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Beyond IUI, IVF and ICSI - New developments in - eshre 2013

Beyond IUI, IVF and ICSI - New developments in - eshre 2013

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5. Birefr<strong>in</strong>gence–polarisation microscopy<br />

Partial sperm head birefr<strong>in</strong>gence<br />

Indicates acrosome reaction<br />

Higher cl<strong>in</strong> PR <strong>and</strong> IR compared with non-reacted sperm<br />

Gianaroli et al. 2010<br />

No comparative p studies available<br />

46% pregnancy rate<br />

Ghosh et al. 2012<br />

Limited cl<strong>in</strong>ical application<br />

Promis<strong>in</strong>g but expensive<br />

Not well-known<br />

<strong>ICSI</strong> with immotile sperm<br />

First pregnancy reported <strong>in</strong> 1997<br />

Kahraman et al. 1997<br />

Literature reports large ranges<br />

Fertilization rate: range 3% - 76.4%<br />

Pregnancy rate: range 0% - 38%<br />

Large series reported<br />

Kovacic et al. 2006<br />

47 cycles with immotile testicular sperm<br />

66% fertilization rate<br />

38.3% pregnancy rate<br />

<strong>ICSI</strong> with immotile sperm<br />

Discrepancies <strong>in</strong> literature may be caused by<br />

Overall time/effort spend for search<strong>in</strong>g motile sperm<br />

Real immotility vs virtual immotility of <strong>in</strong>dividual spermatozoa<br />

Accurate observation of <strong>in</strong>dividual sperm<br />

Choice of the technique to select viable sperm<br />

EExpertise i of f the h embryologist b l i with i h each h of f the h techniques h i<br />

Ejaculated sperm versus testicular sperm<br />

Search/observation time <br />

<br />

Real immotility <br />

<br />

Fertilization rate <br />

Page 74 of 127

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