LIBRARY

620
COLLEGE ENTOMOLOGY
Antenna; - variable, generally longer and more modified in the male,
which is usually i3-segmented, than in the female, which is normally
12-segmented; filiform, moniliform, clavate, pectinate, flabellate, ringed,
verticillate, or geniculate, and usually with a scape, pedicel, and a flagellum;
number of segments in series of three to four, 12 to 13, or 14 to 70.
\
metanolum
mesosculellum
body hair
camera
" spiracle
.. : 8th hemilergite
1st valvifer
2nd VCllvifer
FIG. 212. The bee, Anthophora edwardsii Cresson. Drawings of adult male and the sting
and accessory organs of the female to show the important. characters used in classifying bees.
(Drawing by C. D. Michener.)
Eyes - usually very well developed and large; wide apart and often
occupying much of the head (holoptic); atrophied or reduced to a single
facet in certain ants.
Ocelli - normally three are present in a triangle on the vertex; abortive
or absent in the bembicid wasps and some worker ants.
Mouth parts - mandibulate for biting, chewing, mining, cutting, scraping,
sucking, and lapping; exceedingly highly specialized. Varying from the
typically biting type in the phytophagous forms with strong dentate
mandibles, weIl"formed maxilla: with six-segmented palpi, labium with