APPENDIX C΄ ON DEPILATION: BODY COSMETICS IN CLASSICAL ...

578 APPENDIX C΄
the same result via a different route. For the latter eagle is ̤Ϸ˜
throughout therefore there is no point in calling him ÌÂÏ¿Ìapple˘ÁÔÓ.
Thus, however this may be, it becomes clear that the isolated
remark of the Scholia Veneta Β about the Homeric eagle being called
ÌÂÏ¿Ìapple˘ÁÔ˜ by Archilοchus (it should be noted, incidentally, that
Eustathius mentions nothing of the sort), and the corresponding, out
of place and obviously confused, comment in the Lycophronian
scholia (which makes even apple‡Á·ÚÁÔ˜, a common appellation,
Archilochian) are in all probability mangled and mistaken.
What Archilochus was referring to by his famous phrase was
something on which the popular, common sentiment agreed whether
it had already been crystallised in a proverbial expression or it was
Archilochus who chiefly effected in the first place this formulization.
And this widely held view was that a ÌÂÏ¿Ìapple˘ÁÔ˜, or even worse, a
‰·Û‡appleÚˆÎÙÔ˜ man was one whose manhood was particularly
conspicuous in a rustic, rough and tough manner, manifested
especially in a quarrelsome and pugnacious disposition ever ready for a
brawl, and in corresponding uncouth behaviour. (Cf. for the attitude
e.g. Pseudologistes 32: ‰¤ÔÓ, t apple·Èapple¿ÏËÌ· ηd Λӷ‰Ô˜ - the
chastised man - ñappleÔappleÙ‹ÛÛÂÈÓ, Âú ÙȘ àÓcÚ ‰·Ûf˜ η›, ÙÔÜÙÔ ‰c Ùe
àÚ¯·ÖÔÓ, ÌÂÏ¿Ìapple˘ÁÔ˜ ‰ÚÈÌf ÌfiÓÔÓ Âå˜ Ûb àapple‚Ϥ„ÂÈÂÓ. And Eubulus
in the same direction points in his §¿ÎˆÓ˜ j §‹‰· Fr. II [Meineke,
vol. II, p. 234 = Fr. 61 PCGr. vol. V p. 224, apud Athenaeus 108A]:
ÔéÎ ˇüÔ˘ Ì / ¯ÔÏ‹Ó [bile, gall] ö¯ÂÈÓ, ó˜ ‰’ ìapple¿Ùˇˆ (a kind of fish
supposedly without gall-bladder] ÌÔÈ ‰ÈÂϤÁÔ˘; / âÁg ‰¤ Á’ ÂåÌd ÙáÓ
ÌÂÏ·Ìapple‡ÁˆÓ öÙÈ, i.e. still one of the real men of old). Parallel to this
notion there was the simile of the apple‡Á·ÚÁÔ˜ eagle, with the
significance already explained above. Even if these two sentiments
were initially unconnected, which I think probable, they were bound
to be brought together very soon, associated as they were with a telling
and relevant part of the body. But what in preclassical times was the
opposition between the excitable robust and robustious, pregnacious,
brawling peasant (such as Hercules was supposed to be and
exaggeratedly caricatured in satire in his more boisterous and violent
moods) on the one hand, and the beautiful but strong, well-built and
well-exercised, graceful and aristocratic but athletic and mighty hero
on the other, became later the contrast of the brave and manly to the
timid, effeminate weakling. We saw above that apple‡Á·ÚÁÔ˜ was used by