LIBRARY

DIPTERA 749
four- to five-segmented. Mesonotum with a distinct or obscure "V" suture. Wings
present, reduced, or absent; strong; costal vein encircling the wing; discaI cell
present, open or closed. Halteres prominent. Legs extremely long and deciduous,
with or without tibial spurs. Tip of abdomen enlarged to form a hypopygium
bearing coxites, styles, and redeagus. Female with fleshy or sc1erotized
ovipositor. Larvre commonly called leather jackets; fleshy, cylindrical, 11- to
FIG. 269. The smoky crane fly, Tipula itljllscata Locw. a, adult female; b. tip of abdomen
and ovipositor: c, lower genital plate; d, dorsal aspect of head; e, antenna! segments;!, ventral
aspect of ovipositor with lower plates removed; g, lingulafonn appendage of same; ii, lateral
aspect of head of male; i, hypopygium of male. (After Hyslop, U.S.D.A.)
12-segmented; tough, leathery integument; often rugose and pigmented or transparent;
head deeply invaginated or exserted; antennre well developed; labium
large, toothed; hypopharynx large, chitinized; with or without pseudopods;
spiracles on thorax and abdomen (amphipneustic) or only on anal segment
(metapneustic), may be fringed in aquatic species; protrusile blood gills. proc·