Natural Sciences and Technology Grade 6-A - Thunderbolt Kids

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QUESTIONS The food pyramid of an unhealthy person's diet. Discuss in your class why you think this kind of food pyramid is unhealthy. Compare it to the healthy food pyramid and write down some of the dierences below. Other families have to eat what they can aord. They do not have the privilege of choosing what their food pyramid looks like but eat what they can buy with their small incomes. This would mostly consist of carbohydrates and some vegetables, and rarely includes meat and enough proteins and other vitamins. Let's look at the causes of apoor, unhealthy diet and then at possible diseases that may arise from this. 46 Life and Living
Causes of apoor diet There are many causes of apoor diet. 1. Diseases and infections: When someone has achronic illness, such as HIV/AIDS, they are sick for a very long time. Their bodies become weak and they cannot take in nourishment from the food they manage to eat, resulting in a poor diet. 2. Dietary practices: In many countries, people have a preference for certain foods, for example rice, samp or mealie meal. People eat a lot of this particular food type and do not get enough protein or fats and oils in their diet. They also often cannot aord other food types, especially in developing countries. However, some families in developed countries do not eat enough fruit and vegetables out of choice and eat a lot of refined carbohydrates which also leads to disease and illness. 3. Poverty and high food prices: Poverty and high food prices stop many people from enjoying foods such as milk, meat, poultry (like chicken) and fruits. This has made it almost impossible for poor families to aord certain food groups. Some families can only aordone type of food group. 4. Food shortage: Sometimes famine occurs in a country where drought, poor farming knowledge and skill, and alack of technology limits the yield of crops and herds of animals. This results in afood shortage in that country. In these situations, people will eat whatever food is available to them, often leading to an unhealthy diet. DID YOU KNOW? An unhealthy diet can lead to many health problems because the body does not get the right amount of the dierent food groups and therefore cannot function properly. Some diseases and conditions Often we get diseases and conditions because our bodies do not get the necessary nourishment. Some of these diseases are: • Tooth decay: When you eat or drink too much sugar, the bacteria in your mouth makes acids that eat away at the tooth surface (called enamel), and causes cavities to form. Chapter 3. Nutrition A balanced diet also means drinking water throughout the day! 47
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Natural Sciences and Technology Gra
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AUTHORS LIST This book was written
Page 5 and 6: Welcome to Grade 6 and to Natural S
Page 7 and 8: Hey! My name is Tom. I have two pla
Page 9 and 10: Hello! My name is Sophie. One of my
Page 11: Table of Contents Life and Living a
Page 15 and 16: Scientists have found out exactly h
Page 17 and 18: - stem (sugar cane) - seeds (wheat
Page 19 and 20: 2. Design a poster for your Gr 4fri
Page 21 and 22: Sunflower seeds. Lettuce. Sugar can
Page 23 and 24: QUESTIONS: 1. Was it easy to distin
Page 25 and 26: QUESTIONS: 1. Which test do you thi
Page 27 and 28: QUESTIONS: 1. Make a list of living
Page 29 and 30: REVISION: 1. List the four things t
Page 31 and 32: 7. What do plants store glucose as?
Page 33 and 34: Examples of the foods in the food g
Page 35 and 36: 3. Fats and oils: Meat. Lentils. Al
Page 37 and 38: Name of vitamin Sources Function Vi
Page 39 and 40: Very often food manufacturers add d
Page 41 and 42: The natural foods contained a mixtu
Page 43 and 44: KEY CONCEPTS • Food groups: - foo
Page 45 and 46: Name of vitamin Vitamin A Vitamin C
Page 47 and 48: • The food in the middle of the p
Page 49 and 50: Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday t
Page 51 and 52: 4. What important food group is Raj
Page 53 and 54: Breakfast: Option 1: Fruit loops Op
Page 55: Supper: Option 1: Chicken pieces Op
Page 59 and 60: • Diabetes: This is adisease that
Page 61 and 62: 3. On your poster, you must include
Page 63 and 64: 4. Write a paragraph where you expl
Page 65 and 66: ACTIVITY: A REALLY old role play Wo
Page 67 and 68: 2. Can you predict how the locals w
Page 69 and 70: Benefits of food processing Food pr
Page 71 and 72: Food Reason for being processed Raw
Page 73 and 74: ACTIVITY: Class discussion INSTRUCT
Page 75 and 76: Highly processed foods: • Highly
Page 77 and 78: preserve it, just like people did 3
Page 79 and 80: ACTIVITY: Comparing traditional and
Page 81 and 82: 5. Use the space below to draw a fl
Page 83 and 84: KEY CONCEPTS • Food is processed
Page 85 and 86: 5. A farmer wants to export some gr
Page 87 and 88: I really enjoyed that, especially l
Page 89 and 90: • arctic and alpine tundra are in
Page 91 and 92: A unique South African ecosystem So
Page 93 and 94: A healthy ecosystem is one in which
Page 95 and 96: In this man-made forest, there is n
Page 97 and 98: • insectivores only eat ... can y
Page 99 and 100: A food web in asavanna. There are a
Page 101 and 102: • Forest ecosystem: grass, small
Page 103 and 104: 7. When marking out your ecosystem
Page 105 and 106: 2: 3: Animal species: 1: 2: 3: Chap
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interdependent and they are connect
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REVISION: 1. Provide a definition f
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10. What choices do you need to mak
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Did you know that all matter is act
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We would see that the particles in
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3. If you should come into contact,
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In the next table there are 3 pictu
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2. Did they behave dierently? 3. In
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7. What do we call the process when
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We have learnt that materials exist
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A mixture of dierent coloured jelly
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3. Separate the mixture into a pile
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2. Draw a picture of the mixture. 3
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3. Can you separate the mixture int
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INSTRUCTIONS: 1. Place 10 scoops of
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Picture of mixture INSTRUCTIONS (Pa
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REVISION: 1. What is amixture? 2. L
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Now that we know more about mixture
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ACTIVITY: When is amixture also aso
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What is asolution? When two substan
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Wait! How is it possible for one su
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4. What do you think happened to th
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In the previous chapter, we saw how
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4. Which method do you think works
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3. Complete the following sentences
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dissolved limestone can crystallise
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KEY CONCEPTS • A solution is aspe
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4. What was the mixture of sugar an
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It was quite dicult in the beginnin
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changes are called. QUESTIONS: 1. W
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4. What do we call it when we have
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In the first investigation, we will
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3. What did we change in this inves
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RESULTS: The eect of grain size on
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INVESTIGATION: Does stirring increa
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3. What did we change in this inves
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REVISION: 1. What are the 3factors
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We have learnt a lot about solution
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ACTIVITY: Thinking about pollution
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8. How do you think oil ends up in
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Wetlands are not necessarily wet th
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INSTRUCTIONS: 1. Drill ahole in the
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QUESTIONS Do you remember studying
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REVISION: 1. Look at the picture be
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Water is very important for us and
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QUESTIONS 1. What does 'clean water
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ACTIVITY: Cleaning water in astill
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Filtering is agood way of removing
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2. What size and shape will your fi
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MAKE: Now that you have a design, i
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How is water cleaned by municipalit
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STEP 3: AERATION The raw water now
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6. Name the 5steps in the water tre
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Natural Sciences and Technology Grade 6-A - Thunderbolt Kids

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