Natural Sciences and Technology Grade 5-B ... - Thunderbolt Kids

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A car needs energy to start its engine. One cell does not have enough stored energy. A car battery is actually six cells that are connected end to end inside the battery case. There is six times more energy stored in the battery than in asingle cell. This gives the car enough energy to start the engine. A car battery contains 6 cells. Mmm...so a torch needs two batteries to light up. I wonder how many batteries are needed to light up our house?! Good question Jojo! Let's find out in the next section. 2.2 Mains electricity A battery has stored energy which can be changed into electrical energy. But our homes, schools, shops and factories cannot run on batteries. Electricity does alot of work for us and is used many times every day. The main source of electrical energy is from power stations. We call this "mains electricity". 34 Energy and Change
A power station. Power stations need asource of energy Power stations use dierent ways to generate electricity. A power station needs asource of energy. In South Africa, most of our power stations burn coal to use the energy stored in coal to generate electricity. QUESTIONS Coal is not the only source of energy for power stations, there are also other types of power stations. Find out what these are and write down what source of energy they each use. Hydro-electric (water), geo-thermal (steam), and nuclear power stations (nuclear). Electricity is transferred in a huge circuit to our homes From a power station, electricity is transferred through transmission lines held up by pylons. The transmission lines are part of the circuit that connects the power stations to where we need to use the electricity. Do you remember learning about the structures of pylons in Grade 4 in Matter and Materials? Remember they are made from triangular shapes and struts to make them strong and stable! Chapter 2. Energy and electricity VISIT Electricity generation (video). goo.gl/32irY VISIT Making electricity from coal (video). goo.gl/Hzu5V and goo.gl/scUhI 35
Page 1 and 2: Natural Sciences and Technology Gra
Page 3 and 4: AUTHORS LIST This book was written
Page 5 and 6: THE NATURAL SCIENCES AND TECHNOLOGY
Page 7: Matter and Materials and Structures
Page 12 and 13: 1 Stored energy in fuels 4 KEY QUES
Page 14 and 15: VISIT How fossil fuels are made. go
Page 16 and 17: So we can say that food is the fuel
Page 18 and 19: MATERIALS: • various packaging fo
Page 20 and 21: Coal is not only burnt in our homes
Page 22 and 23: 2. Remove both ends of the large ca
Page 24 and 25: QUESTIONS: 1. Which fuel contained
Page 26 and 27: INVESTIGATION: What happens when af
Page 28 and 29: VISIT Burning substances in air and
Page 30 and 31: 3. Write a description next to each
Page 32 and 33: 3. What causes of fire can you iden
Page 34 and 35: 3. Some points to think about when
Page 36 and 37: 1. Describe the relationship betwee
Page 38 and 39: 2 Energy and electricity 30 KEY QUE
Page 40 and 41: When the electrical energy is trans
Page 44 and 45: Huge pylons carrying the transmissi
Page 46 and 47: ACTIVITY: 10 Safety tips for electr
Page 48 and 49: KEY CONCEPTS Never stick a metal kn
Page 50 and 51: 3 Energy and movement 42 KEY QUESTI
Page 52 and 53: 2. Tie another elastic band around
Page 54 and 55: QUESTIONS Look up adefinition for p
Page 56 and 57: 5. Place it in the water, and let i
Page 58 and 59: QUESTIONS Use your knowledge of spr
Page 60 and 61: 4 Systems for moving things 52 KEY
Page 62 and 63: Teacher's Note You can demonstrate
Page 64 and 65: QUESTIONS Label the two wheels and
Page 66 and 67: 4. Place a few marbles or some othe
Page 68 and 69: 6. Repeat this for the other 2wheel
Page 70 and 71: The board makes bearings for the ax
Page 72 and 73: INSTRUCTIONS: Things you can use fo
Page 74 and 75: REVISION: 1. List four dierent vehi
Page 78 and 79: 1 Planet Earth 70 KEY QUESTIONS •
Page 80 and 81: • The Earth spins right around in
Page 82 and 83: 3. Was it daytime in Saudi Arabia?
Page 84 and 85: VISIT Short video showing the sun,
Page 86 and 87: The planets move in orbits around t
Page 88 and 89: MATERIALS: • 100m heavy string
Page 90 and 91: Teacher's Note Make sure to point o
Page 92 and 93:
2 Surface of the Earth 84 KEY QUEST
Page 94 and 95:
QUESTIONS: 1. What is under the flo
Page 96 and 97:
Imagine we could cut aslice out of
Page 98 and 99:
QUESTIONS 1. If you dig ahole in th
Page 100 and 101:
Teacher's Note Iron melts at those
Page 102 and 103:
The hole will come to of the other
Page 104 and 105:
Look at the place where the water h
Page 106 and 107:
VISIT Rocks erode to form soil (vid
Page 108 and 109:
ACTIVITY: Make a model of acid wate
Page 110 and 111:
ACTIVITY: Look at dierent kinds of
Page 112 and 113:
MATERIALS: • 3 big cool drink bot
Page 114 and 115:
In the beginning, you might think t
Page 116 and 117:
The topsoil has gone from this land
Page 118 and 119:
INSTRUCTIONS: 1. Collect two tins o
Page 120 and 121:
QUESTIONS 1. Can you make pots with
Page 122 and 123:
VISIT Interesting website about soi
Page 124 and 125:
QUESTIONS: 1. Are the drops on the
Page 126 and 127:
Set up the soils as you see in the
Page 128 and 129:
Which soil type do plants grow best
Page 130 and 131:
Average height grown by seedlings i
Page 132 and 133:
Answer: Crust, mantle, core. 2. Wha
Page 134 and 135:
3 Sedimentary rocks VISIT Dierent r
Page 136 and 137:
Sediments When the sand grains coll
Page 138 and 139:
2. Which is the oldest sediment? Th
Page 140 and 141:
Look at the layers in the sedimenta
Page 142 and 143:
This is how the mountains look now.
Page 144 and 145:
A sculpture made from limestone. 10
Page 146 and 147:
Cement is also made from shale. The
Page 148 and 149:
4 Fossils 140 KEY QUESTIONS • Wha
Page 150 and 151:
VISIT When a T-Rex attacks! (video)
Page 152 and 153:
VISIT How are fossils formed? goo.g
Page 154 and 155:
Teacher's Note Of course, it's much
Page 156 and 157:
Teacher's Note Note that the mould
Page 158 and 159:
There was a flood and the river ros
Page 160 and 161:
A footprint which has hardened in t
Page 162 and 163:
Do you know where this is in South
Page 164 and 165:
VISIT Finding the coelacanth (video
Page 166 and 167:
I just love learning more and more
Page 168 and 169:
ACTIVITY: Thinking about the Cradle
Page 170 and 171:
REVISION: 1. Are animal fossils mad
Page 172 and 173:
5 Notes 164 Chapter 1 Stored energy
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Natural Sciences and Technology Grade 5-B ... - Thunderbolt Kids

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