Natural Sciences and Technology Grade 5-B ... - Thunderbolt Kids
Natural Sciences and Technology Grade 5-B ... - Thunderbolt Kids Natural Sciences and Technology Grade 5-B ... - Thunderbolt Kids
3 Sedimentary rocks VISIT Dierent rock types (video) goo.gl/yD3qd 126 KEY QUESTIONS • Why does the Earth have mountains and valleys? • Have mountains always looked like they look now? • Why can you sometimes see "layers" in rock which are dierent colours? How did these layers form? Teacher's Note Chapter 3 deals with one kind of rock - sedimentary rock. This does leave one wondering what other types of rock there are. The main other type of rock is igneous rock. That is rock that has been hot and molten, and pushed up from deep in the mantle. Mostly it hardens under the ground and we see it only millions of years later when erosion has removed the ground over it. Sometimes it breaks through the crust as molten lava, and we have a volcano. The top of the Drakensberg is the remains of ahuge outpouring oflava long ago. Nature is always breaking down rock and eroding it, so mountains are always changing. They change so slowly that we cannot notice it in aperson's lifetime, but the changes are happening all the time. We saw in Chapter 2 that the surface of the Earth is made up of rocks and soil. There are dierent soil types, but did you know that there are also dierent types of rock? We classify rocks depending on how they were formed. We are only going to look at Sedimentary rock in this chapter and find out how it is formed and used. 3.1 Formation of sedimentary rock In Chapter 2, we saw how rocks break up into smaller and smaller pieces, until we have grains of sand. Now we find out what happens to the sand.
First, rocks break up into smaller pieces, until the pieces are grains of sand. Next, wind and moving water carry the sand and mud away. Then the wind or the water may drop the sand and mud in one place. Finally, the sand grains might get stuck together again over time and make new rock. This new rock is called sedimentary rock. Erosion and deposition When wind or water move the pieces away from the rock, we call this erosion. The wind and water erode the rock as they carry away the sand. A large valley is forming due to soil erosion. 1 Soil erosion due to water. When the wind and water put the sand grains down, we call this deposition. The wind and water deposit the sand. The wind is depositing sand in this corner of the school. Deposition is happening here. Chapter 3. Sedimentary rocks 2 127
- Page 84 and 85: VISIT Short video showing the sun,
- Page 86 and 87: The planets move in orbits around t
- Page 88 and 89: MATERIALS: • 100m heavy string
- Page 90 and 91: Teacher's Note Make sure to point o
- Page 92 and 93: 2 Surface of the Earth 84 KEY QUEST
- Page 94 and 95: QUESTIONS: 1. What is under the flo
- Page 96 and 97: Imagine we could cut aslice out of
- Page 98 and 99: QUESTIONS 1. If you dig ahole in th
- Page 100 and 101: Teacher's Note Iron melts at those
- Page 102 and 103: The hole will come to of the other
- Page 104 and 105: Look at the place where the water h
- Page 106 and 107: VISIT Rocks erode to form soil (vid
- Page 108 and 109: ACTIVITY: Make a model of acid wate
- Page 110 and 111: ACTIVITY: Look at dierent kinds of
- Page 112 and 113: MATERIALS: • 3 big cool drink bot
- Page 114 and 115: In the beginning, you might think t
- Page 116 and 117: The topsoil has gone from this land
- Page 118 and 119: INSTRUCTIONS: 1. Collect two tins o
- Page 120 and 121: QUESTIONS 1. Can you make pots with
- Page 122 and 123: VISIT Interesting website about soi
- Page 124 and 125: QUESTIONS: 1. Are the drops on the
- Page 126 and 127: Set up the soils as you see in the
- Page 128 and 129: Which soil type do plants grow best
- Page 130 and 131: Average height grown by seedlings i
- Page 132 and 133: Answer: Crust, mantle, core. 2. Wha
- Page 136 and 137: Sediments When the sand grains coll
- Page 138 and 139: 2. Which is the oldest sediment? Th
- Page 140 and 141: Look at the layers in the sedimenta
- Page 142 and 143: This is how the mountains look now.
- Page 144 and 145: A sculpture made from limestone. 10
- Page 146 and 147: Cement is also made from shale. The
- Page 148 and 149: 4 Fossils 140 KEY QUESTIONS • Wha
- Page 150 and 151: VISIT When a T-Rex attacks! (video)
- Page 152 and 153: VISIT How are fossils formed? goo.g
- Page 154 and 155: Teacher's Note Of course, it's much
- Page 156 and 157: Teacher's Note Note that the mould
- Page 158 and 159: There was a flood and the river ros
- Page 160 and 161: A footprint which has hardened in t
- Page 162 and 163: Do you know where this is in South
- Page 164 and 165: VISIT Finding the coelacanth (video
- Page 166 and 167: I just love learning more and more
- Page 168 and 169: ACTIVITY: Thinking about the Cradle
- Page 170 and 171: REVISION: 1. Are animal fossils mad
- Page 172 and 173: 5 Notes 164 Chapter 1 Stored energy
First, rocks break up into smaller pieces, until the pieces are grains<br />
of s<strong>and</strong>. Next, wind <strong>and</strong> moving water carry the s<strong>and</strong> <strong>and</strong> mud<br />
away. Then the wind or the water may drop the s<strong>and</strong> <strong>and</strong> mud in<br />
one place. Finally, the s<strong>and</strong> grains might get stuck together again<br />
over time <strong>and</strong> make new rock. This new rock is called sedimentary<br />
rock.<br />
Erosion <strong>and</strong> deposition<br />
When wind or water move the pieces away from the rock, we call<br />
this erosion. The wind <strong>and</strong> water erode the rock as they carry away<br />
the s<strong>and</strong>.<br />
A large valley is forming due to soil<br />
erosion.<br />
1<br />
Soil erosion due to water.<br />
When the wind <strong>and</strong> water put the s<strong>and</strong> grains down, we call this<br />
deposition. The wind <strong>and</strong> water deposit the s<strong>and</strong>.<br />
The wind is depositing s<strong>and</strong> in this corner of the school.<br />
Deposition is happening here.<br />
Chapter 3. Sedimentary rocks<br />
2<br />
127
Change language