The Unknown City: Contesting Architecture and Social Space

Notes
1 See also Henri Lefebvre, The Production of
Space, trans. Donald Nicholson-Smith (Oxford:
Blackwell, 1991), pp. 419–423.
2 Henri Lefebvre, Introduction to Modernity:
Twelve Preludes, September 1959–May 1961, trans.
John Moore (London: Verso, 1995), p. 5.
3 Caine Gayle, “Multiple Choice through
Words and Pictures,” Slap 4 no. 9 (September
1995): 33.
4 Lefebvre, Production of Space, pp. 52,
352–400.
5 This chapter is part of a larger exploration of
skateboarding and the urban realm, with particular
reference to Henri Lefebvre’s ideas on space,
the everyday, and the urban. The body-centric
space and the early history of skateboarding in
backyard pools and skateparks are discussed in
Iain Borden, “Body Architecture: Skateboarding
and the Creation of Super-Architectural Space,”
in Occupying Architecture: Between the Architect and
the User, ed. Jonathan Hill (London: Routledge,
1998), pp. 195–216.
6 Thrasher 9, no. 6 (June 1989): 53. On the
ollie, see Siân Liz Evans, “Young, Gifted, and
Board Stupid,” The Big Issue, no. 126 (17–23
April 1995): 18.
7 Stacy Peralta, interview, Interview, no. 17
(July 1987): 102–103.
8 Ewan Bowman, “Comment,” Sidewalk
Surfer, no. 13 (January–February 1997): n.p.
9 Virilio is cited in Edward Said, “Culture and
Imperialism,” Design Book Review, nos. 29–30
(summer/fall 1993): 6–13.
10 Henri Lefebvre, Everyday Life in the Modern
World, trans. Sacha Rabinovitch (London: Transaction,
1984), p. 123.
11 Ibid., pp. 134–135.
12 Ibid., p. 135.
13 Jesse Neuhaus, quoted in Leah Garchik,
“The Urban Landscape,” San Francisco Chronicle,
late summer 1994, posted on DansWORLD
Internet site, http://web.cps.msu.edu/~dunhamda/
dw/dansworld.html (accessed March 1995).
Skateboarding and the Critique of Architecture
14 Michel Foucault, “Of Other Spaces: Utopias
and Heterotopias,” trans. Jay Miskowiec in Architecture
Culture 1943–1968: a Documentary Anthology,
ed. Joan Ockman (New York: Rizzoli,
1993), pp. 422–423. On symbols, see Lefebvre,
Production of Space, p. 366.
15 Observed in Oslo, April 1997.
16 Observed in Prague, April 1990.
17 See British skateboard magazines, passim.
18 Andreas Papadakis, Geoffrey Broadbent,
and Maggie Toy, eds., introduction to Free Spirit
in Architecture: Omnibus Volume (London: Academy
Editions, 1992), pp. 18–19.
19 Henri Lefebvre, The Explosion: Marxism and
the French Revolution, trans. Alfred Ehrenfeld
(New York: Monthly Review, 1969), pp. 71–72.
I thank Kath Shonfield for recommending this
text.
20 Lefebvre, Everyday Life in the Modern World,
p. 184.
21 Henri Lefebvre, “Right to the City,” in Writings
on Cities, ed. and trans. Eleonore Kofman and
Elizabeth Lebas (Oxford: Blackwell, 1996), p. 127.
22 Lefebvre, Everyday Life in the Modern World,
pp. 183–184. See Roland Barthes, Writing Degree
Zero, trans. Annette Lavers and Colin Smith
(London: Cape, 1967).
23 Lefebvre, “Right to the City,” p. 128.
24 Tony Bennett, The Birth of the Museum: History,
Theory, Politics (London: Routledge, 1995).
25 Lefebvre, Explosion, p. 98.
26 Tom Hodgkinson, “Rad, Mad, and Dangerous
to Know?” Midweek (London), 18 January
1990, p. 10.
27 “Searching, Finding, Living, Sharing,”
R. A. D. Magazine, no. 79 (September 1989):
16.
28 Lefebvre, “Right to the City,” p. 103.
29 Henri Lefebvre, “Rhythmanalysis of Mediterranean
Cities,” in Writings on Cities, p. 237.
30 Henri Lefebvre, éléments de rythmanalyse:
Introduction à la connaissance des rythmes (Paris: