Ibo(males) London, England 33 Gd gdef"5(15.2) I qdef=. 152
I

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
I 1 I
NIGERIA
1692 Kanuri Bornu Province 2941 Hb 1 AS=82(27.9). AC=2(0.7) 1 qS=. 139
qC=.003
1692 Bede(Bedduwai) Bornu Province 92 Hb AS=30(32.6) qS=.163
72 Hausa(males) Northern Nigeria 136 Gd gdef=28(20.6) qdef=.206
10 Hausa Northern Nigeria 200 Hb sickle=35 qS=.088
67 Hausa Northern Nigeria 92 Hb AS=i8. AC=4 qS=.098
qC=.022
653 Hausa Northern Nigeria 216 Hb AS=45 qS=.104
Hausa(total) Northern Nigeria 508 Hb sickle=98(i9.3) qS=.096
953 Northern Nigerian 418 Hb sickle=58(13.9) qS=.069
Soldiers
953 Western Nigerian 283 1 Hb I sickle=56(19.8) I gS=.099
Soldiers
653 Beni 3211 Hb I AS=74(23.0). AC=2(0.7) I qS=.115
qC=.003
851 Nigerians Mabuta. Northern Nigeria 360 Hb AS=62(17.2) qS=.086
290 Nigerians(students) Malumfashi 288 Hb AS=68(23.9) qS=.118
725 Hausa(pregnant) Zaria 228 HbOv AS=59(25.9). AC=2(0.9), OV=7(3.1) qS=.129
qC=.004
2148 Nigerians(asthma Zaria 36 Hb AS=3(B.3). AC=1(2.B) qS=.042
patients) qC= .014
137 Nigerians(children) Enugu 50 HbGd AS=2(4.0). gdef=6(12.0) qS=.0200
(anemic)
1521 Hausa Rugoji. near Malum Fashi 491
town, Northern Nigeria
299
Hb I AS=10(20.4) I qS=. 1020
1521 Maguzawa Rugoji, near Malum Fashi 501 Hb I AS=13(26.0) I qS=. 1300
town, Northern Nigeria
1521 Fulani(males) Rugoji, near Malum Fashi 731 Hb I AS=16(21.9). AC=3(4.1) I qS=. 1096
town, Northern Nigeria
727 Hausa and FUlani Garki district 27421 Hb I AS=793(2B.92). S=4(0.15), AC=19(0.69) qS=.1462
SC= 1(0.04) qC=.0036
1733 Yoruba(pregnant) Kaduna Cl inic 461 Hb I AS=13(2B.26), AC=2(4.35) qS=.1413
qC=.0217

REF. NUMBER' GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
CAMEROON
2032 Bamun Paris 22 Th A2=0/F=3/A2F=0(13.6) qbTh=.068
527 Bamun Paris 391 HbTh I AS=13, A2=-0 qS= .167
798 Bamun Foumban District 3811 Hb 1 S=1(0.3), AS=86(22.6) qS=.115
2032 Bamileke Paris 1041 Hb 1 AS=11(10.6), AC=1(1.0) qS=.053
qC=.OO5
2032 Bamileke Paris 991 Th I A2=0/F=2/A2F=0(2.0) qbTh= .010
527 Bami leke Paris 3301 HbTh 1 AS=38(11.5), AC=1(0.3), A2=0 qS=.058
qC=.002
185 Bamileke 5431 Hb I sickle=45(8.3) qS=.041
798 Bami 1eke Foumban District 1021 Hb 1 AS=18(17.7) qS=.088
798 Other tribes Foumban District 171 Hb I AS=1 qS=.029
2032 Bassa Paris 531 Hb 1 5=1(1.9), AS=15(28.3) qS=.160
2032 Bassa Paris 511 Th 1 A2=0/F=1/A2F=0(2.0) qbTh=.OlO
527 Bassa Paris 1491 HbTh I AS=36(24.2), A2=1(0.7) qS=.121
qbTh=.003
2032 Ewondo Paris 391 Th 1 A2=0/F=3/A2F=0(7.7) qbTh=.038
2032 Ewondo Paris 431 Hb I AS=13(30.2) qS=.151
2032 Bulu Paris 451 Hb I AS=10(22.2) qS= . 111
2032 Bulu Paris 401 Th I A2=0/F=2/A2F=0(5.0) qbTh=.025
527 Bulu Paris 771 HbTh 1 AS=26(33.8), A2=0 qS=.169
527 Baya Paris 561 HbTh 1 AS=11(19.6), A2=0 qS=.098
527 Douala Paris 83 HbTh AS=18(21.7). AC=1(1.2), A2=0 qS= . 108
qC= .006
527 Eton Paris 431 HbTh I AS=15(34.9), A2=0 qS=.174
764 Fang(Eton) Yaounde 436 Hb AS=123(28.2) qS=.141
213 Eton Nachtigal 107 Hb AS=26(24.3), AD=2(1.9), HPFH=2(1.9) qS=.121
213 Eton(males) Nachtigal 47 Gd GdA=9(19.2). GdB=27(57.4), GdA-=11(23.4) qGdA-=.2340
qGdA=.192
301

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
CAMEROON
527 Ewondo Paris 781 HbTh I AS=18(23.1), A2=0 I qS=.115
764 Fang(Ewondo) Yaounde 337 Hb S=3(0.9), AS=70(20.8) qS=.113
527 Fang Paris 173 HbTh AS=47(27.2), A2=0 I qS=.136
527 Foulbe-Peulh Paris 203 HbTh AS=28(13.8), AC=9(4.4), A2=1(0.5) I qS=.069
qC=.022
qbTh=.002
798 Cameroonians Yaounde 10001 Hb I S=33(3.3), AS=167(16.7) qS=.116
685 Cameroonian Soldiers 1381 Hb I sickle=21(15.2) qS=.076
813 Southern Cameroonians 10301 Hb 1 sickle=15(1.5) qS=.007
1155 Bantu Tribes Southern Cameroons 2251 Hb I S=2(0. 9), AS=52(23.1), AC=1(0.4) qS=.124
qC= .002
1156 Bantu(Beti, Basa, 12001 Hb I sickle=219(18.3) qS=.091
Duala, Maka, Djem,
Bakundu, Fang)
1156 Bamileke, Bamun, 432 Hb sickle=51(11.8) I qS=.059
Tikar, Kaka, and Baku
1156 Babinga(pygmies) 350 Hb sickle=42(12.0) I qS=.060
1156 Fulani(Foulbe) Maroua 100 Hb sickle=4(4.0) IqS=.020
1156 Fulani(Foulbe) Bogo 100 Hb sickle=6(6.0) qS= .030
1156 Fulani(Foulbe) Mindif 100 Hb sickle=9(9.0) I qS=.045
213 Foulbe Gowar 98 Hb AS=6(6.1), AD=2(2.0), AC"'1(1.0) qS=.031
qC=.0051
213 Foulbe(males) Gowar 41 Gd GdA=11(26.8), GdB=30(73.2) qGdA=.268
1156 Mundang 180 Hb sickle"'14(7.8) qS=.039
1156 Tuburi 200 Hb sickle"'15(7.5) I qS=.038
1"156 Musgu 200 Hb sickle=16(8.0) qS=.040
1156 Glsiga 200 Hb sickle=17(8.5) I qS=.042
1156 Mofu 100 Hb sickle=8(8.0) IqS=.040
1156 Masa 2001 Hb 1 sickle=4(2.0) qS=.010
302

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
CAMEROON
1156 Mandara 501 Hb I sickle=5(10.0) qS=.050
1692 Shuwa Arabs North Cameroons 3121 Hb I AS=65(20.8), AC= 1(0. 3) qS= . 104
qC=.002
1692 Wakura Gwoza, North Cameroons 1821 Hb 1 AS=36(19.8), AC=10(5.5) qS=.099
qC=.027
1692 Hidkala Gwoza, North Cameroons 1291 Hb 1 AS=17(13.2), AC=6(4.7) qS=.066
qC=.023
1061 Cameroonians Yaounde 18281 Th I Barts=21 (1.15) qaTh=.007
1061 Cameroonians South West Region 318 Hb AS"80(25.2) qS=.126
1061 Cameroonians North West Region 244 Hb AS=71(29.0), 55=7(3.0) qS=.174
1061 Cameroonians West Region 496 Hb AS=54(10.9), Avariant=5(1.0) qS=.054
1061 Cameroonians Littora 1 Region 235 Hb AS=44( 18.7) qS=.094
1061 Cameroonians East Region 684 Hb AS=127(18.6), SS=2(0.3), Avariant=9(j.3) qS=.096
1061 Cameroonians Center South Region 556 Hb AS=128(23.0), Avariant=11(1.97) qS=.115
1061 Cameroonians North Region 349 Hb AS=46(13.2), Avariant=12(3.4) qS=.066
1060 Cameroonians(males) 572 Gd gdef=94(16.43) qdef=.1643
212 Cameroonians(males) Yaounde 371 HbGd AS=57(15.4), gdef=21(5.7) qdef=.0566
qS=.0768
213 Baka Salapoumbe 213 Hb AS"31(14.6), S=1(0.5), AD=2(0.9) qS=.077
213 Baka(males) Salapoumbe 105 Gd GdA=13(12.4), GdB=92(87.6), GdA-=O qGdA=.124
213 Bagantou Salapoumbe 144 Hb AS=12(8.3), AD=2(1.4) qS=.042
213 Bagantou(males) Salapoumbe 56 Gd GdA=14(25.0), GdB=40(71.4), GdA-=2(3.6) qGdA-=.0357
qGdA=.250
213 Balundu Lobe 781 Hb 1 AS=24(30.8) qS=.1538
213 Balundu(males) Lobe
331
Gd 1 GdA=11(33.3), GdB=22(66.7) qGdA=.333
213 Balundu Ekondo Titi 87 Hb AS=19(21.8) qS=.1092
213 Balundu(males) Ekondo Titi 431 Gd I GdA=17(39.5), GdB=21(48.8), GdA-=5(11.6) qGdA-=.1163
qGdA=.395
213 Mungo Mudeka 351 Hb I AS=7(20.0) qS=. 100
303

REF.
NO. POPULATION
CAMEROON
213 Mungo(males)
213 Ibo
213 Ibo(males)
213 Banyang
213 Banyang(males)
213 Mofou
213 Mofou(males)
213 Arabes-Choa
213 Arabes-Choa(males)
213 Cameroonians(total)
213 Cameroonians(males)
(total)
1467 Baka Pygmies
SAO TOME & PRINCIPE ISL.
2038 Africans
2038 Africans
2038 Africans
WEST AFRICA
1055 Africans
2032 Sudanese
2032 Sudanese
PLACE
MUdeka
Mudeka
MUdeka
Bachou Tai
Bachou Tai
Gowar
Gowar
Niwadji
Niwadji
Djoum, South Cameroon
Sao Tome
Principe
Sao Tome and Principe
Paris
Paris
Paris
304
NUMBER
TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS
18
41
22
118
63
118
55
144
78
1183
561
712
422
380
802
175
62
68
Gd
Hb
Gd
Hb
Gd
Hb
Gd
Hb
Gd
Hb
Gd
Hb
Hb
Hb
Hb
Gd
Th
Hb
GdA=5(27.8), GdB=13(72.2)
AS=12(29.3)
GdA=8(36.4), GdB=9(40.9), GdA-=5(22.7)
AS=30(25.4), bTh=2(1.7). HPFH=2(1.7)
GdA=19(30.2). GdB=40(63.5), GdA-=4(6.4)
AS=8(6.8), HPFH=3(2.5). bTh=1(0.89)
GdA=19(34.6). GdB=32(58.2), GdA-=3(5.4)
Gdvariant=1(1.8)
AS=30(20.8). S=1(0.7), HPFH=5(3.5)
GdA=19(24.4). GdB=53(68.0), GdA-=6(7.7)
AS=214(18.09). S=2(0.2), bTh=3(0.25)
AC 1(0.08). AF=12(1.01)
GdA=145(25.8). GdB=379(67.6). GdA-=36(6.4)
Gdvariant=1(0.2)
AS=122(17.13). S=2(0.28), AC=O
AS=60(14.2). AC=13(3. I), AK=2
AS=84(22. 1), AC=4( 1.1)
AD=5
gdef=12(6.9)
A2=2/F=3/A2F=0(8.1)
AS=12(17.6), AC=4(5.9)
GENE
FREQUENCIES
qS=.1463
qGdA-=.2273
qGdA=.364
qS=.1271
qbTh=.008
qGdA-=.0635
qGdA=.302
qS=.034
qbTh=.004
qGdA-=.0545
qGdA=.346
qS=.111
qGdA-=.0769
qGdA=.244
qS=.0921
qbTh=.0063
qC=.0004
qGdA-=.0642
qGdA=.258
qS=.0885
qS=.071
qC=.015
qK= .002
qS=.110
qC=.005
qD= .003
qbTh=.040
qS=.088
qC=.029

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
GABON
91 Fang Oyem 1000 Hb sickle=135(13.5) I qS=.068
91 Fang(on sulfone Oyem 465 Hb sickle=4(0.9) qS=.004
treatment)
2032 Fang Paris 79 Hb AS=20 qS=.127
796 Fang Librevi lIe 44 Hb AS=9 qS= . 102
Fang(total) 123 Hb AS=29(23.6) qS= . 118
92 Fang Mitzic District 600 Hb sickle=81( 13.5) qS=.068
92 Fang(lepers) Mitzic District 549 Hb sickle=45(8.2) qS=.041
1144 Fang 522 Hb sickle=69(13.2) qS=.066
1681 Fang Libreville 338 Hb AS=75(22.2), S=7(2.1) qS=.1213
2032 Fang Paris 661 Th 1 A2=0/F=2/A2F=0(3.0) qbTh=.015
2032 ViI i Paris 211 Hb 1 AS=7(33.0) qS=.167
2032 Vili Paris 161 Th I A2=0/F=0
527 Vili Paris 44 HbTh AS=12(27.3), A2=0 qS=.136
527 Bapunu Paris 361 HbTh I AS=14(38.9), A2=0 qS=.194
2032 Bapunu Paris 16 HbTh A2=0/F=0, AS=3 qS=.094
796 Bapunu 24 Hb AS=8 qS=.167
Bapunu(total) 40 Hb AS=11(27.5) qS=.138
2032 Teke(Balali) Paris 40 Hb AS=16(40.0) qS=.200
2032 Teke(Balali) Paris 25 Th A2=0/F=2/A2F=0, qbTh=.040
796 Bakota Librevi lIe 11 Hb AS=3 qS=.136
796 Obamba Libreville 7 Hb AS=l qS=.071
796 Bandjabi(Duma) Libreville 6 Hb AS=2 qS= .167
796 Aoussa Libreville 5 Hb AS=1 qS=.100
796 Other tribes Librevi lIe 3 Hb AS=1, AC=l qS=.167
qC=.167
1520 Bandjabi, Bapounou, Librevill e 5611 Hb I AS=144(25.7),SS=38(6.8) I qS=. 196
Fang( infants).
307

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO_._POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
GABON
1520 Ake1e, Bakota, Vi1i, Libreville 4861 Hb I AS=86(17.7), SS=25(5.1) I qS=.140
Eshira, Gaboa, Nkomi,
Mpongwe, Oroungou,
Obamba, Apindji,
Bavoungou, Bateke,
Lari(infants)
i144 Mpongwe 160 Hb sick1e=13(8.1) I qS=.041
1144 Bakota, Bapunu, and 158 Hb sick1e=28( 17.7) I qS=.089
Bambamba
1144 Bandjabi and Aduma 130 Hb sick1e=25(19.2) qS=.096
1144 Other Tribes 42 Hb sick1e=6(14.3) qS=.065
1061 Gabonese 1024 Hb AS=254(24.8) qS=.124
1061 Gabonese(chi1dren) 1862 Hb AS=426(22.9), SS=115(6.2) qS=.176
1061 Gabonese(cord blood) 1281 Hb AS=277(21.6), SS=10(0.8), SC= 1( 0.07) , qS=.116
AC= 1(0.07) qC=.0008
1061 Gabonese 1500
1
308
Hb IA5=330(22.0)
qS=.110
1681 Gabonese Libreville 1500 Hb AS=332(22.13), S=34(2.27), AC=7(0.47) qS=.1333
qC= .0023
1681 Bapounou Libreville 443 Hb AS=103(23.2), 5=13(2.9) qS=.1456
1681 Mbede Libreville 136 Hb AS=27(19.8), S=5(3.6) IqS=.1176
1681 Omyene Librevi 11e 125 Hb AS=1O(8.0), 5=3(2.4) qS=.0640
1681 Okande, Bakota, Librevill e 78 Hb AS=17(21.8) I qS=. 1090
Bade1e and others
CONGO REPUBLIC
1662 Babinga(Pygmies) Likoua1a 537 Hb sick1e=37(6.9) I qS=.034
1662 Bondjo Likoua1a 221 Hb sick1e=56(25.3) I qS=.127
401 Congolese Brazzaville 53 Hb S=1(1.9), AS=12(22.6) qS=.132
1061 Congolese Brazzaville ? Th Barts=(8.0)
83 Congo1ese(patients) Brazzaville 262 Hb AS=56(21.4), S=6(2.3) I qS=.130
83 Congolese Brazzaville 2326 Hb AS=43(18.5) I qS=.093

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
CONGO REPUBLIC
1061 Congolese Brazzaville 887 Hb sickle>=197(22.1) qS=.110
1061 Congolese Brazzaville ? Th a-/aa=(32 .0). --/aa>=(8.0) qa Hh=. 16
qa2Th=.04
444 Congolese(ch1ldren) Djoumouna 401 Hb AS=90(22.44) qS=.1122
444 Congolese(children Djoumouna 746 Hb AS=121( 16.22) I qS=.0811
with malaria)
444 Congolese(children Djoumouna 5431 Hb I AS>=86(15.84) I qS=.0792
and adults with
malaria)
ZAIRE
139 Congolese(cord blood) Kinshasa 636 Th Barts>=114(17.9) I qaTh>=.090
139 Congolese Kinshasa 500 Hb 5>=13(2.6). AS=120(24.0) qS=.146
780 Congolese Kinshasa 761 Hb AS>=178(23.4). 5=1(0.13). SC>=1(0.13) qS>=.119
AE>=1(0.13) qC=.0006
qE=.0006
1321 Bantu(with 701 Gd I gdef>=9(12.86) qdef=.1286
malignant hepatoma)
(males)
1321 Bantu(control) 49 Gd gdef>=11(22.45) I qdef>=.2245
(males)
2032 Bakongo Paris 125 Hb AS>=37(29.6) I qS>=.148
2032 Bakongo Paris 107 Th A2>=0/F=3/A2F=0(2.8) qbTh=.014
527 Bakongo Paris 176 HbTh AS=57(32.4). A2=0 qS>=.162
527 Baluba Paris 262 HbTh AS>=82(31.3). A2=0 qS>=.156
2032 Baluba Paris 681 Hb I AS>=21(30.9) qS>=.154
2032 Baluba Paris 66 Th A2>=0/F>=1/A2F>=0(1.5) qbTh=.OOB
1415 Congolese(males) Kinshasa 379 Gd gdef=72 qdef=.190
1925 Congolese(males) Kinshasa 522 Gd gdef>=112 qdef=.215
309
Congolese(total) Kinshasa 901 Gd gdef>=184(20.4) qdef=.204
(males)
1415 Congolese Kinshasa 2481 Hb 1 sickle=56 I qs>. 114

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
ZAIRE
1925 Congolese Kinshasa 151 Hb sickle=33 qS=. 109
2066 Congolese Kinshasa 2160 Hb sickle=568 qS=.132
Congolese(total) Kinshasa 2459 Hb sickle=627(25.5) qS=.128
310
1415 Congolese Kinshasa 99 Th F=O
2066 Congolese Kinshasa ? Hb AE=1
2063 Bantu Kinshasa 2160 Hb AS=568(26.3)
1415 Yaka(males) Kabamba. Kwango Province 91 HbGd gdef=15( 16.5). sickle=10( 11.0) qdef=.165
qS=.055
1415 Yaka(males) Kialala. Kwango Province 100 HbGd gdef=23(23.0). sickle=17(17.0) qdef=.230
qS=.085
1415 Yaka(males) Lusanga. Kwango Province 76 HbGd gdef=It( 14.5) • sickle=12(15.8) qdef=.145
qS=.079
1415 Yaka(males) Kisoma. Kwango Province 120 HbGd gdef=33(27.5). sickle=39(32.5) qdef=.275
qS=.162
1415 Yaka(males) Mukoko. Kwango Province 100 HbGd gdef=29(29.0). sickle=19(19.0) qdef=.290
qS=.095
1415 Yaka(males) Mutayi. Kwango Province 100 HbGd gdef=27(27 .0). sickle=19(19.0) qdef=.270
qS=.095
1415 Yaka(patients)(males) 41 Gd gdef=9(22.0) qdef=.220
1415 Yaka(patients) 100 HbTh sickle=28(28.0). F=O qS=.140
395 Bayanzi Itakenene. Saio District 256 Hb sickle=77(30.1) qS=.150
395 Bayanzi Mokubi. Saio District 110 Hb sickle=35(31.8) qS=.159
395 Bayanzi Bankene. Saio District 168 . Hb sickle=64(38.1) qS=.190
395 Bayanzi Nsala. Saio District 140 Hb sickle=43(30.7) qS=.154
395 Bayanzi Ndu. Saio District 60 Hb sickle=25(41.7) qS=.208
395 Bayanzi Nt t , Saio District 41 Hb sickle=18(43.9) qS=.220
395 Bayanzi Luwone-Turu. Saio District 338 Hb sickle=117(34.6) IqS=.173
395 Bayanzi Opoyengo. Saio District 100 Hb sickle=36(36.0) qS=.180
395 Bayanzi Mokutu. Saio District 306 Hb sickle=120(39.2) I qS=. 196

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
ZAIRE
395 Bayanzi Mowaka. Saio District 213 Hb sickle=47(22.1) I qS=. 110
395 Bayanzi Malita, Saio District 246 Hb sickle=66(26.8) qS=.134
395 Bayanzi Ngelemalita. Saio District 115 Hb sickle=47(40.9) qS=.204
395 Bayanzi Pana, Saio District 181 Hb sickle=43(23.8) qS=.119
395 Bayanzi Baba, Saio Oistrlct 160 Hb sickle=63(39.4) qS=.197
395 Bayanzi-Bambala Ntsaka, Saio District 115 Hb sickle=37(32.2) qS=.161
395 Bayanzi-Bambala Lareme. Saio District 384 Hb sickle=112(29.2) qS=.146
395 Bayanzi-Bambala Kenene, Saio District 291 Hb sickle=104(35.7) qS".179
395 Bayanzi-Bambala Mbene, Saio District 163 Hb sickle=42(25.8) qS=.129
395 Bayanzi-Bambala Tope, Saio District
.
240 Hb sickle=48(20.0) qS=.100
395 Bayanzi-Bambala Kindambury. Saio District 204 Hb slckle=58(28.4) qS=.142
395 Bayanzi Motorensiene, Tshimbane 241 Hb sickle=64(26.6) qS=.133
District
395 Bayanzi Buba, Tshimbane District 146 Hb slckle=49(33.6) I qS=.168
395 Bayanzi Pana Moke. 114 Hb sickle=23(20.2) J qS=.101
Tshimbane District
395 Bayanzi Baya Ndi. Tshimbane 181 Hb sickle=66(36.5) I qS=.182
District
395 Bayanzi Pana, Tshimbane District 227 Hb slckle=74(32.6) I qS=.163
395 Bayanzi Kwaya, Tshlmbane District 294 Hb sickle=106(36.1)
I qS=.180
395 Bayanzi Ngela, Tshimbane District 166 Hb sickle=77(46.4) qS=.232
395 Bayanzi Emia. Tshimbane District 297 Hb sickle=71(23.9) IqS=. 120
395 Bayanzi Bukwebe, Tshimbane 187 Hb sickle=59(31.6) qS=.158
District
395 Bayanzi Gomina. Tshimbane District 360 Hb sick1e= 107(29.7) I qS=. 149
395 Bayanzi Nteta. Tshimbane District 46 Hb sickle=14(30.4)
I qS=.152
395 Bayanzi Gambi t a , Tshimbane 127 Hb sickle=42(33.1) qS=. 165
District
311

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
I I I
ZAIRE
395 Bayanzi Mi l undu , Tshimbane 16 11 Hb I sickle=49(30.4) I qS=.152
Oistr-ict
395 Bayanzi Kimbanda. Tshimbane 90 1 Hb I sickle=26(28.9) I qS=.144
District
395 Bayanzi Kingwo, Tshimbane District
277/ Hb / sickle=112(40.4) IqS=.202
395 Bambala Kimboko.
Distr-ict
Tshimbane 233 Hb sickle=59(25.3) qS=.127
395 Bambala Nto, Tshimbane District 110 Hb sickle=25(22.7) qS= .114
\
395 Bambala Paku. Tshimbane District 183 Hb sickle=58(31.7) qS=.158
395 Bambala LUkweye. Tshimbane 482 Hb sickle=146(30.3) qS=.151
D1strict
395 Bambala Bimi, Tshimbane District 122 Hb slckle=39(32.0) qS=. 160
395 Bayanzi-Bambala Wubu, Tshimbane District 467 Hb sickle=163(34.9) qS=.174
395 Bayanz i-Bambal.a Luano, Tshimbane District 255 Hb sickle=60(23.5) qS=.118
395 Bayanzi-Bambala Webe, Tshimbane District 374 Hb sickle=88(23.5) qS=.118
395 Bayanzi-Bambala Pwonga, Tshimbane District 212 Hb sickle=55(25.9) qS=.130
395 Bayanzi-Bambala Pita, Tshimbane District 247 Hb sickle=70(28.3) qS=.142
395 Bayanzi-Bambala Peni, Tshimbane District 50 Hb sickle=14(28.0) qS=.140
395 Bayanzi-Bambala Buwulu, Tshimbane District 152 Hb sickle=51(33.6) qS=.168
395 Bayanzi-Bambala Kibeye, Tshimbane District 293 Hb sickle=107(36.5) qS=.183
395 Bayanzi-Bambala Kwebimi, Tshimbane 234 Hb sickle=64(27.4) qS=.137
District
395 Bayanzi-Bambala Kwo, Tshimbane District
145/ Hb I sickle=54(37.2)
I qS=.186
395 Bayanzi Manie, Bil ili-Kiamfu 362 Hb sickle=89(24.6) qS=.123
District
395 Bayanzi Bwatundu, Bilili-Kiamfu 829 1 Hb I sickle=252(30.4) I qS=. 152
District
395 Bayanzi Modjiki, Bilili-Kiamfu 886 1 Hb I sickle=225(25.4) I qS=.127
District
395 Bayanzi Mokaya, Bilili-Kaimfu 440 1 Hb I sickle=133(30.2) I qS=.151
District
312

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
I I I
ZAIRE
395 Bayanzi Malele. Kitoy District 211 Hb sickle=55(26.1) qS=.130
395 Bayanzi Kiputu, Kitoy District 99 Hb sickle=44(44.4) qS=.222
395 Bayanzi Kimbi-Sayala. Kitoy 312 Hb sickle=106(34.0) qS=.170
District
395 Bayanzi-Bambala Lulau, Kitoy District 343 Hb sickle=102(29.7) I qS=.149
District
395 Bayanzi-Bambala Bende. Kitoy District 324 Hb sickle=90(27.8) I qS=.139
District
395 Bambala Misele. Kitoy District 99 Hb sickle=33(33.3) IqS=. 167
395 Bambala Mosango, Kitoy District 125 Hb sickle=27(21.6) qS=. 108
395 Bambala Bumba, Kitoy District 177 Hb sickle=36(20.3) qS=.102
395 Bambala Misimbiri, Kitoy District 333 Hb sickle=88(26.4) qS=.132
395 Bambala Kindambi, Kitoy District 128 Hb sickle=30(23.4) qS=.117
395 Bambala Pombo, Kitoy District 137 Hb sickle=27(19.7) qS=.098
395 Bambala Kindundu, Kitoy District 215 Hb sickle=46(21.4) qS= .107
395 Bambala Bulangungu, Kitoy District 106 Hb sickle=18(17.0) qS=.085
395 Bahungana Kingangu. Kitoy District 149 Hb sickle=28(18.8) qS=.094
395 Bahungana Kinkwe-Ngilu, Kitoy 136 Hb sickle=45(33.1) qS=.165
District
395 Bangongo Banza Wanba Nseke. Kitoy 103 Hb sickle=29(28.2) I qS=.141
District
395 Bayanzi Kinkama. Dunda-Bonga 344 Hb sickle=79(23.0) I qS=.115
District
395 Bayanzi Kimuilu Kuba. Dunda-Bonga 339 Hb sickle=98(28.9) I qS=.144
District
395 Bayanzi Tebe, Dunda-Bonga District 167 Hb sickle=30(18.0) IqS=.090
395 Bayanzi Kisomo Kayeye, Dunda-Bonga 138 Hb sickle=37(26.8) qS=.134
District
395 Bayanzi Kindia. Dunda-Bonga 241 Hb sickle=95(39.4) I qS=.197
District
315

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
I I I
ZAIRE
395 Bayanzi-Basuku Kim. Putub., Dunda-Bonga 2671 Hb I sickle=57(21.3) I qS=.107
District
395 Bayanzi-Bangongo Kisala, Dunda-Bonga 2021 Hb I slckle=83(41.1) I qS=.205
District
395 Bambala-Bangongo Kindambi, Dunda-Bonga 1841 Hb 1 sickle=43(23.4) I qS=.117
District
395 Bangongo-Basuku Kitsoko, Dunda-Bonga 1651 Hb 1 sickle=44(26.7) I qS=.133
District
2016 Basuku and Baluba 655 Hb sickle=93(14.2) qS=.071
1190 Basuku Infants Feshi 464 Hb sickle=62(13.4) qS=.067
924 Bushong Mushenge 388 Hb sickle=83(21.4) qS=.107
924 Twa(Kuba) Bushole, Kembl, and 295 Hb sickle=56(19.0) qS=.095
LUkombe
924 L1a Lac Leopold II 213 Hb sickle=35(16.4) qS=.082
924 Twa Lac Leopold II 104 Hb sickle=14(13.5) qS=.067
1415 Wa(Ngbaka)(males) 49 Gd gdef=2(4.1) qdef=.041
1415 Bwaka 57 HbTh sickle=6(10.5), F=O qS=.053
62 Mongo Befale 3366 Hb sickle=765(22.7) qS=. 114
588 Mongo Mbandaka 11321 Hb sickle=2729(24.1) qS=.120
2063 Bantu Mbandaka 11288 Hb AS=2732(24.2) qS=.121
2063 Bantu Luluabourg 700 Hb 'AS=206(29.4) qS=.147
2065 Baluba LUluabourg 500 Hb AS=148(29.6) qS=.148
204 Baluba Kanda-Kanda 1020 Hb sickle=205(20.1) qS=.100
924 Baluba Lualaba River(Bukama to 280 Hb sickle=43(15.4) qS= .077
Mwanza)
1557 Congolese Likasi, Katanga 10041 Hb 1 sickle=305(30.4) qS=.152
1146 Congolese(males) Lubumbashf 514 HbGd gdef=100(19.5), S=41(8.0), AS=89(17.3) qdef=.195
qS=.166
2063 Bantu LUbumbashi 5151 Hb I AS=128(24.9) qS=.125
317

REF.
NO. POPULATION
ZAIRE
2066 Congolese
204 Congolese
2063 Bantu
congolese(total)
1415 Congolese(males)
1415 Congolese
2069 Congolese
204 Bakumu and Barumbi
922 Warega
922 Warega
923 Warega
Warega(total)
925 Forest Bira
925 Savannah Bira
204 Mambu
204 Efe Pygmies
1415 Efe Pygmies(males)
1415 Efe Pygmies(males)
923 Fulero
923 Havu
923 Hunde
923 Swaga
923 Shu
923 Mbuba
PLACE
Lumumbashi
Lumumbashi
Lumumbashi
Kisangani
Kisangani
Kisangani
Kisangani
Angumu
Kamituga
Kitutu
Kitutu
Kitutu
Epulu
Epulu and Gombari
Putu, Tchagala and Kalehe
Kirotshe to Bweremana
Butembo to Lubero
Mumole and Vuhovi
Matemora and Bwanandeke
318
NUMBER
TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS
515
78
593
1000
Hb
Hb
Hb
Hb
981 Gd
961 HbTh
10001 Hb
5521 Hb
811 Hb
1501 Hb
3001 Hb
450
223
298
217
456
Hb
Hb
Hb
Hb
Hb
1251 Gd
1261 HbTh
3001 Hb
300
300
300
300
300
Hb
Hb
Hb
Hb
Hb
sickle=128
sickle=12
sickle=140(23.6)
AS=278(27.8)
gdef=14(14.3)
sickle=28(29.2), F=O
AS=278(27.8), AD=3, AP=2
sickle=31(5.6)
sickle=11( 13.6)
sickle=18
sickle=68
sickle=86(19.1)
sickle=30(13.5)
sickle=52(17.4)
sickle=48(22.1)
sickle=118(25.9)
gdef=5(4.0)
AS=39(31.0), F=1(i.O)
sickle=55(18.3)
sickle=15(5.0)
sickle=13(4.3)
sickle=23(7.7)
sickle=27(9.0)
sickle=108(36.0)
GENE
FREQUENCIES
qS=.124
qS= .077
qS=. 118
qdef=.143
qS=.146
qS=.139
qD=.002
qP=.001
qS=.028
qS=.068
qS=.066
qS=.113
qS=.096
qS=.067
qS=.087
qS= . 111
qS=.129
qdef=.040
qS=.155
qbTh:.005
qS=.092
qS=.025
qS=.022
qS=.038
qS=.045
qS=.173

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
ZAIRE
923 Nyanga Mutongo and Pinga 300 Hb sickle=22(7.3) qS=.037
923 Tembo Tshabunda 300 Hb sickle=16(5.3) qS=.027
1457 Shi 301 Hb AS=12(4.0) qS=.020
923 Shi 375 Hb sickle=16 qS=.021
1415 Shi 92 Hb sickle=6 qS=.033
Shi(total) 467 Hb sickle=22(4.7) qS=.024
1415 Shi(males) 116 Gd gdef=16(13.8) qdef=.138
922 Banande 291 Hb sickle=33(11.3) qS=.057
922 Bamate 251 Hb I sickle=3(12.0) qS=.060
922 Batangi 16 Hb sickle=2(12.5) qS=.062
922 Bahera 25 Hb slckle=1(4.0) qS= .020
922 Baklra 20 Hb sickle=3(15.0) qS=.075
922 Congo Bahutu 100 Hb slckle=2(2.0) qS= .010
(Rutshuru)
923 Humu 273 Hb slckle=99(36.3) qS=.181
924 Tutsl Itombwe Plateau 191 Hb slckle=2(1.0) qS=.005
1935 Zaireans(patlents) Kinshasa 115 Hb AS=14(12.17), S=92(80.0), ASF=1(1.74) qS=.9304
(sickle cell anemia) SF=7(6.09) qF=.0391
1705 Bantu(males) 826 Gd GdA-=157( 19.00 qGdA-=.1901
(patients)
ANGOLA·
1492 Njinga Cota, Malanje District 104 Hb AD=1(0.96), AS=42(40.38) qD=.0038
qS=.2019
1492 Njinga(males) Cota, Malanje District 53 Gd GdA=7(13.2), GdA-=11(20.8), GdB=35(66.0) qGdA-=.208
qGdA=.132
1492 Njinga(females) Cota, Malanje Distrlct 53 Gd GdA=5(9.4), GdA-=4(7.5)
GdA/BA-/B=14(26.4), GdB=30(56.6)
1787 Angolans(females) Lunda and Songo 671 Gd gdef=140(20.9)
Districts
319

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
I I I
ANGOLA
1020 Angolans 91 Hb 82=4(4.4) qB2=.022
1787 Chokwe(males) Lunda District 1397 Gd gdef=237(17.0) qdef=.170
1787 Lunda(males) Lunda District 358 Gd gdef=64(i7.9) qdef=.179
1787 Songo(males) Songo District 570 Gd gdef=101(17.7) qdef=.177
1787 Minungo(males) Lunda District 360 Gd gdef=62(17.2) qdef=.172
1787 Shinje(Xinga)(males) Lunda District 282 Gd gdaf=50(17.7) qdaf=.177
1787 Bangala(malas) Lunda District 224 Gd gdef=55(24.6) qdef=.246
1787 Kakongo(Caconga) Cassai. Lunda District 267 Gd gdaf=59(22.1) qdef=.221
(males)
1954 Mbundu Bia and-Camacupa 1676 Hb sickle=386(23.0) qS=.097
1954 LUimbi Bie and Camacupa 232 Hb sickle=26(11.2) qS=.056
1954 Chokwe Ble and Camacupa 112 Hb sickla=16(14.3) qS=.071
1954 Songo Bie and Camacupa 20 Hb sickle=5(25.0) qS=.125
1786 lUimbi Lunda and Songo Districts 72 Hb sick 1a= 13 ( 18. 1 ) qS=.090
1786 Caconga Lunda and Songo Districts 135 Hb sickla=33(24.4) qS=.122
1786 Mataba Lunda and Songo Districts 61 Hb sickle=17(27.9) qS=.139
1786 Others Lunda and Songo Districts 53 Hb sickle=8(15.1) qS=.076
1416 Chokwe Chitato Concelho 459 Hb sickle=93(20.3) qS=.101
1416 Lunda Chitato Concelho 213 Hb sickle=51(23.9) qS=.120
1416 lunda-Chokwe Chltato Concelho 328 Hb sickle=69(21.0) qS=. 105
1786 Lunda Lunda District 605 Hb sickle=116 qS=.096
1785 Lunda Lunda District 600 Hb sickle=109. AS=109. AK=1 qS=.091
qK=.001
Lunda( total) Lunda District 1205 Hb sickle=225(18.7) qS=.093
1786 Chokwe Lunda District 1709 Hb sickle=290 qS=.085
1786 Chokwe Lunda District 600 Hb sickle=105. AS=105. AK=1 qS=.088
qK=.OO1
320

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
I I I
ANGOLA
Chokwe( tota I) Lunda District 2309 Hb sickle=395( 17.1) qS=.086
1786 Songo Songo District 542 Hb sickle=134 qS=.124
1785 Songo Songo District 600 Hb sickle=160. AS=160 qS=.133
Songo(total) Songo District 1142 Hb sickle=294(25.7) qS=.129
1786 Minungo Lunda and Songo Districts 280 Hb sickle=58 qS=.104
1785 Minungo Lunda and Songo Districts 485 Hb sickle=88. AS=88. AK=1 qS=.091
qK=.001
Minungo(total) Lunda and Songo DIstricts 765 Hb sickle=146(19.1) q5=.095
1786 Luvale Lunda and Songo Districts 88 Hb slckle=10(11.4) qS=.057
1786 Bangala Lunda and Songo Districts 98 Hb sickle=43 qS=.219
1785 Bangala Lunda and Songo Districts 600 Hb sickle=213. AS=213 qS=.178
Bangala(total) Lunda and Songo Districts 698 Hb sickle=256(36.7) qS=.183
1788 Bangala(males) Lunda and Songo Dlssricts 147 Gd gdef=40(27.2) qdef=.272
1786 Xlnge Lunda and Songo Districts 290 Hb sickle=62 qS=.107
1785 Xinge Lunda and Songo Districts 600 Hb sickle=153, AS=153 qS=.128
Xinge(total) Lunda and Songo Districts 890 Hb sickle=215(24.2) qS=.121
1788 Xinge(males) Lunda and Songo Districts 96 Gd gdef=16(16.7) qdef=.167
1788 Bangala and Xinge Lunda and Songo Districts 400 Hb AS=137(34.3). AD=4( 1 .0) qS=.171
qD= .005
2037 Kwando 43 Hb sickle=2(4.7) qS=.023
2037 Bantu 36 Hb slckle=3(8.3) qS=.042
1994 Bantu Luanda 186 Hb sickle=52(28.0) qS=.140
1793 Mbundu Benguela and Nova Lisboa 216 Hb sickle=18(8.3) qS=.042
1793 Other Bantu Benguela and Nova Lisboa 202 Hb sickle=17(8.4) qS=.042
2037 Twa 4i Hb sickle=2(4.9) qS=.024
1755 Bushmen Southeast Angola 249 Hb sickle=O
2037 Koroka Bushmen Southwest Angola 27 Hb I sickle=I(3.7) I qS=.018
321

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
J
ANGOLA
2037 Kwise Bushmen Southwest Angola 70 Hb sickle=7( 10.0) I qS=.050
BOTSWANA
1022 !Kung Bushmen(males) Dobe 1381 Gd 1 GdA=4(2.9). GdA-=2(1.4) IqGdA-=.014
qGdA=.029
1489 IKung(San) Dobe 1101 Gd I GdAB/A-B=10(9.1). GdB=100(90.9)
(females)
1022 !Kung Bushmen(males) /du/da 42
1489 !Kung(San)(females) /du/da 20 Gb GdB=20
2016 River Bushmen Okavango River 581 Hb I sickle=O
854 Bushmen Okavango River 601 Hb I sickle=O
471 Bushmen(males) Northern Kalahari 13 Gd gdef=O
471 Bushmen(females) Northern Kalahari 10 Gd gdef=O
1
322
Gd 1 GdA-=1(2.4) I qGdA-=.024
1019 Northern Bushmen Xoshi and Xangwa 80 Hb A=80 I qA=1.00
(!Kung)
1019 Northern Bushmen Xoshi and Xangwa 44 Gd gdef=2(4.5) t qdef=.045
( !Kung) (rna 1es )
1019 Northern Bushmen Xoshi and Xangwa 831 Hb I sickle=O
( !Kung)
368 !Kung Bushmen Okavango River 5001 Hb I sickle=O
2016 !Kung Bushmen 791 Hb I sickle=O
1022 Kaukau Bushmen(males) Ghanzi 43
1
Gd 1 GdA=1(2.3). GdB=42(97.7) qGdA=.023
1022 Naron Bushmen(males) Ghanzi 28 Gd GdA=2(7.1). GdA-=1(3.6). GdB=25(89.3) qGdA-=.036
qGdA=.071
1489 Nharo(San)(males) 19 Gd GdA=2( 10.53) • GdA-=1(5.26). GdB=16(84.21) qGdA-=.0526
qGdA=.1053
1489 Nharo(San)(females) 21 Gd GdBB=21
1022 Kaukau-Naron Bushmen Ghanzi 40 Gd GdA- =1(2 .5) • GdB=39(97.5) I qGdA-=.025
(males)
1022 !Ko Bushmen(males) Ghanzi 35 Gd GdA=1(2.9) . GdB=34(97.1) IqGdA=.029
1023 G/wi Ghanzi District 94 Hb A=94 qA= 1.00

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
I I I
BOTSWANA
1023 G//ana Ghanzi District 50 Hb A=50 qA= 1.00
1023 G/wi(males) Ghanzi District 47 Gd GdA-=1(2.13), GdB=46(97.87) qGdA-=.0213
1023 G/wi (females) Ghanzi District 47 Gd GdAA/AA-=1(2.13), GdA-B/BB=46(97.87)
1023 G//ana(males) Ghanzi District 25 Gd GdA=1( 4 .0) , GdB=24(96.0)
1023 G//ana(females) Ghanzi District 25 Gd GdAA/AA-=1(4.0), GdA-B/BB=24(96.0)
1019 Southern and Central Lone Tree No. 1 144 Hb sickle=O
Bushmen ( ! Ko and Borehole
/Dukwe)
323
I qGdA=.040
1019 Southern and Central Lone Tree No. 1 113 1 Hb I A=113 J qA=1.00
Bushmen(!Ko and Borehole
/Dukwe)
1019 Southern and Central Lone Tree No. 1 73 1 Gd I gdef=1(1.4) I qdef=.014
Bushmen(IKo and Borehole
/Dukwe)(males)
1019 Bushmen-Bantu Kwaai River 62 Hb sickle=O
1019 Bushmen-Bantu Kwaai River 59 Hb A=59 I qA=1.00
1019 Bushmen-Bantu(males) Kwaai River 28 Gd gdef=O
1020 San 1761 Hb B2=0
1489 !xo(San)(males) 28 Gd GdB=27(96.43), GdBwk=1(3.57)
1489 !xo(San)(females) 23 Gd GdBB=23
1489 Hhua(San)(males) 121 Gd I GdA=1(8.33), GdA-=1(8.33), GdB=9(75.0) I qGdA-=.0833
GdBwk= 1(8.33) qGdA=.0833
1489 Hhua(San)(females) 23 Gd GdA-B=1(4.35). GdBB=22(95.65)
1489 //au//en(San)(males) 32 Gd GdB=32
1489 //au//en(San)(females 28 Gd GdAB/A-B=1(3.57), GdBB=27(96.43)
471 Bushmen(males) Central Kalahari 16 Gd gdef= 1( 6. 3 )
471 Bushmen(females) Central Kalahari 31 Gd gdef=1
2219 Bushmen Central Kalahari 232 Hb sickle=O
I qdef=.063
2016 Bushmen South and Central Kalahari 110 Hb A=: 110 I qA=1.00

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
BOTSWANA
1019 Kgalagadi Kang 52 Hb sickle=O
1019 Kgalagadi Kang 50 Hb AD=1(2.0) I qD= .010
1019 Kgalagadi(males) Kang 49 Gd gdef=O
2016 Kgalakadi Bantu South and Central Kalahari 60 Hb A=60 qA= 1.00
1020 Kgalagadi 124 Hb B2=10(8.3) qB2=.040
1020 Herero 62 Hb B2= 1O( 16.1) qB2=.081
2219 Hottentot South and Central Kalahari 210 Hb slckle=O
854 Mpukushu Bantu Okavango River 119 Hb sickle=O
855 Bechuana Francistown to Maun 252 Hb sickle=5(2.0) qS= .010
209 Bechuana(males) 85 Gd gdef=6(7.1) qdef=.071
1489 Denasena(Negro) 36 Gd GdA=2(5.56). GdB=34(94.44) qGdA=.0556
(males)
1489 Denasena(Negro) 41 Gd GdAA/AA-=4(9.76), GdAB/A-B=6(14.63)
(females) GdBB=31(75.61)
NAMIBIA
854 Bushmen Barakwenga Caprivi Strip 58 Hb sickle=O
1489 IKung(San) Tsumkwe 69 Gd GdA=5(7.25), GdB=64(92.75) I qGdA=.0725
(males)
1489 IKung(San) Tsumkwe 77 Gd GdAA/AA-=2(2.60), GdAB/A-B=2(2.60)
(females) GdBB=73(94.80)
1485 !Kung(males) Samanlaika 4 Gd GdB=4
1485 !Kung Samanlaika 5 Gd GdB=5
1654 !Kung 26 HbTh -a/aa=3(11.5), aa/aa=23(88.5) I q(-a)=.06
1485 Glaglai(IKung)(males) 14 Gd GdA=1(7.14), GdB=13(92.86) qGdA=.0714
1485 Glaglai(IKung) 22 Gd GdAB=1(4.54), GdB=21(95.45)
(fema1es)
1485 //au//en(males) 43 Gd GdA=1(2.33), GdB=42(97.67) I qGdA=.0233
1485 //au//en 267 Hb ADBushman=16(6.0) I qD=.030
324

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
,.I
I
NAMIBIA
1490 Kwangali(females)
Gd I GdA.4('0.53). GdAB/A-B·"(28.95)
GdB"23(60.53)
1490 Kwanga11 1071 HbTh 1 AS=7(6.54), B2=0 I qS=.033
1490 Sambyu(males) 39 Gd GdA"10(25.64). GdA-"7(17.95). GdB"21(53.85) I qGdA-". 1795
GdKwamyama=1(2.56) qGdA=.2564
1490 Sambyu(females) 521 Gd 1 GdA"12(23.08). GdAB/A-B"17(32.69)
GdB"21(40.38), GdBKwanyama"2(3.85)
1490 Sambyu 921 HbTh 1 AS=14(15.2), B2"0 qS=.0761
1490 Gciriku(males) 48 Gd GdA,,17(35.42), GdA-=6(12.50). GdB"25(52.08) qGdA-".1250
qGdA".3542
1490 Gciriku(females) 611 Gd I GdA"12(19.67), GdA-"4(6.56)
GdAB/A-B=11(18.03), GdB=35(57.38)
1490 Gciriku 1111 HbTh I AS=11(9.9). B2=1(0.9) qS".0495
qB2".0045
1490 Mbukushu(males) 301 Gd 1 GdA"7(23.33), GdA-=1(3.33), GdB=22(73.33) qGdA-".0333
qGdA=.2333
1490 Mbukushu(females) 231 Gd 1 GdA=3(13.04. GdA-=1(4.35)
GdAB/A-B"6(26.09), GdB=13(56.52)
1490 Mbukushu 541 HbTh I A"54, B2"2(3.7) q82=.0185
1490 Kwengo(males) 201 Gd I GdA,,7(35.0). GdA-"1(8.0), GdB"12(60.0) qGdA-=.0500
qGdA=.350
1490 Kwengo(females) 15 Gd GdA=3(20.0). GdAB/A-8=3(20.0)
GdB=9(60.0)
1490 Kwengo 35 HbTh A"35, 82"0
1020 Fwe/Subiya
124\
326
Hb I B2=0
1020 Herero 98 Hb 82=18(18.4) q82".092
1491 Basters(males) Rehoboth 52 Gd GdA"2(3.85). GdB"50(96.15) qGdA=.0385
1491 8asters(females) Rehoboth 67 Gd GdA8=1(1.49). GdB=66(98.51)
1960 Bastars Rehoboth 149 Hb A=149, A2=0, F=O
1960 Bastars(males) Rehoboth 34
1960 Bastars(fema1es) Rehoboth 19 1 Gd GdAB=1
Gd \ GdA" H 2 . 9 ) I qGdA=.029

REF.
NO. POPULA TI ON
NAMIBIA
1544 Germans
1544 Germans(females)
1544 Germans(males)
1544 Afrikaners
SOUTH AFRICA
1486 Griqua Hottentots
(males)
1486 Griqua Hottentots
(females)
1488 Griqua + mixed
(Hottentot mixed)
1488 Griqua(males)
1488 Griqua(females)
PLACE
Windhoek
Windhoek
Windhoek
327
NUMBER
TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS
118
64
54
Hb
Gd
Gd
A=118
GdAB=2(3.1)
Windhoek 571 HbGd A=57. gdef=O
Herbert District
Cape Province
Herbert District
Cape Province
Campbell. Cape Province
Campbell, .Cape Province
1488 Griqua + mixed(males) Campbell, Cape Province
(Hottentot mixed)
1488 Griqua + mixed
(Hottentot mixed)
(fema 1e s )
329 Cape Malays
209 Cape Malays(males)
471 Cape Malays(males)
Cape Malays(males)
(total)
840 Cape Malays(males)
Campbell, Cape Province
Campbell, Cape Province
Capetown
Capetown
109
1!56
Gd
Gd
2671 HbTh
411 Gd
59
102
132
556
51
53
104
50
Gd
Gd
Gd
Hb
Gd
Gd
Gd
Gd
GENE
FREQUENCIES
GdB=54 qGdA=. Oil
GdA-=1(0.9), GdA=7(6.4), GdB=101
GdA-A-=1(0.6), GdAA-/AA=13(8.3),
GdAB/A-B=18(11.5), GdBB=124
A=267. Th=O
GdA=6(14.63), GdB=34(82.93), GdA-=1(2.44)
GdB=45(76.27), GdA-B/AB=6(10. i7)
GdAA-=7(11.86), GdA-=1(1.69)
GdA=11(10.78), GdB=90(88.24), GdA-=1(0.98)
GdB=100(75.8), GdA-B/AB=16(12.1)
GdAA-=13(9.8), GdA-=3(2.3)
AS=5(0.9), AC=2(0.4), AE=8(1.4)
gdef=1
gdef=2
gdef=3(2.9)
GdA=1(2.0), GdB=49
840 Cape Malays(females) Capetown 50 Gd GdB=49, Gdvariant=l
329 Cape Coloured Capetown 1355 Hb AS=5(0.4), AL=l, AC=4(0.3), AE=16(1.2).
AJ=l
qGdA-=.009
qGdA=.064
qA= 1.00
qGdA-=.0244
qGdA=.1463
qGdA-=.0098
qGdA=.1078
qS=.004
qC= .002
qE=.007
qdef=.010
qdef=.038
qdef=.029
qGdA=.020
qS=.002
qL=.0004
qC=.002
qE=.006
qJ=.0004

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
I I I
SOUTH AFRICA
307 Greeks (fema 1es) Cape Town 100 Gd gdef=5(5.0)
252 White( chl1 dren) Cape Town 32 Th bTh= 1( 3 . 12) qbTh=.0156
252 Black(children) Cape Town 71 Th bTh= 1( 1 .41 ) qbTh=.0070
329 Bantu Capetown 150 Hb A=150 qA= 1.00
840 Bantu(males) Capetown 150 Gd gdef=1(0.7), GdA=23(15.3), GdB=126 qdef=.007
qGdA=. 153 .
840 Bantu(fema 1es) Capetown 100 Gd GdAB=14(14.0), GdB=86 qGdA=.070
329
1362 Alpha thalassemlcs Capetown 17 Th -a/aa=3, -a/-a=7, --/aa=2, --/-a=4, q(-a)=.75
aa/aa(T)=l q(--)=.214
q(aa(T»=.036
1025 Cape Coloured Johannesburg 205 Hb AJ=1(0.5) qJ=.002
1022 Cape Coloured(males) Johannesburg 113 Gd GdA=5(4.4), GdA-=3(2.7), GdB=105(92.9) qGdA-=.027
qGdA= .044
1022 Mixed tribes(males) 901 Gd I GdA=11(12.2), GdA-=5(5.6), GdB=74(82.2) qGdA-=.056
qGdA=.122
1024 Cape Coloured Johannesburg 1141 Th I F=O
1022 Tswana(males) 771 Gd I GdA=13(16.9), GdA-=2(2.6), GdB=62(80.5) qGdA-=.026
qGdA=.169
1486 Tswana(males) Rustenburg District, 46 Gd GdA-=1(2.2), GdA=5(iO.9), GdB=40 qGdA-=.022
Transvaal qGdA=.109
1486 Tswana (fema 1es) Rustenburg District, 74 Gd GdAA/AA-=10(13.5), GdAB/A-B=11(14.9),
Transvaal GdBB=53
471 Tswana(males) 25 Gd gdef=2(8.0) qdef=.080
1022 Zulu(males) 101 Gd gdef=2(2.0) qdef=.020
1024 ZUlu 32 HbTh F=O, A=32 qA= i .00
855 Zulu North of Eshowe 421 Hb sickle=O
209 ZUlu(males) 116 Gd gdef=5 qdef=.043
471 Zulu(males) 73 Gd gdef=l qdef=.014
Zulu(males)(total) 189 Gd gdef=6(3.2) qdef=.032
931 Zul u(fema 1es) 119 Gd GdA=13(10.92), GdB=79(66.39) qGdA-=.0594
GdAB=11(9.24), GdA-B=10(8.4) qGdA=.163

REF.
.,n "OPULATION
SOUTH AFRICA
1487 Zulu & Tonga
(with Mseleni joint
disease)
1487 Zulu & Tonga
(with Mseleni joint
disease)(males)
1487 Zulu & Tonga
(with Mseleni joint
disease)(females)
1024 Ndebele
209 Ndebele(males)
931 Ndebele(females)
1024 Venda
1654 Venda
209 Venda(males)
931 Venda(females).
1024 Hlubi
1024 Lozi from Zambia
1024 Bantu from Malawi
1024 Bantu from Angola
211 Bantu
211 Indi ans
79 Bantu
387 Nguni
209 Xhosa(males)
471 Xhosa(males)
PLACE
Mseleni, near Lake Sibayi
Kwa Zulu
Mseleni, near Lake Sibayi
Kwa Zulu
Mseleni. Near Lake Sibayi
Kwa Zulu
Johannesburg
Transvaal and Natal
Ciskei and Fort Hare
330
NUMBER
TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS
123
23
100
Hb
Gd
Gd
271 HbTh
121 Gd
1721 Gd
241 HbTh
331 HbTh
91 Gd
471 Gd
121 HbTh
91
75
82
2000
330
403
76
184
43
Th
Th
Th
Hb
Hb
Hb
Hb
Gd
Gd
GdAB-=6(5.04)
A=123
GdA=3(13.04). GdA-=2(8.70), GdB=18(78.26)
GdA=7(7.0). GdA-=1(1.0). GdB=74(74.0)
GdAB/A-B=18(18.0)
F=O. A=27
gdef=l
GdA=11(6.4). GdB=120(69.77). GdAB=13(7.56)
GdA-B=16(9.3), GdAB-=12(6.98)
F=1(4.2). AS=1(4.2)
-a/-a=2(6.1), -a/aa=10(30.3), aa/aa=20.
aaa/aa=1(3.0)
gdef=l
GdA=6(12.77). GdB=32(68.09). GdAB=2(4.26)
GdA-B=4(8.51), GdAB-=3(6.38)
F=O. A=12
F=O
F=O
F=O
AS=6(0.3)
AS=6(1.8)
sickle=1(0.2)
sickle=O
gdef=7
gdef=l
qA= 1.00
qGdA-=.087
qGdA=.1304
qA= 1.00
qdef=.083
qGdA-=.0431
qGdA=.140
qbTh=.021
qS=.021
q(-a)=.21
q(aaa)=.02
qdef=.111
qGdA-=.0737
qGdA=.150
qA=1.00
qS=.002
qS=.009
qS=.OOl
qdef=.038
qdef=.023

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
I I I
SOUTH AFRICA
471 Swazi(males)
931 Swazi(females) 6:1 Gd GdA=5(7.25). GdB=46(66.67). GdAB=8(11.59) qGdA- = . 0406
GdA-B=6(8.7), GdAB-=4(5.8) qGdA=.162
1020 Swazi Swaziland 92 Hb B2=0
332
Gd 1 gdef=l qdef=.125
209 Transvaal Shangaan 81 Gd gdef=8 I qdef=.099
(males)
471 Shangaan(males) 18 Gd gdef=l Iqdef=.056
Shangaan(males) 99 Gd gdef=9(9.1) qdef=.091
(total)
931 Shangana-Tsonga 153 Gd GdA=9(5.92), GdB=97(63.82), GdA8=15(9.87) I qGdA-=.0526
(fema1es) GdA-B=18(11.84). GdAB-=13(8.55) qGdA=.158
GdVariant=1(0.65)
855 Bantu Rustenburg to Waterburg 56 Hb sickle=O
Transvaal
855 Bantu Waterburg to 561 Hb I sickle=O
Potgietersrust. Transvaal
855 Bantu West of Beit Bridge 761 Hb 1 sick1e= 1( 1 . 3 ) I qS=.007
Transvaal
855 Bantu Beit Bridge to Pafuri 59 Hb sickle=O
Transvaal
855 Bantu Shwingdzi to Barberton 107 Hb sickle=2(1.9) I qS=.009
Transvaal
1020 Bantu 1081 Hb B2=17(1.6) qB2=.008
1020 Coloured 226 Hb B2=4(1.8) qB2=.009
209 Other Bantu(males) 49 Gd gdef=l qdef=.020
471 Other Bantu(males) 38 Gd gdef=O
Other Bantu(males) 87 Gd gdef =1( 1 . 1 ) I qdef= .011
(total)
855 Bantu Mineworkers 1741 Hb sickle=2(O.1) qS=.OOl
931 Western Sotho(Tswana) 152 Gd GdA=10(6.58), GdB=108(71.05) qGdA-=.0470
(females) GdAB=11(7.24). GdA-B=16(10.53) qGdA=.131
GdAB-=7( 4.61)

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
I I I
SOUTH AFRICA
931 Bantu tribes(males) 17 Gd GdA=4(23.53). GdB=13(76.47)
1704 Negroids(mothers) 547 Gd GdA=22(4.0). GdAB=137(25.0). GdB=388(70.9)
1704 Negroids(daughters) 357 Gd GdA=8(2.2). GdAB=83(23.2), GdB=266(74.5)
1704 Negroids(sons) 281 Gd GdA=57(20.3). GdB=224(79.7)
932 Negro(females) Pretoria 88 Gd GdAA/AA-/A-A=4(4.54). GdB=58(65.91)
(14-17yrs) GdAB/AB/A-B=26(29.54)
932 Negro (fema Ies) Pretoria 116 Gd GdAA/AA-/A-A=6(5.17), GdB=82(70.69)
(18-19yrs) GdAB-/AB/A-B=28(24.13)
932 Negro(females) Pretoria 156 Gd GdAA/AA-/A-A-=13(8.33), GdB=113(72.44)
(20-22yrs) GdAB-/AB/A-B=30(19.23)
932 Negro(fema I es) Pretoria 133 Gd GdAA/AA-/A-A-=8(6.02), GdB=100(75.19)
(23-26yrs) GdAB-/AB/A-B=25(18.80)
932 Negro(fema I es) Pretoria 133 Gd GdAA/AA-/A-A-=11(8.27), GdB-99(74.44)
(27-42yrs) GdAB-/AB/A-B=23(17.29)
Negro(females)(total) Pretoria 626 Gd GdAA/AA-/A-A-=42(6.71), GdB=452(72.20)
GdAB-/AB/A-B=132(19.52)
1587 Negroes(cord bloods) Johannesburg 4301 Th 1 Barts=7(1.6) I qaTI,"'.0081
MOZAMBIQUE
1676 Shangana(males) 496 Gd gdef=79(15.9) qdef=.159
76 Shangana 799 Hb AS=7 qS=.004
1677 Shangana 102 Hb AS=1, B2=3(2.9) qS=.005
qB2=.015
Shangana(total) 901 Hb AS=8(0.9) qS=.004
739 Shangaan 150 Hb sickle=3(2.0) qS= .010
349 Shangaan 136 Hb sickle=O
1676 Thonga(males) 162 Gd gdef=32(19.8) qdef=.198
76 Thonga 248 Hb AS=2 qS=.004
1677 Thonga 61 Hb A=61. B2=1(1.6) qA= 1.00
qB2=.002
Thonga(total) 309 Hb AS=2(0.6) qS=.003
333

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
MOZAMBIQUE
739 Tongas 100 Hb sickle=1(1.0) qS=.005
1676 Ronga(males) 204 Gd gdef=42(20.6) qdef=.206
76 Ronga 703 Hb AS=9 qS=.006
1677 Ronga 59 Hb A=59. B2=0 qA=1.00
Ronga(total) 762 Hb AS=9(1.2) qS=.006
739 Rongas 100 Hb sickle=1( 1.0) I qS=.005
1676 Chopi (males) 149 Gd gdef=39(26.2) qdef=.262
76 Chopi 281 Hb AD=3(1.1) qD= .005
1677 Chopi 60 Hb A=60. B2=0 qA=1.00
739 Chopi(Muchopes) Inhambane and Villanculos 100 Hb sickle=2(2.0) qS= .010
1418 Chop t , Ronga. Thonga. 2B8 Gd GdA-=59(20.5). GdA=47(16.3). GdB=179. qGdA-=.205
Shangana(males) Gdvariants=3 qGdA=.163
1676 Tswa(males) 62 Gd gdef=6(9.7) I qdef=.097
76 Tswa 105 Hb AS=1(1.0) I qS=.005
1676 Ndau(males) 1011 Gd I gdef=8(7.9) qdef=.079
76 Ndau 381 Hb I AS=1(2.6) qS=.013
349 Ndau 3181 Hb 1 sickle=11(3.5) qS=.172
349 Sena 1421 Hb I sickle=9 qS= .032
739 Sena 501 Hb I sickle=1 IqS= .010
Sena(total) 192
1676 Sena(males) 297 1 Gd gdef=27(9.1) I qdef=.091
334
Hb I sickle=10(5.2)
qS=.026
76 Sena 3731 Hb I AS=17(4.6) I qS=.023
1676 Kunda(Nhungwe) (males) 214 Gd gdef=15(7.0) qdef=.070
76 Kunda(Nhungwe) 310 Hb AS=21(6.B) I qS=.034
349 Kunda(Cikunda) 54 Hb sickle=7(13.0) I qS=.065
1676 Chuabo(males) 428 Gd gdef=22(B.9) I qdef=.089

REF.
NO. POPULATION
MOZAMBIQUE
76 Chuabo
PLACE
NUMBER
TESTED SYSTEM
J Hb I'5'8(3.0)
RESULTS
GENE
FREQUENCIES
qS=.015
739 Chuabo 100 Hb sickle=3(3.0) qS=.015
1481 Chuabo(females) Quelimane. Maganja and 4 Hb A=4 I qA=1.00
Lome
1481 Chuabo(males) Quelimane. Maganja and 244 HTGd AS=9(3.69). AD=1(0.41). HPFH=11(4.51) I qS=.0184
Lome bTh=12(4.92). A2'=4(1.63) qD=.0020
qHPFH=.0225
qbTh=.0246
qA2'=.0082
349 Chewa 275\ Hb I sickle=26 \ qS=.047
189 Chewa 522 Hb sickle=65 IqS=.062
Chewa(total) 797 Hb sickle=91(11.4) qS=.057
1676 Nyanja(males) 378 Gd gdef=59(15.6) qdef=.156
76 Nyanja 22 Hb AS=3(13.6) qS=.068
349 Nyanja 118 Hb sickle=4(3.4) qS= .017
1676 Lomwe(males) 53 Gd gdef=5(9.4) qdef=.094
76 Lomwe 511 Hb \ AS=1(2.0) I qS=.010
739 Lomwe Milange. Namacurra. 100 Hb sickle=4 I qS=.020
QUilimane. Murrambala
349 Lamwe 101 Hb sickle=O
Lamwe(total) 201 Hb sickle=4(2.0) IqS=.010
1676 Makua(Makwa)(males) 980 Gd gdef =118 ( 12 . 0 ) qdef=.120
76 Makua(Makwa) 912 Hb AS=35(3.8) qS=.019
739 Makua Nampula 110 Hb sickle=42(38.2) qS=.191
2023 Makua North Coast 387 Hb AS=14(3.6) qS=.018
1481 Macua(females) Nampula 27 Hb A=27 qA= 1.00
1481 Macua(males) Nampula 144 HbTh AS=8(5.56). HPFH=2(1.39). bTh=3(2.08) I qS=.0278
qHPFH=.0069
qbTh=.0104
1481 Macua(lepers) Nampula
661
Th I HPFH=3(4.54). bTh=4(6.06). A2'=1(1.52) I qHPFH=.0076
(females) qbTh=.0379
335

REF.
NO. POPULATION
MOZAMBIQUE
1481 Macua(lepers)
(males)
1676 Makonde(males)
76 Makonde
739 Makonde
740 Makonde
740 Makonde
76 Ngoni
76 Mashanga(Ndau)
76 Teve(Mateve)
76 Yao(Ajaua)
1676 Bantu(males)
1194 Ndebele(Landins)
739 Ngoni(Mungones)
739 Tswa(Vatswas)
2023 Bantu
739 Sena
739 Ngoni(Angonis)
739 Maravi
739 Eratis
739 Tachanas
739 Manhaua
1418 Bantu(males)
PLACE
Nampula
North Coast
Porto Amelia
Vipinco
Chibuto and Joao Bello
Villanculos
South and Central
Mozambique
Beira. Zambesia
Tete. Lourenco Marques
Nampula
Nampula. M11ange
Milange. Inhambane. Panda
Milange. Ch1nde. Namacurra
336
NUMBER
TESTED SYSTEM
581 HbTh
382
376
100
100
50
145
146
125
16
450
188
50
100
61
50
50
25
25
50
50
456
Gd
Hb
Hb
Hb
Hb
Hb
Hb
Hb
Hb
Gd
Hb
Hb
Hb
Hb
Hb
Hb
Hb
Hb
Hb
Hb
Gd
RESULTS
AS=1(1.72). AG=1(1.72). HPFH=2(3.45)
A2'=1(1.72)
gdef=50(13.1)
AS=12(3.2)
sickle=40(40.0)
s1ckle=40(40.0)
sickle=2(4.0)
AS=5(3.4)
AS=13(8.9)
AS=6(4.8)
AS=1(6.3)
gdef=82(18.2)
sickle=1(0.5)
sickle=1(2.0)
sickle=2(2.0)
AS=6(9.8)
sickle=1(2.0)
sickle=O
sickle=O
s1ckle=0
sickle=1(2.0)
sickle=2(4.0)
GdA-=82(18.0). GdA=76(1G.7). GdB=292.
GdLourenzoMarque=3. GdManjacaze=1.
GdInhambane=1, Gd-Ch1buto=1
GENE
FREQUENCIES
qA2'=.0076
qS=.0086
qG=.0086
qF=.0086
qbTh=.0086
qA2'=.0086
qdef=.131
qS=.016
qS=.200
qS=.200
qS=.020
qS= .017
qS=.044
qS=.024
qS=.031
qdef=.182
qS=.003
qS= .010
qS=.010
qS=.049
qS= .010
qS= .010
qS=.020
qGdA-=.1BO
qGdA=.167

REF.
NO . POPULATI ON
MOZAMBIQUE
1481 Other(females)
1481 Other(males)
MALAWI
471 Nyasa(males)
349 Nyakyusa
349 Yao
1895 Bantu
210 Bantu from Malawi
(males)
120 Bantu from Malawi
1020 Malawians
ZIMBABWE
1947 Africans(with lobar
pneumonia)(jaundiced)
(males)
1947 Africans(with lobar
pneumonia)(jaundiced)
(fema 1es)
1947 Africans(without
pneumonia or
jaundice)(males)
1947 Africans(without
pneumonia or
jiUndice)(females)
120 Bantu from Zimbabwe
208 Bantu Tribes(males)
688 Shona
786 Shona
786 5hona
PLACE
Nampula
Nampula
Blantyre
Johannesburg
Zambia
Zambia
Lusaka, Zambia
Harare
Harare
337
NUMBER
TESTED SYSTEM
71 Hb
381 HbTh
7
108
189
710
122
244
141
10
2
13
2
601
1200
31
120
60
Gd
Hb
Hb
Hb
Gd
Hb
Hb
Gd
Gd
Gd
Gd
Hb
Gd
Hb
Hb
Th
A=7
RESULTS
HPFH=1(2.63), bTh=2(5.26), A2'=1(2.63)
gdef=1( 14.2)
sickle=20(18.5)
sickle=6(3.2)
5=1(0.1), A5=37(5.2), B2=5(0.7)
gdef=16(13.1)
AS=16(6.6)
B2=1(0.8)
gdef=2(20.0)
gdef=O
gdef=1(7.69)
gdef=O
AS=11(1.8)
gdef=(5-23)
A=31
A=120
A2=O, F=O
GENE
FREQUENCIES
qA= 1.00
qHPFH=.0132
qbTh=.0395
qA2'=.0132
qdef=.142
q5=.093
q5=.016
qS=.028
qB2=.004
qdef=.131
qS=.033
qB2=.004
qdef=.2000
qdef=.0769
qS=.009
qA= 1.00
qA= 1.00

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES.
I I I
ZAMBIA
688 11 a 24 Hb AS=2 qS=.042
Ila(total) 53 Hb AS=6(11.3) qS=.057
688 Lenje 71 Hb AS=13 qS=.092
149 Lenje 242 Hb AS=39 qS=.081
Lenje(total) 313 Hb AS=52(16.6) qS=.083
1020 Lenje 300 Hb B2=2(0.7) qB2=.003
149 Lundwe 58 Hb AS=8(13.8) qS=.069
688 Toka 2 Hb A=2 qA= 1.00
149 Toka 16 Hb AS=1 qS=.031
Toka(total) 18 Hb AS=1(5.6) qS=.028
120 Lenje, Sol i , Sala 698 Hb sickle=83(11.9) qS=.059
688 Soli 87 Hb AS=7 qS=.040
149 Sol i 57 Hb AS=8 qS=.070
Soli(total) 144 Hb AS=15(1O.4) qS=.052
688 Sala 7 Hb A=7 qA= 1.00
149 Sala 8 Hb AS=3 qS=.188
149 Sala 15 Hb AS=3(20.0) qS=.100
210 Lozi(males) Johannesburg 194 HbGd gdef=5(2.6). sickle=20 qdef=.026
qS=.052
120 Lozi 311 Hb sickle=14 qS=.022
Lozi(tota1 ) 505 Hb sickle=34(6.7) qS=.034
688 Lozi 88 Hb AS=7 qS=.040
148 lozi 436 Hb AS=34 qS=.039
149 Lozi 312 Hb AS=19 qS=.027
lozl( tota 1 ) 836 Hb AS=60(7.2) qS=.036
1018 lozi 298 Hb sickle=18(6.0) qS=.030
339

REF. NUMBER GENE
N_O_._ POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
ZAMBIA
1020 Lozi 164 Hb B2=0
148 Lozi(males) 233 Gd gdef=37(15.9) qdef=.159
148 Nkoya(males) 8 Gd gdef =1( 12 . 5 ) qdef=.125
688 Nkoya 8 Hb AS=3 qS=.188
148 Nkoya 28 Hb AS=2 qS=.036
149 Nkoya 6 Hb AS=1 qS=.083
Nkoya(total) 42 Hb AS=6(14.3) qS=.071
148 Luyana(Kwangwa) 8 Gd gdef=1(12.5) qdef=.125
(males)
148 Luyana(Kwangwa) 10 Hb A=10 qA= 1.00
149 Luyana(Kwangwa) 16 Hb AS=3 qS=.093
Luyana(Kwangwa) 26 Hb AS=3(11.5) qS=.058
(total)
148 Luchazi 6 Hb A=6 qA= 1.00
688 Luchazi 2 Hb AS=1 qS=.250
149 Luchazi 65 Hb AS=8 qS=.062
Luchazi(total) 73 Hb AS=9(12.3) qS=.062
148 Mbunda(males) 30 Gd gdef=4(13.3) qdef=.133
688 Mbunda 3 Hb A=3 qA=1.00
148 Mbunda 66 Hb AS=6 qS=.045
149 Mbunda 22 Hb AS=3 qS=.068
Mbunda(total) 91 Hb AS=9(9.9) qS=.049
688 Lovale 15 Hb AS=3 qS=.100
148 Lovale 22 Hb AS=2 qS=.045
149 Lovale 83 Hb AS=12 qS=.072
Lovale(total) 120 Hb AS=17(14.2) IqS=.071
148 Lovale(males) 5 Gd gdef=4 qdef=.800
340

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
ZAMBIA
188 Lovale West of Zambez1 River 94 Hb sickle=6(6.4) qS=.032
188 Lovale East of Zambezi River 1201 Hb 1 sickle=20(16.7) qS=.083
188 Lovale from Angola
441
Hb 1 sickle=5(11.4) qS=.057
120 Lovale, Lunda, Kaonde 361 Hb sickle=46(12.7) qS=.064
Nkoya, Barotse
148 Chokwe(males) 51 Gd I gdef=1 I qdef=.200
148 Chokwe 61 Hb 1 AS=1 qS=.083
149 Chokwe 42 Hb AS=7 qS=.083
Chokwe(total) 48 Hb AS=8(16.7) qS=.083
148 Lunda(West Lunda) 4 Gd gdef=O
(males)
148 Lunda(West Lunda)
Hb 1 AS=2 I qS=. 143
688 Lunda 1:I Hb A"12 qA= 1.00
149 Lunda 1941 Hb I AS=38 qS=.100
Lunda(total) 213
1
341
Hb 1 AS=40(18.8) qS=.094
148 Kaonde(males) 161 Gd gdef=36(22.4) qdef=.224
688 Kaonde 691 Hb 1 AS=12 qS=.087
148 Kaonde 3191 Hb I AS=84 1 qS=.132
149 Kaonde 4521 Hb I AS=84 qS=.093
Kaonde(total) 840 Hb AS=180(21.4) qS".107
188 Kaounde Lunda Boma, Balovale District 349 Hb sickle"47(13.5) qS".067
188
188
Kaounde Lunda
Kaounde Lunda
Southeast of Boma
Manyinga River
38
140
Hb sickle=5(13.2)
sickle=18(12.9)
Hb I
qS=.066
qS=.064
188 Kaounde Lunda North of Boma 94 Hb sickle=15(16.0) qS=.080
1
188 Other Bantu Balovale District 411 Hb 1 sickle=6(14.6) qS=.073
688 Lamba 141 Hb 1 AS=1 qS=.036
149 Lamba 2991 Hb 1 AS=73 I qS=.122

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FRE.QUENCIES
ZAMBIA
Lamba( tota1 ) 313 Hb AS=74(23.6) I qS=.118
149 Lima 29 Hb AS=6(20.7) qS=. 103
148 Lima Lamba 158 Hb AS=29(18.4) qS=.092
148 Lima Lamba(males) 89 Gd gdef=12(13.5) qdef=.135
148 Ushi 5 Hb AS=2 qS=.200
688 Ushi 31 Hb 1 AS=1 qS=.167
149 Ushi 3701 Hb AS=81 qs>. 109
Ushi( tota1 ) 3781 Hb I AS=84(22.2) qS = . 111
148 Ushi(males) 2 Gd gdef=O
149 Unga, Seba 14 Hb AS=1(7.1) I qS=.036
149 Chisinga 275 Hb AS=67(24.4) qS=.122
148 Kabende(males) 27 Gd gdef=11(40.7) qdef=.407
148 Kabende 139 Hb AS=35 qS=.126
149 Kabende 401 Hb 1 AS=14 qS=.175
Kabende(total) 179
149 Luwunda 89 1 Hb AS=24(27.0) qS=.135
342
Hb 1 AS=49(27.4) qS=.137
149 Mukulu 821 Hb 1 AS=17(20.7) qS=.104
149 Ngumbo 449
1
Hb 1 AS=80(17.8) qS=.089
148 Luano 129 Hb AS=42 qs>. 163
149 Luano 81 Hb 1 A=8 qA= 1.00
Luano(total) 137 Hb AS=42(30.7) qS=.153
148 Luano(males) 69 Gd gdef=12(17.4) qdef=.174
688 Swaka 18 Hb AS=7 qS=.194
149 Swaka 1191 Hb I AS=30 qS=.126
Swaka(total) 137
1
Hb 1 AS=37(27.0)
qS=.135
688 Lala 20 Hb AS=2 qS=.050

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
I I I
ZAMBIA
149 Lala 115 Hb AS=144 qS=.101
Lala(total) 135 Hb AS=146(19.9) qS=.099
190 Lala Serenje Distrfct 308 Hb sfckle=42(13.6) qS=.068
148 Bemba(males) 51 Gd gdef=11(33.3) qdef=.333
148 Bemba 76 Hb AS=15 qS=.099
688 Bemba 352 Hb AS=48 qS=.068
149 Bemba 2461 Hb AS=520 qS=. 105
Bemba(total) 2895 Hb AS=583(20. 1) qS=.101
148 Bfsa(males) 54 Gd gdef=5(9.3) qdef=.093
148 Bfsa 71 Hb AS=12 qS=.084
688 Bfsa 23 Hb AS=1 qS=.022
149 Bisa 463 Hb AS=86 qS=.093
Bfsa(total) 551 Hb AS=99(11.8) qS=.089
349 Bemba-Bisa 31 Hb sfckle=10(17.0) qS=.135
120 Bfsa, Bemba, Lima, 136 Hb sickle=124(16.8) qS=.084
Lala, Lamba
688 Kunda 40 Hb AS=8 qS=.100
149 Kunda 60 Hb AS=9 qS=.075
Kunda(total) 100 Hb AS=17(17.0) qS=.085
148 luapula(East Lunda) 45 Gd gdef=3(6.1) qdef=.061
(males)
148 Luapula(East Lunda) 76 Hb AS=20(26.3) qS= .132
148 Lungu(males) 5 Gd gdef=1 qdef=.200
688 Lungu 5 Hb AS=1 qS=.100
148 Lungu 15 Hb AS=7 qS=.233
149 Lungu 122 Hb AS=26 qS=. 101
Lungu(total) 142 Hb AS=34(23.9) qS=.120
343

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
I I I
ZAMBIA
148 Tabwa 14 Hb AS=3 qS=.107
688 Tabwa 2 Hb A=2 qA= 1.00
149 Tabwa 80 Hb AS=16 qS=. 100
Tabwa(total) 96 Hb AS=19(19.8) qS=.099
148 Tabwa(males) 6 Gd gdef=4 qdef=.667
688 Nsenga 397 Hb AS=43 qS=.054
149 Nsenga 575 Hb AS=92 qS=.080
Nsenga(total) 972 Hb AS=135(13.9) qS=.069
189 Senga(Nsenga) 169 Hb sickle=32(18.9) qS=.095
2171 Nsenga(anemic) Petauke 100 Hb sickle=2(2.0) qS= .010
688 Chewa 283 Hb AS=27 qS=.048
149 Chewa 371 Hb AS=58 qS=.078
Chewa(total) 654 Hb AS=85(13.0) qS=.065
688 Ngoni 233 Hb AS=28 qS=.060
149 Ngoni 342 Hb AS=50 qS=.07?
Ngoni(total) 575 Hb AS=78(13.6) qS=.068
349 Ngon i (Angon i ) 226 Hb sickle=14 qS=.031
189 Ngoni 359 Hb sickle=33 qS=.046
Ngoni(total) 585 Hb slckle=47(8.0) qS=.040
149 Senga 165 Hb AS=31(18.8) qS=.094
349 Senga 82 Hb sickle=18(22.0) qS=.110
149 Tumbuka-Fungwe 422 Hb AS=57 qS=.068
688 Tumbuka 145 Hb AS=16 qS=.055
Tumbuka(total) 567 Hb AS=73(12.9) qS=.064
189 Tumbuka 501 Hb I sickle=6(12.0) qS=.060
149 Lambya 521 Hb I AS=8(15.4) qS=.077
344

REF.
NO. POPULATION
ZAMBIA
688 Mambwe
149 Mambwe
Mambwe(total)
688 Namwanga
149 Namwanga
Namwanga(total)
149 Nkonde
688 Nyika
149 Nyika
Nyika(total)
120 Namwanga, Mambwe.
Tumbuka, Chewa, Kunda
Nsenga, Senga, Ngoni
PLACE
189 "Coloureds" Chipata
149 Other tribes
688 Other tribes
146 Zambians(patients)
146 Zambians(cord blood)
210 Zambians Lusaka
616 Zambians Nchelenge, Luapula Provo
1113 Zambians(asthmatics) Ndola
1113 Zambians Kampumbu village
673 Bantu Mineworkers
RWANDA
2032 Tutsi
200 Tutsi refugees
Paris
Uganda
345
NUMBER
TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS
33
133
166
16
452
468
30
2
13
15
1862
83
Hb
Hb
Hb
Hb
Hb
Hb
Hb
Hb
Hb
Hb
Hb
Hb
1611 Hb
481 Hb
173041 HbTh
6221 Th
2021 Hb
4241 Hb
1291 HbGd
6231 HbGd
7i7 Hb
591 HbTh
4501 Hb
AS=i3
AS=25
AS=38(22.9)
AS=3
AS=87
AS=90(19.2)
AS=4(13.3)
A=2
AS=1
AS=1(6.7)
sickle=193(10.4)
sickle=4(4.8)
AS=25(15.5)
AS=8(16.7)
AH=1, S=69(0.4), AS=3308(19. I), SD=1,
AJ1=1. AJ2=7
Barts=40(6.4)
sickle=11(5.4)
AS=70(16.5)
AS=22(17.1), gdef=18(14.0)
AS=103(16.5), S=1(0.2), gdef=86(13.8)
sickle=128(17.9)
A2=0/F=5/A2F=0(8.5), AS=1(1.7)
sickle=3(0.7)
GENE
FREQUENCIES
qS=.197
qS=.094
qS=.114
qS=.094
qS=.096
qS=.096
qS=.067
qA= 1.00
qS=.038
qS=.033
qS=.052
qS=.024
qS=.078
qS=.083
qS= . 100
qJ2=.0002
qaTh=.032
qS=.027
qS=.083
qS=.085
qS=.084
qS=.089
qS=.008
qbTh=.042
qS=.003

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
RWANDA
527 Tutsi Paris 12.1 HbTh I AS=3(2.4), A2=0
C012
922
761
Tutsi
Tutsi
Rwanda 2941 Hb 1 sickle=4(1.4)
sickle=6(0.65)
911I Hb I
qS=.007
qS=.0033
761 Tutsi(males) 34B Gd gdef=5( 1.43) qdef=.0143
1415 Tutsi Bujumbura 187
1
346
Hb 1 sickle=9(4.8) qS=.024
1415 Tutsi(males) BUjumbura 187 Gd gdef=13(7.0) qdef=.070
922 Hutu Rwanda 4031 Hb 1 sickle=21(5.2) qS=.026
2032 Hutu Paris 311 HbTh I A2=0/F=O, AS=5(16.1) qS=.081
527 Hutu Paris 1281 HbTh 1 AS=15(11.7), A2=0 qS=.059
, 183 Hutu from Rwanda Uganda 496 Hb sickle=40(8.1) qS=.040
1110 Hutu from Rwanda Uganda 17 Gd gdef=2( 11.8) qdef=.118
(males)
204 Hutu and Tutsi Butare 1000 Hb sickle=25(2.5) qS=.013
1265 Rwandans(males) Uganda 133 Gd gdef=4(3.0) qdef=.030
2046 Rwandans Uganda 271
Hb
sickle=12(4.4)
1
qS=.022
922 Batwa Rwanda and Burundi 141 Hb sickle=4(2.8) qS=.042
1
1457 Tutsi Rwanda and Burundi 3061 Hb 1 AS=2(0.7) qS=.003
1415 Hutu Rwanda and Burundi 99 Hb sickle=5(5.1) qS=.025
1415 Hutu(males) Rwanda and Burundi 99 Gd gdef=6(6.1) qdef=.061
BURUNDI
922 Hutu Burundi 395 Hb sickle=47(11.9) qS=.059
761 Hutus(Bantus) 1404 Hb sickle=180(12.82) qS=.0640
761 Hutus(Bantus)(males) 529 Gd gdef=53( 10.01) qdef=.1001
1183 Hutu from Burundi Uganda 1081 Hb I slckle=21( 19.4) qS=.097
923 Tutsi Burundi 2641 Hb I sickle=4(1.5) qS=.008
761 Tutsi 12751 Hb I sickle=38(2.98) qS=.0149

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
I I I
BURUNDI
761 Tutsi(males) 626 Gd gdef=17(2.71) qdef=.0271
922 Bamosso Malagarasi River, Burundi 478 Hb sickle=124(25.9) qS=.130
1457 Imbo Ruzizi River, Burundi 328 Hb AS=62(18.9) qS=.094
761 Zairians(Bantus) 281 Hb sickle=58(20.64) qS=.1030
761 Zairians(Bantus) 106 Gd gdef=12(11.32) qdef=.1132
(males)
UGANDA
1047 Ugandans Kasangati 87 Hb AS=17(19.5) qS".100
881 Ugandans(pregnant) 1320 Hb S=1(O.O, AS=299(22.7) qS=.114
1258 Ugandans(males) Kabale District 180 Gd gdef=5(2.8) qdef=.028
1258 Ugandans(males) Mbarara District 100 Gd gdef=9(9.0) qdef=.090
1258 Ugandans(males) Fort Portal District 100 Gd gdef= 11( 11.0) qdef=.110
1258 Ugandans(males) Bundebugyo Area, Fort 65 Gd gdef=12(18.5) qdef=.185
Portal District
1258 Ugandans(males) Mbale District 100 Gd gdef=14(14.0) qdef=.140
1258 Ugandans(males) Soroti District 100 Gd gdef=13(13.0) qdef=.130
1258 Ugandans(males) Moroto District 60 Gd gdef=8(13.3) qdef=.133
1258 Ugandans(males) Gulu District 100 Gd gdef=12(12.0) qdef=.120
1258 Ugandans(males) Arua District 67 Gd gdef=6(9.0) qdef=.090
2046 Luo 490 Hb sickle=101 qS=. 103
1183 Luo 130 Hb slckle=37 qS=.142
Luo(total) 620 Hb sickle=138(22.3) qS=.111
1265 Luo(males) 45 Gd gdef=3 qdef=.067
1110 Luo(males) 19 Gd gdef=2 qdef=.105
347
Luo(males)(total) 64 Gd gdef=5(7.8) qdef=.078
1110 Luo(Padhola)(males) 48 Gd gdef=14(29.2) qdef=.292
1183 Gisu(Bag1shu) 207 Hb sickle=62(30.0) qS=.150

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
UGANOA
1110 Gisu(males) 25 Gd gdef=4(16.0) I qdef=.160
994 Soga Senda, Tororo Province 339 Hb sickle=69(20.3) qS=.102
1183 Soga(Basoga) 241 Hb sickle=70(29.0) IqS=. i45
1110 Soga, Nyuli, Gwere, 43 Gd gdef=7 qdef=.163
Kenyi (rna 1es)
1698 Soga(males) 4 Gd gdef=1 qdef=.250
1265 Soga(males) i4 Gd gdef=1 qdef=.071
348
Soga(males)(total) 61 Gd gdef=9(i4.7) qdef=.147
1183 Kenyi (Bakenyi) 88 Hb sickle=23(26.1) qS=.131
2046 Ganda 1711 Hb sickle=288 qS=.OB4
1183 Ganda(Baganda) 740 Hb sickle=141 qS=.095
66 Ganda(Baganda) Kampala 334 Hb sickle=65 qS=.097
Ganda ( tota1 ) 2785 Hb sickle=494(17.7) qS=.089
1265 Ganda(males) 424 Gd gdef=53 qdef=.125
68 Ganda(males) Kampala 40 Gd gdef=6 I qdef=.150
1110 Ganda(males) 39 Gd gdef=6 I qdef=. 154
Ganda(males)(total) 503 Gd gdef=65(12.9) I qdef=.129
68 Ganda(females) Kampala 46 Gd gdef=5(10.9)
1936 Ugandans(mostly Kyadondo County, Kampala 289 Hb AS=44(15.22) I qS=.0761
Ganda) (pregnant) District
1110 Ugandans(females) 164 Gd gdef=O
995 Ganda Kampala 3362 Hb S=3(0.1), AS=542( 16.1) qS=.082
1660 Indians Kampala 500 Hb AD=4, Au=1 qD=.004
qd=.001
1110 Bantu Ugandans(males) 14 Gd gdef=2 qdef=.143
66 Hutu Kisoro 135 Hb sickle=4(3.0) I qS=.148
66 Twa Kisoro 331 Hb I sickle=O

REF . NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
UGANDA
66 Chlga Kabale 206 Hb slckle=2(1.0) I qS=.005
1009 Chlga Kayonza District, Klgezi 843 Hb sickle=34(4.0) I qS=.020
1265 Klga(males) 54 Gd gdef=1 qdef=.Oi8
1110 Klga(males) 11 Gd gdef=O
349
Klga(males)(total) 65 Gd gdef=1(1.5) I qdef=.015
66 Iru Mbarara 127 Hb slckle=7 qS".028
1183 Iru 139\ Hb \ slckle=3 qS".011
Iru(total) 266
1
Hb 1 slckle=10(3.8) qS".019
66 Hlma West Ankole 134 Hb slckle=3 qS" .011
1183 Hima 1661 Hb I sickle=4 1 qS".012
Hima(total) 3001 Hb I slckle=7(2.3) qS".012
1110 Nkole(males) 10 Gd gdef=O
1265 Nkole(males) 63 Gd gdef=2 qdef=.032
Nkole(males)(total) 73 Gd gdef=2(2.7) qdef=.027
66 Konjo Kichwamba and Kisomoro 124 Hb .sickle=12 qS=.048
1183 Konjo 102 Hb sickle=18 qS=.088
Konjo(total) 226 Hb slckle=30(13.3) qS=.066
66 Amba Bundibugyo 220 Hb sickle=86 qS=.195
1183 Amba 140 Hb sickle=63 qS=.225
1184 Amba 5031 Hb 1 slckle=191 I qS=.190
Amba(total) 863 Hb sickle=340(39.4) qS=.197
1183 Toro 120 Hb slckle=15(12.5) qS=.062
1265 Toro(males) 35 Gd gdef=3 qdef=.086
1110 Toro(males) 8 Gd gdef=1 qdef=.125
Toro(males)(total) 43 Gd gdef=4(8.9) qdef=.089
1183 Nyoro 91 Hb slckle=11( 12.1) qS=.060

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
UGANDA
1265 Nyoro(males) 18 Gd gdef=2(11.1) Iqdef=.lll
1183 Lango 278 Hb sickle=75(27.0) qS=.135
740 Lango Tor1t 30 Hb sickle=H3.3) IqS= .017
1110 Lango(males) 36 Gd gdef=5(13.9) qdef=.139
66 Teso Kampala 81 Hb sickle=12(14.8) qS=.074
1183 Teso 416 Hb sickle=74(17.8) qS=.089
1265 Teso(males) 21 Gd gdef=2 qdef=.095
1110 Teso(males) 142 Gd gdef=28 qdef=.197
350
Teso(males)(total) 163 Gd gdef=30( 18.4) qdef=.184
1110 Kuman(males) 19 Gd gdef=3(15.8) qdef=.158
1183 Sebei 124 Hb sickle=1(0.8) qS"'.004
1183 Suk 128 Hb sickle=5(3.9) qS"'.020
63 Karamojong Moroto 53 HbTh A2=0. F"'O. AG= 1 qG"'.009
1183 Karamojong 156 Hb sickle=5(3.2) I qS"'.016
1173 Karamojong Lutomi Kraal 53 Hb sickle=46(86.8) I qS=.434
1008 Karamojong 637 Hb sick 1e= 12 ( 1 .9) qS=.009
63 Labwor 14 HbTh A2=O. F=O. AS=3(21.4) I qS=. 107
1110 Karamajong. Sebei. 24 Gd gdef=2(8.3) qdef=.083
Nandi(males)
63 Other Tribes Northeast Uganda 42 HbTh A2"'0. F=O. AS"'3(7.1) qS=.036
1183 Acholi 141 Hb sickle"'38(27.0) qS=.135
740 Achol i Torit 54 Hb sickle=6(11.1) qS=.056
1010 Northern Acholi Gulu to Sudan Border 380 Hb sickle=58(15.3) qS=.076
1265 Acholi(males) 23 Gd gdef=2 qdef=.087
1110 Achol i(males) 10 Gd gdef'" 1 qdef=.100
Acholi(males)(total) 33 Gd gdef =3 (9. 1 ) qdef=.091

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED
,J
SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
UGANDA
1183 Alur Hb I slckle=29(25.4) qS=.127
1183
66
Jonam
Madi Kampala
1091
62
Hb 1 sickle=28(25.7)
sickle=14(22.6)
Hb I
qS=.128
qS=.113
1183 Madi 1091 Hb sickle=3(2.8) qS=.014
66 Lugbara Kampala 76 Hb sickle=18(23.7) qS= .118
1183 Lugbara 120 Hb sickle=25(20.8) qS= . 104
1011 Lugbara Aringa District 473 Hb sickle=9(1.9) qS= .010
1110 Lugbara. Madi. Alur 13 Gd gdef=1(7.7) qdef=.077
(males)
1179 Lango Lango District 139 Hb sickle=41( 29.5) I qS=.147
1179 Bagishu Bugisho District 155 Hb sickle=36( 23. 2) qS=. 116
1179 Ugandans MWiri 240 Hb sickle=70(29.2) qS=.146
1183 Kakwa 101 Hb sickle=25(24.8) qS=. 124
1179 Ugandans Makerere 1491 Hb 1 sickle=33(22.1) qS=.111
TANZANIA
1376 Nyambo(Iramba) Karagwe District 478 Hb sickle=62(13.0) I qS=.065
1376 Nyarwanda(Nyamwezi) Karagwe District 59 Hb sickle=8(13.6)
I qS=.068
66 Kuria Busigire. Musoma District 102 Hb sickle=28(27.5) qS=.137
66 Kwaya Busigire. Musoma District 107 Hb sickle=33(30.8) J qS=. 154
66 Simbiti Kanesi. Musoma District 126 Hb sickle=51(40.5) I qS=.202
66 Jita Ukerewe. Musoma District 124 Hb sickle=36(29.0) 1 qS=. 145
66 Zanaki Busegwe. Musoma District 104 Hb sickle=37(35.6) I qS=.178
66 Kizu Ikizu. Musoma District 52 Hb sickle=15(28.8) I qS=.144
67 Bantu Musoma District 654 Hb 5=5(0.8). AS=249(38.1) I qS=.198
66 Sukuma Mwanza 175\ Hb 1 sickle=47(26.9) I qS=.134
1376 Zinza Mwanza 121 Hb I sickle=2(16.7) qS=.083
351

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
I I I
TANZANIA
1376 Haya 17 Hb sickle=2(11.8) qS=.059
1·376 Subi 20 Hb sickle=3(15.0) qS=.075
1376 Ndongereko 18 Hb sickle=4(22.2) qS=.lll
1376 Rufiji 18 Hb sickle=4(22.2) qS= . 111
528 Tanzanians(children) Mwanza ? Hb sickle cell anernia=(1.0)
66 I

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
I I I
TANZANIA
827 Nyaturu(males) Kondoa-Irang District 114 Gd GdA=12(10.53)i GdB=90(78.95) I qGdA-=. 1053
Central Tanzania GdA-=12(10.53) qGdA=.1053
827 Nyaturu(females) Kondoa-Irang District 93 Gd GdA=13(13.98), GdB=74(79.57), GdAB=2(2.15)
Central Tanzania GdA-=4(4.30)
1292 Masai Ulanga District 8 Hb AS=l qS=.062
1292 Bantu Ulanga District 1109 Hb S=2(0.2), AS=222(20.0) qS=.102
1292 Bantu(males) Ulanga District 409 Gd gdef=59(14.4) qdef=.144
1292 Bantu(fema1es) Ulanga District 701 Gd gdef=70(10.0)
1292 Bantu Ifakara Valley, Ulanga 404 Hb AS=89(22.0) I qS=. 110
District
1292 Bantu(males) Ifakara Valley, Ulanga 109 1 Gd 1 gdef=20(18.3) I qdef=. 183
District
1292 Bantu Mounta1n Villages, Ulanga 173 1 Hb I AS=18(10.4) I qS=.052
District
1292 Bantu(males) Mountain Villages, Ulanga 591 Gd I gdef=5(8.5) I qdef=.085
District
1376 Zaramo Coastal Districts 53 Hb sickle=10(18.9) qS=.094
.
1175 Bantu Dar Es Salaam 104 Hb AS=12(11.5) qS=.058
888 Bantu Dar Es Salaam 156 Gd gdef=16(10.3)
66 Sambaa Amanl, Tanga District 103 Hb sickle=9(8.7) qS=.044
68 Sambaa(males) Tanga District 29 Gd gdef=6(20.7) qdef=.207
68 Sambaa(females) Tanga District 33 Gd gdef=5(15.2)
66 Zigua Tanga District 57 Hb sickle=8(14.0) qS=.070
68 Zigua(males) Tanga District 26 Gd gdef=6(23.1) qdef=.231
68 Zlgua(females) Tanga District 29 Gd gdef=4(13.8)
66 Bondei Tanga District 81 Hb sickle=23(28.4) qS=.142
68 Bondei (males) Muheza 121 Gd gdef=33 qdef=.273
73 Bondei(males) Tanga District 424 Gd gdef=105 qdef=.248
353
Bondei(males)(total) 545 Gd gdef=138(25.3) qdef=.253

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
I I I
TANZANIA
68 Bondei(females) Muheza 124 Gd gdef=24
73 Bondei(females) Tanga District 452 Gd gdef=121
Bondei(females) 576 Gd gdef=145(25.2)
(total)
740 Digo(Nyika) Msambweni 50 Hb sickle=11 qS=.110
66 Digo(Nyika) Tanga District 66 Hb sickle=18 qS=.136
Digo(Nyika)(total) 116 Hb sickle=29(25.0) qS=.125
68 Digo(Nyika)(males) Tanga District 26 Gd gdef=6(23.1) qdef=.231
68 Digo(Nyika)(females) Tanga District 33 Gd gdef=6(18.2)
740 Duruma(Nyika) Msambweni 68 Hb sickle=7 qS=.051
1403 Duruma(Nyika) Msambweni 302 Hb sickle=31 qS=.05i
Duruma(Nyika)(total) Msambweni 370 Hb sickle=38(10.3) qS=.051
66 Pare Same 54 Hb sickle=4(7.4) qS=.037
1179 Tanzanians Mpwapwa 150
1
354
Hb 1 sickle=54(36.0) qS=.360
1118 Tanzanians(pregnant) Mubeza. Bondei Country 35 Hb AS=7(20.0) qS=.100
(no Rx for malar1a)
1118 Tanzanlans(pregnant) Mubeza. Bondel Country 241 Hb I AS=7(29.17) I qS=. 1458
(Rx for malar1a)
1468 Tanzanians(wi th Dar e s Sa Iaam 543/ Gd / gdef=106(19.52)
normal Hb)
1468 Tanzanians(wi th Dar es Salaam 931 Gd / gdef=13(13.98)
HbAS)
1470 Tanzanians(cord Dar es Salaam 325 Th Barts=37(11.38) I qaTh=.0569
bloods)
1376 Bantu Dar Es Salaam 300 Hb sickle=50(16.7) IqS=.083
1471 Tanzanians Dar Es Salaam 2151 HbTh I F=5(2.3). AS=27(12.6) qbTh=.012
qS=.063
1471 Tanzanians(pregnant) Dar Es Salaam 186 Hb AS=31( 16.7) qS= .083
1097 Tanzanians(blood Dar es Salaam 636 Gd gdef=119(18.71). AS=93(14.6) qdef=.1871
bloods)(males) qS=.073

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
I I I
TANZANIA
494 Zanzibaris Kiboje District 86 Hb sickle=2(2.3) qS=.012
494 Zanzibaris Uroa District 107 Hb sickle=4(3.7) qS=.019
494 Zanzibaris Kisimkazi District 178 Hb sickle=7(3.9) qS=.020
494 Zanzibaris Bwefum District to i Hb sickle=5(5.0) qS=.025
494 Zanzibaris Jambiani District 182 Hb sickle=11(6.0) q5=.030
494 Zanzibaris Paje District 181 Hb sick 1e= 11(6. 1 ) qS=.030
494 Zanzibaris Makunduchi District 233 Hb sickle=18(7.7) qS=.039
494 Zanzibaris Uguja Ukuu District 180 Hb sickle=15(8.3) q5=.042
494 Zanzibaris Kombeni District 157 Hb sickle=14(8.9) q5=.045
494 Zanzibaris Muyuni District 160 Hb sickle=17(10.6) qS=.053
494 Zanzibaris Umbuji District 124 Hb sickle=14(11.3) q5=.056
494 Zanzibaris Kinyasini District 205 Hb sickle=28(13.7) qS=.068
494 Zanzibaris Chaani District 136 Hb sickle=20(14.7) qS=.073
KENYA
729 Bantu Taveta 669 Hb 5=5(0.7), 11.5=214(32.0) q5= . 167
740 Pare Taveta 40 Hb sickle=2(5.0) q5=.025
740 Taveta Taveta 154 Hb sickle=37(24.0) qS=.120
648 Taveta Infants Taveta 52 Hb 11.5=10(19.2) q5=.096
740 Teita Wesu, Teita Hills 127 Hb sickle=O
740 Kambe(Nyika) Ribe 78 Hb sickle=27 qS=.173
1403 Kambe(Nyika) Ribe 220 Hb sickle=75 qS=.170
Kambe(Nyika)(total) Ribe 298 Hb sickle=102(34.2) qS=.171
740 Ribe(Nyika) Ribe 50 Hb sickle=13(26.0) qS=.130
740 Rabai (Nyika) Rabai 48 Hb sickle=5(10.4) qS=.052
740 Jibana(Nyika) Kaloleni 119 Hb sickle=16(13.4) qS=.067
740 Chonyi(Nyika) Kaloleni 90 Hb sickle=23(25.6) qS=.128
355

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO_._POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
KENYA
740 Giryama and Kauma Ganda. Ki 1 i f i . Jarabuni 391 Hb 1 sickle=4(10.3) I qS=.051
(Nyika)
740 Giryama Mal indi 150 Hb sickle=16( 10.7) IqS=.053
68 Giryama(males) Mal indi 101 Gd gdef=17(16.8) qdef=.168
68 Giryama(females) Mal indi 65 Gd gdef=10(15.4)
1197 Giriama 150 Hb sickle"'17(11.3) qS=.057
1197 Wadigo(Digo) 291 Hb sickle=51( 17 .5) qS=.088
1197 Duruma(Ndruma) 269 Hb sickle=23(8.5) qS=.043
740 Pokomo(Ngatana) Garsen 102 Hb sickle=27(26.5) qS=.132
740 Galla Garsen 30 Hb sickle=O
740 Boni Bargoni 81 Hb sickle=O
740 Sanye Witu 61 Hb sickle=O
740 Sanye Adu 68 Hb sickle=8(11.8) qS=.059
740 Bajun Lamu 45 Hb sickle=1(2.2) qS= .011
740 Swahili Ganda 50 Hb sickle=2(4.0) qS=.020
740 Swahili Kakunyi 50 Hb sickle=5(tO.0) qS=.050
740 Arabs Malindi 61 Hb sick I e= 1 ( 1 .6) qS=.008
740 Boran Sakuya 6 Hb sickle=O
.
740 Turkana North Kenya 50 Hb sickle=O
66 Kamba Machakos 213 Hb sickle=O
740 Kamba Machakos i34 Hb sickle=2 1 qS"'.OO8
Kamba(total) Machakos 347 Hb sickle"'2(0.6) I qS"'.003
1i97 Kamba(Wakamba) 134 Hb sickle=1(0.7) IqS= .004
393 Kikuyu. Kamba. Embu. 250 Hb AS"'19(7.6) qS=.038
Meru, Chagga, Taita
1197 Kikuyu 67 Hb sick I e'" 1( 1 .5) IqS"'.007
66 Kikiyu Nairobi 227 Hb sickle=1 qS"'.002
356

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
KENYA
740 Kikiyu Nairobi 67 Hb sickle=1 qS=.007
Kikiyu(total) Nairobi 294 Hb sickle=2(0.7) qS=.003
1083 Kikuyu(Central Bantu) 400 Hb AS=1(0. 25) qS=.0012
68 Kikiyu(males) Nairobi and Naivasha 70 Gd gdef=2(2.9) qdef=.029
68 Ki k i yu(fema1es ) Nairobi and Naivasha 73 Gd gdef=2(2.7)
115 Kikuyu(males) Nairobi 40 Gd gdef= 2(5.0) I qdef=.05
740 Masai Kajiado 100 Hb sickle=O
68 Masai(males) Kajiado 59 Gd gdef =1( 1 .7) I qdef= .017
68 Masai(females) Kajiado 12 Gd gdef=O
740 Masai Narok 82 Hb sickle=O
66 Masai Magadi 104 Hb sickle=O
1197 Masai 100 Hb AS=O
393 Masa I , Nandi, 28 Hb AS=1(3.6) I qS=.018
Kalenjin
740 Kipsigi Kerlcho 100 Hb sickle=2(2.0) I qS=.010
66 Klpsigi Letain 75 Hb sickle=O
1197 Kipsigis 100 Hb sickle=2(2.0) I qS=.010
740 Gusi i Kericho 100 Hb sickle=3(3.0) qS=.015
66 Gusi i Chemagal 160
393 Luyia, Gusi i 55 1 Hb S=1, AS=5, AC=1 qS=.064
qC= .009
1
357
Hbl sickle=7(4.4)
qS=.022
740 Wanga Mumias, Kavirondo District 96
Hb
sickle=19(19.8)
1
qS=.099
740 Marama Buteri, Kavirondo District 100 Hb sickle=lO( 10.0) qS=.050
740 Kakamega Kakamega, Kavirondo 96 Hb sickle=6(6.3) qS=.031
District
740 Kitosh Bungoma, Kavirondo 100 Hb sickle=21(21.0) I qS=.105
District
740 Nyangori Kapsengeri, Kavirondo 44 Hb sickle=2(4.5) I qS=.023
District

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
KENYA
740 Nyoro Kimba, Kavirondo 100 Hb sickle=G(1.0) I qS=.030
District
740 Maragoli Majengo, Kavirondo 100 Hb sickle=9(9.0) I qS=.045
District
66 Suba Rusinga Island 173 Hb sickle=48(27.8) IqS=. 139
740 Luo South Kavirondo District 100 Hb sickle=28 qS=.140
66 Luo Kisumu 288 Hb sickle=74 qS=.128
Luo(total ) 388 Hb sickle=102(26.3) qS=.131
68 Luo(males) Nairobi and Kisumu 50 Gd gdef=14(28.0) qdef=.280
District
68 Luo(fema1es) Nairobi and Kisumu 27 Gd gdef=4( 14.8)
Oistrict
1197 Luo 293 Hb sickle=21 qS=.036
393 Luo 89 Hb AS=17 qS=.096
Luo(total) 382 Hb sickle=38(9.9) qS=.050
917 luo Yimbo Area, West 473 HbTh F=14(3.0), AS=98(20.7), AD=1 qbTh=.015
Nyanza District qS=.104
qD=.001
115 Baluhya(males) Nairobi 33 Gd gdef=4(12.1) qdef=.121
115 Luo Nairobi 122 Gd gdef=40(32.8) Iqdef=.328
115 M1j1kenda(males) Nairobi 31 Gd gdef=5(16.1) qdef= .161
1913 Kenyans Jaluo, along Lake Victoria 1011 Hb AKenya=4(0.40) I qKenya=-.0020
Western Kenya
548 Kenyans(patients 12 Gd gdef=8(66.67)
with Blackwater
fever)
548 Kenyans(Luo, Kisii. 1151 Gd I gdef=1(0.87) I qdef=.OO87
Kips ig1 s )(males)
548 Kenyans(Luo. Kisii. 5 Gd gdef=O
Klpsigis)(females)
1084 Ni lotes and Western Kenya 1800 Hb AS+SS=846(47 .0). AJNyanza=O, AOArab=1(0.06) IqOArab=.0003
Western Bantu AStanleyv111eII=5(0.28). A2'=17(O.94) qStnlyv=.0014
A2Babinga=11(0.61), A2Flatbush=1(0.OG) qA2'=.0047
358

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SVSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
KENVA
I I AKenya=13(0.72), APNilotic=1(0.06) I qBbnga=.0030
qFltbsh=.0003
qKenya=.0036
qPNilot=.0003
SUDAN
I
1515 Chadians(Koran and Khartoum sUburb 54 HbGd gdef=6( 11 .0), AS=11(20.4), AC=1(1.9) qdef=.110
Waddal)(males) qS=.102
qC=.009
1515 Hausa(from Nigeria) Blue Nile River Valley 100/ HbGd / gdef=21(21.0), AS=27(27.0), AC=1(1.0) qdef=.210
(males) qS=.135
qC= .005
740 Madi Oparl 71
1
359
Hb I sickle=13(18.3)
qS=.092
740 Kakwa Vei 76 Hb sickle=6(7.9) qS=.039
Azande 1001 Hb I sickle=18 I qS=.090
740 Azande Juba 281 Hb J sickle=3 qS=.054
Azande(total) 1281 Hb 1 sickle=21( 16.4) qS=.082
740 Longarim Wa1thit Forest 73 Hb s:ickle=1( 1.4) qs> .007
740 Longlr Walthit Forest 38 Hb slckle=O
740 Lokoya Liria 98 Hb sickle=5(5.1) I qS=.026
740 Dongotono Isoke 70 Hb slckle=O
740 Lotuko Lambalua 72 Hb sickle=O
964 Lotuko(Latuka) Equatoria Province 34 Th OsmRes= 1O( 29.4)
740 Moru Juba 71 Hb sickle=2(2.8) qS=.014
740 Mundu Vei 801 Hb I sickle=13(16.3) qS=.081
740 Baka Vei 1051 Hb I slckle=9(8.6) qS=.043
740 Kuku Vei 39 Hb sickle=3(7.7) qS=.038
740 Fadjulu(Pojulu) Lainya 100 Hb sickle=9(9.0) qS=.045
740 Bari Rejaf 100 Hb sickle=7(7.0) I qS=.035
740 Anuak Lafon 96 Hb sickle=8(8.3) qS=.042

REF.
NO. POPULATION
SUDAN
740 Mandari
PLACE
Terakeka
NUMBER
TESTED· SYSTEM RESULTS
J Hb
GENE
. FREQUENCIES
740 Mandari Tal i Post 98 Hb sickle=7(7.1) qS=.036
360
I"okle"S('7.1) Cos,
740 Nuer Adak and Ler 100 Hb sickle=1 qS=.005
1690 Nuer 100 Hb sickle=O
Nuer(total) 200
740 Shilluk Tonga 1101 Hb sickle=O
740 Shi lluk Malakal 56 Hb sickle=O
1690 Shi Iluk 271 Hb sickle=O
1690 Mabaan 34 Hb sickle=O
Hb 1 sickle=1(0.5) I qS=.003
1690 Mabaan 4 Hb A=4 I qA=1.00
1690 Dinka-Shilluk-Nuer 14 Hb sickle=O
1690 Dinka-Shilluk-Nuer 7 Hb sickle=O, A=7 I qA=1.00
1690 Northern Dinka 320 Hb sickle=O
1690 Northern Dinka 64
740 Dinka Malek 87 Hb sickle=O
1
Hb 1 A=64 I qA=1.00
740 Dinka Bor 77 Hb sickle=2(2.6) 1 qS=.013
740 Dinka Duk 22 Hb sickle=O
740 Dinka Melut 20 Hb sickle=O
740 Dinka Toich 38 Hb sickle=O
1750 Dinka(Ni lotes) 38 Gd GdA=2(5.3). GdB=33(86.6). GdA-=1(2.6) IqGdA-=.0263
(males) GdBKhartoum=2(5.3) qGdA=.053
1750 Dinka(Nilotes) 13 Gd GdAB=3(23.1), GdB=10(76.9)
(females)
1750 Shi luk(Ni lotes) 49 Gd 1 GdA=3(6. f), GdB=44(89.8). GdA-=1(2.0) I qGdA-=.020
(males) 1 GdB-=1(2.0) qGdB-=.020
qGdA=.061
I
1-750 Shi luk(Ni lotes)
201 Gd I GdA=1(5.0), GdB=19(9.50)
(females)

REF.
NO. POPULATION
SUOAN
1515 Oinka(males)
964 Dinka
964 Dinka
964 Nuer
964 Nuer
964 Shilluk
964 Murle(Morle)
964 Anuak(Angwak)
2082 All Tribes
2082 Dinka
2082 uur. Kreish(Kresh).
and Ndogo(Golo)
2082 Ndogo. Bongo, and
Ndogo(Shere)
2082 Ndogo(Bai, and
Belanda)
2084 NUbans(Nubawi)
2088 Nubans(Nubawi)
2088 Nubans(Nubawi)
2084 Dinka
2088 Dinka
2088 Dinka
Nubans(Nubawi)(total)
Dinka(total)
2084 Zaghawa(Zagawi)
2084 Tama(Tamawi)
2084 Bartawi
PLACE
Bor District
MalBkal District
Fangak District
Akobo District
Malakal
Pibor District
Akobo District
Wau. Bahr el Ghazal
Wau, Bahr el Ghazal
Wau, Bahr el Ghazal
Wau, Bahr el Ghazal
Wau, Bahr el Ghazal
El Fasher, Darfur
Omdurman
Khartoum North
El Fasher, Darfur
Omdurman
Khartoum North
El Fasher, Darfur
El Fasher. Darfur
El Fasher, Darfur
361
NUMBER
TESTEO SYSTEM
1051 HbGd
200
228
180
140
174
150
126
1252
24
57
51
132
42
21
50
113
296
30
172
Th
Th
Th
Th
Th
Th
Th
Hb
Hb
Hb
Hb
Hb
Hb
Hb
Hb
Hb
Hb
Hb
Hb
Hb
Hb
Hb
Hb
RESULTS
gdef=14(14.0). AS=8(7.7)
OsmRes=134(67.0)
OsmRes=106(46.5)
OsmRes=99(55.0)
OsmRes=63(45.0)
OsmRes=84(48.3)
OsmRes=64(42.7)
OsmRes=58(46.0)
sickle=75(6.0)
sickle=(2)
sickle=(2-5)
sickle=(5-7)
sickle=(7-12)
sickle=O
sickle=O
sickle=2
sickle=2(1.5)
sickle=l
sickle=O
sickle=l
sickle=2(1.8)
sickle=7(2.4)
sickle=1(3.3)
sickle=7(4.n
GENE
FREQUENCIES
qdef=.140
qS=.038
qS=.030
qS=.020
qS=.008
qS=.012
qS= .010
qS=.009
qS=.012
qS=.017
qS=.020

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
I I I
SUDAN
2084 Kababish(Hawwari) El Fasher. Darfur 64 Hb sickle=3(4.7) qS=.023
2084 Midobi El Fasher. Darfur 43 Hb sickle=2(4.7) qS=.023
2084 Kinani El Fasher, Darfur 21 Hb sick 1e= 1(4.8) qS=.024
2084 Shaigi El Fasher. Darfur 29 Hb sickle=l qS= .017
2088 Shaigi Omdurman 104 Hb sickle=l qS:.005
2088 Shaigi Khartoum North 104 Hb sickle=O
Shaigi(total) 237 Hb sickle=2(0.8) qS=.004
2084 Mahasi El Fasher, Darfur 27 Hb sickle=1 qS=.018
2088 Mahasi Omdurman 75 Hb sickle=O
2088 Mahasi Khartoum North 84 Hb sickle=O
Mahasi(total) 186 Hb sick le= HO. 5) qS=.003
2084 Gamai EI Fasher. Darfur 70 Hb sickle=3 qS=.021
2088 Gamai Omdurman 39 Hb sickle=1 qS=.013
Gamai(total) 109 Hb sickle=4(3.7) qS=.018
2084 Fur(Furawi) EI Fasher, Darfur 146 Hb sickle=8 qS=.022
2088 Fur(Furawi) Omdurman 17 Hb sickle=l qS=.029
2088 Fur(Furawi) Khartoum North 14 Hb sjckle=O
Fur(Furawi)(total) 171 Hb sickle=9(5.1) qS=.025
2084 Gaaliin(Gaali) El Fasher, Darfur 84 Hb sickle=6 qS=.036
2088 Gaaliin(GaaJi) Omdurman 255 Hb sickJe=2 qS=.004
2088 GaaJiin(Gaali) Khartoum North 152 Hb sickle=O
GaaJiin(Gaali)(totaJ) 491 Hb sickle=8(1.6) qS=.008
1750 Gaalin(Arab
extraction)(males)
Khartoum 208 Gd GdA=10(4.8). GdB=187(89.9). GdB(int)=3(1.4)
GdBKhartoum=2(1.0), GdA-=2(1.0)
qGdA-= .010
qGdB-=.005
GdB- =1(0 . 5 ) • Gd-=3(1.4) qGd-:.014
qGdA:.048
1750 Gaalin(Arab
extraction)(females)
Khartoum 82 Gd 1 GdA:4(4.9), GdA8=13(15.9).
GdB(int)=2(2.4)
Gd8=63(76.8)
I
1
362

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
I I I
SUDAN
1750 Gaal in(Arab Village A, Upper White 75 Gd GdA=2(2.7). GdB=72(96.0) I qGdA= .027
extraction)(males) Nile GdBKhartoum=1(1.3)
1750 Gaalin(Arab Village A. Upper White 20 Gd GdAB=2(10.0), GdB=18(90.09)
extraction)(females) Ni Ie
1750 Gaalin(Arab Village B, Upper White 461 Gd I GdA=3(6.5). GdB=43(93.5) I qGdA=.065
extraction)(males) Nile
1750 Gaa Ii n( Arab Village B, Upper White 111 Gd I GdA=1(9.1). GdB=10(90.9)
extraction)(females) Nile
1750 Gaalin(Arab Village C, Upper White 5'11 Gd I GdA=4(7.8), GdB=44(86.3), GdB(int)=1(2.0) qGdA-=.020
extraction)(males) Ni Ie GdA-=1(2,0). Gd-=1(2.0) qGd-=.020
qGdA=.078
1750 Gaalin(Arab Village C. Upper White 361 Gd I GdA=4(11.1). GdAB=2(5.6). GdB=30(83.3)
extraction)(females)
1750 Gaal in(Arab Village D, Upper White 251 Gd I GdB=24(96.0). Gd-=1(4.0) I qGd-=.0400
extraction)(males)
1750 Gaalin(Arab Village D. Upper White 40 Gd GdAB=1(2.5). GdB=37(92.5), Gd-=1(2.5)
extraction)(females) GdBKhartoum=1(2.5)
2084 Tungur(Tungurawi) El Fasher. Darfur 141 Hb sickle=11(7.8) qS=.039
2084 Sharifi El Fasher, Darfur 44 Hb sickle=4(9.1) qS=.045
2084 Darooki El Fasher. Darfur 31 Hb sickle=3(9.7) qS=.048
2084 Fezara(Zaiada) El Fasher, Darfur 31 Hb sickle=3(9.7) qS=.048
2084 Bederia(Bideri) El Fasher, Darfur 25 Hb sickle=2 qS=.040
2088 Bederia(Bideri) Omdurman 24 Hb sickle=l qS=.021
2088 Bederia(Bideri) Khartoum North 7 Hb sickle=O
Bederia(Bideri) 561 Hb 1 sickle=3(5.4) I qS= .027
(total)
2084 Oongolans(Oongolawi) El Fasher. Darfur 33 Hb sickle=3 qS=.045
2088 Dongolans(Dongolawi) Omdurman 122 Hb sickle=2 qS=.008
2088 Dongolans(Dongolawi) Khartoum North 50 Hb sickle=O
Dongolans(Dongolawi) 2051 Hb I sickle=5(2.4) I qS=.012
(total)
363

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
I I
SUDAN
2084 Mograbi El Fasher, Darfur 20 Hb sickle=2 I qS=.050
2088 Mograbi Omdurman 19 Hb sickle=O
2088 Mograbi Khartoum North 21 Hb 'sickle=O
Mograbi(total) 60 Hb sickle=2(3.3) I qS=.017
2088 Other Tribes Omdurman 653 Hb sickle=14(2.1) os> .011
2088 Other Tribes Khartoum North 5271 Hb I sickle=15(2.8) qS=.014
2084 Rayafi El Fasher. Darfur 27 Hb sickle=3(".1) qS=.056
2084 Bargawi El Fasher, Darfur 73 Hb sickle=10(13.7) qS=.068
2084 Habbania(Rizejgi) El Fasher. Darfur 63 Hb sickle=9(14.3) qS=.071
2084 Mimi (Mimawi) El Fasher. Darfur 42 Hb sfckle=6(14.3) qS=.071
2084 Falatf EI Fasher. Darfur 92
1
364
Hb sfckle=14(15.2) qS=.076
2084 Habbania(Hilbawf) El Fasher, Darfur 32 Hb sickle=5(15.6) qS=.078
2084 Barnawf El Fasher. Darfur 22 Hb sickle=4(18.2) qS=.091
2084 Kfmr(Gfmrawi) El Fasher. Darfur 36 Hb sickle=7(19.4) qS=.097
2084 Habbanfa(Taaishi) El Fasher. Darfur 29 Hb sickle=6(20.7) qS"'.103
2084 Masalit(Masalati) El Fasher. Darfur 46 Hb sickle=10(21.7) qS=.109
2084 Issirawi El Fasher, Darfur 15 Hb sickle=4(26.7) qS=.133
2084 Habbania(Habbani) El Fasher, Darfur 33 Hb sfckle=9(27.3) qS= .136
2084 Messirla(Miseiri) El Fasher, Darfur 23 Hb sickle=7(30.4) qS=.152
2084 Other Tribes El Fasher. Darfur 519 Hb sickle=31(6.0) qS=.030
1515 Central Sudanese Kalakla 100 Hb A=100 qA= 1.00
1515 Ingassena(males) 100 HbGd gdef=O. A=100 qA=1.00
1163 Miseria-Humr Babanousa. Kordofan 343 Hb sickle=49(14.3) qS=.071
1163 Mfserfa-Humr Muglad, Kordofan 203 Hb sickle=49(24.1) qS=.121
1163 Barnawi Babanousa area, Kordofan 7 Hb sickle=1 qS=.071
1163 Burtawi Babanousa area, Kordofan 7 Hb sickle=1 qS=.071

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
SUDAN
1163 Fallata Babanousa area, Kordofan 7 Hb sfckle=1 qS=.071
1163 Furawi Babanousa area, Kordofan 8 Hb sickle=3 qS=.188
1163 Gaalf Babanousa area, Kordofan 65 Hb sickle=3(4.6) qS=.023
1163 Gumrawi Babanousa area, Kordofan 2 Hb sickle=l qS=.250
1163 Hamer Babanousa area, Kordofan 15 Hb sickle=1(6.7) qS=.033
1163 Hawazma Babanousa area, Kordofan 3 Hb sickle=2 qS=.333
1163 Maal iva Babanousa area, Kordofan 10 Hb sickle=3 qS=.150
1163 Manaseer Babanousa area, Kordofan 8 Hb sickle=l qS=.062
1163 Miseria Zurug Babanousa area, Kordofan 17 Hb sickle=3(17.6) qS=.088
1163 Nubawi Babanousa area, Kordofan 26 Hb sickle=1(3.8) qS=.019
1163 Shaigi Babanousa area, Kordofan 76 Hb sickle=3(3.9) qS=.020
1163 Sharifi Babanousa area, Kordofan 5 Hb sfckle=2 qS=.200
1163 Tungurawf Babanousa area, Kordofan 3 Hb sickle=1 qS=.167
2009 Funjf 47 Gd GdA=22(46.8) , GdAB=5(10.6), GdB=12(25.5),
gdef=8(17.0)
2086 SUdanese(cord blood) 64 Th Barts=6(9.4) qaTh=.047
2086 Sudanese Khartoum 200 Th A2=12(6.0) qbTh=.030
2098 Sudanese(cord blood) Khartoum 41 Gd gdef=3(7.3) qdef=.073
(males)
2098 Sudanese(males) Khartoum 148 Gd gdef=12(8.1) qdef=.081
2086 Sudanese Khartoum 2230 Hb S=8, AS=42, AO=1 qS=.013
qO= .0002
2092 Sudanese Khartoum 9100 Hb sickle=182(2.0) qS= .010
2092 Sudanese Khartoum 9300 Hb AS=?, AO=11 qO=.0006
2086 Sudanese Children 4500 Th OsmRes=1350(30.0)
2086 Sudanese Kurmuk, Blue Nile 200 Th OsmRes=17(8.5)
2086 Sudanese Soldiers 300 Th OsmRes=71(23.7)
365

REF.
NO. POPULATION
SUOAN
2097 Greek and Greek
Cypriots
2102 Egypt i ans
2102 Egyptian Arabs
2080 Syrians
2080 Armenians
2080 Italians
2080 Indians
2080 Ethiopians
2080 Others
1741 SUdanese(males)
1749 Sudanese
1749 Sudanese
1749 Sudanese
1749 Sudanese(males)
1751 SUdanese(textile
factory workers and
clinic outpatients)
1751 SUdanese(textile
factory workers and
clinic outpatients)
(males)
1751 SUdanese(textile
factory workers and
clinic outpatients)
(fema1es)
1750 Nubians(Negroids)
(males)
1750 Nubians(Negroids)
(males)
PLACE
Khartoum
Khartoum
Khartoum
Khartoum
Khartoum
Khartoum
Khartoum
Khartoum
Khartoum
Khartoum
Nuba Mountains
Gabel Merah Mountains
Khartoum
Sudan
Khartoum
Khartoum
Khartoum
Khartoum
Omdermund
366
NUMBER
TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS
553
1416
362
85
59
31
31
12
99
Th
Th
Th
Th
Th
Th
Th
Th
Th
4141 HTGd
2371 Hb
3301 Hb
4011 Hb
2961 Gd
2941 Hb
2361 Gd
59
39
36
Gd
Gd
Gd
OsmRes=159(28.8)
OsmRes=331(23.4)
OsmRes=101(27.9)
OsmRes=10(11.8)
OsmRes=16(27.1)
OsmRes=5(16.1)
OsmRes=10(32.3)
OsmRes=4(33.3)
OsmRes=20(20.2)
GdA=27(6.5). GdB=374(90.3).
GdKhartoum=7(1.7), GdA-/GdB-/Gd-=6(1.4).
55=4(1.0), AS=18(4.3). A2=5(1.2)
AS=47(19.8)
AS=50(15.2)
AS=32(8.0)
gdef=106(35.8)
AS=25(8.50). 5=1(0.34). A2=18(6.1)
GdB=200(84.74). GdA=20(8.47)
GdB-=9(3.81), GdA-=5(2.12)
GdBKhartoum=2(0.85)
GdB=50(84.75). GdAB=4(G.78)
GdA=6(15.4). GdB=31(79.5). GdB-=2(5.1)
GdA=4(11. I), Gd8=32(88.9)
GENE
FREQUENCIES
qdef=.OI4
qS=.031
qbTh=.006
qGdA=.065
qS=.099
qS=.076
qS=.040
qdef=.358
qS=.0459
qbTh=.031
qGdA-=.0212
qGdB-=.0381
qGdA=.0847
qGdB-=.0513
qGdA=.154
qGdA=.111

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
SUDAN
1750 Nubians(Negroids) May Ext 26 Gd I GdA=3(8.3). GdB=20(76.9). GdB-=1(3.8) qGdB-=.038
(males) GdBKhartoum=1(3.8). Gd-=1(3.8) qGd-=.038
qGdA= .083
1750 Nubians(Negroids) Buri and Sahafa 22 Gd GdA=4(18.2). GdB=18(81.8) qGdA=.182
(males)
1750 Nubians(Negroids) Other Nuba local ities 53 Gd GdA=2(3.8). GdB=48(90.6). GdB-=3(5.7) I qGdB-=.05GG
(males) qGdA=.038
1750 Nubians(Negroids) Fur 28 Gd GdA=5(17.9). GdB=22(78.6) I qGdA=.179
(males) GdB( i n t ) = 1( 3.6)
1750 Nubians(Negroids) 291 Gd GdA=29( 10.0). GdB=248(85.2) qGdA-=.003
(males)(total) GdB(int)=1(0.3), GdBKhartoum=3(1.0) qGdB-=.024
GdA-=1(0.3). GdB-=7(2.4). Gd-=2(0.7) qGd-=.007
qGdA=.100
1750 Danagla(Arab 52 Gd GdA=3(5.8). GdB=44(84.6). GdB-=2(3.G) qGdB-=.036
extraction)(males) Gd-=3(5.8) qGdA=.058
1750 Danagla(Arab 20 Gd GdA=1(5.0), GdAB=5(25.0), GdB=13(G5.0)
extraction)(females) GdB( i n t ) = 1( 5 . 0 )
1750 Mahass(Arab 25 Gd GdA=3(12.0). GdB=22(88.0) I qGdA= .120
extraction)(males)
1750 Mahass(Arab 17 Gd GdAB=3(23.5). GdB=12(70.G)
extraction)(females) GdB( i nt ) = 1( 5.9)
1750 Shaygia(Arab 40 Gd GdA=1(2.5). GdB=39(97.5) I qGdA=.025
extraction)(males)
1750 Shaygia(Arab 26 Gd GdAB=2(7.7). GdB=21(80.8)
extraction)(females) GdB(int)=3(11.5)
1750 Messeria(Arab 33 Gd GdA=2(G.1). GdB=27(81.8). GdB-=2(G.11) qGdB-= .0611
extraction)(males) GdB( i n t ) =2 (G. 1 ) qGdA= .OG 11
1750 Sudanese(Arab 555 Gd GdA=28(5.0). GdB=502(90.5) qGdA-=.005
extraction)(males) GdB(int)=G(1.1). GdBKhartoum=3(0.5) qGdB-=.009
(total) GdA-=3(0.5). GdB-=5(0.9). Gd-=8(1.4) qGd-=.014
qGdA= .050
1750 SUdanese(Arab 252 Gd GdA=10(4.0). GdAB=29(11.5)
extraction)(females) GdB=204(81.0). GdB(int)=7(2.8)
(total) GdBKhartoum=1(0.4). Gd-=1(0.4)
1750 SUdanese(other 197 Gd GdA=27(13.7), GdB=155(78.7) I qGdB-=.015
tribes)(males) GdB(int)=5(2.5). GdBKhartoum=1(0.5) qGdA=.137
GdB-=3(1.5). Gd-=6(3.0)
367

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
, , I
ETHIOPIA
7 Guraghe(males) Atat. Shoa Province 108 Gd gdef=O
1185 Guraghe Atat. Shoa Province 108 HbTh F=O. A=108 I qA=1.00
7 Ga I Ia (ma Ies ) Shashamane. Arusi 110 Gd gdef=O
Province
i185 Galla Shashamane. Arusi 90 1 Th I F=O. A=O I qA= 1.00
Province
7 Amhara(males) Gondar Province 125 Gd gdef=O
1185 Amhara Gondar Province 94 Th F=O. A=94
892 Amhara Adi-Arkal. Begemdlr 156 HbTh A=156. A2=0
Province
892 Amhara Adi-Arkai. Begemdir 81( Gd I gdef=O
Province
369
I
qA= 1.00
892 Amhara(males) Adi-Arkai. Begemdir 51 1 Gd I GdA=1(1.96). GdB=49. gdef=1(1.96) I qdef=.0196
Province
892 Amhara(females) Adi-Arkai. Begemdir 15 Gd I GdB=15
Province
892 Amhara Debarech. Begemdir 158 HbTh I A=158. A2=0
Province
892 Amhara Debarech. Begemdir 561 Gd I gdef=O
Province
892 Amhara(males) Debarech. Begemdir 62/ Gd / GdA=2(2.68). GdB=60
Province
892 Amhara(females) Debarech. Begemdir 371 Gd 1 GdA=1(2.7). GdAB=2(5.4). GdB=34
Province
892 Amhara(both sexes) Adi-Arkai & Debarech. I I I qGdA=.0324
Begemdir Province
7 Southern Falasha Gondar Province 147 1 Gd I gdef=O
(males)
1185 Southern Falasha Gondar Province 1091 HbTh 1 F=O. A=109 I qA= 1.00
7 Northern Falasha Enda Selassie. Eritrea 78 Gd gdef=O
(males)
1185 Northern Falasha Enda Selassie. Eritrea 441 Th I F=O. A=44 I qA= 1.00

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
I I T-
ETHIOPIA
1419 Kunama(females) Northwest Eritrea 491 Gd I gdef=1(2.04)
1419 Baria Northwest Eritrea 50 HbTh AS=O, A2=1/F=1i(24.0)
1419 Baria Northwest Eritrea 35 Hb sickle=O
1419 Baria(males) Northwest Eritrea 126 Gd gdef=5(3.97)
SOMALIA
1174 Somal is 50
Hb I 1
sickle=O
740 Ajuran Somali 14 Hb sickle=O
740 Digodia Somali 201 Hb 1 sickle=O
740 Ogadein Somali 161 Hb 1 sickle=O
835 Tumaal and Midgaan 541 Hb I sickle=O
Castes of Somali
835 Noble Caste of Somali 1000 Hb sickle=O
1247 Bedouin Inland Socotra 99 Hb A=99
525 Somali Paris 82 HbTh A=82, A2=O, F=O
DJIBOUTI
735 Afars Djibouti 2601 Hb I sickle=O
736 Issa Somali 264 Hb sickle=O
736 Gadaboursi Somali 150 Hb sickle=O
SEYCHELLE ISLANDS
371
I qbTh=.120
I qdef=.0397
I
qA= 1.00
1933 Seychelles Islanders 5587 Hb sickle=82(1.5) I qS=.007
738 Seychelles Islanders Mahe 2376 Hb sickle=(2.0)
2165 Islanders Victoria, Mahe 161 Hb AS=1(0.62) qS=.0031
2165 Islanders(males) Victoria, Mahe 86 Gd GdA-=9( 10.46), GdA=7(8. 14), GdB=70( 81.40) qGdA - = . 1046
qGdA=.0814
2165 Islanders(females) Victoria. Mahe 751 Gd I GdA-=2(2.67), GdA=2(2.67). GdAB=11(14.67)
GdB=60(80.0)

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
COMORO ISLANOS
391 Comoro Islanders 21 Hb sickle=O. A=2 qA= 1.00
1904 Comoro Islanders 126 Hb sickle=-6 qS=.024
Comoro Islanders 128 Hb sickle=6(4.7) qS=.023
(total)
2032 Comoro Islanders 17 Hb A=17 qA=1.00
2032 Comoro Islanders 13 Th A2=0/F=0
1360 Comorians Moroni 204 Gd gdef=16(7.8)
1360 Comorians Moroni 1041 Hb AS=1(0.96) I qS=.0048
MADAGASCAR
464 St. Mary's Islanders 2471 Hb 1 sickle=26(10.5) I qS=.053
1682 Saint-Mariens(males) Eastern Region 2 Gd gdef=O
2032 Merina 345 Hb AS=8(2.3) qS=.012
2032 Merina 300 Th A2=2/F=9/A2F=0(3.7) qbTh=.018
527 Merina Paris 722 HbTh AS=10( 1 .4) . A2"1(O.1) qS=.007
qbTh=.0007
527 non-Mer ina Paris 134 HbTh AS=19(14.2). A2=0 qS=.071
392 Other Lowland tribes 7 Hb AS=1 qS=.071
392 Other Plateau tribes 7 Hb A=7 qA=1.00
1904 Merina 1004 Hb slckle=33 qS=.016
391 Merina 81 Hb sickle=3 qS=.018
1796 Merina 775 Hb sickle=27 qS= .017
Merina(total) 1860 Hb sickle=63(3.4) qS=.017
612 Merina(males) 81 Gd gdef=8(9.9) qdef=.099
1682 Merina(males) Central Region 177 Gd gdef=15(B.5) qdef=.OB5
391 Tsimihety 19 Hb sick 1e=O. A=19 qA=1.00
1904 Tsimihety 43 Hb sickle=7 qS=.081
Tsimihety(total) 62 Hb sickle=7(11.3) I qS=.056
372

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
MADAGASCAR
2032 Tsimihety 20 Hb AS=4(20.0) I qS=.100
2032 Tsimihety 12 Th A2=0/F=0
612 Tsimihety(males) 22 Gd gdef=6(27.3) I qdef=.273
1682 Tslmlhety(males) Western Reg10n 8 Gd gdef=3(37.5) qdef=.375
391 Sianaka 7 Hb sickle=O. A=7 qA= 1.00
1904 Sianaka 451 Hb I sickle=3 qS=.033
Sianaka(total) 52 Hb sickle=3(5.8) qS=.029
1682 Sihanaka(males) 35 Gd gdef=7(20.0) qdef=.20
391 Antaimoro 13 Hb sickle=4. AS=4 :qS=.143
1904 Antaimoro 13
Hb I 1
sickle=O
852 Antaimoro 148 Hb sickle=27 qS=.091
Antaimoro(total) 174 Hb sickle=31( 17.8) qS=.089
612 Antaimoro(males) 9 Gd gdef=O
1682 Antaimoro(males) Eastern Region 15 Gd gdef=2(13.3) 1 qdef=.133
1796 Antaimoro Vohipeno 230 Hb sickle=47(20.4) qS=.102
1796 Antaimoro Manakara 185 Hb sickle=43(23.2) qS=.116
1796 Others Manakara 2901 Hb 1 sickle=58(20.0) qS=. 100
1796 Antaimoro Manamjary 64 Hb sickle=14(21.9) qS=.109
1796 Others Manamjary 324 Hb sickle=31(9.5) I qS=.048
852 Antambohoaka 122 Hb sickle=21 qS=.086
391 Antambohoaka 1 Hb sickle=O. A=1 qA= 1.00
Antambohoaka(total) 123 Hb sickle=21(17.1) qS=.085
1682 Antambahoaka(males) Eastern Region 1 Gd gdef=O
852 Antaitsimatra 100 Hb sickle=16(16.0) I qS=.080
391 Betsimisaraka 341 Hb I sickle=6, AS=6 I qS=.088
1904 Betsimisaraka 471 Hb 1 sickle=3 qS=.032
373

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
MADAGASCAR
852 Betsimisaraka 147 Hb sickle=17 qS=.05!3
Betsimisaraka(total) 228 Hb sickle=26(".4) qS=.OS7
2032 Betsimisaraka 24 Hb AS=4(16.7) qS=.083
2032 Betsimisaraka 181 Th 1 F=i{5.6) qF=.028
612 Betsimisaraka(males) 44 Gd gdef=8(18.2) qdef=.182
1682 Betsimisaraka(males) 27 Gd gdef=7(25.9) qdef=.259
391 Tanala 6 Hb sickle=O. A=6 qA= 1.00
1904 Tanala 7 Hb sickle=3 qS=.214
852 Tanala 258 Hb sickle=28 qS=.054
Tanala(total) 271 Hb sick le=31( 11.4) qS=.057
612 Tanala(males) 9 Gd gdef=3(33.3) qdef=.333
1682 Tanala(males) 5 Gd gdef=O
852 Betsileo 39 Hb sickle=4 qS=.051
391
1904
Betsileo
Betsileo
141
130
Hb I sickle=1. AS=1
sickle=6
Hb I
qS=.036
qS=.019
1796 Betsi leo
Betsileo(total)
272 1
455
Hb sickle=14
sickle=25(S.5)
Hb I
qS=.026
qS=.027
2032 Betsileo 49 Hb A=49 qA= 1.00
1
2032 Betsi leo 341 Th I A2=1/F=1/A2F=0(5.9) qbTh=.029
612 Betsileo(males) 43 Gd gdef=10(23.3) qdef=.233
1682 Betsileo(males) Central Reg10n 115 Gd gdef=19(16.5) qdef=.165
391 Bezanozano 4 Hb sickle=O. A=4 qA=1.00
1904 Bezanozano 19 Hb sickle=1 qS=.026
Bezanozano(total) 23 Hb sickle=1(4.3) qS=.022
391 Sakalava 10 Hb sickle=1. AS=1 qS=.050
1904 Sakalava 901 Hb sickle=10 qS=.056
374

REF. NUMBER \;it.Nt.
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
I I I
MADAGASCAR
Sakalava(total) 100 Hb sickle=11(11.0) qS=.055
2032 Sakalava 30 Hb AS=5(16.7) qS=.083
2032 Sakalava 20 Th A2=0/F=0
392 Sakalava Masikoro 96
1
375
Hb IAS=10( 10.4)
qS=.052
392 Sakalava Vezo 15 Hb A=15 qA= 1.00
612 Sakalava and Vezo 321 Gd I gdef=2(6.3) qdef=.063
(males)
1682 Sakalava(males) Western Region 37 Gd Igdef=4(10.8)
1
I qdef"'.108
781 Masikoro(Coastal 60 Hb sickle"'3(5.0) qS"'.025
Sakalava)
781 Vezo(Inland Sakalava) 70 Hb sickle=2(2.9) qS"'.014
1682 Vezo(males) Western Region 9 Gd gdef=2(22.2) qdef"'.222
1796 Sakalava Morondava 601 Hb sickle=70(11.6) qS=.058
1796 Others Morondava 624 Hb sickle=48(7.7) qS=.038
1796 Sakalava Maintirano 59 Hb sickle=7(11.9) qS=.059
1796 Makoa Maintirano 229 Hb sickle=5(2.2) qS= .011
391 Bara 58 Hb sickle=9. AS=9 qS=.078
1904 Bara 37 Hb sickle=4 qS=.054
852 Bara 22 Hb sickle=3 qS= .068
Bara(total) 117 Hb sickle=16( 13.7) qS=.068
781 Bara Tulear 108 Hb sickle=8(7.4) qS=.037
1682 Bara(males) Central Region 7 Gd gdef=2(22.2) qdef=.222
1796 Bara Betroka 184 Hb . sickle=41(22.3) qS = . 111
1796 Others Betroka 35 Hb sick 1e=4 ( 11 .4) qS=.057
1796 Mahafaly Ampanihy 80 Hb sickle=G(7.5) qS=.038
391 Antandroy 13 Hb sickle=O. A=13 qA=1.00
1904 Antandroy 22 Hb sickle=O

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
I I I
MADAGASCAR
1796 Antandroy Ambovombe 911 Hb I sickle=O
612 Antandroy(males) 7 Gd gdef=1(7.3) I qdef=.073
1682 Antandroy(males) Southern Region .3 Gd gdef=O
1796 Others Ambovombe 10 Hb sickle=2 qS=.100
391 Antanosy 2 Hb sickle=1. AS=1 qS=.250
1904 Antonosy 11 Hb sickle=1 qS=.045
Antanosy(total) 13 Hb sickle=2(15.4) qS= .077
1796 Antanosy Fort Dauphin 48 Hb sickle=3(6.3) qS=.031
612 Antanosy(males) 7 Gd gdef=O
1682 Antanosy(males) Eastern Region 9 Gd gdef=O
1796 Others Fort Dauphin 151 Hb sickle=12(7.9) qS=.050
391 Antaisaka 11 Hb sickle=5. AS=5 qS=.227
1904 Antaisaka 14 Hb sickle=2 qS=.071
852 Antaisaka 36 Hb s1ckle=3 qS=.042
Antaisaka(total) 61 Hb sickle=10(16.4) qS=.082
612 Antaisaka(males) 16 Gd gdef=5(31.3) qdef=.313
1682 Antaisaka(males) Eastern Region 20 Gd gdef=3(15.0) qdef=.15
1796 Antaisaka Vangaindrano and 333 Hb sickle=71(21.3) qS=. 107
Farafangana
852 Antaifasy 15 Hb sickle=1(6.7) qS=.033
1682 Antaifasy(males) Eastern Region 4 Gd gdef=i(25.0) qdef=.25
391 Antankarana 4 Hb sickle=O. A=4 qA= 1.00
1682 Antankarana(males) 2 Gd gdef=O
1904 Vakinankaraka 26 Hb sickle=O
1318 Manakara(males) 70 HbGd AS=12(17.1). gdef = 15 ( 2 1 .4) qS=.085
qdef=.214
1682 Mahafaly(males) Western Region ,
376
91 Gd I gdef=O qdef=O.O

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
I I I
MADAGASCAR
1682 Masikoro 1 Gd gdef=1
1904 Other Madagascans 38 Hb sickle=3(7.9) 1 qS=.040
852 Other Madagascans 22 Hb sickle=O
2032 Other Malagasy 79 Hb AS=14(17.7) qS=.089
2032 Other Malagasy 53 Th A2=0/F=2/A2F=0(3.6) qbTh=.019
612 Other Madagascans 9 Gd gdef = 1( 11 . 1 ) qdef=.111
(males)
1076 Malgache Tananarive 129 Gd gdef =11(8.5 )
(infants)(females)
1076 Malgache Tananarive 120 Gd gdef = 13 ( 10. 8 ) I qdef=.1083
(infants)(males)
MAURITIUS & REUNION
803 Reunion Islanders Reunion 57731 Hb 1 AS=90( 1.6) I qS=.008
1030 Cimandel isolate Mafate Cirque, Reunion 9 Gd gdef=6(67.0) qdef=.67
(males)
1030 Cimandel isolate Mafate Cirque, Reunion 12 Gd gdef=6(50.0)
(females)
1030 Cimandel isolate Mafate Cirque, Reunion 21
GREENLANO
1
377
Hb
I A=21 I qA=1.00
696 Eskimos Ammassalik 130 Hb A=i30 qA=1.00
697 Eskimos Scoresby Sound 246 Hb A=246 qA=1.00
1473 Eskimos Augpilagtoq Island 153 Hb A=153 qA=1.00
CANADA
1322 Eskimo Igloolik, Baffinland 361
1322 Eskimo Igloolik, Baffinland 206 Gd GdB=206
1982 Rae Band, Dogrib Lac La Martre & Rae Lakes, 1581 HbGd I A=158, GdB=158
Indians Northwest Territories
1
Hb 1 A=361 I qA,,1.00
1153 Blacks (males) Jordantown and Weymouth, 10 7 1 Gd I gdef=9(8.4) I qdef=.084
Nova Scotia

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
I I I
CANADA
1153 Blacks (males) Shelburne, Nova Scotia 45 Gd 1 gdef=1(2.2)
1
I qdef=.022
1153 Blacks (males) Annapolis Royal, Nova 37 Gd gdef=4(10.8) qdef=.108
Scotia
1153 Blacks (males) Preston, Nova Scotia 273
1480 Blacks(students) East Preston, Halifax 51 1 Hb AS=4(7.84) qS=.0392
County, Nova Scotia
1480 Blacks(students) North Preston, Halifax 201 Hb I AS=O
County, Nova Scotia
1480 Blacks(students) Lake Loon Road, Halifax 71 Hb I AS=O
County, Nova Scotia
1480 Blacks(students) Cherrybrook, Halifax 71 Hb I AS=O
County, Nova Scotia
1480 Blacks(students) East Dartmouth, Halifax 61 Hb 1 AS=O
County, Nova Scotia
1480 Blacks(students) Porter's Lake, Halifax 1\ Hb I AS=O
County, Nova Scotia
1480 Blacks(students) Westphal. Halifax County, 1\ Hb 1 AS=O
Nova Scotia
1480 Blacks(students) Halifax, Halifax County, 11 Hb I AS=O
Nova Scotia
378
Gd I gdef=74(27.1) Iqdef=.271
1153 Blacks (males) Hammonds Plains, Nova 1071 Gd \ gdef=19(17.8) I qdef=.178
Scotia
1153 Blacks (males) Truro, Nova Scotia 103 Gd gdef=10(9.7) qdef=.097
1153 Blacks (males) New Glasgow, Nova Scotia 32 Gd gdef= 1( 3. 1) qdef=.031
1153 Blacks (males) Lincolnsville, Nova 74 Gd gdef=5(6.8) qdef=.068
Nova Scotia
1082 French Canadians Albany, N.Y. 215 Hb A=215 qA= i .00
1082 French Canadians St. Pascal, Quebec 24 Hb A=24 qA= 1.00
596 Canadians(mostly Montmagny, Alma, Roberval, HbTh bTh=106, aTh=3, dbTh=2, AC=3, AS=3, S=l
French-speaking) Montreal, Lotbiniere and SC= 1, SbTh=l
( 1975-1977) Portneul County, Quebec
1539 Canadians(from Montreal 85 1 Th l A2=9( 10.6) I qbTh=.053
Greece)(pregnant)

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
I I I
CANADA
2101 Canadians Ontario 14700 Hb A0Baltimore=3, 0=2
2091 Canadians(including Ontario 14700 HbTh AOttawa=1, AJBroussais=l,
300 Eskimos) Aavariant=3, AS=11, AC=6,
A0Baltimore=3, AGCoushatta=2, ADPunjab=3,
Abvariant=4, A2Sphakia=2,
Advariant=3, bTh(het)=3
2101 Canadians Ontario 14700 Hb ADPunjab=3 I qD=. 0001
778 Canadians Toronto 4615 Gd gdef=8(0.2)
56 Canadians(1970-1974) Hamilton, Ontario 3547 HbTh A2=614(17.31), aTh=97(2.73), dbTh=17(0.48)
bTh=7(0.20), abTh=(0.17), dTh=6(0.17)
AH=5(0.14), bTh(int)=3(0.08), a2Th=3(0.08)
AS=88(2.48), 5=9(0.25), AC=41( 1.16)
SC=7(0.20). A2(B2)=9(0.25) C=1(0.03)
AE=4(0.11), AD=3(0.08), 02=3(0.08)
HPFH=7(0.20), DbTh=1(0.03), CbTh=2(0.06)
CHPFH=1(0.03), bThaTh=2(0.06)
SbTh= 1( 0.03 )
1465 Canadians(from Windsor 281 Gd 1 gdef=1(3.6)
Southern Europe and
Africa)(females)
1465 Canadians(from Windsor 19 1 Gd I gdef=3(15.8) I qdef=.158
Southern Europe and
Af rica) (rna I es )
1465 Canadians(from Windsor 221 Gd 1 gdef=O
Northern Europe)
(males)
1465 Canadians(from Windsor 281 Gd 1 gdef=1(3.6)
Northern Europe)
(fema Ies)
556 Wikwemikong Band of Manitoulin Island, 117 1 Hb I A=117 1 qA= 1.00
Ojibwa Ontario
1981 Ojibwa Wikwemlkong it71 Gd I GdB=117
1981 Ojibwa Pikangikum 931 Gd I GdB=93
2094 Canadians Manitoba 30000 Hb AE=2, AG=1, B2=10
2100 Canadians Manitoba 64000 Hb E=5, ESaskatoon=5
2093 Canadians Winnipeg 17600 Hb A0St.Claude=1
379
I qB2=.0002

REF.
NO. POPULATION
CANADA
2101 Canadians
2101 Canadians
2091 Canadians
(including 500
newborns)
2089 Canadians
2.100 Canadians
2101 Canadians
PLACE
Mani toba
Manitoba
Mani toba
Saskatchewan
Saskatchewan
Saskatchewan
380
NUMBER
TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS
84500
84500
Hb
Hb
850001 HbTh
369001 HbTh
78000
81400
Hb
Hb
AJBaltimore=4. AJStClaude=1,
AJBroussais=1, J=4
GENE
FREQUENCIES
ADPunjab=5 qD= .00003
AHasharon=4. AGPhiladelphia=1,
AWinnipeg=1. AGNorfolk=1, AJBroussais=1.
AStClaude=1. Aavariant=4.
ADeerLodge=1. AS=42. AC=17.
AJBaltimore=4. AGCoushatta=12,
AESaskatoon=4. AE=1, ADPunjab=5. AH=3,
Abvariant=15, A2Sphakia=8.
A2NYU=1, A2'=1, Advariant=22. AH=2,
bTh(het)=80, bTh(hom)=4
A2=65/F=1, S=1, AS=3, AE=2, AFTexas=1,
AK=1, AJ=1, AC=2
E=1, ESaskatoon=1
2089 Canadians(cord blood) Saskatchewan 1400 Th Barts=O. AH=O
AJBaltimore=7. AJBroussais=1. J=9
qbTh=.0009
2101 Canadians Saskatchewan 81400 Hb ADPunjab=9 qD= .00006
2091 Canadians(including
6000 newborns)
2087 Canadians(patients)
2095 Amerindians
2095 Amerindians
760 Chipewyan
2087 Canadians
2087 Canadians
2087 Canadians(patients)
Saskatchewan
Saskatoon, Saskatchewan
Saskatchewan
Carry the Kettle
Reserve, Saskatchewan
Wollaston Lake
Saskatchewan
Saskatoon. Saskatchewan
Regina, Saskatchewan
Regina. Saskatchewan
874001 HbTh
63001 HbTh
24901 HbTh
651 Hb
451 HbGd
54001 Hb
6501 Hb
1100\ Hb
AI=1, AJBroussais=1, Aavariant=2
AS=12, AC=4. AJBaltimore=7. AGenova=1
AGCoushatta=7, AESaskatoon=1. AE=1
AMSaskatoon=1, ADPunjab=9.
Abvariant=7, A2Sphakia=29. A2NYU=4,
bTh=52
F=2. S=1, AS=1, AK=1
A2=0. AG=1, 82=0
AG=6(9.2). B2=0
gdef=O, A=45
AK=21(0.4). AC=2
AK=4(0.6)
A=1100
qbTh=.0002
qS=.0002
qK=.0001
qG=.0002
qG=.046
qA= 1.00
qK= .002
qC= .0002
qK=.003
qA=1.00

REF.
NO. POPULATION
CANADA
2094 Amerindians
2100 Canadians
2101 Canadians
2101 Canadians
2091 Canadians(including
persons of Canadian
Indian ancestry)
847 Chinese(males)
847 Chinese(females)
847 Chinese(patients)
847 Chinese(cord blood)
54 Slave Indians
54 Northern Tuchone
53 Ahousat(Nootka)
848 Canadians
(hospital patients)
2091 Canadians(total)
PLACE
Alberta
Alberta
Alberta
Alberta
381
NUMBER
TESTED SYSTEM
66001 HbTh
34000
26700
26700
Hb
Hb
Hb
RESULTS
A2=O, AG=4, B2=80(1.2)
E=3, ESaskatoon=O
AJBaltimore=3, AJToronto=1, J=3
GENE
FREQUENCIES
qG=.0003
qB2=.006
ADPunjab=4 qD= .00007
Alberta 412001 HbTh AJToronto=1, AI=1, Aavariant=4
AS=2, AC=2, AJBaltimore=4, AGCoushatta=13
AE=3, AEdmonton=1, ADPunjab=4.
Abvariant=2, A2Sphakia=115, A2NYU=2,
Advariant=4, Barts=1, bTh=8
Vancouver
Vancouver
Vancouver
Vancouver
Upper Liard River
Ross River
Flores Island, Vancouver
Island
Vancouver
361
359
Gd
Gd
7201 HbTh
3101 HbTh
1061 HTGd
801 HTGd
1981 HbGd
31171 HbTh
2283001 HbTh
gdef=17(4.7)
gdef =11 ( 3 . 1)
A2=27(3.8), AH=50(6.9), AE=1
Barts=21(6.8), AJ=1
GdB=106, A2=O, A=106
GdB=80, A2=O, A=80
GdB=198, A=198
AS=20(0.64), 5=8(0.26), AC=14(0.45)
SC=5(0.16), AD=7(0.22), AE=2(0.06)
ACB2=1(0.03), ALepore=9(0.28),
ATacoma=4(0.13), AKoln=2(0.06),
AJBangkok=2(0.06), AGHsiTsou=1(0.03),
AVancouver=2(0.06), ARampa=1(0.03),
ABritishColumbia=1(0.03). AQ=1(O.03).
AStClaude=1(0.03), Avariant=1(0.03),
A2=813(26.08), bTh=18(0.58), dbTh=9(0.28)
aTh=97(3.11). AH=24(0.77), Barts=2(0.06),
abTH=3(0.10), Cb+Th=1(0.03), DbOTh=2(0.06)
Db+Th=3(0.10), OArabb+Th=1(0.03),
AVancouverbOTh=1(0.03) , CoSpaTh=1(0.03)
AJToronto=1, AOttawa=1, AI=2,
AHasharon=4, AGPhiladelphia=1. AWinnipeg=1,
AGNorfolk=1, AJBroussais=3, AStClaude=1,
Aavariant=15, ADeerLodge=1
AS=67(0.03). AC=29(0.01), AJBaltimore=18,
qdef=.047
qbTh=.019
qaTh=.186
qE=.0007
qaTh=.034
qJ=.002
qA=1.00
qA= 1.00
qA= 1.00

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
I I I
UNITED STATES
1210 Caucasians(patients San Francisco 7681 Gd 1 GdB=768
& healthy)
1210 Caucasians San Francisco 122
1
384
Hb 1 A=I22 1 qA= 1.00
1210 Caucasians(patients) San Francisco 709 Hb AG=1, A

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
I
UNITED STATES
823 Shoshone and Arapaho Wyoming and Montana 338 Hb AD=2(0.6) IqD= .003
1917 Blacks Omaha, Nebraska 6455 Hb AS=402(6.23), S= f( 0.02) qS=.0313
(schoolchildren)
1339 Blacks(males) Omaha Gd gdef=(14.5) I qdef=.145
1339 Blacks(fema1es) Omaha Gd gdef=(2.4)
1253 Blacks Polk County, Iowa 3000 HbTh A2=9(0.3), S=15(0.5), AS=174(5.8), qbTh=.002
SC=3(0.1), AC=12(0.4) qS=.034
qC= .0025
890 Blacks(males) Kansas City 218 Gd gdef=22( 10.09) qdef=.1005
890 Blacks(females) Kansas City 154 Gd gdef=3(1.95)
889 Blacks Kansas City 683 Th Barts(2%)=83(12.15), Barts(5%)=15(2.20) qaTh=.083
1236 Blacks St. Louis 911 Hb sickle=58(6.4) qS= .032
1370 Caucasians St. Louis, Missouri 90 Th Barts=1(1.1) qaTh=.006
(cord blood)
1384 Blacks St. Louis, Missouri
300\
386
Hb \ sickle=19(6.3) \ qS=.032
483 Blacks St. Louis, Missouri 1000 Hb AS=94(9.4), AC=26(2.6), AD=4(0.4) qS=.047
qC= .013
qD=.002
836 Blacks St. Louis, Missouri 500\ HbTh \ A2=4(0.8), AS=43(8.6), AC=12(2.4), IqbTh=.OO4
B2=6( 1.2) qS=.043
qC=.012
qB2=.006
1370 Blacks(cord blood) St. Louis 449\ Hb I AS=47(10.5), AC=9(2.0), Barts=32(7.1) IqS=.052
AD=2 qC= .010
qaTh=.036
qD= .002
I
1384 Whites Missouri 100 Hb sickle=O
820 Blacks(inpatients) Milwaukee 4139 Hb AS=36f(8.7) qS=.0436
820 Blacks(screening) Milwaukee 13695 Hb AS=1195(8.7) qS=.0436
195 Blacks Mi 1waukee 13695 Hb 5=21(0.2), A5=1195(8.7), SC=29(0.2) qS=.046
qC=.001
195 Blacks Mi lwaukee 11230I Gd I gdef=1095(9.8)

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
I I I
UNITED STATES
442 Whites Chicago, 111 inois 307 Hb sick1e=1(0.3)
1866 Whi tes Chicago, 111 i no t s 215 Gd gdef=2(0.9)
222 Whites Chicago. Illinois 32 Gd gdef=O
1861 Whites Chicago, III inois 101 Gd GdB=101
387
I qS=.002
442 Blacks Chicago, III ino i s 1263 Hb sickle=119(9.4) qS=.047
291 B1acks(pregnant) Chicago, Illinois 6360 Hb sick1e=528(8.3) qS=.042
82 B1acks(ma1es) Chicago, 111 inois 130. Gd gdef=16(12.3) qdef=.123
222 Blacks Chicago, III t no I s 121 Gd gdef=6(5.0)
1861 Blacks Chicago, III t no l s 100 Gd GdA=16(16.0), GdB=73(73.0), GdAB=11(11.0)
1450 B1acks(ma1es) III inois 38 Gd gdef=5(13.2) I qdef=. 132
1450 B1acks(fema1es) 111 inois 30 Gd gdef=5(16.7)
1450 Whites(ma1es) 111 i no i s 27 Gd gdef = 1( 3.7) I qdef=.037
1450 Whites(females) III inois 30 Gd gdef=2 (6.7)
593 B1acks(ma1es) III inois 177 Gd gdef=21(11.9) I qdef=.119
(schizophrenic)
593 Blacks(females) III inoi s 1741 Gd 1 gdef=32(18.4)
(schizophrenic)
593 B1acks(ma1es) III inois 260 Gd gdef=34(13.1) I qdef=. 131
593 Blacks(fema1es) III i no i s 359 Gd gdef=62(17.3)
212 Cameroonians(b1ood Chicago 668 HbGd AS+gdef=7(1.05). gdef=61(9.13), AS=39(5.84) qdef=.1018
donors)(males) qS=.0344
711 B1acks(chi1dren) Downstate Illinois 2992 Hb AS=172(5.75), S=2(0.07), SC=2(0.07) qS=.0297
AC=1(0.03), C=2(0.07). CHarlem=3(0.10) qC=.0012
711 Non-B1ack(chi1dren) Downstate Illinois 2214 Hb AS=7(0.3) qS=.OO15
2196 B1acks+others Chicago, 111 inois 2684 Hb AS=191(7.1), AC=54(2.0), SC=94(3.5) qS=.0531
(newborn) qC=.0276
749 81acks(males) Joliet, Illinois 521 Gd gdef=56( 10.7) qdef=.107
749 Whites(males) Jo1 t e t , 111 inois 328 Gd gdef= 1(0. 3) qdef=.003

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
UNITED STATES
1252 Blacks Gary, Indiana 600 Hb sick1e=51(8. 5) qS=.042
435 Blacks(with asthma) Indianapolis 74 Hb AS=5(6.9), AC=3(4.1) qS=.034
qC= .020
919 Blacks(cord bloods) Indianapolis, Indiana 35111 HbTh I 5=5(0.14), AS=267(7.60), C=4(0.11) qS=.0404
AC=80(2.28), FABarts=38(1.08) qC=.0127
FASBarts=3,SC=4 qaTh=.0060
FACBarts=1(0.03), FAD/FAG=4(0. 11)
FAvariant=1(0.03)
919 Whites(cord bloods) Indianapolis, Indiana 25611 HbTh I A5=2(0.08), AC=2(0.08), FABarts=3(0.12) qS=.0004
FAD/FAG=3(0.12), qC=.0004
qaTh=.0006
1447 Blacks Grand Rapids, Michigan 4465/ Hb / 5=1(0.02), AS=264(5.9), SC= 1(0.02) qS=.030
qC=.OOOl
1447 Blacks Grand Rapids, Michigan 6751 Hb 1 A5=41(6.1), SC=1(O.l) qS=.031
qC=.0007
1447 Whites Grand Rapids, Michigan 52\ Hb IA5=1(1.9) qS= .010
335 Blacks Lansing, Michigan 1860 HbTh AS=152(8.2), AC=45(2.4), 55=3(0.2), qS=.042
F=9(0.5), bTh=8(0.4), Avariant=1 qC=.012
990 Blacks Detroit 8001 Hb I AS=56(7.0), AC=16(2.0) qS=.035
qC=.OlO
1446 Blacks(patients) Detroit 3801 HbTh 1 F=40(10.5), 5=46 ( 12. 1), AS=52 ( 13.7) , qbTh=.053
SC=7( 1.8) qS=. 199
qC= .009
1456 Caucasians Detroit, Michigan 72 Hb A=72 qA= 1.00
1456 Blacks Detroit, Michigan 209 Hb AS=?, AC=3( 1.4) qC=.007
523 Blacks Detroit 400 Hb sickle=30(7.5) qS=.038
1455 Blacks Detroit and Ann Arbor, 1000 Hb sickle=91(9.1) I qS=.046
Michigan
561 Patients Detroit, Michigan 38001 HbTh I A5=3(0.08), AC=2(0.05), C=1(0.03) qS=.OOO5
SF=1(O.03), Th=16(O.4) qC=.OOO5
362 Blacks(males) Michigan 165\ Gd \ gdef='9(1'.5) qdef=.115
(schizophrenic)
362 B1acks(fema1es) Michigan 1481 Gd 1 gdef=25(16.9)
(schizophrenic)
388

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
I I I
UNITED STATES
362 Blacks(males) Michigan 541 Gd gdef=59(10.9) I qdef=. 109
362 Blacks(fema Ies) Michigan 133 Gd gdef=29( 21.8)
2196 Blacks+others Michigan 199566 Hb AS=17961(9.0), AC=3991(2.0), SC=8990(4.5) qS=.0675
qC=.0325
2172 Blacks Cleveland, Ohio 9881 Hb I sickle=79(8.0) qS=.040
2196 Blacks+others Ohio 310611 Hb I AS=2889(9.3), AC=745(2.4), SC=1180(3.8) qS=.0655
qC=.0310
821 Blacks(6mo-10yr) Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 1269 Hb AS=111(8.75) qS=.0437
821 Blacks(11yrs-20yrs) Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 1081 Hb AS=81 (7 . 49) qS=.0375
821 Blacks(21yrs-30yrs) Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 617 Hb AS=50( 8.10) qS=.0405
821 Blacks(31yrs-40yrs) Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 387 Hb AS=32(8.27) qS=.0413
821 Blacks(41yrs-50yrs) Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 251 Hb AS=24(9.56) qS=.0478
821 Blacks(>50yrs) Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 118 Hb AS=11(9.32) qS=.0466
389
Blacks(total) Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 3723 Hb AS=309(8.30) qS=.0415
1460 Italians Rochester, New York 2368 Th Th(maj )=1(0.04) qTh=.021
303 Blacks(screening) Western Pennsylvania 14057 Hb AS=1052(7.48), AC=266(1.89) qS=.0374
qC=.0095
303 Blacks(college Western Pennsylvania 300 Hb AS=18(6.0), AC=11(3.67) qS=.030
students) qC=.018
303 Blacks(patients) Western Pennsylvania 1477 Hb AS=113(7.65), AC=24(1.62) qS=.0382
qC=.008
303 Blacks(others) Western Pennsylvania 3187 Hb AS=1440(45.18), AC=30(0.94) qS=.2259
qC=.0047
Blacks(total) Western Pennsylvania 19021 Hb AS=1415(7.44), AC=332(1.74) qS=.0372
qC=.0087
779 Americans(adults) BUffalo, New York 88971 HbTh 1 AS=673(7.56), S=3(0.03), AC=102(1.15) qS=.03844
(80-90% Black) SOArab=1(0.01), SC=3(0.03), STh=1(0.01) qC=.00596
CTh=1(0.01), AJ=2(0.02), AG=1(0.01) qO=.00006
AI=1(O.01), AH=1(O.01) qTh= .00011
qJ=.00011
qG=.00006
qI=.00006

REF.
NO. POPULATION
UNITED STATES
779 Americans(newborn)
(5-10% black)
1667 Blacks(cord blood)
1667 Whites(cord blood)
613 Senecas
613 Senecas(males)
613 Senecas(females)
1602 Blacks(males)
1602 Blacks(females)
1714 Americans
(7.6% Italian)
1496 Americans
PLACE
1344 Eastern European Boston
Jews
1344 Eastern European Boston
Jews(with Crohn's
disease)
1344 Eastern European Boston
Jews(with ulcerative
col itis)
850 Blacks
.492 Ch i nese
Buffalo. New York
Buffalo, N.Y.
BUffalo, N.Y.
Western New York
Western New York
Western' New York
Upstate New York
Upstate New York
Rochester, New York
Northern Vermont
Boston
Boston
492 Chinese(with OsmRes) Boston
1564 Greeks New Haven. Connecticut
1120 Blacks(newborns)
1330 Individuals with
Greek of Italian
New Haven. Connecticut
390
NUMBER
TESTED SYSTEM
24351 HbTh
331 Th
1251 Th
3271 HbTh
105
157
8581
10618
15534
615
105
52
50
482
2472
Gd
Gd
Hb
Hb
Th
Hb
Gd
Gd
Gd
Hb
Th
1491 HbTh
2501 HbTh
39761 HbTh
Hartford, Connecticut 1285 Gd
RESULTS
AS=14(0.57), AC=3(0.12). F=1(0.04)
Barts=4(0.16)
Barts=10(30.0)
Barts=9(7.2)
A2=0. A=327
gdef=O
gdef=O
AS=968(11.28)
AS=1198( 11 .28)
bTh=128(0.8)
AI=1(0.2)
gdef=2(1.9)
gdef=5(9.6)
gdef=O
sickle=33(6.8)
OsmRes=363(14.7)
alTh=90, AH=l. bTh=49. AE=l, EaTh=l
A2=12(4.8). Barts=6(2.4). AS=1(0.4)
AS/AC/AF=112, S=15(0.38), SbTh=2(0.05)
FS=2(0.05), SC=6(0.15), FC=1(0.02)
GENE
FREQUENCIES
qS=.0029
qC=.0006
qaTh=.0008
qaTh=.150
qaTh=.036
qA= 1.00
qS=.0564
qS=.0564
qbTh=.004
qI=.0008
qS=.034
qaTh=.045
qbTh=.024
qE=.OOl
qbTh=.024
qaTh=.012
qS= .002
gdef=7(0.54) qdef=.0054

REF.
NO. POPULATION
UNITED STATES
1121 Blacks
surnames(males)
1121 Puerto Ricans
(cord bloods)
1563 Greeks
151 Blacks
1565 Blacks and Puerto
Ricans
2196 Blacks+others
1082 French Canadians
1082 Blacks(males)
1082 Blacks(females)
PLACE
New Haven, Connecticut
New Haven, Connecticut
Connecticut
New Haven, Connecticut
New Haven. Connecticut
Northeastern United States 109623
Albany, N.Y.
1006 Blacks(1-9yrs)(males) Albany, New York
1006 Blacks(10-19yrs)
(males)
1006 Blacks(20-29yrs)
(males)
Albany. N.Y.
Albany, N.Y.
Albany, New York
Albany, New York
391
NUMBER
TESTED SYSTEM
39761 HbTh
7041 HbTh
5911 HbTh
13581 HbTh
7561 HbTh
2151 Hb
1201 HbGd
1451 HbGd
3358
4167
720
RESULTS
FC=1(0.02), FAS=291(7.32)
FS=19(0.48), FAC=110(2.77), FSC=6(0.15)
FAS=15(2.13), FAC=1(0.14)
bTh=74(12.52), bdTh=l, aTh=19(3.21)
AS=2(0.34)
A2=3/F=1/A2F=0(0.3), S=4(0.3), AS=111(8.2),
SC=2(0.2), AC=40(2.9), C=l(O. i), B2=10(0.7)
FA=657(86.97), FAS=61(8.07), FAC=16(2.12)
FS=6(0.79). FSTh=1(0.13). FSC=1(0.13)
FABartsaTh=14(1.82)
Hb AS=6797(6.2), AC=1973(1.8), SC=3507(3.2)
Hb
Hb
Hb
A=215
gdef=9(7.5), sickle=11(9.2)
gdef=10(6.9), sickle=10(6.9)
AS=229(6.82)
AS=293(7.03)
AS=56(7.78)
GENE
FREQUENCIES
qS=.0421
qC=.0148
qS=.0106
qC=.Ob07
qbTh=.001
qS=.044
qC=.016
qB2=.004
qS=.0470
qC=.0250
qA= 1.00
qdef=.075
qS=.046
qS=.034
qS=.0341
qS=.0352
qS=.0389
1006 Blacks(30+yrs)(males) Albany, New York 598 Hb AS=52(8.70) qS=.0435
1006 Blacks(1-9yrs)
(females)
1006 Blacks(10-19yrs)
(femal es)
1006 Blacks(20-29yrs)
(fema I es)
1006 Blacks(30+yrs)
(females)
Albany. New York
Albany, New York
Albany, New York
Albany, New York
3589
5022
1085
1299
Hb
Hb
Hb
Hb
AS=250(6.97)
AS=311(6.19)
AS=83(7. 65)
AS=97(7.47)
qS=.0348
qS= .0310
qS=.0382
qS=.0373

REF . NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
I I I
UNITED STATES
858 Black(newborn) New York, New York 371381 HbTh 1 AS=2591(7.0), AC=781(2.1), 55=69, SbTh=14, qS=.038
SC=43, SD=I, CC=7, CbTh=1 qC= .011
858 Others(newborn) New York, New York 742761 HbTh I AS=882(1.2), AC=103(0.1), 55=10, SC=4 qS=.006
qC=.0007
I
856 Caucasians New York, New York 118 Gd gdef=2(1.7)
856 Blacks New York, New York 109 Gd gdef=11(10.1)
2186 Blacks New York, New York 150 Hb sickle=13(8.7) qS=.043
615 Blacks(TB patients) New York, New York 77 Hb sickle=4(5.2) qS=.026
1707 glacks(TB patients) Brooklyn, New York 200 Hb sickle=16(8.0) qS=.040
1077 Blacks Brooklyn 158 Hb AS=14(8.9), AC=1(0.6) qS=.044
qC=.003
2045 Blacks Brooklyn 4500 Hb sickle=270(6.0) qS=.030
1077 Caucasians Brooklyn 100 Hb A=100 qA= 1.00
1077 Puerto Ricans Brooklyn 36 Hb AC=1(2.8) qC=.014
1077 Others Brooklyn 6 Hb A=6 qA= 1.00
1871 Blacks(pregnant) Brooklyn, New York Th A2=(17.0)
1871 Spanish(pregnant) Brooklyn, New York Th A2=(12.0)
750 Blacks New York 311 Hb sickle=19(6.1) qS=.031
1775 Ashkenazi Jews New York 251 Th 1 aa/aa=24, -a/aa=1(4.0) qa2Th=.02
1196 Blacks New Rochelle, New York 213 Hb sickle=12(5.6) qS=.028
2153 Blacks Long Island, New York 226 Hb sickle=18(8.0) qS=.040
676 Blacks(males) Philadelphia 87 Gd gdef=10 qdef=.115
1511 Blacks(males) Philadelphia 442 Gd gdef=50 qdef=.113
393
Blacks(total) Philadelphia 529 Gd gdef=60(11.3) qdef=.113
1511 Caucasians(males) Philadelphia 86 Gd gdef=O
750 Blacks Philadelphia 309 Hb sickle=26(8.4) I qS=.021
1719 Blacks Philadelphia 3710 Hb 5=3(0.1), AS=324(8.7), SC=7(0.2) qS=.045
qC=.0009

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
UNITED STATES
1363 Blacks(Sickle Cell Provident Hospital
Screening Clinic) Baltimore, Maryland
395
I I IqB2=.001
195101 Hb I AS+S=4336(10.97)
1363 Blacks(inpatients) Provident Hospital 252011 Hb I AS+S=2770(10.98)
Baltimore, Maryland
I
qaTh=.008
1364 Blacks Baltimore, Maryland 395101 Hb I AS=3100(7.85), S=36(0.09), AC=993(2.51) qS=.0409
SC=59(0. 15), F=52(0.13), Avariant=96(0.24) qC=.0133
qbTh=.0007
750 Blacks Baltimore, Md. 348 Hb sickle=32(9.2) qS=.046
1619 Caucasians Maryland 80 Gd GdB=80
1619 Blacks(males) Maryland 311 Gd GdA-=55(17.7), GdA=50(16.1), GdB=206(66.2) qGdA-=.177
qGdA=.161
344 Blacks Maryland 681 Hb AS=44(6.5), AC=12(1.8), B2=15(2.2) qS=.032
qC=.009
qB2= .011
1620 Blacks(males) Maryland 238 Gd gdef=15(6.3) qdef=.063
1717 Wesorts Charles and Prince George 2578 Hb S=20(0.8), AS=496(19.2), SC=4(0.2), qS=.105
Counties, Maryland AC=5(0.2) qC=.002
1718 Wesorts(males) Charles and Prince George 34 Gd gdef=2(5.9) qdef=.059
Counties, Maryland
1718 Wesorts(females) Charles and Prince George 45 Gd gdef=2(4.4)
Counties, Maryland
1717 Blacks Charles County, Maryland 191 HbTh A2=1(0.5), AS=10(5.2), AC=4(2.1), B2=2(1.0) I qbTh=.002
Counties, Maryland qS=.026
qC=.010
qB2= .005
I
427 Afro-Americans Washington, D.C. 6366 Gd gdef=456(7.16)
(infants)
2119 Blacks Washington, D.C. 1506 HbTh A2=30(2.0), S=3(0.2), AS=97(6.4), I qbTh=.Ol
SC=1(O.l), AC=14(0.9) qS=.034
qC=.005
644 Blacks Washington, D.C. 21215 Hb AS=1596(7.52), AC=548(2.58), STh=3(0.01), I qS=.039
SC=21(0.10), SS=19(0.09), Avariant=94(0.44)
1943 Blacks Washington, D.C. 708 Hb sickle=58(8.2) I qS=.041

UNITED STATES
1732 Blacks(pregnant)
1017 Blacks(pregnant)
1732 Blacks(TB patients)
1404 Blacks(patients)
750 Blacks
2196 Blacks+others
2196 Blacks+others
(newborn)
2021 Blacks
1863 Kentuckians
1646 Blacks(cord bloods)
1864 Blacks(70.3%)+
Whites(29.7%)
1604 Melungeons
1609 Melungeons
750 Blacks
607 Whites
PLACE
Washington, Dlstrict of 3000
Columbia
Washington, District of 828
Columbia
Washington, District of 330
Columbia
Danvi t i e , Va. 3822
Richmond, Va. 316
Mid-Atlantic 81792
Southeastern United States 14691
Montgomery, West Virginia 275
Kentucky 13500
University Hospital
Kentucky
Lexington, Kentucky
Hancock County, Tenn.
Sneedville, Tennessee
Memphis, Tenn.
Memphis, Tennessee
396
NUMBER
TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS
Hb
Hb
Hb
Hb
Hb
Hb
Hb
Hb
Th
12981 HbTh
253021 HbTh
177
78
336
309
Hb
Hb
Hb
Hb
sickle=201(6.7)
5=1(0.1), AS=36(4.4). AC=18(2.2)
AS=28(8.5), AC=4(1.2)
sickle=236(6.2)
sickle=35(11.1)
AS=B179(10.0). AC=1881(2.3), SC=3517(4.3)
AS=1116(7.6). AC=264(1.8). SC=617(4.2)
sickle=18(6.5)
bTh=201(1.5)
AS=70(5.39), S=1(0.08), AC=27(2.08)
C=1(0.08), Barts=20(1.54), AC/Barts=1(0.08)
ASBarts=2(0.15), Avariant=4
AS+AC=2025(8.00), SA+AF=202(0.80)
bTh=138(0.55)
A=177
A=78
sickle=41(12.2)
sickle=O
qS=.034
qS=.023
qC= .011
qS=.042
qC= .006
qS=.031
qS=.055
qS=.0715
qC=.0330
qS=.0590
qC= .0390
qS=.033
qbTh=.007
qA=1.00
qA=1.00
qS=.061
1125 Caucasians(males) Memphis, Tennessee 921 HbGd gdef=3(3.3), A=92 qdef=.033
qA=1.00
607 Blacks
8 Blacks(pregnant)
1125 Blacks(males)
1125 Blacks(females)
1324 Blacks
Memphis, Tennessee
Memphis, Tennessee
Memphis, Tennessee
Memphis, Tennessee
West Tennessee
25391 Hb
20111 Hb
1571 Gd
69
2800
Gd
Hb
sickle=211(B.3)
sickle=159(7.9)
gdef=22(14.0)
gdef=4(5.8)
5=19(0.7), AS=254(9.1), SC=4(0.1),
AC=60(2.1). C=l, AD=l, AG=l, AL=l
qS=.042
qS=.040
qdef=.140
qS=.053
qC= .012
qD=.0002

REF.
NO. POPULATION
UNITED STATES
1324 Whites
486 Non-Blacks
885 Whites
1605 Cherokees
1605 Lumbees
1606 Tri-racial Isolate
(Indian Section)
1606 Tri-racial Isolate
(Indian Section)
885 Blacks
486 Blacks
946 Blacks
1264 Blacks+others
946 Blacks
946 Blacks
946 Blacks
946 Blacks
PLACE
West Tennessee
Durham, North Carolina
Durham, North Carolina
North Carolina
Robson County,
North Carolina
Northeast North Carolina
Northeast North Carolina
Durham, North Carolina
Durham, North Carolina
Buncombe, North Carolina
Greenville, South Carolina
Greenville, South Carolina
Spartanburg
South Carolina
Cherokee, South Carolina
York, South Carol ina
397
NUMBER
TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS
1250
734
25
Hb
Hb
Hb
A=1250
As=Ho.1), AD=HO.1)
sickle=O
5341 Hb I A=534
13321 Hb I AS=23(1.7), AC=23(1.7), AD=1
2321 Hb 1 AS=4(1.7), AC=13(5.6)
1451 Hb 1 AS=HO.n, AC-19(13.1)
1001 'Hb I sickle=7(7.0)
3901 HbTh I F=2, S=1(0.3), AS=33(8.5), SJ=1(0.3),
AC=13(3.3), AJ=1, AD=1
5681 HbTh 1 AS=45(7.92), AC=11(1.94), A2'=8(1.40)
bTh= 1(0. 20)
20351 HbTh I AS=141(6.93), S=1(0.05), SC=O, AC=41(2.02)
bTh=15(0.74), AF=18(0.88), AD=1(0.05)
A2'=18(1.38)
20291 HbTh I AS=i40(6.90), AC=41(2.02), A2'=30(1.48)
bTh=18(0.89)
1011 HbTh 1 AS=11(iO.89), AC=3(2.97). A2'=0
bTh=O
9271 HbTh I AS=46(4.96), AC=24(2.59). A2'=9(0.97)
bTh=14(1.5i)
1231 HbTh 1 A5=iO(8.13). AC=2(1.63), A2'=O, bTh=O
GENE
FREQUENCIES
qG= .0002
qL=.0002
qA= 1.00
qS=.0007
qD=.0007
qA=1.00
qS=.009
qC=.009
qD= .0004
qS=.009
qC=.028
qS= .003
qC= .066
qS=.035
qbTh=.003
qC=.018
qJ=.003
qD= .001
qS=.0396
qC=.0097
qbTh=.0009
qS=.0351
qC= .0101
qbTh=.0037
qD=.0002
qS=.0345
qC=.0101
qbTh=.0044
qS=.0544
qC=.0148
qS=.0248
qC=.0129
qbTh=.0076
qS=.0406
qC=.0081

REF.
NO. POPULATION
UNITED STATES
PLACE
1609 Tri-racial Isolate Walterboro, South Carolina 741 Hb
1029 Blacks South Carolina 7191 Hb
610 Black(80.5%), South Carolina 1475941 HbTh
White(2.1),Other(1.6)
Unknown(15.7%)
1979 Blacks Charleston, South Carolina 10001 Hb
1362 Blacks(pregnant) Charleston, S.C. 9351 Hb
1978 Blacks Sea Island. South Carolina 23781 Hb
1609 Blacks varnes Island. 2761 HbTh
South Carolina
946 Blacks Bamberg. South Carolina 5461 HbTh
946 Blacks Colleton. South Carolina 5131 HbTh
1603 Gullah Blacks Coastal South Carolina 4831 Hb
345 Blacks St. varnes-Sortie. S.C. 431 Hb
345 Blacks St. Andrews, S.C. 131 Hb
345 Blacks Charleston, S.C. 3671 Hb
345 Blacks North Charleston, S.C. 1441 Hb
345 Blacks varnes Island, S.C. 331 Hb
345 Blacks St. Pauls, S.C. 501 Hb
345 Blacks Moultrie, S.C. 581 Hb
345 Blacks St. vohns, S.C. 671 Hb
345 Blacks Charleston County, S.C. 7751 Hb
918 Blacks Sapelo Island, Ga. 1661 Hb
NUMBER
TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS
AS=9(12.2)
sickle=57(7.9)
AS=17931(12.0), 5=418(0.3). AC=3915(2.7)
C=18(0.01), SC=369(0.25), bTh=98(0.07)
SbTh=29(0.02). AD=17(0.01)
Avariant=607(0.64)
sickle=140(14.0)
AS=154(16.5)
sickle=337(14.2)
A2=9(3.3), AS=57(20.6), AC=2(0.7), Av=1
B2=3(1.1)
AS=56(10.26). AC=12(2.20). A2'=0. bTh=O
AS=44(8.58), AC=15(2.92), A2'=2(0.34)
bTh=4(0.78)
S=2(0.4), AS=73(15.1), AC=14(2.9), C=1(0.2)
sickle=3(7.0)
sick1e= 1(7 . 7)
sickle=45(12.3)
sickle=19(13.2)
sickle=5(15.2)
sickle=8(16.0)
sickle=12(20.7)
sickle=20(29.9)
S=1(O.1), AS=113(14.6), AC=17(2.2),
C=2(0.3)
AS=17(1O.2), AC=1(0.6)
GENE
FREQUENCIES
qS=.061
qS=.040
qS=.0649
qC".0146
qbTh=.0004
qD=.00006
qS=.070
qS=.082
qS=.071
qbTh=.016
qS=.103
qC=.004
qV".002
qB2=.005
qS=.0513
qC=.0110
qS=.0429
qC=.0146
qbTh=.0039
qS=.080
qC= .017
qS=.035
qS=.038
qS=.061
qS=.066
qS=.076
qS=.080
qS= .103
qS=.149
qS=.074
qC=.014
qS=.051
qC= .003

REF.
NO. POPULATION
UNITED STATES
918 Blacks(males)
918 Blacks(females)
946 Blacks
524 Whites
524 Blacks
PLACE
Sapelo Island, Ga.
Sapelo Island, Ga.
Sapelo Island, Georgia
Evans County, Georgia
Evans and Bullock Counties
524 Blacks(males) Evans and Bullock Counties
Georgia
524 Blacks(females)
1980 Whites
1980 Blacks
947 Hospital popUlation Georgia
(>95%Black)
947 Patients(Sickle Cell Georgia
Clinics)(>95%Black)
947 Schoolchildren Georgia
(>95%Black)
947 PopUlation Survey A Georgia
(>95%Black)
947 Population Survey B Georgia
(>95%Black)
947 PopUlation Survey C Georgia
(>95%Black)
Evans and Bullock Counties
Georgia
Augusta, Georgia
Augusta. Georgia
399
NUMBER
TESTEO SYSTEM RESULTS
95
94
481 HbTh
91
Gd
Gd
Gd
2471 HbTh
gdef=13(13.7)
gdef= li( 11. 7)
AS=7(14.58), AC=O, A2'=O, bTh=O
gdef=O
A2=4/F=2(2.4), S=2(0.8), AS=19(7.7)
AC=4(1.6)
GENE
FREQUENCIES
qdef=.137
qS=.0729
qbTh=.012
qS=.047
qC=.008
761 Gd gdef=9( 11.8) qdef=.118
97
1000
1800
Gd
Hb
Hb
62271 HbTh
16931 HbTh
1828\ HbTh
20351 HbTh
16391 HbTh
9311 HbTh
gdef=10(10.3)
sickle=O
sickle=101(5.6) qS=.028
AS=573(9.20), S=70(1.12), AC=148(2.37)
C=3(0.04), SC=26(O.42), bTh=54(O.87)
SbTh=7(0.10), CbTh=2(0.03),A2'=101(1.6)
ASA2'=5(0.08), ACA2'=11(0.17)
AF=154(2.47), SHPFH=7(0.11), AD=5(0.08)
AG=4(O.06), Avariant=10(0.16)
AS=361(21.32), S=128(7.56), AC=48(2.82)
SC=33(1.95), bTh=13(0.77), SbTh=10(0.59)
CbTh=4(0.24), A2'=20(1.18)
ASA2'=4(0.24), AF=31(1.83)
SHPFH=6(0.35), AG=1(0.06), Avariant=3(0.18)
A5=156(8.5), 5=1(0.05), AC=35(1.91)
SC=5(0.27), bTh=11(0.60), SbTh=1(0.05)
A2'=35(1.91), ACA2'=1(0.05),AF=7(0.38)
AD=1(0.05), Avariant=1(0.05)
AS=141(6.93), S=1(0.05), AC=41(2.01)
bTh=15(0.74), A2'=28(1.38), AF=18(0.88)
AD=1(O.05)
AS=102(6.22), AC=44(2.68), SC=1(0.06)
bTh=10(0.61), A2'=34(2.07), AF=10(0.61)
AD=1(0.06), Avariant=1(0.06)
AS=43(4.62), 5=1(0.10), AC=23(2.50)
SC=1(0.01), bTh=13(0.14), A2'=7(0.08)
AF=23(0.25)

REF.
NO. POPULATION
UNITED STATES
947 Other Surveys
(>95%Black)
947 Blacks(Churches)
PLACE
947 Summer Youth Project Georgia
(>95%Black)
Total (>95%Black)
947 Blacks(>95%)(referral
to the Comprehensive
Sickle Cell Center)
(1973-1975)
(>95%Black)
947 Blacks(>95%)(cord
blood)(f960-1975)
942 Blacks
946 Blacks
946 Blacks
Georgia
Georgia
Georgia
Augusta, Georgia
Georgia
McCormick, South Carolina
Aiken. South Carolina
400
NUMBER
TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS
10741 HbTh 1 AS=80(7.45), 5=1(0.09), AC=14(1.30)
SC=4(0.37), bTh=3(0.28), A2'=19(1.77)
ASA2'=2(0.19), AF=2(0.19), AD=4(0.37)
Avariant=2(O.19)
791 HbTh 1 AS=5(1.27), AC=1(1.27). A2'=5(6.33)
AF=1(1.27)
7791 HbTh I AS=49(6.29), 5=6(0.77), AC=13(1.67)
bTh=4(0.51). SbTh=1(0.13). A2'=13(1.67)
ASA2'=2(0.26), AF=8(1.03), Avariant=1(0.13)
AD=1(0.13)
162581 HbTh I AS=1510(9.29). 5=145(0.89). AC=367(2.26)
C=3(0.02). SC=70(0.43). bTh=123(0.76)
SbTh=19(0.12). CbTh=6(0.04)
A2'=262(1.61), ASA2'=13(0.08)
ACA2'=12(0.07), AF=254(1.56)
SHPFH=13(0.08), AD=13(0.08), AG=5(0.03)
Avariant=9(0.06)
21621 HbTh I AS=259(11.98), 5=186(8.60), AC=121(5.60)
C=15(069), SC=38(1.76). bTh=139(6.43)
SbTh=67(3.10), EbTh=2(0.09)
CbTh=20(0.93) , DbTh=1(0.05), A2'=7(0.32)
ASA2'=2(0.09), HPFH=276(12.76)
SHPFH=64(2.96). CHPFH=2(0.09)
AF=18(0.83), AG=30(1.39), G=1(0.05)
ASG=6(0.28), AD=22(1.02), AE=3(0.14)
AJ=6(0.28), AN=15(0.69). AO=4(0.18)
ARichmond=8(0.37), AI=6(0.28), AX=25(1.16)
Avariant=14(0.65)
14058
?
Hb I FAS=712(5.06), FSS=10(0.07), FAC=213(1.52)
FCC=4(0.03), FSC=10(0.07)
FAA2'=45(0.32). FAgvariant=12(0.08).
FAGa=8(0.06),FABarts

REF.
NO. POPULATION
UNITED STATES
PLACE
402
NUMBER
TESTED i SYST.=E.!.CM ---'-'-==-'-"'- RESULTS
_
Ti
946 Blacks Peach, Georgia 881 HbTh AS=5(5.68), AC=1(1.14), A2'=2(2.27)
bTh=1( 1.14)
946 Blacks Dougherty, Georgia 2261/ HbTh AS=171(7.56). AC=46(2.03), A2 /=14(0.62)
bTh=9(0.40)
946 Blacks Bibb, Georgia 10581 HbTh AS=102(9.64), AC=33(3.12), A2'=16(1.51)
bTh=6(0.57)
946 Blacks Charlton, Georgia 1771 HbTh AS=14(7.91). AC=1(0.56), A2'=0
bTh=1(0.56)
946 Blacks Pierce, ·Georg i a 1091 HbTh AS=11(10.09). AC=1(0.92), A2'=2(1.83)
bTh=O
GENE
FREQUENCIES
qS=.0284
qC=.0057
qbTh=.0057
qS=.0378
qC=.0102
qbTh=.0020
qS=.0482
qC= .0156
qbTh=.0028
qS=.0395
qC=.0028
qbTh=.0028
qS=.0504
qC=.0046
946 Blacks Liberty, Georgia 251 HbTh AS=1(4.0), AC=2(8.0), A2 /=O, bTh=1(4.0) qS=.0200
qC=.0400
qbTh=.0200
946 Blacks Chatham, Georgia 5171 HbTh AS=49(9.48), AC=16(3.09), A2 /=2(0.39)
bTh=4(0.77)
946 Blacks Bryan, Georgia 1061 HbTh AS=1(0.94), AC=9, A2 /=3(2.83)
bTh=O
946 Blacks Effingham, Georgia 771 HbTh AS=8(10.39), AC=1(1.30), A2 /=2(2.60)
bTh=O
Blacks(total) Southeastern United States 170901 HbTh AS=1306(7.64), AC=387(2.26)
A2 /=134(0.78), bTh=102(0.60)
1877 Whites & Blacks
(pregnant)
950 Blacks(cord bloods)
(HbAA)
950 Blacks(cord bloods)
(HbAS)
950 Blacks(cord bloods)
(HbAC)
Atlanta, Georgia
Augusta, Georg1a
1338
385
Gd
Hb
gdef=180(13.5)
qS=.0474
qC=.0155
qbTh=.0039
qS=.0047
qS=.05i9
qC=.0130
qS=.0382
qC= .0113
qbTh=.0030
FSardinia(het)=51(17.89);FSar(hom)=4(1.40) qAgT=. 1035
Augusta, Georgia 144 Hb FSardinia(het)=19(13.19);FSar(hom)=1(0.69) qAgT=.0729
Augusta, Georgia 28 Hb FSardinia(het)=1(3.57);FSar(hom)=0 qAgT=.0179

REF.
NO. POPULATION
UNITED STATES
950 Blacks(cord bloods)
(HbSS)
950 Blacks(cord bloods)
(HbSC)
950 Blacks(cord bloods)
PLACE
Augusta, Georgia
Augusta, Georgia
Augusta, Georgia
950 Blacks(adults)(HbSS) Augusta, Georgia
950 Blacks(adults)(HbSC) Augusta, Georgia
950 Blacks(adults)(HbCC) Augusta, Georgia
950 Blacks(adults+cord Augusta, Georgia
bloods)(HbSS,SC,CC)
950 Blacks(adults+cord Augusta, Georgia
bloods)(HbSS only)
1264 Blacks(nurses aides) Augusta, Goergia
(females)
1264 Blacks(students) Augusta, Georgia
403
NUMBER
TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS
13
5
116
2
3
Hb
Hb
Hb
Hb
Hb
Hb
1401 Hb
1291 Hb
441 HbTh
2261 HbTh
FSardinia(het)=1(7.7);FSar(hom)=0
FSardinia(het)=1(20.0);FSar(hom)=0
FSardinia=O
FSardinia(het)=7(6.1);FSar(hom»=1(0.9)
FSardinia=O
FSardinia=O
FSardinia(het)=9(6.00);FSar(hom»=1(0.67)
FSardinia(het)=8(5.80);FSar(hom»=1(0.72)
AS=2(4.54), S=O, SC=O, AC=1(2.27)
bTh=O, AF=O, AD=O, A2'=2(4.54)
AS=20(8.85), S=O, SC=1(0.44), AC=2(0.88)
bTh=1(0.44), AF=O, AD=O, A2'=6(2.65)
Blacks(total) Georgia and South Carolina 23051 HbTh AS=163(8.01), S=1(0.04), SC=1(0.04)
AC=44(1.48), bTh=16(0.69), AF=18(0.79)
AD=1(0.04), A2'=36(1.56)
467 Americans Jacksonville, Florida 25898 Hb AS=2334(9.0), AC=545(2.1), F=122, AD/AG=19,
SC=14, SF=4, SS=11, SbTh=4, CbTh=4,
AOArab=2, AOsu-Christiansborg=5, SOsu­
Christiansborg=1, Osu-Christiansborg(hom)=1
607 Blacks
545 Blacks(pregnant)
1566 Blacks
1335 Whites(Naval
recruits)
1609 Seminoles
Gainesville. Florida
Gainesville, Florida
Alachua County, Fla.
Orlando. Fla.
Hollywood, Florida
6741 Hb
9441 Hb
19091 HbTh
140001 Hb
3741 Hb
sickle=65(9.6)
S=1(O.1), AS=65(6.9), AC=9( 1.0)
F=2(0.1), S=7(0.4), AS=194(10.2),
AC=36( 1.9), C=l
sick I e= 11(O. 1 )
AS=36(9.6)
GENE
FREQUENCIES
qAgT=.0385
qAgT=.1000
qAgT=.0388
qAgT=.0393
qAgT=.0388
qS=.0227
qC= .0114
qS=.0465
qC=.0066
qbTh".0022
qS=.0360
qC".0098
qbTh=.0035
qD=.0002
qS=.048
qS=.036
qC= .005
qbTh=.0005
qS=.054
qC=.010
qS=.0004
qS=.048

REF.
NO. POPULATION
UNITED STATES
627 Blacks
PLACE
2004 Whites Mississippi
2004 Americans(cord blood) Mississippi 4291 HbTh
2004 Blacks
2005 Blacks
1948 Blacks(males)
1948 Blacks(with HbAS)
(males)
1499 Whites
750 Blacks
1393 Whites
1393 Blacks
546 Blacks(TB patients)
174 Blacks(TB patients)
1918 Blacks
1499 Blacks
Blacks(total)
1807 Blacks
1808 Blacks
Mississippi
Mississippi
Jackson, Mississippi
Jackson, Mississippi
New Orleans. Louisiana
New Orleans. La.
New Orleans. Pineville,
and Independence,
Louisiana
New Orleans, Pineville,
and Independence,
Louisiana
New Orleans. Louisiana
New Orleans, Louisiana
Louisiana
Louisiana
Louisiana
Galveston, Texas
Galveston, Texas
405
NUMBER
TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS
211 Th -a/aa=58(27.5), -a/-a=4(1.9)
10451 HbTh
13101 HbTh
120001 Th
26571 Hb
2551 Th
910
309
140
564
220
1200
100
692
792
505
1550
Hb
Hb
Hb
Hb
Hb
Hb
Hb
Hb
Hb
Hb
Hb
A2=8/F=3(1.1), 5=.001, B2=1
AS=7, AC=7, Barts=13(3.0)
A2=11/F=15(2.0), 5=37(2.8), AS=114(8.7)
SC=4(0.3), AC=38(2.9), C=7(0.5), AD=14
B2=27(2.1)
F=12(0.1)
AS=255(9.5)
aTh=14(5.5)
sickle=O
sickle=34(".0)
AS=1(0.7)
S=18(3.2), AS=47(8.3), SC=4(0.7),
AC=10(1.8)
S=1(0.4), AS=15(6.8), AC=9(4.1)
sickle=100(8.3)
sickle=5
sickle=45
sickle=50(6.3)
AS=57, AC=f5
S=6. AS=139, SC=1, AC=35
GENE
FREQUENCIES
qa2Th=.160
qbTh=.005
qS=.001
qB2=.0005
qS=.008
qC=.008
qaTh=.020
qbTh= .010
qS=.073
qC=.019
qD= .005
qB2=.010
qbTh=.0005
qS=.0480
qaTh=.0274
qS=.055
qS=.004
qS=.077
qC= .012
qS=.039
qC=.020
qS=.042
qS=.025
qS=.032
qS=.032
qS=.056
qC=.015
qS=.049
qC=.012

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
UNITED STATES
Blacks(total) Galveston, Texas 2055/ Hb / S=6(0.3), AS=196(9.5), SC= 1( 0.05) , qS=.051
AC=50(2.4) qC=.012
1809 Blacks(cord blood) Galveston, Texas 1192 Th Barts=3(0.3) qaTh=.001
1807 Whites Galveston, Texas 60 Hb A=60 qA= 1.00
1809 Whites(cord blood) Galveston, Texas 361 Th Barts=1(0.3) qaTh=.001
1810 Blacks(cord blood) Galveston. Texas 9224 HbTh AS=604 ( 6 . 6 ) , AC=171(1.9), SC=7, SS=12, qS=.034
5bTh=5, AE=2, AOArab= 1, AGGalveston=1, qC= .010
AI=1, AGPhiladelph1a=1, AP= 1, Aavariant=1, qaTh=.027
Abvariant=1, AFTexas=1, AFHouston=1,
Barts=494(5.4)
1810 Whites(cord blood) Galveston. Texas
1810 Whites(cord blood) Galveston, Texas 7006 HbTh AS=4(0.06) , AC=4(0.06) • AHasharon= 1, qS=.0003
Aavariant=1, Agvariant=2, AFTexas=1, qC=.0003
AFOickinson=2
898 Whites Houston. Texas 350 Hb A=350 qA=1.00
357 Blacks Houston, Texas 150 Hb sickle=10(6.7) qS=.033
898 Blacks Houston, Texas 400 Hb 5=5(1.2), AS=3G(9.0) , SC=1(0.2), AC=6(1.5), qS=.059
C=1(O.1) qC= .011
1442 Blacks(with cancer) Houston 2411 Hb I AS=25(10.4). AC=G(2.5) qS=.052
qC=.012
1442 Blacks(with cancer) Houston 66 Gd gdef=3(4.5) qdef=.045
(males)
1442 Blacks(wlth cancer) Houston 175 Gd gdef =1( 0 . 6 )
(fema I es)
1442 Blacks Houston 396 Hb AS=27(6.8), AC=9(2.3) qS=.034
qC=.011
1441 Blacks(males) Houston 269 Gd gdef=25(9.3) qdef=.093
1441 Blacks(females) Houston 130 Gd gdef=5(3.8)
1441 Mexicans(males) Houston 87 HbGd gdef= 1( 1. 1), A=87 Iqdef= .011
qA= 1.00
1098 Whites Dallas. Texas 322 Hb sickle=O
2140 Mexicans Dallas, Texas 239 Hb sickle=O
406

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
I
UNITED STATES
1.098 Blacks Dallas, Texas 1205 Hb sickle=65(5.4) qS=.027
1254 Blacks Dallas, Texas 1165 Hb S=7(0.6), AS=78(6.7), AC=40(3.1), qS=.040
Avariant=1 qC= .017
q?=.0004
1254 B1acks(ma1es) Dallas, Texas 1276/ Gd I GdA-=161(12.6), GdA=226(17.7), I qGdA-=. 126
GdB=878(68.8), GdB-=4(0.3), GdAB=2, qGdA=.177
Gd-Aust1n2=5(0.4)
2172 B1acks(pregnant) Dallas, Texas 13835 Hb sick1e=1138(8.2) qS=.041
1607 Seminoles Wewoka, Okla. 221 Hb AS=4(1.8) qS=.009
1811 Coushatta East Texas 270 Hb AG=3(1.1) qG=.006
1105 B1acks(ma1es) Oklahoma City 135 Gd GdA-=16(11.9), GdA=31(23.0), GdB=88(65.2) qGdA-=.119
qGdA=.230
1105 Blacks(fema1es) Oklahoma City 135 Gd GdA-=1(0.7), GdA=7(5.2), GdB=79(58.5),
GdAB=48(35.6)
1716 Cherokees Oklahoma 871 Hb I AS= 1( 1 . 1) qS=.006
1716 Muskhogean Oklahoma 76 Hb AS=1( 1. 3) qS=.007
1716 Caddoans Oklahoma 12 Hb AS=1(8.3) qS=.042
1716 Siouan Tribes Oklahoma 9 Hb A=9 qA= i .00
1716 South Athabascans Oklahoma 9 Hb A=9 qA= 1.00
1716 Uto-Aztecans Oklahoma 45 Hb A=45 qA=1.00
1716 A1gonquins Oklahoma 10 Hb A=10 qA= 1.00
1716 Other Indians Oklahoma 1 i Hb A=11 qA= 1.00
245 Blacks Ft. Bliss, Texas 1000 Hb S=1(O.1), AS=73(7.3), SC=1(O.1) qS=.074
1304 Pima Gila River Reserve, Ariz. 93 Hb A=93 qA= 1.00
920 B1acks(Atterbury Job Region V 6960 Hb AS=455(6.54), AC=122(1.77) qS=.0327
Corps) qC=.0088
904 B1acks(ma1es) 65154 Hb AS=5072(7.8), AC=1477(2.3), qS=.039
Avariant=260(0.4) qC=.012
904 B1acks(ma1es) 62331 Gd gdef=6964(11.2) qdef=.112
396 B1acks(soldiers) Vietnam 277 Gd gdef=38(13.7) qdef=.137
(males)
407

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
I
UNITED STATES
Enrollees)
707 Caucasian(Job Corps 3426 Hb AS=5(0.15). AC=4(0.12). SC= 1(0.03) I qS=.OO1
Enrollees)
qC=.OO1
707 Caribbean(other 37 Hb AS=2(5.4) I qS=.027
than Puerto Rico)
(Job Corps enrollees)
707 American Indian(Job 3741 Hb I A=374
Corps Enrollees)
707 Oriental(Job Corps 241 Hb I A=24
Enrollees)
525 Americans Paris 109 HbTh A=109. A2=0. F=O
MEXICO
1237 Tarahumara Chihuahua 99 Hb A=99 I qA=1.00
81 Tarahumara(males) Chihuahua 79 Gd gdef=O
81 Tarahumara(females) Chihuahua 20 Gd gdef=O
1239 Yaqui Sonora 1111 Hb I A=111 I qA=1.00
81 Yaqui(males) Sonora 66 Gd gdef=O
81 Yaqui(females) Sonora 4 Gd gdef=O
961 Huichol Indians Northwest Mexico 65 HbTh A=65. bTh=O. alh=O
962 Mexicans Northwest Mexico 1000 HbTh bTh(het)=2(0.2). AS=5(0.5) I qbTh=.OO1
Avariant=3(0.3) qS=.0025
515 Mexicans(patients) Guadalajara 2415 Hb AS=11(0.5) J qS=.002
515 Mexicans(newborn) Guadalajara 23491 Hb I A=2349
961 Mexicans(newborns Guadalajara 4600 HbTh AS=1(0.02). ATarrant=2. bTh=O. aTh=O I qS=.OOOi
and patients)
2060 Mexicans(newborns Guadalajara 5071 Gd I gdef=O
without jaundice)
(males)
2060 Mexicans(newborns Guadalajara 5151 Gd I gdef=O
without jaundice)
(fema1es)
409

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
MEXICO
2060 Newborns(randomly Guadalajara 456 Gd gdef=2(0.43) I qdef=.043
selected males)
2060 Newborns(randomly Guadalajara 416 Gd gdef= 1CO. 24)
selected females)
2060 Newborns(jaundice) Guadalajara 1816 Gd gdef=20(1.1) I qdef" .011
(males)
2060 Newborns(jaundlce) Guadalajara 1427 Gd gdef=5(0.35)
(females)
2060 Patients with Guadalajara 33 Gd gdef=10(30.3) L qdef=. 303
hemolytic anemia
(males)
2060 Patients with Guadalajara 211 Gd I gdef=1(4.8)
hemolytic anemia
(fema I es)
2060 Mexicans(blood Guadalajara 807 Gd GdA-=3(0.37) I qGdA-=.0037
donors)( rnaIes)
961 Mexicans(patlents) Guadalajara 3668 HbTh AS=13(0.35). ARiyadh=3, AJGeorgia=1. 1 qS= .0017
Avariant=3, bTh=3
961
961
Mexicans(patients)
Mexicans
Jalisco Tonara
Ameca. Cocula. Ocotlan,
Magdelena. Yahuallca
10961 HbTh I AS=5(0.45), AC=4(0.36). AChiapas=1,
AFannin LUbbock=l. bTh=O. aTh=O
5001 HbTh I AS=2(0.4). AC=1(0.2). bTh=O, aTh=1(0.2)
qS=.0023
qC=.0018
qS=.002
qC=.001
qaTh=.OOl
1237 Tarasco Michoacan 133 Hb A=133 I qA=1.00
81 Tarasco(males) Michoacan 55 Gd gdef=O
81 Tarasco(females) Michoacan 78 Gd gdef=O
2008 Mestizos Mexico City 327 Hb AS=1(0.3) I qS=.002
2007 Mestizos Mexico City 327 Hb AS=1(0.31) J qS=.0015
2007 Mestizos(females) Mexico City 84 Gd gdef=O
2007 Mestizos(males) Mexico City 240 Gd gdef=O
1244 Judios Mexico City 95 Gd GdA-=O. Gd-Mediterranean=4(4.21). GdA=O
1242 Mexicans(males) San Nicolas, Guerrero 95 HbGd gdef=7(7.4). sickle=18(18.9) I qdef=.074
qS=.095
410

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
J J I
MEXICO
1674 Mexicans(patients) Puebla 2886 Th A2=6(0.2) I qbTh=.ool
515 Mexicans(patlents) Puebla 3886 Hb AS=3(0. 1)
1724 Mexicans(patients) Puebla 3886 Hb AS=3(0. 08). AC=1(0.03). HbMexico=l I qS=.0004
qC= .0001
qMex=.OOOl
1724 Mexicans(patients) Puebla 2886 Th A2=6 qbTh= .0010
1064 Mazatecans Papaloapan River Valley 123 Hb A=123 qA= 1.00
1246 Mazatecans(males) 138 HbGd gdef=O, AJ=1(0.7) qJ=.004
1240 Mexicans(males) Tamiahua, Veracruz 109 HbGd AS=12(il.0), AC=1(0.9), GdA=4(3.6), qS=.055
GdA-=2(1.8), GdB=103 qC= .005
qGdA-=.018
qGdA=.036
1240 Mexicans(males) Saladero, Veracruz 1191 HbGd 1 AS=5(4.2). GdA-=1(0.8). GdB=118 qS=.021
qGdA-=.008
1240 Mexicans(males) Veracruz. Veracruz 1471 HbGd I AS=2(1.4), AD=1(0.7). GdA-=2(1.4). qS=.007
GdSlow=1(0.7), GdB=144 qD=.003
qGdA-=.014
515 Mexicans Veracruz 3751 Hb 1 AS=19(5.0), AC=4(1.0) qS=.025
qC=.005
1723 Mexicans Hueyapan de Ocampo, 2001 HbTh I AS=18(9.0) qS=.045
Veracruz
1723 Mexicans Cosamaloapan, Veracruz 2001 HbTh 1 AS=7(3.5), SS=1(0.5), bTh=1(0.5) qS=.0225
qbTh=.0025
1723 Mexicans Tlacotalpan, Veracruz 200 HbTh AS=5(2.5) qS=.0125
1723 Mexicans Acula, Veracruz 200 HbTh AS=3(1.5) qS=.0075
1723 Mexicans Chacaltianguis, Veracruz 200 HbTh AS=4(2.0) qS=.Ol
1723 Mexlcans Cuitlahuac, Veracruz 400 HbTh AS=2(0.5), AC=1(0.25), bTh=2(0.5) qS=.0025
qbTh=.0025
qc> .0013
1972 Totonacans Vera Cruz 18 Hb A=18 qA=1.00
1246 Totonacans(males) Vera Cruz 86 HbGd gdef=O, A=86 qA= 1.00
1246 Huastecans 77 Hb A=77 qA=1.00
413

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
I I I
MEXICO
1246 Huastecans(males) 72 Gd gdef=O
1246 Huastecans(males) San Luis 235 Gd gdef=3(1.3) qdef=.013
1246 Mixe(males) 32 HbGd gdef=O. A=32 qA= 1.00
1309 Mixe 31 Hb A=31 qA= 1.00
1246 Coras(males) Nayarit 101 HbGd gdef=O. AS=1(1.0) qS=.005
1246 Chinantecans(males) 21 HbGd gdef=O. A=21 qA=1.00
1309 Chinantecans 49 Hb A=49 qA= 1.00
1246 Popolocans(males) 17 HbGd gdef=O. A=17 qA= 1.00
1309 Zoque 31 Hb A=31 qA= 1.00
515 Mexicans Paraiso. Tabasco 160 Hb AS=11(6.9) qS=.034
1240 Mexicans(males) Paraiso. Tabasco 160 HbGd AS=11(6 .9). AJ=1(0.6) • GdA=6(3.8). qS=.034
GdA-=4(2.5). GdB=150 qJ=.003
qGdA-=.025
qGdA=.038
1972 Tzeltal Mayans Chiapas 57 Hb A=57 qA= 1.00
1972 Tzotz i 1 Mayans Chiapas 11 Hb A=11 qA=1.00
1309 Tzotzil Mayans Chiapas 52 Hb A=52 qA= 1.00
1237 Tzeltal and Tzotzil Chiapas 163 Hb A=163 qA= 1.00
Mayans
81 Tzeltal and Tzotz i 1 Chiapas 14 1 Gd I gdef=O
Mayans(males)
81 Tzeltal and Tzotzil Chiapas 181 Gd 1 gdef=O
Mayans(females)
1972 Lacandon Mayans Chiapas 34 Hb A=34 qA= 1.00
1309 Lacandon Mayans Chiapas 55 Hb A=55 qA= 1.00
1972 Chol Mayans Chiapas 13 Hb A=13 qA= 1.00
1246 Chol Mayans(males) Chiapas 152 HbGd gdef=O. AG=1(O.7) qG=.003
1972 Mam Mayans Chiapas 6 Hb A=6 qA= 1.00
1246 Chontol(males) Chiapas 99 HbGd gdef=2(2.0), AS=2(2.0) qdef=.020
qS= .010
414

REF.
MO. POPULATION
MEXICO
1972 Chiapanecans
1309 Chiapanecans
1309 Ch1apanecans(total)
1237 Mest1zos
81 Mestizos(males)
81 Mestizos(females)
1240 Mexicans(males)
1237 Yucatan Mayans
81 Yucatan Mayans(males)
81 Yucatan Mayans
(females)
1972 Itza Mayans
PLACE
Chiapas
Chiapas
Chiapas
El Carmen, Campeche
415
NUMBER
TESTED SYSTEM
6\ Hb
391 HbTh
451 HbTh
218
82
58
1091· HbGd
266
20
26
67
Hb
Gd
Gd
Hb
Gd
Gd
Hb
A=6
F= 1, AS=1, AN=2
RESULTS
F=1(2.2). AS=1(2.2), AN=2(4.4)
AC=1(0.5)
gdef=O
gdef=O
AS=3(2.8), GdA=1(0.9). GdA-=2(1.8),
GdB=106
A=266
gdef=O
gdef=O
515 Macro-Nahua speakers Yucatan 1201 Hb A=1199, AMexico=2
1720 Mayans(males)
1720 Mayans(females)
1720 Mayans
420 Mayans(m1xed)
420 Mexicans
525 Mexicans
GUATEMALA
1995 Indians
1972 Quiche Maya
Pete, Yucatan
Peto, Yucatan
Pete, Yucatan
Peto, Yucatan
Peto, Yucatan
11
31
Gd
Gd
341 Th
4131 HbTh
1021 HbTh
A=67
GdA=2(18.2). GdB=9(81.8)
GdA=4(12.9), GdB=27(87.1)
A2=2/F=1/A2F=0(8.8)
A2=9/F=3/A2F=8(4.8). AS=1(0.2)
A2=1/F=3/A2F=1(4.9), A=102
GENE
FREQUENCIES
qA=1.00
qbTh=.013
qS=.013
qN=.026
qbTh=.Oll
qS=.Oll
qN=.022
qC=.002
qS=.014
qGdA=.009
qGdA-=.018
qA= 1. 00
qA= 1.00
qGdA=.182
qbTh=.044
qbTh=.024
qS=.OOl
qbTh=.025
qA= 1.00
Paris 191\ HbTh AJ=1(0.5), F=3(1.6) qbTh=.008
27
39
Hb
Hb
sickle=O
A=39 qA=1.00

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
GUATEMALA
1309 Mam Maya 50 Hb A=50 qA=1.00
1309 Cakchiquel Maya 45 Hb A=45 qA= 1.00
1309 Kekchi 50 Hb A=50 qA= i .00
551 Black Caribs Livingston 202 Hb AS=29(14.3G), S= ito. 50) , qS=.07G7
(Gar ifuna)
1995 Black Caribs livingston 82 Hb sickle=15(18.3) , qS=.091
1995 Blacks G8 Hb sickle=12( 17 .G) IqS=.088
1995 Guatemalans livingston 28 Hb sickle=7(25.0) qS=.125
BELIZE
1310 Maya San Antonio 149 Hb A=149 qA=1.00
1310 Kekchi Crique Sarco 111 Hb A=111 qA= 1.00
552 Creoles Bel ize Ci ty 127 Hb AS=11(8.7), AC=2(1.G) qS=.043
qC=.008
552 Creoles Stann Creek 77 Hb AS=11( 14.3) qS=.071
552 Black Caribs Stann Creek 328 Gd GdA-=20, GdA=23, GdAB=25, GdB=247
712 Black Caribs Stann Creek 454 Hb AS=100(22.0), SC=1(0.2), AC=13(2.9) qS=.111
qC=.015
552 Black Caribs(mostly Stann Creek 192 Hb AS=28(14.G), S=O, AC=2(1.0), SC=2(1.0) qS=.0781
schoolchildren)
qC=.0104
552 Black Caribs Stann Creek 328 Hb AS=56(17. I), AC=2(0.6), AG=1 qS=.085
qC=.OO3
552 Black Caribs Stann Creek 3491 Hb 1 AS=54(15.5), S=1(0.3), AC=2(0.6) qS=.080
qC= .003
712 Black Caribs Seine Bight 21 11 Hb 1 AS=49(23.2), AC=5(2.4) qS= . 11G
qC=.012
552 Black Carlbs(mostly Seine Bight 127 Hb AS=24(18.9), S=O, AC=2(1.G), SC=O qS=.0945
schoolchildren)
qC=.0079
712 Black Caribs Hopkins 59 Hb AS=15(25.4) qS=.127
552 Black Caribs Hopkins 257 Hb AS=13(5.1), AC=1(0.4) qS=.025
qC= .002
41G

REF.
NO. POPULATION
BELIZE
552 Black Car1bs
552 Black Car1bs(males)
552 Black Car1bs
552 Black Caribs
HONDURAS
1334 Black Caribs
1309 Jicaque
2116 Jicaque
1309 Lenca
1309 Paya
552 Black Caribs(mostly
schoolchildren)
552 Black Caribs(mostly
schoolchildren)
552 Black Caribs(mostly
schoolchildren)
552 Black Caribs(mostly
schoolchi ldren)
552 Black Caribs
525 Hondurans
and Guatemalans
EL SALVADOR
293 Salvadoreans
294 Salvadoreans
294 Salvadoreans
295 Salvadoreans
PLACE
Hopkins
Hopkins
Punta Gorda
Punta Gorda
San Juan
Corozal
Santa Rosa de Aguan
Limon
Tocamacho
Punta Gorda & Roatan
Paris
San Salvador
Zacatecoluca
San Miguel
San Salvador
417
NUMBER
TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS
252
107
237
138
300
49
65
45
47
Gd
Gd
Hb
Hb
Hb
Hb
Gd
Hb
Hb
2931 Hb
342' Hb
4571 Hb
2091 Hb
1301 Hb
781 HbTh
21001 Hb
1361 Hb
921 Hb
6061 HbTh
GdA-=19. GdA=23. GdAB=20, GdB=190
GdA-=19(17.8), GdA-=17(15.9), GdB=66,
Gd-=5(4.7)
AS=25(10.5). AC=1(0.4)
AS=9(6.5), AC=2(1.4)
sickle=24(8.0)
A=49
GdB=65
A=45
A=47
AS=31(10.6), 5=0. AC=O, SC=O
AS=21(6. 1), S=O, AC=6( 1. 8), SC=O
AS=74(16.2), 5=4(0.9), AC=8(1.8)
AS=17(8.1). 5=1(0.5), AC=O, SC=O
AS=17(13.1), 5=1(0.8), AC=1(0.8)
A=78, F=1{1.3)
5=1(0.05), AS=27(1.3)
AS=2(1.5)
AS=1{ 1.1)
A2=18/F=29/A2F=0(7.8), AS=12(2.0), AN=1
GENE
FREQUENCIES
qGdA-=.178
qGdA=.159
qS=.053
qC=.002
qS=.033
qC=.007
qS=.040
qA=1.00
qA= 1.00
qA= 1.00
qS=.0529
qS=.0307
qC= .0088
qS=.0897
qC=.009
qS=.0454
qS=.073
qC= .004
qbTh=.006
qS=.007
qA=.007
qS=.005
qbTh=.039
qS=.OlO
qN=.0008

REF . NUMBER GENE
NO _.__POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
EL SALVADOR
295 Salvadoreans(males) San Salvador 778 Gd gdef:19(2.4) I qdef:.024
295 Salvadoreans(females) San Salvador 416 Gd gdef:25(6.0)
296 Salvadoreans(males) San Salvador 176 Gd GdA=3(1.7). GdB:173 IqGdA:.017
296 Salvadoreans(females) San Salvador 177 Gd GdA:1(0.6) , GdAB:6(3.4). GdB:170 qGdA:.023
525 Salvadorans Paris 32 HbTh A:32. F=O. A2:0
NICARAGUA
1309 Chorotega 66 Hb A=66 qA: 1.00
1309 Rama 40 Hb A:40 qA: 1.00
1309 Subtiaba 28 Hb A:28 qA: 1.00
1309 Sumo 50 Hb A=50 qA: 1.00
1309 Misl

REF.
NO. POPULATION
COSTA RICA
1310 Bribri
1310 Cabecar
1310 Terrabas
1310 Boruca
158 Guaymi
669 Costa Ricans
1735 Caucasians
1735 Mest izos
1735 Negroes
PLACE
Salitre
Ujerras
Terraba
Curres
Limoncito and Abroio
San Jose
San Jose
San Jose
419
NUMBER
TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS
78
46
67
73
Hb
Hb
Hb
Hb
2861 HbTh
120001 HbTh
69111 HbTh
47401 HbTh
3491 HbTh
A=78
A=46
AS=2(3.0)
A=73
515 Bronca 150 Hb A=150
525 Costa Ricans
PANAMA
1310 Guaymi
1310 Guaymi-Cricamola
1310 Choco
1310 San BIas Cuna
1310 San BIas Cuna
664 San BIas Cuna
A2=O, A=286
ACubujuqui=1,ASuresnes=2, AKorle-Bu=1,
AE=3, ANew York=3, B2=36(0.3)
AS=58(0.8), AC=10(0.1), AE=2(0.03),
B2=20(0.3), ACubujuqui=1, A2=16(0.2)
F=3, HPFH=4
S=2, AS=210(4.4), SC=2, AC=20(0.4)
B2=4, ASuresnes=2, ANew York=2, A2=4,
F=4, HPFH=3
S=1, AS=38(10.9),SC=1, AC=13(3.7)
B2=9(2.6), A2F=3(0.9)
GENE
FREQUENC1ES
qA= 1.00
qA= 1.00
qS=.Oi5
qA= 1.00
qB2=.0015
qS=.004
qbTh=.001
qS=.023
qC= .0022
qS=.060
qB2=.013
Paris 471 HbTh A=47, F=1(2.1), A2=0 qbTh=.011
Cerro Iglesia
Almirante and Changuinola
Rio Tuira
Ustupu
Ailigandi
Ailigandi
101
52
80
152
198
98
Hb
Hb
Hb
Hb
Hb
Hb
S=1(1.0), AS=5(5.0)
A=52
A=80
A=152
AS=2
A=98
qS=.035
qA= 1.00
qA= 1.00
qA= 1.00
qS=.005
qA= 1.00
San BIas Cuna(total) Ailigandi 296 Hb AS=2(0.7) qS=.003
2022 Panamanians
2022 Panamanians
2022 Panamanians
New San Juan, Chagres
River
Gatuncillo, Chagres River
Los Guacos, Chagres River
154
38
9
Hb
Hb
Hb
sickle=8(5.2)
sickle=2(5.3)
sickle=O
qS=.026
qS=.026

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
1 1 I
PANAMA
2022 Panamanians Agua Clara, Chagres River 34 Hb sickle=2(5.9) qS=.029
2022 Panamanians Santa Rosa, Chagres River 39 Hb sickle=8(20.5) qS=.103
2022 Panamanians Guayabalito, Chagres River 48 Hb sickle=5(10.4) qS=.052
2022 Panamanians La Laguna, Chagres River 86 Hb sickle=O
2022 Panamanians Mendoza 146 Hb sickle=4(2.7) qS=.014
2022 Panamanians Camaron, Chagres River 74 Hb sickle=12(16.2) qS=.081
426 Whi tes 105 Hb sickle=O
426 Mestizos 395 Hb sickle=3(0.8) qS=.004
426 Mulattos 106 Hb sickle=13(12.3) qS=.061
426 Blacks 264 Hb sickle=38(14.4) qS=.061
2022 Mestizos and Blacks 777 Hb sickle=59(7.6) qS=.038
2022 Mestizos from the 998 Hb sickle=96(9.6) qS=.048
West Indies
2022 Mestizos from 661 Hb 1 sickle=6(9. 1) I qS=.045
Colombia
2022 Mestizos from 111 Hb 1 sickle=4 I qS=.182
Bel ize
2022 Mestizos from 161 Hb I sickle=O
El Salvador
2022 Mestizos from 504 1 Hb I sickle=48(9.5) I qS=.048
Elsewhere
699 Blacks Miramar, Costa Arriba 47/ Hb I AS=3(6.38), AC=2(4.26) I qS=.0319
qC=.0213
699 Blacks Nombre de Oios 1061 Hb I AS=22(20.75), S= 1(0. 94) 1 qS=.ll32
Costa Arriba
699 Blacks Palenque, Costa Arriba 1001 Hb I AS=18(18.0), AC=2(2.0) I qS=.0900
qC= .0100
699 Blacks St. Isabel, Costa Arriba 111 I Hb 1 AS=14(12.61), AC=1(0.90), S=O I qS=.0631
qC=.0045
699 Blacks Palmira, Costa Arriba 571 Hb I AS=9(15.79), AC=3( 5.26), S=O I qS=.0789
qC=.0263
420

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
I I I
PANAMA
699 Blacks Almirante, Bocas del Toro 681 Hb I AS=9(13.24), AC=3(4.41) I qS=.0662
qC= .0220
699 Blacks Bastimentos, Bocas del 621 Hb I AS=4(6.45) I qS=.0322
Toro
699 Blacks Bocas, Bocas del Toro 2261 Hb I AS=24(10.62), AC=15(6.64) , S=1(0.44) qS=.0575
qC=.0332
2022 West Indians Panama 998 Hb sickle=96(9.6) qS=.048
515 Panamanians Colon 3000 Hb AS=900(30.0) qS=.015
515 Panamanians(students) Chipre 1500 Hb AS=255(17.0) qS=.085
525 Panamanians Paris 27 HbTh A=27, A2=0. F=O
CUBA
1561 Whites(males) 840 Gd gdef=22(2.6) qdef=.026
1561 Blacks(males) 265 Gd gdef=24(9.1) qdef=.091
1561 Mestizos(males) 326 Gd gdef=15(4.6) qdef=.046
482 CUbans(colored) Havana 57 Hb sickle=3(5.3) qS=.026
538 Cubans(colored) Havana 200 Hb AS=13(6.5), AC=1(0.5) qS=.032
qC=.002
2026 CUbans(students) Havana 961 Th bTh=7(0.7) I qbTh=.0036
2026 CUbans(patlents with Havana 27 Th bTh=20(24.0)
mil d anem i a )
679 CUbans(males) Havana 257 Gd gdef =1i(4.3 ) I qdef=.043
679 Cubans(females) Havana 230 Gd gdef=4(1.7)
921 Caucaslans(children) Havana 3909 Hb AS=13(0.33), Avariant=4(0.1) qS=.OO17
838 Whites(males) Havana 155 Gd GdB=148(95.48). GdA=5(3.22), GdA-=1(0.64) qGdA-=.0064
GdVariant=1(0.64) qGdA=.0322
838 Whites(males) Havana 158 Hb AS=1(0.63) qS=.0032
2122 Whites(children) Havana 1500 Hb AS=18(1.2) qS=.006
838 MUlattos(males) Havana 145 HbGd GdB=115(79.31), GdA=16(11.03) qGdA-=.0897
GdA-=13(8.97), GdVarlant=1(0.69) qS=.0207
AS=6(4.14), AC=7(4.83) qC=.0241
qGdA= .1103
421

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
I I I
CUBA
1294 CUbans(newborn) Havana
1294 CUbans(newborn) Havana 23631 HbTh I Barts=106(4.5), AS=57(2.4), AC=15(0.6), qS=.012
AGPhiladelphia=1, AFvariant=1 qC=.003
qaTh=.022
1269 Blacks(males) Central region 253 Gd gdef=29(11.5) qdef=.115
1269 Mulattos(males) Central region 483 Gd gdef=38(7.9) qdef=.079
1269 Europeans Central region 1753 Gd gdef=72(3.2) qdef=.032
1269 Blacks(males) Central region 33 Gd gdef=3(9.1) qdef=.091
(cord blood)
1269 Mulattos(males) Central region 74 1 Gd I gdef=6(8.1) I qdef=.081
(cord blood)
1269 Europeans(males) Central region 1021 Gd 1 gdef=4(3.9) I qdef=.039
(cord blood)
525 Cubans Paris 1521 HbTh I A=152, F=1(0.7), B2=1(0.7) I qbTh=.003
HAITI
1193 Haitians Port-au-Prince 602
1
423
Hb Isickle=62(10.3) qS=.051
797 Haitians Port-au-Prince 381 Hb AS=44(11.5), AC=7(1.8) qS=.058
qC=.009
797 Haitians Tortuga 965 Hb sickle=119(12.3) qS=.062
201 Haitians Tortuga 350 Hb sickle=24(6.9) qS=.034
1636 Haitians Borgelat, Plaine du 288 HbTh AS=34 ( 11 . 8 ) , AC=8(2.8), SC= 1(0.3), qS=.061
Cul-de-Sac F=12(4.2), A2=14(4.9) qC=.016
qbTh=.045
162 Haitians Anse a Macon, 1801 Hb I AS=13(7.2) I qS=.0361
lIe de Cayemiles
162 Haitians Pointe Sable, 1361 Hb I AS=23(16.9) 1 qS=.0846
lIe de Cayemiles
162 Haitians Anse du Nord, 67 Hb AS=7(10.4), AC=4(6.0) qS=.0522
lIe de Cayemiles qC=.0298
162 Haitians Nan Palmiste, 25 Hb AS=6(24.0), AC=1(4.0) qS=.1200
lIe de Cayemiles qC=.0200
162 Haitians Pestel, 55 Hb AS=5(9.1), AC=2(3.6) qS=.0454
lIe de Cayemiles qC=.0182

REF.
NO. POPULATION
HAITI
525 Haitians
,JAMAICA
1697 ,Jamaicans(males)
1358 ,Jamaicans
1358 ,Jamaicans(males)
1358 ,Jamaicans(females)
1366 ,Jamaicans
24 ,Jamaicans
(predominantly
Africans, Chinese
East Indians and
Europeans)
24 ,Jamaicans
1013 Maroons
22 Maroons
1365 Rural Jamaicans
(Negroid)
1013 ,Jamaicans
1013 East Indians
1013 Chinese
1013 Germans
24 ,Jamaicans
(predominantly
Blacks)
PLACE
Paris
Glengoffe
August Town
Lawrence Tavern
Lawrence Tavern
Lawrence Tavern
August Town and Lawrence
Tavern
Lawrence Tavern
Accompong
Goshen
Cockburn Pen
Kingston
Seaford Town
424
NUMBER
TESTED SYSTEM
1161 HbTh
631
502
245
245
10171 Hb
8581 HbTh
376
167
Gd
Hb
Gd
Gd
Th
Hb
1401 HbTh
AC=1(0.9), F=3(2.6)
gdef=98(15.5)
RESULTS
S=1(0.2), AS=45(9.0), AC=16(3.2)
gdef=34(13.9)
gdef=10(4.1)
S=1(O.1), AS=122(12.0), sc=1Co.1),
AC=23(2.3), AG=23(2.3)
AS=85(9.91), S=2(0.23), AC=30(3.50), C=O
STh=1(0.12), SC=1C0.12)
AGb=8(0.93), ACG=O, HPFH=1(O.12)
B2=21(24.48), ASB2=2(0.23),
ACB2=1(0.12)
aTh=3(0.80)
sickle=6(3.6)
A2=7/F=2/A2F=O(6.4), AS=14(10.0),
AC=5(3.6), FastA2=1, B2=4(2.9)
GENE
FREQUENCIES
qbTh=.013
qdef=.155
qS=.047
qC=.016
qdef=.139
qS=.061
qC=.013
qG=.013
qS=.0530
qC=.0181
qbTh=.0006
qB2= .0140
qS=.018
qbTh=.032
qS=.050
qC=.018
qfastA2=.OO4
q82=.014
5501 Hb AS=?, AC=?, AD=11(2.0) qD=.010
260
152
100
100
Hb
Hb
Hb
Hb
sickle=10(3.8)
sickle=1(O.7)
sickle=O
sickle=O
Suburbs 3911 HbTh AS=46(11.76), S=O, AC=14(3.58), C=O
STh=O, SC=1(0.26), AGb=O, ACG=1(O.26)
HPFH=2(O.51), A2B=6(1.53), ASB2=O
ACB2=0
24 ,Jamaicans Suburbs 369 Th aTh=3(0.81)
qS=.019
qS=.003
qS=.0601
qC=.0205
qB2= .0077

REF.
NO. POPULATION PLACE
JAMAICA
425
NUMBER
TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS
1013 Caucasians Kingston 70 Hb sickle=O
927 Blacks with sickle
cell anemia
GENE
FREQUENCIES
261 Th aa/aa=105. -a/aa="', -a/-a=45(17.2) qa2Th=.385
396 Blacks 1100 Th -a/-a=44(4.0) qa2Th=.20
928 Blacks(cord blood)
1013 Jamaicans Kingston
61 Th aa/aa=39, -a/aa=18, -a/-a=4(6.6)
1267/ Hb
sickle=71(5.6)
1837 Jamaicans(newborn) Kingston 70000' HbTh A5=7035(10.15), 5=222(0.32), AC=2534(3.62)
5C=141(0.20), Sb+Th=11(0.02)
SbOTh=24(0.03)
1361 Blacks(with bTh) 93 Th bOTh=39, b+Th=54
734 Jamaicans(cord
bloods)
811 Jamaicans(males)
811 Jamaicans(females)
810 Jamaicans(neonates)
929 Jamaicans
(cord bloods)
2169 Jamaicans
2170 Jamaicans
23 Jamaicans
(cord bloods)
809 Jamaicans(adults and
children)(males)
809 Jamaicans(adults and
children)(females)
809 Jamaicans(neonates)
(males)
809 Jamaicans(neonates)
(females)
Kingston
Kingston
Kingston
Kingston
Kingston
700001 HbTh
2171 Gd
212
23
2191
Gd
Gd
Th
1018/ Hb
1531 Th
156611 HbTh
AS=7037(10.05), 5=222(0.32), AC=2533(3.62)
SC=141(0.20), SbTh=35(0.05)
Other=241(0.34)
gdef=32( 14.7.)
gdef=7(3.3), gdef(int)=15(7.1)
gdef=16(69.6)
Barts>2%=84(3.8)
Barts(.1-2.0%)=69(3.1)
5=2(0.2), AS=i06(10.4), SC=2(0.2)
AC=30(2.9)
A2=6(3.9)
A5=1582(10.1), AC=579(3.7), ADIran=2(0.01),
AOSu-Christiansborg=3(0.02) , ADPunjab=1,
AKorleBu=7(0.04), AOchoRios=2(0.01),
AE=1, ACaribbean=1
qa2Th=.213
qS=.028
q5=.0547
qC=.0191
qbTh=.0002
qS=.0547
qC=.0191
qbTh=.00025
qdef=.147
qaTh=.0349
qS=.055
qC= .016
qbTh=.020
q5=.0505
qC=.0185
3421 Gd gdef=49(14.33) qdef=.1433
181 Gd gdef=5(2.76), gdef(int)=10(5.52)
83 Gd gdef=9(10.84) qdef=.1084
76 Gd gdef=3(3.95), gdef(int)=2(2.63)

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
BAHAMAS
876 Bahamians Bimini Island 492 HbTh AS=68(13.8), AC=.13(2.7), AF=15(3.1) qS= .073
SC=2(0.4), SF=2(0.4) qC=.015
qF= .017
DOMINICAN REPUBLIC
1353 Dominicans(males) 132 Gd gdef=14(11.7), gdef(part)=4(3.0) I qdef=. 137
1353 Dominicans(females) 118 Gd gdef=4(3.9), gdef(part)=4(3.9)
913 Creoles 1381 Hb I sickle=8(5.8) qS=.029
515 Dominicans(patients) 4753 Hb AS=570(12.0), AC=143(3.0) qS=.060
qC=.015
525 Dominicans Paris 47 HbTh A=47, F=O. A2=0
PUERTO RICO
2028 Puerto Ricans 337 Gd gdef"17(5.0)
(newborns with
jaundice)
1614 Puerto Ricans 3881 Hb I sickle=9(2.3) qS=.012
1354 Puerto Ricans San vuan 5001 Hb I S=1(0.2), AS=8(1.6), SC=2(0.4), AC"2(0.4) qS".012
qC= .004
2029 Puerto Ricans(Whites) 2631 Hb 1 sickle"2(0.8) qS".004
2029 Puerto Ricans 167 Hb sickle=14(8.4) qS=.042
(Mulattos)
2029 Puerto Ricans(Blacks) 188 Hb sickle=10(5.3) qS=.027
1957 Puerto Ricans(Blacks) 602 Hb S"2(0.3), AS"29(4.8), SC=2(0.3). AC=7(1.2) qS=.029
C=HO.2) qC=.009
1958 Puerto Ricans 10471 Gd I gdef"38(3.6)
1958 Caucasians 1631 Gd I gdef"O
1958 Blacks 1991 Gd 1 gdef=7(3.5)
515 Puerto Ricans San vuan 102131 Hb I AS=337(3.3) qS".016
515 Puerto Ricans San vuan 2317 Hb AS=60(2.6), AC"12(0.5) qS=.013
(newborn) qC=.003
515 Puerto Ricans Central regions 1503 Hb AS=14(0.9) qS=.005
(newborn)
426

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
I I I
LESSER ANTILLES
1045 Guadeloupeans(males) Guadeloupe 431 Gd I GdB=29(67.44), GdA=8(18.60), GdA-=6(13.95) I qGdA-=. 1395
qGdA=.1860
1401 Martiniquians Martinique 2131 Hb \ AS=20(9.4). AC=9(4.2) I qS=.047
qC=.021
1045 Martiniqueans(males) Martinique 331 Gd I GdB=25(75.76). GdA=6(18.18), GdA-=1(3.03) qGdA-=.0303
GdMartinique=1(3.03) qGdA=.1818
513 Martiniquians 111 I Hb I AS=8(7.2), AC=3(2.7) qS=.036
(Negroid Lepers) qC=.014
799 Martin1queans Paris 5001 HbTh I AS=38(7.6), AC=23(4.6), SC=2(0.4) qS=.0400
C=1(0.20), A2=2(0.4), AF=O qC=.027
qbTh=.OO2
1044 West Indians Guadeloupe and Martinique 58\ Hb I AS=5(8.6). AC=2(3.4) I qS=.048
qC=.017
69 West Indians St. Vincent 7481 Hb I AS=65(8.7), AC=20(2.7) I qS=.043
qC=.013
552 Creoles Sandy Bay, St. Vincent 141 Hb I AS=2(14.3). AC=2(14.3) I qS=.007
qC=.007
552 Black Caribs Sandy Bay, St. Vincent 1631 Hb I AS=2(1.2), AC=2(1.2) I qS=.006
qC=.006
I
552 Creoles Owia. St. Vincent 23 Hb A=23
552 Black Caribs Owia, St. Vincent 88 Hb AS=3(3.4) qS=.017
552 Black Caribs Fancy. St. Vincent 21
552 Creoles Fancy, St. Vincent 74 1 Hb AS=19(25.7), AC=4(5.4) qS=.128
qC=.027
428
Hb IAS=2(9.5)
qS=.048
69 West Indians Dominica 6641 Hb I AS=63(9.5), AC=10(1.5) qS=.047
qC= .008
853 Dominicans Dominica 5891 Hb I AS=80(13.6) qS=.068
418 Caribs Salibia Reserve, Dominica 621 HbTh 1 A2=6(9.7), A5=1(1.6) qbTh=.048
qS=.OO8
418 Black Caribs Salibia Reserve, Dominica 651 HbTh I A2=7(7.7), 5=2(3.1), A5=3(4.6) qbTh=.039
qS=.069
418 Others Salibia Reserve, Dominica 31 Th I A2=1 qbTh=.167
893 Caribs Salibia, Dominica 991 Hb I 5=1(1.0), A5=2(2.0) q5=.025

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
I
LESSER ANTILLES
69 West Indians Barbados 912 Hb AS=64(7.0), AC=42(4.6) / qS=.035
qC= .023
69 West Indians St. Lucia 825/ Hb I AS=115(14.0), AC=31(3.8) 1 qS=.070
qC=.019
943 Blacks(males) St. Lucia 4271 Gd I gdef=63(14.8) qdef=.148
521 St. Lucians Babonneau, St. lucia 103 Hb sickle=1O(9.7) qS=.048
521 St. Lucians Castries, St. Lucia 147 Hb sickle=20(13.6) qS=.068
TRINIDAD
493 Tr1nidadians 547 Hb S=4(0.7). AS=33(6.0), AC=16(2.9) qS=.037
qC=.015
910 Blacks 2041 Hb I AS=19(9.3), AC=6(2.9), AE=1, AN=l qS=.047
qC=.015
qE=.002
qN= .002
1973 Blacks(males) 175 Gd gdef=23(13.1) qdef=.131
1973 East Indians(males) 153 Gd gdef=21( 13.7) qdef=. i37
CURACAO
1792 West Indians(males) District 1 112
1791 West Indians District I 506 1 Hb S=1(0.2), AS=24(4.7). SC=1(0.2). AC=20(4.0) qS=.027
qC=.021
429
Gd Igdef=5(4.5)
qdef=.045
1792 West Indians(males) District II 238 Gd gdef=27(1'.3) qdef=.113
1791 West Indians District II 660 Hb S=3(0.4), AS=5G(8.5). SC=2(0.3), AC=40(G.l) qS=.048
qC=.032
1792 West Indians(males) District III 129 Gd gdef=17(13.2) qdef=.132
1791 West Indians District III 336 Hb S=I(0.3). AS=18(5.4). SC=3(0.9). AC=27(8.0) qS= .034
qC=.045
1790 West Indians 2499 Hb sickle=267(10.7) qS=.053
187 West Indians 4746 Hb sickle=206(4.3) qS=.022
108 Curacaoans(oil 4703 Hb AS=29G(6.3) qS=.0315
workers)

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
1 I I
COLOMBIA
389 Providencians Provldencla Island 42 Hb A=42 I oA= 1.00
1672 Katio Indians(males) vuan vose, Cordoba 45 Gd gdef=O
1671 Katio vuan vose, Cordoba 56 Hb A=56 qA= 1.00
1671 Katio Lloro, Choco 88 Hb A=88 qA= 1.00
1671 Katio Nutibara, Antioquia 49 Hb A=49 qA= 1.00
1383 Katios Cristiania, Antioquia 193 Hb A=193 qA= 1.00
1383 Katios Dabeiba, Antioquia 126 Hb A=126 qA= 1.00
1383 Katios Apartado, Antioquia 19 Hb A=19 qA= 1.00
1671 Guambiano Si lvia, Cauca 58 Hb A=58 qA= 1.00
1383 Chocos San vuan River Valley 24 Hb A=24 qA= 1.00
1383 Guahibos San Pedro de Arimena, Mata 41 Hb A=41 qA=1.00
1383 Cunas Caiman River 12 Hb A=12 qA= 1.00
1671 Cuna Rio Caiman, Antioquia 66 Hb A=66 qA= 1.00
1671 Yuco Sierra, Norte Santander 30 Hb A=30 qA=1.00
103 Tunebo San Luis de Chuscal 100 Hb A=100 qA= 1.00
Santander
762 Ica Sierra Nevada de Santa 861 Hb I A=86 I qA= 1.00
Marta
430
762 Ica Sierra Nevada de Santa 74\ Th I A2=0
Marta
762 Paez Tierradentro, Southwest 103J Hb J A=103 I qA= 1.00
Colombia
762 Paez Tierradentro, Southwest 201 Th I A2=0
Colombia
1383 Other Indians 16 Hb A=16 qA= 1.00
1355 Blacks and Mulattos Puerto Tejada 489 Hb sickle=46(9.4) qS=.047
1355 Whites and Indians Puerto Tejada 88 Hb sickle=O
1670 Blacks San vuan River Valley 951 Hb I AS=14(14.7) I qS=.074

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
COLOMBIA
1710 Mestizos Puerto Tejada, Valle de 354 Hb sickle=35(9.9) I qS=.049
Cauca
1710 Others Puerto Tejada, Valle de 224 Hb sickle=4(1.8) I qS=.009
Cauca
1567 Colombians(autopsies) Calli, Valle de Cauca 345 Hb S=2(0.6), AS=33(9.6), 5C=4(1.2). AC=1(0.3). I qS=.059
AJ=1 qC=.007
qJ=.OO1
651 Colombians(cord Medellin, Antioquia 130 Th Barts=3(2.3) qaTh=.012
blood)
1670 Mestizos San Pedro de Arimena 69 Hb A=69 qA=1.00
Mata
1383 Colombians Medellin 1000 Hb AS=11(1.1). SC=1(O.1), AC=1(O.1) qS=.006
qC= .001
1670 Colombians Medellin 5001 Th I A2=2(0.4) qbTh=.002
1670 Colombians Medellin 6001 HbTh I A2=10. 5=8, AS=60, SC=3. AJ=1 qbTh=.008
qS=.066
qC=.002
qJ=.OO1
187 Colombians 771 Hb I sickle=1(1.3) qS=.006
1668 Colombians 68811 HbTh I AS=299(4.3). S5=11(0.2), AC=100(1.5), qS=.023
SC=20(0.3). CC=2(0.03), AD=10(0.15). qC=.009
AJMedellin=8(0.12). ASJMed=4(0.06),
AGKorleBu=4(0.06), CGKorBu=1(O.01),
SGKorBu=1(O.01), AHasharon=2(0.03).
Th=45(0. 7). STh=9(0.13). CTh=2(0.03).
F=3(0.04)
525 Colombians Paris 349 HbTh A5=4(1.1), AC=2(0.6). AE=1(0.3), I qS=.006
A2=1(0.3), F=1(0.3) qbTh=.003
VENEZUELA
2163 Yanomama 788 Gd GdB=788
107 Yanomama 200 Hb A=200 qA=1.00
111 Yanomama 5681 Hb 1 A=568 qA= 1.00
1987 Yanomama 2506
105 Waica(Yanomama) Boca de Ocamo and 141 1 Hb A=141 qA=1.00
Boca de Mavaca, Amazonas
432
Hb I A=2506 I qA=1.00

REF.
NO. POPULATION
VENEZUELA
PLACE
105 Shirishana(Yanomama) Guaviare, Amazonas
2162 Mak i r Hare
1396 Makiritare
1987 Mak i r-Hare
105 Mak i r f tare Alto de Contfnamo,
Amazonas
1992 Cuiva Indians
105 Bare-Baniva
105 Guahibo
105 Piaroa
105 Piaroa
1987 Piaroa
105 Pariri
105 Shaparu
109 Shaparu(Yupa)
438 Yupa
105 MacoHa
105 Irapa
438 Tukuko
1484 Tukuko and Irapa
156 Motilones
105 Motilon
433
NUMBER
TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS
46
70
77
484
Hb
Gd
Gd
Hb
A=46
GdB=70
gdef=1(1.3)
GENE
FREQUENCIES ....
A=484 qA= 1.00
86 Hb A=86 qA= 1.00
104
Puerto Ayacucho, Amazonas 9
Puerto Ayacucho, Amazonas 167
Puerto Ayacucho, Amazonas 89
Puerta de Tamatama, Amazonas 31
Machfques, ZUlfa
Los Angeles del Tukuko,
Zul ia
'rukuko , Zul ia
Ayapafma, Sferra de Perfja
Zulia
Sierra de Perija, Zulfa
Sierra de Perija, Zulia
Sierra de Perfja, Zulia
Sierra de Perfja, Zulia
Sierra de Perija, Zulia
146
Hb
Hb
Hb
Hb
Hb
Hb
711 Hb
171 Hb
1531 HbTh
1101 Hb
1381 Hb
1371 Hb
12
85
112
71
Hb
Hb
Hb
Hb
A=104
•
A=9
A=167
A=89
A=31
A=146
A=71
A=17
AS=1(0.7), A2=1(0.7), HPFH=4(2.6)
sfckle=2(1.8)
A=138
A=137
sickle=O
sickle=O
sfckle=2(1.8)
109 Motilones Bari, Sierra de Perija 1831 HbTh A=183. A2=0
156 Guajaribos 9 Hb sickle=O
A=71
qA=1.00
qA= 1.00
. qA= 1.00
qA= 1.00
qA= 1.00
qA= 1.00
qA= 1.00
qA=1.00
qS=.003
qbTh=.003
qHPFH=.013
qS=.009
qA= 1.00
qA=1.00
qS=.009
qA=1.00

REF.
NO. POPULATION
VENEZUELA
109 Guajiros
105 Carina
105 Yaruro
105 Taurepane
105 Arecuna
105 Camaracoto
105 Panare
109 Guayqueri
1166 Warrau(Guayo)
1166 Warrau(Winikina)
109 Warrau
1165 Paraujano
PLACE
Guajira Peninsula, Zulia
Cachama, Mesa de Guanipa,
Anzoategui
Guachara, Apure
Gran Sabana, Bolivar
Gran Sabana, Bolivar
Gran Sabana, Bolivar
El Mantecal, Bolivar
Porlamar, Nueva Esparta
Orinoco River Delta
Orinoco River Delta
Orinoco River Delta
Sinamaica Lagoon
434
NUMBER
TESTED SYSTEM
1171 HbTh
511 Hb
961 Hb
1071 Hb
421 Hb
811 Hb
321 Hb
1031 HbTh
811 Hb
721 Hb
5861 HbTh
1201 Hb
RESULTS
AS=5(4.3), AC=4(3.4), A2=0
A=51
A=96
A=107
A=42
A=81
A=32
AS=1( 1.0), A2=0
A=81
A=72
A2=4(0.6), HPFH=39(6.7)
As=Ho.8)
5 Paraujano Sinamaica Lagoon 123 Gd gdef=O
107 Paraujano
109 Paraujano
837 Blacks
109 Blacks
109 Blacks
103 Blacks
109 Blacks
103 Blacks
113 Blacks
Sinamaica Lagoon
Sinamaica, Zulia
Paparo, Miranda
Rio Chico, Miranda
Paez District, Miranda
Curiepe
Curiepe, Miranda
Yaracuy
Tapipa
1401 Th
1291 HbTh
401 Hb
471 HbTh
10041 Hb
1401 Hb
2331 HbTh
1201 Hb
2461 HTGd
bTh=25(17.9)
HPFH=3(2.3), A2=0
sickle=5(12.5)
AS=9(19.1), A2=0
AS=46(4.6), SS=l(O.l), SC=1(0.1)
AS=6(4.3), AC=4(2.9), AD=2(1.4)
AS=12(5.2), A2=2(0.9), HPFH=2(0.9)
AS=7(5.8), AC=3(2.5), AD=3(2.5)
gdef=25(10.2), A2=3/F=9/A2F=0(4.9),
S=1(0.4), AS=25(10.2), AC=2(0.8), B2=3(1.2)
GENE
FREQUENCIES
qS=.021
qC= .017
qA= 1.00
qA=1.00
qA= 1.00
qA= 1.00
qA=1.00
qA= 1.00
qS=.005
qA= 1.00
qA=1.00
qbTh=.003
qHPFH=.033
qS=.004
qbTh=.089
qHPFH=.012
qS=.063
qS=.096
qS=.024
qS=.021
qC= .014
qD=.007
qS=.026
qbTh=.004
qS=.029
qC=.012
qD=.012
qbTh=.024
qS=.055

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
VENEZUELA
103 Mestizos Fajardo 103 Hb AS=1(1.0) qS=.005
109 Mestizos Barcelona. Anzoategui 396 HbTh AS=16(4 .0), AC=Ho.3). A2=0 qS=.02
109 Germans Colonia Tovar. Aragua 99 HbTh A=99, A2=0
109 Mestizos Los Sagres, Aragua 48 HbTh IA=48. A2=0
109 Mestizos Ocumare de la Costa. Aragua 627 HbTh AS=58(9.3). AC=15(2.4), AFast=7(1.1), I qS=.048
ASFast=2(0.3). A2=0 qC=,012
qFast=.007
109 Mestizos La Victoria, Aragua 6241 HbTh 1 AS=51(8.2). AC=2(0.3). SS=10(1.6). qS=.041
SC=HO.3). A2=0 qC=.002
109 Mestizos Barinas, Barlnas 211 HbTh 1 A=21. A2=0
109 Mestizos Carabobo 33131 HbTh I AS=86(2.6). AC=27(0.8). HPFH=46(1.4). I qS=.013
AO=3(0.1), AFast=3(0.1). A2=0 qC;;.004
qHPFH=.007
109 Mestizos Cojedes 6671 HbTh 1 AS=38(5.7). AC=6(0.9). HPFH=3(0.4). A2=0 I qS=.028
qC=.004
qHPFH=.002
614 Mestizos Barqulsimeto 213 Hb slckle=9(4.2) IqS=.021
298 Venezuelans Barquisimeto 400 Gd gdef;;29(7.3)
109 Mestizos Lara 1567 HbTh AS;;20(1.3). AC=5(0.3). HPFH=14(0.9). I qS=.006
A2=2(0.1) qC=.002
qHPFH=.004
109 Mestizos El Morro, Merida 113 HbTh A=113, A2=6(5.3) qbTh=.027
109 Mestizos Portuguesa 649 HbTh AS=18(2.8). AC=2(0.3). HPFH=1(0.2), A2=0 qS=.014
qC=.002
109 Mestizos San Cristobal. Tachira 362 HbTh A=362. A2=3(0.8) I qbTh=.004
109 Mestizos La Casa del Cura. Tachlra 20 HbTh A"20. A2=0
109 Mestizos Sorota. Tachira 159 HbTh A=159. A2=0
109 Mestizos El Oro. Tachira 74 HbTh A=74. A2"0
109 Mestizos El Manteca, Bolivar 87 HbTh AS=5(5.7). A2=0 qS=.029
2027 Mestizos Bol ivar 233 Hb sickle=22(9.4) qS=.047
1588 Mestizos Bolivar 300 HbTh A2=2(0.7). AS=14(4.7), AC=3(1.0). AJ;;1 qbTh;;.003
qS=.023
436

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
VENEZUELA
437
I I IqC= .005
qJ=.002
860 Mestizos Truj i 110, Truj i 110 3001 HbTh I A2=2(0.7), OsmRes=14(4.7), AS=5( 1.7) I qbTh=.003
qS=.008
860 Mestizos Valera. Trujillo 300 HbTh OsmRes=33(11.0), AS=1(0.3) qS=.002
109 Mestizos Truj i 110 810 HbTh AS=11( 1.4), AC=2(0.2), HPFH=7(0.9), qS=.007
A2=1(0.1) qC=.001
qHPFH=.004
103 Mestizos Punto Fijo, Falcon 210 Hb sick 1e= 11(5.2) qS=.026
109 Mestizos Adicora, Falcon 92 HbTh AS=2(2.2), A2=0 qS= .011
109 Mestizos Coro, Falcon 501 HbTh AS=19(3.8), AC=4(0.8), AD=1(0.2), qS=.019
A2=2(0.4), HPFH=12(2.4) qC=.004
qHPFH=.012
109 Mestizos Churuguara, Falcon 3051 HbTh 1 AS=4(1.3), AC=1(0.3), HPFH=2(0.7), qS=.007
A2=O, A2'=2(0.7) qHPFH=.003
109 Mestizos Curimagua, Falcon 2071 HbTh I AS=7(3.4), AC=5(2.4), A2=O, A2'=1(0.5) qs> .017
qC=.012
109 Mestizos Falcon 11481 HbTh 1 AS=31(2.7), AC=9(0.8), HPFH=6(0.5), qS=.Oi4
A2=1(0.1) qC= .004
qHPFH=.003
103 Mestizo Students Caracas 1681 HbTh I A2=1(0.6), AS=1(0.6), AC=1(0.6) I qbTh=.003
qS=.003
qC= .003
156 Mestizos Caracas 3970 Hb sickle=105(2.6) qS=.013
156 Whites Caracas 1248 Hb sickle=19( 1.5) qS=.008
104 Venezuelans Caracas 434 HbTh A2=5(1.2), AS=6(1.4), AK=1 qbTh=.006
A2'=1 qS=.007
qK=.001
156 Venezuelans Caracas 6381 Hb sicl:

REF.
NO. POPULATION
VENEZUELA
PLACE
861 Venezuelan Children Caracas
(surgery patients)
107 Venezuelan Children Caracas
(medical patients)
107 Venezuelans(anemia Caracas
patients)
107 Venezuelans(patients Caracas
107 Venezuelans(relatives Caracas
of anemia patients)
187 Venezuelans
525 Venezuelans
GUYANA
112 Wapishana
f987 Wapishana
1987 Macushi
112 Macushi
112 Acawai
104 Wapishana, Macushi,
and Acawai
SURINAME
438
NUMBER
TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS
GENE
FREQUENCIES
2001 Hb AS=2( 1.0) qS=.005
5001 HbTh
1531 Hb
3681 Hb
283
123
Hb
Hb
AS=9(1.8), AC=3(0.6), AD=1(0.2), A2=4(0.8)
SS=7(1.4), SC=1(0.2)
AS=14(9.2), SS=55(35.9), SC=3(0.2),
AC=1(0.7), CC=1(O.7), SD=2(1.3), CF=1(O.7)
AS=38(10.3), AC=4(1.1), SC=1(0.3),
AK=1(0.3), A2=14(3.8), A2'=3(0.8)
AS=96(33.9), SS=6(2.1), SC=2(0.7),
AC=9(3.2), AD=16(5.7), A2=45(15.9),
A2'=2(0.7)
sickle=O
qS=.024
qC= .004
qS=.415
qC=.023
qS=.053
qC= .007
qS=.194
qC=.019
Paris 2841 HbTh AD=2(0.7) qD= .004
Aishalton
Lethem
Kamarang
120
62
186
118
87
79
Hb
Hb
Hb
Hb
Hb
Th
A=120
A=62
A=186
A=118
A=87
A2=0
qA=1.00
qA= 1.00
qA=1.00
qA= 1.00
qA=1.00
1503 Indians 50001 HbTh F=5(0.1), AD=11(0.2) qbTh=.0005
qD= .001
1285 Carib(males)
1285 Carib(females)
785 Carib Indians Bernhardsdorp and
Bigipoika Villages
785 Carib Indians(males) Bernhardsdorp and
Bigipoika Villages
785 Carib Indians
(fema1es)
Bernhardsdorp and
Bigipoika Villages
401 Gd
83
297
64
Gd
Hb
Gd
gdef=1(2.5)
gdef=3(3.6)
AS=14(4.71)
GdB=62(96.88), GdA=2(3.12)
102 Gd GdB=90(88.24), GdA=3(2.94), GdBA=9(8.82)
qdef=.025
qS=.0236
qGdA=.0312

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
SURINAME
440
I I ,-
qS=.069
qC=.021
qB2= .011
1912 Djukas(Bush Negroes) Upper Surinam River 100 Gd GdA=28(28.0). GdB=55(55.0). Gd+=3(3.0) qGdA-=.120
(males) GdA-=12(12.0), Gd-=2(2.0) qGdA=.280
1586 Djukas(Bush Negroes) Brokopondo, Middle 336 HTGd gdef =65 ( 19.3) , A2=3(0.9), AS=60(17.9) qdef=.193
(males) Surinam River SC=1(0.3), AC=14(4.2), B2=7(2.1) qbTh=.004
qS=.091
qC=.022
qB2= .010
1912 Djukas(8ush Negroes) Brokopondo, Middle 90 Gd GdA=22(24.4). GdB=46(51.1), Gd+=5(5.6), qGdA-=.133
(males) Surinam River GdA-=12(13.3), GdB-=2(2.2). Gd-=3(3.3) qGdB-=.022
qGdA=.244
1586 Djukas(Bush Negroes) Tapanahony River 88 HTGd gdef=14(15.9), A2=1(1.1), AS=19(21.6) qdef=.159
(males) AC=2(2.3) qbTh=.006
qs> .108
qC= .011
1912 Djukas(Bush Negroes) Tapanahony River 35 Gd GdA=8(22.9), GdB=22(62.9), GdA-=3(8.6) qGdA-=.086
(males) GdB-=2(5.7) qGdB-=.057
qGdA=.229
1586 Djukas(Bush Negroes) North Suriname 115 HTGd gdef=8(7 .0), A2=1(0.9), AS=12(10.4) qdef=.070
(males) AC=7(6.1). 82=2(1.7) qbTh=.004
qS=.052
qC=.030
qB2=.009
1912 Djukas(Bush Negroes) North Suriname 31/ Gd I GdA=6(19.4), GdB=21(67.7). Gd+=1(3.2) qGdA-=.065
(males) GdA-=2(6.5). GdB-=1(3.2) qGdB-=.032
qGdA=.194
514 Creoles 789 Hb sickle=88(11.2) qS=.056
1285 0avanese(males) 66 Gd gdef=2(3.0) qdef=.030
1285 0avanese(females) 17 Gd gdef=1(5.9)
514 Hindus and Whites 231 Hb sickle=O
515 Negroes 336 Hb AS=35( 10.4), AC=5( 1.5) qS=.052
qC= .007
515 Hindus 10191 Hb I AS=7(0.7) qS=.003
515 Indonesians 3041 Hb I AS=2(0.6) qS=.003

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
SURINAME
515 Creoles 733 Hb AS=94(12.8). AC=20(2.7) IqS=.064
qC=.014
FRENCH GUIANA
419 Boni Upper Maron1 River 162 HbTh A2=0/F=7/A2F=0(4.3). AS=29(17.9), qbTh= .022
AC=11(6.8) qS=.090
qC=.034
1836 Bon1 Upper Maroni River 37 Gd gdef=4(10.8)
1836 Oyana Maripassoula 17 Gd gdef=O
1836 Gal ibi Maripassoula 51 Gd gdef=2(3.9)
1836 Negroes Cayenne 22 Gd gdef=3(13.6)
1836 Whites Cayenne 12 Gd gdef=O
1836 Indonesians Sinnamary River 29 Gd gdef =1( 3.4)
404 Oyampi Upper Oyapoc River 117 HbTh A2=6/F=21/A2F=1(23.9). A=117 qbTh=.124
qA= 1.00
404 Oyana Upper Maroni River 1061 HbTh 1 A2=2/F=12/A2F=0(13.2). A=106 qbTh=.066
qA=1.00
404 Emerillon Camopi and Tampoc Rivers 331 HbTh I A2=3/F=4/A2F=0(21.2). A=33 qbTh= . 106
qA= 1.00
404 Galibi Maroni River Mouth 2141 HbTh I A2=6/F=1/A2F=0(3.3). AS=21(9.8). AC=1(0.5) qbTh=.016
qS=.049
qC=.002
404 Palikur Oyapoc River Mouth 751 HbTh I A2=3/F=1/A2F=0(5.3). AS=1(1.3) qbTh=.027
qS=.007
416 Boni(Bush Negroes) Maroni River
2124 Creoles Cayenne 34:1 Hb AS=35(10.1). AC=6(1.7) qS=.051
qC= .009
441
Hb I AS=(17.9). AC=(6.8)
730 Creoles Cayenne 102 Hb sickle=4(3.9) qS=.020
730 Europeans Cayenne 36 Hb s1ckle=0
730 Arabs Cayenne 10 Hb sickle=O
730 Syrians Cayenne 3 Hb sickle=O
730 Chinese Cayenne 8 Hb sickle=O

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
FRENCH GUIANA
1991 Wayampi Oyapock River 213 Hb A=213
1991 Emer i llon Tanpok & Camopi Rivers 48 Hb A=48
258 Waiapi Amapari, Aramira and 135 Hb A=135 I qA= 1.00
Mariru Villages, Amapa
Territory, Lower Amazonia
258 Waiapi(males) Amapari, Aramira and 681 Gd I GdB=68
Mariru Villages. Amapa
Territory, Lower Amazonia
258 Waiapi (females) Amapari. Aramira and 631 Gd I GdB=63
Mariru villages, Amapa
Territory, Lower Amazonia
BRAZIL
1305 Assurini Trocara. Para 15 Hb A=15 qA=1.00
1305 Gal ibi Diapoque River, Amapa 38 Hb AS=5(13.2) qS=.066
1876 Pariukur Uaca and Urukua. Amapa 98 Hb sickle=O
1876 Gal iby Curipy River, Amapa 123 Hb sickle=O
1876 Caripuna Curipy River, Amapa 48 Hb sickle=O
1876 Indians(mixed) Curipy River. Amapa 91 Hb sickle=O
1772 Tiriyo Parude Oeste River 127 Hb A=127 qA= 1.00
1305 Uapixana San Marco, Roraima 10 Hb A=10 qA=1.00
1305 Macuxi San Marco, Raposa, and 46 Hb A=46 qA= 1.00
Contao. Roraima
1766 Macushi Chumina. Roraima 42 Hb A=42
1766 Macushi Chumina. Roraima 41 Th A2=0
1766 Macushi Napoleao. Roraima 61 HbTh A=61, A2=0
1766 Macushi Guariba. Roraima 82 HbTh A=82. A2=0
1305 Uaica Uaica 48 Hb A=48 qA=1.00
1305 Xirixano Mucajai 24 Hb A=24 qA=1.00
1305 Paramiteri Mucajai 9 Hb A=9 qA= 1.00
442

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
BRAZIL
1305 Cacarapai Mucajai 8 Hb A=8 qA= 1.00
1770 Yanomama 423 Hb A=423 qA= 1.00
1770 Mayongong 71 Hb A=71 I qA= 1.00
1758 Indians in a Mato Grosso 154 Gd GdB=154
malarious area
1770 Xingu Mato Grosso 25 Hb A=25 I qA= 1.00
1876 Bororo Northern Mato Grosso 121 Hb sickle=O
1876 Taunay and Lalima Miranda District, Mato 4 Hb sickle=O
Grosso
1876 Mixed(White-Indian) Miranda District, Mato 1424 Hb sickle=O
Grosso
1876 Tereno Southern Mato Grosso 230 Hb sickle=O
1876 Cayua Southern Mato Grosso 239 Hb sickle"O
1876 Cadueo Southern Mato Grosso 17 Hb sickle=O
1876 Guarani Southern Mato Grosso 8 Hb sickle=O
1876 Laiano Southern Mato Grosso 10 Hb sickle=O
1876 Quinquinan Southern Mato Grosso 3 Hb sickle"O
1876 Mixed Indians Southern Mato Grosso 80 Hb sickle=O
1459 Xavante Sao Domingoes, Mato Grosso 79 HbGd gdef=O, A=79 I qA= 1.00
1990 Xavante Sao Domingoes 75 Th A2=0
1990 Xavante Simoes Lopes and Sao 214 GdTh GdB=214, A2=0
Marcos, Mato Grosso
1990 Xavante Simoes Lopes and Sao 376 Hb A=376
Marcos, Mato Grosso
1770 Xavante San Marcos, Mato Grosso 490 Hb A=490 qA= 1.00
1765 Cayapo South Para 96 HbGd gdef=O, A=96 qA= 1.00
1767 Cayapo(Xikrin) 61 Hb A=61 qA=1.00
1767 Cayapo(Kuben-Kran- 1811 Hb I A=181 I qA= 1.00
Kegu)
443

REF.
NO. POPULATION
BRAZIL
PLACE
445
NUMBER
TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS
1765 Indlans(mixed) Manaus, Amazonas 90 Hb sickle=O
130 Brazilians(patients) Belem. Para
1826 Brazilians Belem
130 Brazilians Belem, Para
1765 Brazilians Codajas, Amazonas
1765 Indians
1819 Brazilians
1876 Canella
1876 Guajajara
1048 Caraja
1296 Brazilians
1876 Brazilians
741 Whites
741 Mixed
1765 Brazllians
1270 Whites
1270 MUlattos
1270 Blacks
133 Brazilians
(schoolchildren)
133 Brazilians
(schoolchildren)
(males)
135 MUlatos(light)
(males)
Rio Andira, Amazonas
Parintins, State of
Amazonia
Barro do Corda, Maranhao
Barro do Corda, Maranhao
Bananal, Goyaz
Fortaleza, Ceara
Aguas Bellas, Pernambuco
Natal
Natal
PaUlo Afonso, Bahia
Salvador, Bahia
Salvador, Bahia
Salvador, Bahia
Bahia
Bahia
Bahia
600
2000
583
672
100
474
299
12
86
179
166
133
615
200
249
507
244
1200
369
242
Hb
Hb
Hb
Hb
Hb
Hb
Hb
Hb
Hb
Hb
Hb
Hb
Hb
Hb
Hb
Hb
Hb
Hb
Gd
Gd
AC=6(1.0), AS=17(2.8), HbAPuertoAlegre=O
Porto Alegre=2(0. 1)
AC=3(0.5), AS=9(1.5)
APuerto Alegre=1(0.2)
sickle=25(3.7)
sickle=O
AS=4(0.84)
sickle=O
sickle=O
sickle=O
S=2(1.1), AS=6(3.4), AC=2(1.1)
sickle=3(1.8)
AS=2(1.5), AC=O
AS=11(1.8), AC=2(0.3)
AS=9(4.5), AC=1(0.5)
sickle=O
sickle=29(4.9)
sickle=21(8.6)
AS=89, S=O, AC=41, C=O, SC=O
GdB=285(77.24), Gd-Mediterranean=6(1.63)
GdA=38(10.30). GdA-=38(10.30).
Gdvariant=2(0.54)
gdef=19(7.90)
GENE
FREQUENCIES
qC= .005
qS=.0142
qPtAI=.0005
qC=.0026
qS=.0077
qPtA 1=.0009
qS=.019
qS=.0042
qS=.028
qC= .006
qS=.009
qS=.008
qS=.009
qC=.002
qS=.022
qC= .002
qS=.029
qS=.043
qS=.0371
qC-.0171
qGdA-=.1030
qGdA=.1030
qdef=.0785

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
I I I
BRAZIL
135 Mulatos(medium) Bahia 415 1 Gd I gdef=29(7.0) I qdef=.0699
(males)
135 Mulatos(black) Bahia 158 1 Gd I gdef=18(11.4) I qdef=.1139
(males)
1929 Brazilians(mothers) Bahia 10081 Hb I AS=54(0.5), AC=24(0.2), SS=2(0.02) qS= .027
qC=.012
1048 Mulattos Itaparica Island, Bahia 70 Hb sickle=11(15.7) qS=.079
134 Brazilians Itaparica Island 293 Hb AS=22, S=1, AC=12, C=O, SC=O qS=.0392
(schoolchildren) qC=.0222
(white, mulatto and
black)
134 Brazilians Itaparica Island 115 Gd GdB=84, GdA=25. GdA-=6 qdef=.0522
(males) qGdA=.214
1448 Whites(males) Northeast Brazil 660 Gd gdef=31(4.7) qdef=.047
1448 Light Mulattos(males) Northeast Brazil 127 Gd gdef=10(7.9) qdef=.079
1448 Dark Mulattos and Northeast Brazil 996 Gd gdef=85(8.5) qdef=.085
Blacks(males)
1408 Brazilians Northeast Brazil 2098 Hb AS=83(4 .0), AC=29(1.4) IqS=.020
qC= .007
1765 Whi tes Belo Horizonte, Minas 72 Hb sickle=O
Gerais
1765 Mulattos and Blacks Belo Horizonte, Minas 128 Hb sickle=8(6.2) I qS=.031
Gerais
1765 Whi tes Belo Horizonte, Minas 250 Hb AS=3(1.2), AD=1 qS=.006
Gerais qD=.002
1765 Mulattos Belo Horizonte, Minas 350/ Hb / AS=16(4.6), AC=10(2.9), AD= 1. A?=1 qS=.023
Gerais qC=.014
qD=.001
1765 Blacks Belo Horizonte, Minas 400/ Hb I AS=46 ( 11 .5) , SC=HO.2), AC=12(3.3), AD=2 I qS=.059
Gerais Avariant=1 qC=.016
qD= .002
1288 Negroes(males) Belo Horizonte, 10001 Gd I gdef=78(7.8) I qdef=.078
(patients) Minais Gerais
1765 Whites Duque de Caxias, Rio de 1051 Hb I sickle=O
Janeiro
446

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
BRAZIL
1765 Mulattos Duque de Caxias, Rio de 120 Hb sickle=4(3.3) I qS= .017
Janeiro
1765 Blacks Duque de Cax1as, Rio de 720 Hb sickle=37(5.1 ) I qS=.026
Janeiro
1765 Indians(mixed) Duque de Caxias, Rio de 17 Hb sickle=O
Janerio
1875 Blacks Rio de Janeiro 890 Hb sickle=93(10.4) qS=.052
1875 MUlattos Rio de Janeiro 140 Hb sickle=11(7.9) qS=.039
1875 Mixed Bloods Rio de Janeiro 100 Hb sickle=9(9.0) qS=.045
1875 Whites Rio de Janeiro 120 Hb sickle=O
1875 Mongoloids Rio de Janeiro 301 Hb I sickle=O
1765 Blacks(patients) Rio de Janeiro 80 Hb sickle=5(6.2) qS=.031
1765 White Soldiers Rio de Jan-e i ro 1232 Hb sickle=7(0.6) qS=.003
1765 Mulatto Soldiers Rio de Janeiro 454 Hb sickle=19(4.2) qS=.021
1765 Negro Soldiers Rio de Janeiro 249 Hb sickle=22(8.8) qS=.044
1048 Whites Rio de Janeiro 86 Hb sickle=O
1048 Blacks Rio de Janeiro 32 Hb sickle=O
1048
331
Mulattos
Blacks
Rio de Janeiro
Santos, Sao Paulo
203
302
Hb sickle=6(3.0)
sickle=27(8.9)
Hb I
qS=.015
qS=.045
331 Mulattos Santos, Sao Paulo 329 1 Hb sickle=22(6.7) qS=.033
331 Black Schoolchildren Santos, Sao Paulo 117 Hb slckle=3(2.6) qS=.013
331 Negro Asylum Inmates Santos, Sao Paulo 55 Hb sickle=2(3.6) qS=.018
332 Whites Santos, Sao Paulo 64 Hb sickle=O
159 Indians(Terena, Sao Paulo 381 Gd I gdef=O
Guarani, Caigangue
Mestizos)
1765 Blacks Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 330 Hb sickle=16(4.8)
I qS=.024
160 Blacks(males) Sao Paulo 100 HbGd AS=5(5.0), gdef=6(6.0) qS=.025
qdef=.060
447

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
BRAZIL
100 Whites Sao PaUlo, Sao Paulo 9281 HbTh 1 A2=7(0.8), S=2(0.2), AS=2(0.2), AC=2(0.2), I qbTh=.004
C=2(0.2), AD=3. AG=5 qS=.003
qC= .003
qD=.002
qJ=.003
100 Mulattos Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 1101 HbTh I A2=2(1.8), S=1(0.9), AS=6(5.4). SC=2(1.8) IqbTh=.009
AC=1(0.9), AG=1 qS=.045
qC=.014
qG=.004
100 Blacks Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 3301 HbTh I A2=10(3.0), S=3(0.9), AS=23(7.0). SC= HO. 3) I qbTh=.015
AC=2(0.6). AD=2 qS=.045
qC=.004
qD= .003
192 Whites(males) Sao Paulo. Sao Paulo 234 Gd gdef=9(3.8) qdef=.038
192 Whites(lepers)(males) Sao Paulo. Sao Paulo 323 Gd gdef=9(2.8) qdef=.028
192 Blacks(lepers) Sao Paulo City. Sao Paulo 83 Gd gdef=8(9.6) qdef=.096
(males)
1048 Japanese Sao Paulo 89 Hb s1ckle=0
985 Brazilians(females) Sao Paulo(Iguape) 59 HbGd gdef=2( 3.39), AS= H 1.70) I qS=.0085
985 Brazilians(males) Sao Paulo(Iguape) 29 Gd gdef=2(6.9) I qdef=.0690
1759 Caucasians(males) Sao Paulo 72 Gd gdef=1(1.4) I qdef=.014
1759 Caucasians(males) Sao Paulo 60 Gd GdB=60
1759 Caucasians(females) Sao Paulo 27 Gd GdAB=2(7.4), GdB=25 I qGdA=.037
191 Caucasians(lepers) Bauru. Sao Paulo 323 Gd gdef=9(2.8) I qdef=.028
(males)
191 Caucasians(lepers) Campinas, Sao Paulo 234 Gd gdef=9(3.8) I qdef=.038
(males)
1759 Japanese(males) Sao Paulo 43 Gd gdef=O
1760 Japanese(males) Sao Paulo 66 Gd gdef=O
1760 Japanese(females) Sao Paulo 61 Gd gdef=O
1759 Japanese(males) Sao Paulo 421 Gd I GdB=42
1759 Japanese(females) Sao Paulo 401 Gd I GdB=40
448

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
8RAZIL
1759 8Iacks(males) Sao Paulo 49 Gd gdef=4(8.2) qdef=.082
1759 8Iacks(males) Sao Paulo 48 Gd GdA=5(10.4). Gd8=43 qGdA=.104
1759 8Iacks(females) Sao Paulo 8 Gd GdB=8
1648 Caucasians(males) Sao Paulo 156 Gd gdef=4(2.56} qdef=.0256
1648 Blacks(males) Sao Paulo 48 Gd gdef=5( 10.42) qdef=.1042
191 8Iacks(males) 8auru. Sao PaUlo 83 Gd gdef=8(9.6) qdef=.096
1048 Whi tes Piracicaba. Sao Paulo 87 Hb sickle=O
1048 Mulattos Piracicaba, Sao PaUlo 41 Hb sickle=1(2.4) IqS=.012
2212 8razilians(mothers) Ribeirao Preto. San Paulo 602 HbTh AS=11(2.8), AC=5(0.5), bTh=3(0.5). CbTh= 1, qS=.14
F=2(0.3), AGPhiladelphia=1
2212 8razilians(newborn) Ribeirao Preto. San Paulo 6061 HbTh \ AS=8(1.3), AC=3(0.5) • S=1, Barts=4(0.1) qS=.001
AGPhlladelphia=1 qaTh=.0035
2212 Brazillans(children) Rlbelrao Preto, San Paulo 400\ HbTh AS=5(1.3). AC=1(1.8). bTh=5(1.3), F=1 qS=.008
A2variant=2. SbTh=1 qC=.009
1048 Whi tes Ilhabella, Sao Sebastiao 17 Hb sickle=O
Island
1048 Whi tes Buzios and Vitoria, Sao 73 Hb sickle=1C 1.4) I qS=.007
Sebastlao Island
1048 Mulattos Ilhabella, Sao Sebastiao 43 Hb sickle=2(4.6) I qS=.023
Island
1765 Whites cur t t tba , Parana 123 Hb slckle=O
1765 Mulattos Curitlba, Parana 145 Hb sickle=6(4.1) I qS=.021
17155 Blacks Curitiba. Parana 198 Hb sickle=8(4.0) I qS=.020
1048 Caingang Palmas, Parana 77 Hb slckle=O
1770 Caingang Rio Grande do SuI 334 Hb A=334 qA= 1.00
1710 Aweikoma-Caingang Santa Catarina 121 Hb A=121 qA= 1.00
1710 Guarani Duque de Caxias 34 Hb A=34 qA= 1.00
1710 Caingang(mestizos) Santa Catarina 111 Hb AS=1(0.9) IqS=.004
1710 Guarani(mestizos) Santa Catarina 12 Hb A=12 qA=1.00
449

REF.
NO. POPULATION
BRAZIL
1770 Caingang(mestizos)
751 Guarani
751 Guarani(mixed)
751 Caingang
751 Caingang
751 Caingang(mixed)
751 Caingang(mixed
1198 Whites(males)
1198 Whltes(females)
1198 Mestizos(males)
1198 Mestizos(females)
2024 Mestizos
1198 Mulattos(males)
1198 MUlattos(females)
2024 MUlattos
1198 Blacks(males)
1198 Blacks(females)
2024 Blacks
2160 Blacks(males)
PLACE
Rio Grande do SuI
Nonoai. Rio Grande do SuI
Nonoai. Rio Grande do SuI
Rio Grande do SuI
Rio Grande do SuI
Rio Grande do SuI
Rio Grande do SuI
Porto Alegre. Rio Grande
do SuI
Porto Alegre, Rio Grande
do SuI
Porto Alegre, Rio Grande
do SuI
Porto Alegre, Rio Grande
do SuI
Porto Alegre, Rio Grande
do SuI
Porto Alegre. Rio Grande
do SuI
Porto Alegre. Rio Grande
do SuI
Porto Alegre. Rio Grande
do SuI
Porto Alegre. Rio Grande
do SuI
Porto Alegre, Rio Grande.
do SuI
Porto Alegre, Rio Grande
do SuI
Porto Alegre
450
NUMBER
TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS
106
47
5
334
27
106
22
102
141
101
257
320
99
225
357
116
197
337
278
Hb
Hb
Hb
Hb
Hb
Hb
Hb
Gd
Gd
Gd
Gd
Hb
Gd
Gd
Hb
Gd
Gd
Hb
Gd
A=106
sickle=O
sickle=O
A=334
sickle=O
A=106
sickle=O
gdef=1(1.0), gdef(int)=3(2.9)
gdef=2(1.4). gdef(int)=5(3.6)
gdef=9(8.9). gdef(int)=2(2.0)
gdef=6(2.3). gdef(int)=31(12.1)
AS=9(2.8), AC=2(0.6), AD=2
gdef=13(13.1), gdef(int)=2(2.0)
gdef=11(4.9), gdef(int)=20(8.9)
AS=21(5.9), AC=6(1.7)
gdef =13 ( 11 . 2 )
gdef=3(1.5). gdef(int)=34(17.3)
AS=30(8.9). AC=3(0.9)
GdA=23(8.3). GdA-=17(6.1). Gd-Med=1(0.4)
GdMinasGerals=1
GENE
FREQUENCIES
qA= 1.00
qA=1.00
qA=1.00
qdef=.039
qdef=.109
qS=.014
qC= .003
qD=.003
qdef=.152
qS=.029
qC=.008
qdef=.112
qS=.044
qC=.004
qGdA=.083
qGdA-=.061
qGd-Med=.004

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
BRAZIL
2160 Blacks Porto Alegre 757 Hb AS=25(3.3). AC=1(O.1) qS=.017
qC=.001
2160 Whites(males) Porto Alegre 184 Gd GdA=3( 1.6). GdA-=3(1.0), GdMed=5(2.7) qGdA=.016
GdSL=1(0.5) qGdA-=.016
2160 Whi tes , Porto Alegre 517 Hb AS=4(0.8), AC=2(0.4) qS=.004
qC=.002
2160 Blacks(newborn) Porto Alegre 308 Hb S=1
2160 Whites(newborn) Porto Alegre 190 Hb AC=l
1769 Light MUlattoes Porto Alegre, Rio Grande 949 Hb S=1(0.1), AS=36(3.8), SC=1(O.1), AC=6(0.G) • qS=.021
do SuI AD=2(0.2) qC= .004
qD=.001
1769 Dark MUlattoes Porto Alegre, Rio Grande
do SuI
889
1
Hb I S=1(O.1), AS=60(6.8), AC=11(1.2), AD=2(0.2) qS=.035
qC= .006
qD=.001
1769 Blacks Porto Alegre, Rio Grande 884 Hb I AS=90(10.2). AC=11(1.2) qS=.051
do SuI 1
qC=.006
1647 Caucasians 2061 Hb 1 AS=1(0.48 qS=.0024
1647 Blacks 43 Hb AS=4(9.3) qS=.0024
1647 uapanese 1 Hb AS=O
960 Brazilians Porto Alegre 772 Gd GdMinasGerais-1 ike=1(0. 13)
GdSeattle-like=1(0.13)
GdPortoAlegre=1(0.13)
463 Caucasoid(with 4011 Hb I AS=3(0.75) I qS=.0037
leprosy)
463 Caucasoid(normal) 354 Hb AS=O
463 Negroid(with 88 Hb AS=8(9.09) I qS=.0454
leprosy)
463 Negroid(normal) 164 Hb AS=12(7.32) qS=.0366
99 Whi tes 928 Hb A2' =1( O. 1 1 ) qA2'=.0005
99 Campos 10001 Hb I AS=115(11.5), AC=30(3.0), AD=5(0.5) qS=.0575
qC=.0150
qD=.0025
525 Brazilians Paris 8161 HbTh I AD=1, A2Flatbush=1, B2=1, A2=4(0.5), I qbTh=.005
F=4(0.5)
451

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
I I I
PARAGUAY
1307 Chamacoco Bahia Negra, Olfmpo 10 Hb A"'10 qA"'1.00
1307 Moro Boqueron Department 36 Hb A"'36 qA"'1.00
1307 Toba Laguna Pora 60 Hb A"'60 qA'"1.00
1307 Guayakf San uuan Nepomuceno, 49 Hb A"'49 qA=1.00
Caazapa
370 Guayakf HbGd gdef"'(O.O) , A"'(100.0)
371 Ache Kwera Guayaki Arroyo Moroti 40 Hb A"'40, Th"O, gdef"O qA" 1.00
371 Ache Gatu Guayaki Arroyo Moroti 22 HbTh A"'22, Th"'O, gdef"O qA"1.00
371 Guafcuruan Toba Lama Plata 45 HbTh A=45, Th"'O, gdef;'O qA"'1.00
371 Mascofan Sanapana La Esperanza 104 HTGd A"'104, Th"'O, gdef"'O qA"'1.00
371 Lengua Yalve Sanga 47 HTGd A=47, Th"O,gdef"'O qA=1.00
1307 Lengua Yalva Sanga, Boqueron 40 Hb A"'40 qA"'1.00
371 Lengua Loma Plata 3 HTGd A=3, Th=O. gdef"'O qA"'1.00
371 Chulupf Marescal Estfgarrfba 27 HTGd A"27, Th"O, gdef"O qA"'1.00
371 Chulupl Filadelffa 91 HTGd A"'91, Th"'O. gdef"'O qA"'I.OO
371 ChlJlupf West of Marescal 7 HTGd A"'7. Th"'O, gdef"'O
Estfgarrfba
1307 Chulupf Ffladelfla. Boqueron 51 Hb A"'51 qA'"1.00
371 Cheroti Santa Rosa 21 HTGd A"'21. Th=O, gdef"'O qA=1.00
371 Cherotl West of Marescal 10 HTGd A=10, Th=O, gdef"'O qA"'1.00
Estigarriba
2116 Chorote 115 Gd GdB=115
371 Ayore Salesian Camp 72 HTGd A"'72, Th"'O. gdef"'O
371 Ayore Loma Plata 1 HTGd A"'1. Th=O. gdef"'O qA=1.00
1768 Ayoreo Marla Aux1liadora 182 Hb A"'182 qA"'1.00
369 AI ',yore(Moro) HbGd gdef"'(O.O) , A=(100.0)
371 Guarayu Marescal Estigarr1ba 15 HTGd A=15. Th=O. gdef=O I qA=1.00
452

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
I I I
PARAGUAY
371 Tapiete Marescal Estigarriba 19 HTGd A=19, Th=O, gdef=O qA=1.00
371 Lengua-Maca Yalve Sanga 5 HTGd A=5. Th=O. gdef=O qA=1.00
371 Lengua-Chulupi Yalve Sanga 4 HTGd A=4, Th=O, gdef=O qA=1.00
371 Chulupi-Cheroti Filadelfia 6 HTGd A=6, Th=O. gdef=O
371 Chulupi-Guarayu Marescal Estigarriba 1 HTGd A=1. Th=O. gdef=O qA=1.00
371 Mennonite Colonists Lorna Plata 51 HTGd A=51, Th=O. gdef=O qA= 1.00
525 Paraguayans Paris 101 HbTh A=101. A2=O, F=O
URUGUAY
525 Uruguayans Paris 2121 HbTh 1 A=212. A2=1(0.5) I qbTh=.002
ARGENTINA
1308 D1aguita Tartagal. Salta 26 Hb A=26 qA= 1.00
1308 Mataco Itiyuro River 26 Hb A=26 qA= 1.00
2116 Mataco 166 Gd GdB=166
1308 Chiriguano Tartagal. Salta 55 Hb A=55 qA= 1.00
1308 Chanes Salta Province 54 Hb A=54 qA=1.00
1308 Choroti La Merced Tabacal, Salta 92 Hb A=92 qA=1.00
1308 Chulupi Tabacal, Salta 37 Hb A=37 qA= 1.00
1308 Toba Salta Province 24 Hb A=24 qA= 1.00
1308 Araucano(Mapuche) Rucachoroy, Neuquen 39 Hb A=39 qA= 1.00
453
4 Argentinians Buenos Aires 3980 HbTh AS=9(0.23), bTh=32(0.80) qS=.0011
qbTh=.0040
4 Argentinians(males) Buenos Aires 3829 Gd gdef=21(0.55) qdef=.0055
525 Argentinians Paris 480 HbTh AJ= 1(0. 2). F=1(0.2). 82=1(0.2) qbTh=.001
CHILE
681 Yahgan Tierra del Fuego 29\ HbGd \ gdef=1(3.4),A=29 IqA=1.00
681 Alacaluf Puerto Eden, Wellington 45 HbGd gdef=O. A=45 qA= 1.00
Island

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTED SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
I
CHILE
868 Alacaluf Puerto Eden 45 Gd gdef=O
682 Mapuche Lonquimay, Malleco 479 Hb A=479 I qA= 1.00
682 Mapuche(males) Longuimay, Malleco 225 Gd gdef=O
682 Atacamenos Antofagasta Province 177 Hb A=177 I qA=1.00
682 Atacamenos(males) Antofagasta Province 79 Gd gdef=O
558 Chileans Azapa, Tarapaca 160 Th OsmRes=O
558 Chileans(males) Azapa, Tarapaca 70
1
454
Gd 1 gdef=O
558 Chileans Molinos, Tarapaca 78 Th OsmRes=O
558 Cl1ileans(males) Molinos, Tarapaca 37
Gd I gdef=O
558 Chi leans Belen, Tarapaca 95 1 Th OsmRes=O
558 Chi leans(males) Belen. Tarapaca
70\
Gd \ gdef=O
558 Chi leans Chapiquina, Tarapaca 87 Th OsmRes=O
558 Chileans(males) Chapiquina, Tarapaca
331
Gd 1 gdef=O
558 Chileans Huallatire, Tarapaca 104 Th OsmRes=O
558 Chileans(males) Huallatire, Tarapaca 65
1
Gd 1 gdef=O
869 Mapuche(Araucanians) Temuco 450 Hb sickle=O
683 Mapuche(Araucanians) Temuco 116 HbGd gdef=O, A=1i6 IqA= 1.00
683 Pehuenche Lonquimay 113 HbGd gdef=O. A=113 qA= 1.00
(Araucanians)
869 Chi leans Santiago 9362 Hb sickle=9(0. 1) I qS=.0005
868 Chileans Santiago 1037 Gd gdef=O
108 Chileans(mestizos) Santiago 673 HTGd AS=1(O.1). SC=2(0. 3). gdef=O. A2=0 qS= .0022
qC=.0014
569 Chileans(98%) and Santiago 200 HbTh bTh(het)=23, bTh(hom)=2, aTh=3. AC=1. AD= 1. qbTh=.0675
others(patients with AS=2, other Hbs=3, F=15 qC=.0025
hemolytic anemia) qO= .0025
qS=.0050
569 Chileans(relatives of Santiago 361 HbTh bTh=51(14.1), aTh=4( 1.1), AC=9(2. 5) qbTh=.0706
patients with AD=2(0.6) , AS=2(0.6) • F=3 qaTh=.006
hemolytic anemia) qC=.013

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION PLACE TESTEO SYSTEM RESULTS FREQUENCIES
I I I
PERU
.1387 Peruvians(males) Cerro de Pasco, Pasco 41 Gd GdB=41
1387 Peruvians Cerro de Pasco, Pasco 28 Hb A=28 qA= 1.00
130G Tlcuna Cushillococha. 122 Hb A=122 qA=I.00
Amazon River
130G Yagua Chimbote, Amazon River 9 Hb A=9 qA= 1.00
130G Aguaruna Santa Marla de Nleva, 151 Hb A=151 qA=I.00
Maranon and Nieva Rivers
130G Piro Bufeo Pozo, Urubamba River 90 Hb A=90 qA=I.00
130G Campa Chicosa and El Encuentro. 89 Hb A=89 qA=I.00
Urubamba and Tambo Rivers
390 Isconahua Eastern Peru fGI Hb I A=lG I qA= 1.00
130G Isconahua Calleria, Ucayali River 14
Hb I
1
A=14 IqA=I.00
130G Shipibo San Francisco. ca t t er-j a ,
and Panaillo, Ucayall
River
142 Hb A=142 qA= 1.00
390 Shipibo Eastern Peru 701 I-\b 1 A"=70 I qA= 1.00
217 Lupaca(Aymara) Jail I ihuaya 581 Hb I A=58 I qA= 1.00
21G Lupaca(Aymara)(males) Jaillihuaya 34 Gd gdef=O
216 Lupaca(Aymara) Jail I ihuaya 24 Gd gdef=O
(fema I es)
1722 Aymara 268 Gd gdef=O
1306 Aymara Puno 93 Hb A=93 qA= 1.00
121 Aymara Puno Department 58 Hb A=58 qA= 1.00
217 Colla(Quechua) Paucarcolla 119 Hb A=119 I qA=I.00
216 Colla(Quechua)(males) Paucarcolla 70 Gd gdef=O
21G Colla(Quechua) Paucarcolla 50 Gd gdef=O
(fema I es)
1722 Quechua GG Gd gdef=O
1306 Quechua Puno 181/ Hb / A=181 I qA= 1.00
457

REF. NUMBER GENE
NO. POPULATION
PERU
121 Quechua
PLACE
Puno Department
TESTEO SYSTEM
J
Hb I A=120
RESULTS FREQUENCIES
I qA=1.00
216 Motilones(males) Tarapoto 50 Gd gdef=O
670 Peruvians Cayalti 281 Hb AS=2(O.7) I qS=.004
1722 Whi tes 26 Gd gdef=O
1722 Mestizos 441 Gd gdef=O
1387 Peruvians Lima 331 HbGd I GdB=33. AS=1(3.0) qS=.015
121 Peruv1ans Lima 150 Hb A=150 qA=1.00
Peruv;ans(total) Lima 183 Hb AS=1(0.5) qS=.003
121 Peruvians Lima 116 Th F=O
525 Peruvians Paris 241 HbTh AD=1(0.4). A2=0. F=O I qD=.002
ECUADOR
1311 Quechua Andes Plateau 656 Hb A=656 qA= 1.00
1311 Colorado Santo Domingo de los 36 Hb A=36 qA= 1.00
Colorado
1311 Cayapa Rio Cayapas 135 Hb A=135 qA=1.00
1311 Jivaro Oriente Province 233 Hb A=233 qA= 1.00
1311 Secoya Cuyabeno, Rio Aguarico
458
481 Hb 1 A=48 IqA=1.00
525 Ecuadorans Paris 150 HbTh AJ=1(0.7). A2=0. F=O qJ=.003

Cf)
UJ
U
Z
UJ
c.::=
UJ
U­
UJ
c.::=

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