Review of Cabling Techniques and Environmental Effects Applicable

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Review of Cabling Techniques and Environmental Effects Applicable to the Offshore Wind Farm Industry – Technical Report Lincoln, J.B., (1985), “Subsea Pipeline Trenching”, Proc. Australian Conf. on Coastal and Ocean Engng., Australian Inst. Engnrs., Vol.1, p.169-181. Murdoch, L.C., (1993a), “Hydraulic Fracturing of Soil during Laboratory Experiments, Part 1, Methods and Observations”, Geotechnique, Vol.43, No.2, p.255-265. Murdoch, L.C., (1993b), “Hydraulic Fracturing of Soil during Laboratory Experiments, Part 2, Propagation”, Geotechnique, Vol.43, No.2, p.267-276. Murdoch, L.C., (1993c), “Hydraulic Fracturing of Soil during Laboratory Experiments, Part 3, Theoretical Analyses”, Geotechnique, Vol.43, No.2, p.277- 287. Norfolk Offshore Wind (2002). Cromer Offshore Wind Farm, Environmental Statement, October 2002. Parr, W., Clarke, S.J., van Dijk, P. & Morgan, N. (1998). Turbidity in English and Welsh waters. Report prepared for English Nature, Report no. Co 4301/1., 116 pp. Marlow: Water Research Centre. Permanent International Association of Navigation Congresses (PIANC), Report of a working group of the permanent technical committee II (Supp. to PIANC Bull.No 47), 1984. RPS (2005). London Array Offshore Wind Farm, Coastal Processes Investigation, ABP Mer Report No R.1179, (Appendix H, Review of Cable Installation Options), May 2005. Seacon (2005). Sediment spillage during array cable installation at Nysted Offshore Wind Farm, January 2005, Report 0402-1-1-L001 rev.1. Scira Offshore Energy Ltd (2006). Sheringham Shoal Offshore Wind Farm Environmental Statement. Non-technical Summary available from http://www. scira.co.uk/newsevents/documents/NTS.pdf Shields, A., (1936), “Application of Similarity Principles and Turbulence Research to Bed-Load Movement”, Mitteilungen der Preussischen. Thanet Offshore Wind Limited. (2005). Thanet Offshore Wind Farm Environmental Statement. 144
Subtidal Ecology References Connecticut Siting Council (CSC). (2001). Draft Environmental Impact Report/ Draft Environmental Impact Statement (EIR/EIS) for the Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute’s (MBARI) Monterey Accelerated Research System (MARS) Cabled Observatory. March 2005. Available at http://www.montereybay.noaa. gov/ new/2005/031505marseir.html. Dernie, K.M., Kaiser, M.J., Richardson, E.A. & Warwick, R.M. (2002). Recovery of soft sediment communities and habitats following physical disturbance. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, 285 – 286: 415-434. EMU Ltd. (2004). Subsea Cable Decommissioning – A limited environmental appraisal. Report for British Telecommunications Plc, Cable & Wireless, AT&T. pp67. Greater Gabbard Offshore Winds Ltd., (2005). Greater Gabbard Offshore Wind Farm Environmental Statement. Johnston, C.M., Turnbull, C.G. & Tasker, M.L. (2002). Natura 2000 in UK Offshore Waters: Advice to support the implementation of the EC Habitats and Birds Directives in UK offshore waters. JNCC Report 325, Peterborough. ISSN 0963 8091. Kogan, I., Paull, C., Kuhnz, L., Burton, E. J., Von Thun, S., Greene, G. H., & Barry, J. P. (2003). Environmental impact of the ATOC/Pioneer Seamount Submarine Cable. Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute, C.A., Monterey Bay National Marine Sanctuary, C.A. Available to download from: http://montereybay.noaa. gov/research/techreports/cablesurveynov2003.pdf Newell, R.C., Seiderer, L. J. & Hitchcock, D R. (1998). The impact of dredging works in coastal waters: a review of the sensitivity to disturbance and subsequent recovery of biological resources on the seabed. Oceanography and Marine Biology: an Annual Review, 36: 127-78. Norfolk Offshore Wind (2002). Norfolk Offshore Wind Farm Environmental Statement. Savidge W.B. & Taghon G.L. (1988). Passive and active components of colonization following two types of disturbance on an intertidal sandflat. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology. 115: 137-155. Thanet Offshore Wind Limited. (2005). Thanet Offshore Wind Farm Environmental Statement. 145
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REVIEW OF CABLING TECHNIQUES AND EN
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Review of Cabling Techniques and En
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Abbreviations AIS Automatic Identif
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TTS Temporary Threshold Shift TWA T
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3 Cable types and 18 installation t
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4 Physical change 4.1 Introduction
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Page 164: Printed in UK on recycled paper. De
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