Natural Sciences and Technology Grade 5-B ... - Thunderbolt Kids

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Cement is also made from shale. The shale is crushed to a powder and heated in akiln (a kind of stove). Black shale rock is also avery important source of oil and natural gas all over the world. KEY CONCEPTS • Sedimentary rocks form when small grains of rock, mud and sand form layers and become compacted over a very long time. • Rock breaks into small grains through the process called weathering. • Sedimentary rock can be identified as it has visible layers. • Examples of sedimentary rock are shale, sandstone and limestone. • Sedimentary rocks have dierent uses. REVISION: Complete the following sentences using words from the Word box. Write the sentences out completely. Word box: use some of these words to complete the sentences. • grains • wind • water • sediment • sandstone • limestone • shale • weathering 138 Earth and Beyond
1. Weathering breaks grains of rock of big rocks. _______ and _______ move these grains on top of each other in layers. A layer of rock grains is called a______. Wind, water, sediment 2. Over many years, the ______ become stuck together and we get sedimentary rock. Three types of sedimentary rock are ______, _______and _______. Grains, sandstone, limestone, shale 3. Explain how you would identify sedimentary rock in the natural world around you. Sedimentary rock has visible layers which are often dierent colours, so look for rock which has these layers in it. 4. Explain the dierence between erosion and deposition. Provide a drawing to accompany your answer. Erosion is when something, normally rock, is gradually worn away over time by wind, water or other animals. Deposition is when wind or water carries sand along and then drops it (deposits) in another place where it also gradually builds up over time. 5. Use the space below to draw a series of drawings to show how a rock is broken down into smaller grains over time. Label your drawing to explain the processes that are taking place to break down the rock. Learners drawings will vary, but there should be more than one drawing. The first drawing should show a big rock, then subsequent drawings should show smaller and smaller rocks, until there are coarse grains. Labels to include could be Erosion due to wind, Erosion due to water, Weathering due to wind and water, Weathering due to impact from animals. Chapter 3. Sedimentary rocks 139
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Natural Sciences and Technology Gra
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AUTHORS LIST This book was written
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THE NATURAL SCIENCES AND TECHNOLOGY
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Matter and Materials and Structures
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1 Stored energy in fuels 4 KEY QUES
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VISIT How fossil fuels are made. go
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So we can say that food is the fuel
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MATERIALS: • various packaging fo
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Coal is not only burnt in our homes
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2. Remove both ends of the large ca
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QUESTIONS: 1. Which fuel contained
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INVESTIGATION: What happens when af
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VISIT Burning substances in air and
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3. Write a description next to each
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3. What causes of fire can you iden
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3. Some points to think about when
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1. Describe the relationship betwee
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2 Energy and electricity 30 KEY QUE
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When the electrical energy is trans
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A car needs energy to start its eng
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Huge pylons carrying the transmissi
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ACTIVITY: 10 Safety tips for electr
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KEY CONCEPTS Never stick a metal kn
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3 Energy and movement 42 KEY QUESTI
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2. Tie another elastic band around
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QUESTIONS Look up adefinition for p
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5. Place it in the water, and let i
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QUESTIONS Use your knowledge of spr
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4 Systems for moving things 52 KEY
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Teacher's Note You can demonstrate
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QUESTIONS Label the two wheels and
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4. Place a few marbles or some othe
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6. Repeat this for the other 2wheel
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The board makes bearings for the ax
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INSTRUCTIONS: Things you can use fo
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REVISION: 1. List four dierent vehi
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1 Planet Earth 70 KEY QUESTIONS •
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• The Earth spins right around in
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3. Was it daytime in Saudi Arabia?
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VISIT Short video showing the sun,
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The planets move in orbits around t
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MATERIALS: • 100m heavy string
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Teacher's Note Make sure to point o
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2 Surface of the Earth 84 KEY QUEST
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QUESTIONS: 1. What is under the flo
Page 96 and 97: Imagine we could cut aslice out of
Page 98 and 99: QUESTIONS 1. If you dig ahole in th
Page 100 and 101: Teacher's Note Iron melts at those
Page 102 and 103: The hole will come to of the other
Page 104 and 105: Look at the place where the water h
Page 106 and 107: VISIT Rocks erode to form soil (vid
Page 108 and 109: ACTIVITY: Make a model of acid wate
Page 110 and 111: ACTIVITY: Look at dierent kinds of
Page 112 and 113: MATERIALS: • 3 big cool drink bot
Page 114 and 115: In the beginning, you might think t
Page 116 and 117: The topsoil has gone from this land
Page 118 and 119: INSTRUCTIONS: 1. Collect two tins o
Page 120 and 121: QUESTIONS 1. Can you make pots with
Page 122 and 123: VISIT Interesting website about soi
Page 124 and 125: QUESTIONS: 1. Are the drops on the
Page 126 and 127: Set up the soils as you see in the
Page 128 and 129: Which soil type do plants grow best
Page 130 and 131: Average height grown by seedlings i
Page 132 and 133: Answer: Crust, mantle, core. 2. Wha
Page 134 and 135: 3 Sedimentary rocks VISIT Dierent r
Page 136 and 137: Sediments When the sand grains coll
Page 138 and 139: 2. Which is the oldest sediment? Th
Page 140 and 141: Look at the layers in the sedimenta
Page 142 and 143: This is how the mountains look now.
Page 144 and 145: A sculpture made from limestone. 10
Page 148 and 149: 4 Fossils 140 KEY QUESTIONS • Wha
Page 150 and 151: VISIT When a T-Rex attacks! (video)
Page 152 and 153: VISIT How are fossils formed? goo.g
Page 154 and 155: Teacher's Note Of course, it's much
Page 156 and 157: Teacher's Note Note that the mould
Page 158 and 159: There was a flood and the river ros
Page 160 and 161: A footprint which has hardened in t
Page 162 and 163: Do you know where this is in South
Page 164 and 165: VISIT Finding the coelacanth (video
Page 166 and 167: I just love learning more and more
Page 168 and 169: ACTIVITY: Thinking about the Cradle
Page 170 and 171: REVISION: 1. Are animal fossils mad
Page 172 and 173: 5 Notes 164 Chapter 1 Stored energy
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Natural Sciences and Technology Grade 5-B ... - Thunderbolt Kids

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