LIBRARY

486
COLLEGE ENTOMOLOGY
the fruit and foliage of wild and cultivated fruit trees and a variety of other
plants. PUpation is in the ground, and wingless females emerge from the soil
and oviposit in the spring of the year. The related fall cankerworm, Alsophila
pornetaria (Harris), (family CENOCHROMATIDA3:) is similar, but the females
mature and oviposit in the fall, the eggs remaining on the host over winter
and hatching in the following spring. The gooseberry spanworm, CymatophOTa
ribearia (Fitch), (family THYATIRID.tE) is a common species in eastern
North America. The European ETannis defoliaria (Clerck) (Hybernia) (family
BREPHIDJE) has wingless females and winged males. It is often very abundant
and destructive to fruit and forest trees. The herbarium moth, Eois
ptelearia Riley, (family ACIDALIIDA3:) is peculiar in that the larvre are injuriolls
to dried plant specimens in herbariums in the United States. The rough
larvre have two pairs of prolegs and spin open, lace-like cocoons.
Many other well-known species, too numerous to mention, occur in almost
every region.
(20) Superfamily BOMBYCOIDEA Dyar 1902
KEY TO IMPORTANT FAMILIES
1. Cubitus of fore wings apparently three- or rarely two-branched 2
Cubitus of fore wings apparently four-branched 3
2. Frenulum present, about one sixteenth the length of the hind wings;
proboscis aborted. Large dull-colored moths. Larvre hairy and
pupating in silken cocoons . THAUMETOPCEIDlE
Frenulum absent or, if present. not exceeding the front basal angle of
the wing; proboscis absent; antennre bipectinate in both sexes.
Medium-sized robust densely hairy or scaly moths. Larvre smooth,
with anal hom, and pupate in thick silken cocoons. (Silkmoth,
Silkworm.) . . BOMBYCIDlE p. 488
3. Second cuhital vein of {ore wings arising from the cell about one third
out or from nearer the base; last radial vein stalked with the first
medial; frenulum absent, the basal front angle of the hind wings expanded
and furnished with a couple of short extra veins; proboscis
absent; antent1re pectinate in both sexes. Medium-sized to large
robust mostly brown or somber moths which are nocturnal. The caterpillars
are hairy and anned with lateral tufts and pupate in a cocoon
of silk and hair. Many species are serious pests. (Tent Caterpillars,
etc.) . LASIOCAMPIDlE
Family LASIOCAMPIDlE (HarriS 1841), Waterhouse 1882 (La'si-o-cam'pi-dre,
from the Greek }"'6mos, hairy, shaggy, + Ko.P.'lr'l1, a caterpillar, or a silkworm;
referring to the hairy Jarvre or to the extensive silken webs). German.
Glucken. Tent Caterpillars, Eggars, Lappet Moths, Lackey Moths.
Medium-sized to large hairy and scaly, stout-bodied, nocturnal and diurnal
swift-flying moths closely related to the silkworms, some of them producing
silk used commercially. Antennre bipectinate in both sexes. Eyes hairy, Ocelli
greatly reduced or absent. Proboscis greatly atrophied. Maxillary palpi