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This document has not been fully peer reviewed and <strong>the</strong> <strong>information</strong> within is not validated nor endorsed by <strong>the</strong> TWG
on LVIC-S or by <strong>the</strong> European Commission, it is meant for <strong>information</strong>, only
Achieved environmental benefits
The selection of both <strong>the</strong> location (option A vs. B) and <strong>the</strong> route for <strong>the</strong> purification of nonfertiliser
grade wet phosphoric acid (option X vs. Y) may benefit in <strong>the</strong> minimisation of <strong>the</strong>
impact of <strong>the</strong> production of inorganic phosphates on <strong>the</strong> environment.
Optimum solutions can be selected with regard to <strong>the</strong> usage of raw materials, energy sources,
<strong>the</strong> recycling of by-products, and waste utilisation, including <strong>the</strong> advantage of <strong>the</strong> economy of
scale in order to reduce <strong>the</strong> impact of <strong>the</strong> production of inorganic phosphates on <strong>the</strong>
environment in <strong>the</strong> whole chain of operations, starting from <strong>the</strong> intermediate phosphoric acid
product and ending at <strong>the</strong> final feed, food, and detergent-grade phosphate product.
Cross-media effects
To be analysed in detail for <strong>the</strong> location (option A vs. B) and <strong>the</strong> route for <strong>the</strong> purification of
non-fertiliser grade wet phosphoric acid (option X vs. Y).
Operational data
No detailed data available, as typically (but not always) <strong>the</strong> purification of <strong>the</strong> acid takes place
upstream of <strong>the</strong> inorganic phosphate process. Moreover, specific data and <strong>information</strong> on more
elaborate techniques for <strong>the</strong> purification of wet phosphoric acid are, to a certain degree, subject
to confidentiality.
Applicability
To varying degrees, applicable to <strong>the</strong> plants producing feed, food and detergent-grade
phosphates by <strong>the</strong> phosphoric acid route, depending on <strong>the</strong> long-term strategies set for <strong>the</strong>
supply of phosphoric acid and <strong>the</strong> manufacture of final feed phosphate products.
Driving force for implementation
Reduced impact on <strong>the</strong> environment in <strong>the</strong> whole chain of operations, beginning with <strong>the</strong>
intermediate phosphoric acid product and ending with feed, food and detergent-grade phosphate
product. Reduction of <strong>the</strong> manufacturing cost. Product quality improvement.
Example plants
Food and detergent-grade phosphate plant in Huelva, Spain (based on purified wet phosphoric
acid). Food and detergent-grade phosphate plant in Engis, Belgium (based on purified wet
phosphoric acid). Feed-grade phosphate plants in <strong>the</strong> EU based on <strong>the</strong> supplies of purified wet
phosphoric acid from outside of <strong>the</strong> feed phosphate production sites.
Reference literature
[65, CEFIC-IFP, 2004], [84, A. Davister, 1981], [85, EIPPCB, 2004-2005], [93, CEFIC-CEEP,
2004], [101, RIZA, 2000], [102, UNIDO, 1980].
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