Natural Sciences and Technology Grade 5-B ... - Thunderbolt Kids

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A sculpture made from limestone. 10 Glass is made from molten sand, and limestone is mixed with the sand to make the glass stronger. Farmers use limestone to improve their soil, if the soil is too acidic. Limestone is even used in some medicines and cosmetics and as a white pigment in toothpaste, paints and plastics! Sandstone Sandstone has been apopular building material since ancient times, especially in houses and cathedrals around the world. This is because it is quite soft and easy to carve. Houses in Lesotho and the Free State were built from sandstone blocks. A cathedral in England made from sandstone. Sandstone comes in many dierent colours and so it is often used decoratively, such as in decorative stones, in fireplaces, in decorative columns and pillars in buildings and cathedrals and to make statues and fountains. Since sandstone is easy to carve, but does not weather, it is often used as paving stones and to make walkways. 136 Earth and Beyond 11
Decorative columns made from sandstone in India. Shale 12 Paving blocks made from sandstone. Decorative carvings and columns made from sandstone on the front of a building. Shales is also used in buildings, especially as araw material to make bricks. Shale also splits very easily into thin sheets and is therefore used as as tiles for floors and roofs. Shale is used for floors in some houses in South Africa. 15 Shale splits easily into thin tiles which can be used in flooring and roofs. Chapter 3. Sedimentary rocks 14 13 137
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Natural Sciences and Technology Gra
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AUTHORS LIST This book was written
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THE NATURAL SCIENCES AND TECHNOLOGY
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Matter and Materials and Structures
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1 Stored energy in fuels 4 KEY QUES
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VISIT How fossil fuels are made. go
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So we can say that food is the fuel
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MATERIALS: • various packaging fo
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Coal is not only burnt in our homes
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2. Remove both ends of the large ca
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QUESTIONS: 1. Which fuel contained
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INVESTIGATION: What happens when af
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VISIT Burning substances in air and
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3. Write a description next to each
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3. What causes of fire can you iden
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3. Some points to think about when
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1. Describe the relationship betwee
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2 Energy and electricity 30 KEY QUE
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When the electrical energy is trans
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A car needs energy to start its eng
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Huge pylons carrying the transmissi
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ACTIVITY: 10 Safety tips for electr
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KEY CONCEPTS Never stick a metal kn
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3 Energy and movement 42 KEY QUESTI
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2. Tie another elastic band around
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QUESTIONS Look up adefinition for p
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5. Place it in the water, and let i
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QUESTIONS Use your knowledge of spr
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4 Systems for moving things 52 KEY
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Teacher's Note You can demonstrate
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QUESTIONS Label the two wheels and
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4. Place a few marbles or some othe
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6. Repeat this for the other 2wheel
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The board makes bearings for the ax
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INSTRUCTIONS: Things you can use fo
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REVISION: 1. List four dierent vehi
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1 Planet Earth 70 KEY QUESTIONS •
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• The Earth spins right around in
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3. Was it daytime in Saudi Arabia?
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VISIT Short video showing the sun,
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The planets move in orbits around t
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MATERIALS: • 100m heavy string
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Teacher's Note Make sure to point o
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2 Surface of the Earth 84 KEY QUEST
Page 94 and 95: QUESTIONS: 1. What is under the flo
Page 96 and 97: Imagine we could cut aslice out of
Page 98 and 99: QUESTIONS 1. If you dig ahole in th
Page 100 and 101: Teacher's Note Iron melts at those
Page 102 and 103: The hole will come to of the other
Page 104 and 105: Look at the place where the water h
Page 106 and 107: VISIT Rocks erode to form soil (vid
Page 108 and 109: ACTIVITY: Make a model of acid wate
Page 110 and 111: ACTIVITY: Look at dierent kinds of
Page 112 and 113: MATERIALS: • 3 big cool drink bot
Page 114 and 115: In the beginning, you might think t
Page 116 and 117: The topsoil has gone from this land
Page 118 and 119: INSTRUCTIONS: 1. Collect two tins o
Page 120 and 121: QUESTIONS 1. Can you make pots with
Page 122 and 123: VISIT Interesting website about soi
Page 124 and 125: QUESTIONS: 1. Are the drops on the
Page 126 and 127: Set up the soils as you see in the
Page 128 and 129: Which soil type do plants grow best
Page 130 and 131: Average height grown by seedlings i
Page 132 and 133: Answer: Crust, mantle, core. 2. Wha
Page 134 and 135: 3 Sedimentary rocks VISIT Dierent r
Page 136 and 137: Sediments When the sand grains coll
Page 138 and 139: 2. Which is the oldest sediment? Th
Page 140 and 141: Look at the layers in the sedimenta
Page 142 and 143: This is how the mountains look now.
Page 146 and 147: Cement is also made from shale. The
Page 148 and 149: 4 Fossils 140 KEY QUESTIONS • Wha
Page 150 and 151: VISIT When a T-Rex attacks! (video)
Page 152 and 153: VISIT How are fossils formed? goo.g
Page 154 and 155: Teacher's Note Of course, it's much
Page 156 and 157: Teacher's Note Note that the mould
Page 158 and 159: There was a flood and the river ros
Page 160 and 161: A footprint which has hardened in t
Page 162 and 163: Do you know where this is in South
Page 164 and 165: VISIT Finding the coelacanth (video
Page 166 and 167: I just love learning more and more
Page 168 and 169: ACTIVITY: Thinking about the Cradle
Page 170 and 171: REVISION: 1. Are animal fossils mad
Page 172 and 173: 5 Notes 164 Chapter 1 Stored energy
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Natural Sciences and Technology Grade 5-B ... - Thunderbolt Kids

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