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Cutaway view of the blowout<br />
preventer can help to show the<br />
main parts:<br />
body,<br />
cover,<br />
packing element, and<br />
operating cylinder.<br />
The pressure of hydraulic fluid<br />
introduced under the piston (A)<br />
produces lifting power that<br />
raises the operating cylinder.<br />
The tapered bowl of operating<br />
cylinder compresses the<br />
packing element to make the<br />
annular shutoff.<br />
Pumping the hydraulic fluid in<br />
opposite direction (B) forces<br />
the operating cylinder<br />
downward, thus permitting the<br />
packing unit to open by<br />
expansion.<br />
Annular-type<br />
preventer (Hydril)<br />
A<br />
B