Sponge and Cnidarian Review

Name___KEY__________ Period________ Date ____________
Sponge and Cnidarian Review
Matching On the lines provided, write the letter of the definition that matches each
term.
_F___1. Invertebrate A. Body form with tentacles hanging downward
_H___2. Filter feeder B. Jellylike material between ectoderm & endoderm
_G___3. Asymmetry C. Cells in Ctenophorans that secrete a sticky substance
_J___4. Radial D. Body form with upright tentacles & mouth on top
_A___5. Medusa E. Stinging cell in tentacles of cnidarians
_B___6. Mesoglea F. Sponges & cnidarians are this type of animal
_I___7. Planula G. symmetry of a sponge
_E___8. Cnidocyte H. How sponges get food
_D___9. Polyp I. Free swimming larva of jellyfish
_C___10. Colloblasts J. symmetry of cnidarians
* * * * * * * * * *
COMPLETE THE FOLLOWING SENTENCES.
11. Adult sponges remain attached to one place and are said to be
_S_ e__s __s__i __l __e___.
12. Sponges are classified in the kingdom _A_ _n_ _i_ _m_ _a_ _l_ _i_ _a_ and the phylum
_P_ _o_ _r_ _i_ _f_ _e_ _r_ _a_.
13. The outer covering of a sponge is called the _E_ _p_ _i_ _d_ _e_ r__ m__ i__ s__, while
the innermost layer surrounding the gastrovascular cavity is called
_G_ _a_ _s_ _t_ _r_ _o_ d__ e__ r__ m__ i__ s__.
14. Choanocytes are also called _C_ _o_ _l_ _l_ _a_ _r_ _C_ _e_ _l_ _l_ _s_ and have a
whiplike _F_ _l_ _a_ _g_ _e_ _l_ _l_ a__ that rotates to bring in water and food.
15. Sponges feed by _F_ _i_ _l_ _t_ _e_ _r_ _i_ _n_ _g_ food from the water that flows in
through holes called _P_ _o_ _r_ _o_ _c_ _y_ t__ _e_ _s_.
16. Sponges reproduce asexually by _B_ _u_ _d_ _d_ _i_ _n_ _g_.
17. The flexible material making up the skeleton of a sponge is
called _S_ _p_ _o_ _n_ _g_ i__ n__.
18. A sponge that is cut into pieces will regrow new parts by
_R_ _e_ _g_ _e_ _n_ _e_ _r_ _a_ _t_ _i_ _o_ _n_.
19. Ctenophorans catch prey using a sticky substance made by cells called
_C_ _o_ _l_ _l_ _o_ _b_ l__ _a_ _s_ _t_ _s_.
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20. _B_ _i_ _o_ _l_ _u_ _m_ _i_ _n_ _e_ _s_ c__ _e_ _n_ _c_ _e_ is a feature in which
comb jellies produce light by a chemical reaction.
21. Box jellies are in the class _C_ _u_ _b_ _o_ _z_ _o_ _a_.
22. The dominant body form of the jellyfish is the _M_ _e_ _d_ _u_ _s_ _a_, but it goes
through a larval stage called the _P_ _l_ _a_ n__ _u_ _l_ _a_ that swims by using its
_C_ _i_ _l_ _i__ _a_.
23. The class of cnidarians referred to as the "flower animals" are the
_A_ _n_ _t_ h__ _o_ _z_ _o_ a__ and contains the _S_ e__ a__
_A_ n__ _e_ _n_ _o_ _m_ _e_ and _C_ _o_ _r_ _a_ _l_.
24. Limestone cases of some cnidarians build up and form underwater _C_ _o_ _r_ _a_ _l_
_R_ _e_ _e_ _f_ _s_.
25. Box jellies have a _C_ _u_ _b_ _e_ shaped _M_ _e_ _d_ _u_ _s_ _a_.
26. The _C_ _l_ _o_ _w_ _n_ _f_ _i_ s__ _h_ lives
_S_ _y_ m__ _b_ _i_ _o_ _t_ _i_ _c_ _a_ _l_ l__ _y_ in the tentacles of sea anemones.
27. Corals live as _P_ _o_ _l_ _y_ _p_ _s_ in _C_ _o_ _l_ _o_ _n_ _i_ e__ _s_ within
their limestone skeletons.
28. Jellyfish are in the class of cnidarians called _S_ _c_ _y_ _p_ _h_ _o_ z__ o__ _a_.
29. _P_ _o_ _r_ _t_ _u_ _g_ u__ e__ s__ e__ _M_ _a_ _n_ - _o_ _f_ - _W_ a__ r__
exists as _C_ _o_ _l_ _o_ _n_ i__ e__ _s_ of both polyps and medusae in marine habitats.
30. Hydra are freshwater _C_ _n_ _i_ _d_ _a_ _r_ _i_ _a_ _n_ _s_ that can produce both
sperm and eggs.
31. Stinging cells in cnidarians are located in their _T_ _e_ _n_ t__ _a_ _c_ _l_ _e_ _s_.
32. Cnidarians have a _N_ _e_ _r_ _v_ _e_ _N_ e__ _t_ to transmit responses to various
parts of the body.
33. The harpoon-shaped structure in the cnidarian stinging cells is known as the
_N_ _e_ m__ a__ _t_ _o_ _c_ _y_ _s_ _t_.
34. Unlike sponges that are organized only into
_S_ _p_ _e_ _c_ _i_ _a_ _l_ _i_ z__ e__ d__ _C_ _e_ _l_ _l_ _s_, cnidarians have the
_T_ _i _s_ _s_ _u_ _e_ level of organization also.
35. Stinging cells contain a poison used to _P_ _a_ _r_ a_ _l_ _y_ _z_ _e_ their prey.
36. _A_ _m_ _e_ _b_ _o_ _c_ _y_ t__ e__ s__ are cells in sponges that move about and
deliver _N_ _u_ _t_ _r_ _i_ _e_ _n_ _t_ _s_ to other cells within the sponge.
Label the external structures of the sponge.
bud
2
Osculum
Incurrent pores
or Porocytes

Label the parts of the choanocyte or collar cell.
What is the function of this specialized cell? To catch food by circulating
water
In what type of animal can this cell be found? Sponges
These cells are found lining what layer of the animal? Gastrodermis
(Gastrovascular cavity)
What other specialized cells do these cells work with in the animal? amebocytes
* * * * * * * * * *
COMPLETE THE FOLLOWING TABLE FOR SPONGES.
Sessile or
Motile?
Sessile
Cells that
Obtain
Food?
Choanocytes
(collar cells)
Asexual
method of
Reproduction?
budding
Cells that
Distribute
Food?
Nucleus Collar Flagellum
Internal
Buds?
Yes
(gemmules)
Opening
where
Water
leaves?
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Regrowing
missing
parts?
Yes
Opening
(cells)
Where
Water
Enters?
Amebocytes Osculum Porocytes
Hermaphrodites
or Separate
Sexes?
Some separate;
Hermaphrodite
Rotates to
Bring in water?
Flagella
creates water
movement
Type of
Feeder?
Filter
Phylum?
Porifera

* * * * * * * * * *
TRUE OR FALSE. Write + if the sentence is correct or write O if it is incorrect.
If the statement is false, change the statement to a correct one.
____F - no______ 1. Sponges have tissues and organs.
__F – internal____ 2. Gemmules are external buds made by sponges to reproduce.
___T___________ 3. Amebocytes move around and distribute food in sponges.
_F - porocytes___ 4. Water enters a sponge through its osculum.
__F - not_______ 5. Cnidarians are filter feeders.
___T___________ 6. Pores in sponges are called Ostia or porocytes.
___T___________ 7. Members of the class Anthozoa build up and form reefs.
___T___________ 8. Spicules help make up the skeleton of sponges.
__F - gastrodermis 9. The epidermis lines the gastrovascular cavity of cnidarians.
_T_____________ 10. Both hydra and sponges reproduce asexually by budding.
_T_____________ 11. The phylum Scyphozoa sting and paralyze their prey.
_F – jellylike_____ 12. Mesoglea is a cellular layer in both sponges and cnidarians.
__T____________ 13. Both choanocytes and amebocytes help get food for sponges.
_F- only polyps__ 14. Anthozoans live their lives as both polyps and medusae.
F – polyp or bottom15. Medusa form cnidarians have their mouth located on the top.
_F – stand upward 16. Polyps have tentacles that hang downward.
_F - Ctenophora__ 17. Box jellies produce their own light by bioluminescence.
* * * * * * * * * *
Complete the following table for cnidarians.
Classes of
Cnidarians
Scyphozoa
Hydrozoa
Anthozoa
MEMBERS SYMMETRY BODY
FORM(S)
Jellyfish Radial
Hydras
Port.-man
of War
Sea anemones
Corals
Radial
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Polyps –
young
Medusa -
adult
Polyp
Colony of
polyp &
medusa
UNIQUE
CHARACTERISTIC(S)
Resemble upside down
“cups”
bell-shaped
Can be found in
freshwater
Radial Polyps Resemble “flowers”

* * * * * * * * * *
Label the parts of the cnidarian and tell which is polyp form and which is medusa form.
tentacles
mouth
gastrovascular
cavity
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mesoglea
* * * * * * * * * *
MUTIPLE CHOICE. Circle the correct letter or letters.
Spongin and spicules are important to sponges because
A. They digest food
B. They remove wastes
C. They provide support
D. They reproduce offspring
Which of the following is NOT found in cnidarians?
A. Tentacles
B. Choanocytes
C. Nematocysts
D. Gastrovascular cavity
Sponge : osculum :: hydra :
A. Mouth
B. Tentacle
C. Nerve Net
D. Nematocyst
Gastrovascular
cavity
mouth
tentacles

The function of colloblasts is
A. To produce light
B. To secrete a sticky substance
C. To draw in water
D. To form medusae that live in colonies
The structure in Ctenophorans that orients them in the water is
A. Colloblast
B. Tentacles
C. Apical organ
D. Comb
Jellyfish are in the class
A. Cnidaria
B. Hydrozoa
C. Anthozoa
D. Scyphozoa
The defensive structures in cnidarians are
A. Colloblasts
B. Cnidocytes
C. Choanocytes
D. Amoebocytes
Sensory cells that help a cnidarian determine the direction of gravity are
A. Nerve nets
B. Statocysts
C. Nematocysts
D. Spicules
What allows cnidarian polyps to expand, shrink, and move their tentacles?
A. Hydrostatic skeleton
B. Choanocytes
C. Cnidocytes
D. Apical organ
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