Natural Sciences and Technology Grade 5-B ... - Thunderbolt Kids
Natural Sciences and Technology Grade 5-B ... - Thunderbolt Kids Natural Sciences and Technology Grade 5-B ... - Thunderbolt Kids
The topsoil has gone from this land, and the farmer can never grow food here again. 5 Even if the farmer stops the erosion, it will be about 1000 years before nature can make new topsoil to replace the soil that has gone. If there is too little top-soil, then there will be too few plants for animals to eat. So all animals depend on the top-soil, even animals like lions that only eat meat. QUESTIONS We can say that lions depend on top-soil for their food, although they do not eat top-soil. Why do lions depend on the top-soil for their food? Explain your answer. Hint: Think back to what you learned in the first term in Life and Living about food chains. Lions eat other animals, such as impala, zebra, girae, etc. these animals are herbivores which eat grass and other plants. The plants that these animals eat need topsoil to grow in. So the lions are indirectly dependent on topsoil by their feeding relationships. 2.3 Soil types Have you ever noticed how many dierent colours of soil and textures of soil there are? Even if you are just walking around your school ground, you may come across many dierent types of soil. 108 Earth and Beyond
This is because there are dierent particles which make up soil. These particles can vary in amounts and therefore make up dierent types of soils. Some particles are bigger, others are smaller and some are in between. A soil sample normally has a lot of particles either bigger, smaller or in between and asmaller portion of the other sizes. Soil particles -Sand, silt and clay There are 3 main types of particles which make up soil: 1. Clay 2. Silt 3. Sand If the soil was formed from a very hard rock, then it has bigger particles, if it was formed from asoft rock then the particles will be smaller. INVESTIGATION: Dierent amounts of sand, silt and clay AIM: To find out how much sand, silt and clay there is in soil from two dierent places. PREDICTION (what you think you will find out): The soil from _____________ will have more ______________, and the soil from __________ will have more ____________ . MATERIALS AND APPARATUS: • soil from two dierent places, such as near the top of a slope/hill, and near the bottom. Or take soil from under atree and other soil in an area with wild grass. The soils should look dierent. • sheets of newspaper to keep the desks clean • two large see-through jars the same size. Chapter 2. Surface of the Earth 109
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This is because there are dierent particles which make up soil.<br />
These particles can vary in amounts <strong>and</strong> therefore make up<br />
dierent types of soils.<br />
Some particles are bigger, others are smaller <strong>and</strong> some are in<br />
between. A soil sample normally has a lot of particles either bigger,<br />
smaller or in between <strong>and</strong> asmaller portion of the other sizes.<br />
Soil particles -S<strong>and</strong>, silt <strong>and</strong> clay<br />
There are 3 main types of particles which make up soil:<br />
1. Clay<br />
2. Silt<br />
3. S<strong>and</strong><br />
If the soil was formed from a very hard rock, then it has bigger<br />
particles, if it was formed from asoft rock then the particles will be<br />
smaller.<br />
INVESTIGATION: Dierent amounts of s<strong>and</strong>, silt <strong>and</strong><br />
clay<br />
AIM:<br />
To find out how much s<strong>and</strong>, silt <strong>and</strong> clay there is in soil from two<br />
dierent places.<br />
PREDICTION (what you think you will find out):<br />
The soil from _____________ will have more ______________, <strong>and</strong><br />
the soil from __________ will have more ____________ .<br />
MATERIALS AND APPARATUS:<br />
• soil from two dierent places, such as near the top of a<br />
slope/hill, <strong>and</strong> near the bottom. Or take soil from under atree<br />
<strong>and</strong> other soil in an area with wild grass. The soils should look<br />
dierent.<br />
• sheets of newspaper to keep the desks clean<br />
• two large see-through jars the same size.<br />
Chapter 2. Surface of the Earth<br />
109
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