IVRI 2318.pdf
IVRI 2318.pdf
IVRI 2318.pdf
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THE EFFECT OJ? CERT.AIN DmTGS 23<br />
these drugs. With J .. R. lVI. the last two experiments after<br />
the morphine on November 8, and the laFlt two after the heroin<br />
on May 5 show a drop of 5 to 10 per cent in the oxygen, while<br />
several of the experiments on June 5 after morphine seem to<br />
indicate a high oxygen consumption, but aside from these cases<br />
there is no marked difference between the periods before and<br />
after the drug was given.<br />
The drop in the CO2 elimination per minute after giving morphine<br />
is very evident, and except with H. I.J. H. with morphine<br />
on June 6, is considerable. This has contributed to the<br />
diminution in the ventilation per minute and per respiration.<br />
With the drop in the CO 2 elimination, we find in every experiment<br />
a fall in the respiratory quotient. This fall in respiratory<br />
quotient may be theoretically accounted fOl' in two way," (1)<br />
the accumulation or storage of CO2 in the body an.d (2) a change<br />
in the metabolism, as conversion of fat into carbohydrates. The<br />
former was one reason mentioned by Grehant (47) to account<br />
for a drop in the CO 2 elimination in a 15.6 kg. dog from 0.348<br />
gram pel' minute aWH,ke to 0.123 gram per minute in morphine<br />
sleep. If there were in our experiments a storage of CO2, there<br />
may be cited two possible causes for its occurrence (1) a less<br />
sensitive respiratory center leading to accumulation of CO2 jn<br />
the arterial blood and correspondingly in the venous blood and<br />
tissues, and (2) a sluggish circulation leading to storage of considerable<br />
amounts of venous blood in the splanchnics. If the<br />
former is the case; it should be indicated by increased CO2 tension<br />
in the alveolar air, for an increased alveolar CO2 tension<br />
would signify increased (stored) quantities of CO 2 in the arterial<br />
blood and consequently throughout the body. The rise in the<br />
alveoll1r CO2 tension wjth morphine is equal to or less than the<br />
drop with caffeine, and any p.rop in respiratory quotient with<br />
morphine due to storage of CO2 should be equivalent to a similar<br />
rise in respiratory quotient due to caffeine. But the respiratory<br />
quotients in the experiments with caffeine show a Blight<br />
increase in one case and a fall in the other. Also the largest<br />
drop in the respiratory quotient occurs in morphine experiments<br />
with J. H. M. in which there was no rise in the alveolar CO 2
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