Here©s Georgia! LIBRARIES - the Digital Library of Georgia

Here©s Georgia! 

Written especially for the book, "Facts About Georgia," and dedicated to tbe 

Georgia Chamber of Commerce. 

By Frank L. Stanton 

Queen o© the richest Promised Land, 


Ringed and wreathed with a golden hand, 

__ Here©s Georgia! 

"With a winnin smile for her lovers true, 

Bright as light in her skits of blue, 

She©s tellin© the country "Howdy©-dot " 

Here©9 Georgia I 

Singin© the song of Ho£e and Home, 


Fields light-white with the fleecy foam, 

Here©s Georgiaf 

^tf/hcre the corn hangs heavy and climbs so high 

It tells the gold in the mines 4 ©Good-by," 

And hides the nifts from the mornin© sky. 


So homey-fair and hearty fine, 


Shinin© star o© the states in line. 

Here©s Georgia I 

Just let ©em move to the music©s sound 

To win the £rize for the golden ground, 

She©ll match ©em swingin© the world around, 


She calls to the listening £eo£le$ far 

From, Georgia.f 

"Come to the land o© the fifornin* Star," 

(That©s Georgia!) 

©Come, from the cabin and sky-line dome! 

Come, as the bee flies to the comb! 

Come, to the land where the world©s at home!" 

(That©s Georgia/) 

Call o© the golden-hearted hills 

Of Georgia! 

The gold-dee^ mines and the whirrin© mills 

Of Georgia! 

Clear as the mornin©s trumpet-call, 

The notes o© the message rise and fall; 

14 Hearts to hold you and homes for all 

In Georgia!" 

Her tables creak with the plenty spread 

By Georgia; 

With Peace herself for to bless the bread 

For Georgia; 

The welcome word is the word we know; 

God©s own land, where the good things grow; 

The Horn o© Plenty©s the "horn we Wow 

In Georgia! 

LIBRARIES 

OF ft

STATE OF GEORGIA 

1916 

PHILIP COOK 

Secretary of State 

NAT E. HARRIS 

Governor 

W. J. SPEER 

Treasurer 

WILLIAM A. WRIGHT 

Comptroller-General and Insurance Commissioner 

CLIFFORD WALKER M. L. BRITTAIN 

Attorney-General Superintendent of Schools 

J. D. PRICE H. M. STANLEY 

Commissioner of Agriculture Comm©r. of Commerce and Labor 

J. D. LINDSAY ........ Pension Commissioner 

W. H. FISH ...... Chief Justice Supreme Court 

S. W. MCCALLIE ......... State Geologist 

DR. H. F. HARRIS ..... Secretary of Board of Health 

R. B. RUSSELL ..... Chief Judge Court of Appeals 

JOHN C. HART ......... Tax Commissioner 

C. M. CANDLER ..... Chairman Railroad Commission 

J. VAN HOLT NASH ........ Adjutant-General 

R. E. DAVIDSON ..... Chairman Prison Commission 

C. S. ARNOW ...... Game and Fish Commissioner 

MRS. M. B. COBB ........... Librarian 

GEORGIA CHAMBER OF COMMERCE 

STATE-WIDE ACTIVITIES 

INCORPORATED, MACON EXECUTIVE OFFICE, ATLANTA 

President 

C. J. HADEN, Atlanta 

WILMER L. MOORE 

Atlanta 

OFFICERS: 

Secretary-Manager 

E. Y. CLARKE, Atlanta 

Treasurer 

T. C. ERWIN, Atlanta 

VICE-PRESIDENTS 

SAM TATE CRAWFORD WHEATLEY RORERT F. MADDOX 

Tate Americus Atlanta 

COMMITTEE ON PUBLICATION OF "FACTS ABOUT GEORGIA" 

C. J. HADEN H. G. HASTINGS R. F. MADDOX 

L. R. AKIN, Brunswick 

P. M. ATKINSON, Madison 

B. G. BRUMBY, Marietta 

J. W. CALLAHAN, Bainbridge 

E. B. CLARK, LaGrange 

R. T. COLE, Newnan 

J. A. DAVIS, Albany 

S. J. FAIRCLOTH, Quitman 

B. H. GROOVER, Reidsville 

J. LzRoY HANKINSON, Augusta 

EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE 

H. G. HASTINGS, Decatur 

L. P. HILLYER, Macon 

HARRY HODGSON, Athens 

ST. ELMO MASSENGALE, Atlanta 

MOSES WRIGHT, Rome 

G. OGDEN PERSONS, Forsyth 

JOHN A. SMITH, Gainesville 

R. P. SPENCER, Columbus 

R. T. JONES, Canton 

W. A. WINBURN, Savannah

FACTS ABOUT 

GEORGIA 

A State Rick 

in 

Resources 

and 

Opulent 

. in 

Opportunities 

PRICE $1.00 

ATLANTA. GEORGIA 

PRESS OF FOOTE 4? DAVIES COMPANY 

1916 

Putlisked Under tlie 

Auspices of tne 

Georgia Chamber 

of Commerce 

Compiled and Edited by 

Louis N. GELDERT

COPYRIGHT. 1916 

By 

GEORGIA CHAMBER 

COMMERCE

SMILING IGEORGIA 

CONTRIBUTED BY 

GEORGIA STATE BOARD OF ENTOMOLOGY 

E. LEE WORSHAM. STATE ENTOMOLOGIST 

MISS ANNIESHARP, ARTIST 

LIST OF GEORGIA PRODUCTS CONTAINED IN ABOVE MAP 

APPLES 

BANANAS 

BARLEY 

BLACKBERRIES 

BLACK WALNUTS 

CANTALOUPES 

CHERRIES 

CHESTNUTS 

CORN 

COTTON 

ENGLISH WALNUTS 

FIGS 

GRAPES 

GRAPE FRUIT 

GROUND PEAS 

LEMONS 

OATS 

OLIVES 

ORANGES 

PEACHES 

PEARS 

PECANS 

PERSIMMON 

PLUMS 

POMEGRANATE 

RICE 

STRAWBERRIES 

SUGAR CANE 

TOBACCO 

WATERMELON 

WHEAT

Tore word 

| T IS THE purpose of this hook to speak with accu 

"* racy the truth about Georgia. That it might he free 

of that undue partisan praise which often blemishes pub 

lications of this kind, an editor -was engaged not native 

to the soil. He was reared in the North and has had 

wide experience in industrial research. Confident that 

the truth -was enough, our instructions to him were to 

keep -within the bounds of authenticated facts, and -wher 

ever in doubt, to keep on the safe side. Before going to 

the printer, his manuscript -was reviewed by a committee 

of capable and careful business men. 

A State possessing more square miles than any other 

east of the Mississippi River; growing a greater variety 

of agricultural products than any other in the Union; en 

joying six out of the seven distinct climates of the United States; ranking among 

the first three in the development of water-power and in the production of gran 

ite, marble, potatoes, peaches and -watermelons ; among the first half dozen in the 

volume of standard minerals; second in cotton; fourth in the value of its agri 

cultural products; with a lower than average tax rate, and a very high public 

credit; is worthy of the profound consideration of all those looking for new 

fields of enterprise. 

The Georgia Chamber of Commerce was organized for the public welfare. 

It is not a party, directly or indirectly, to any undertaking of private gain, ^iVe 

seek to induce no citizens or new investments by exaggerated statements. All 

who are concerned to know more of Georgia on any particular subject matter 

than is contained in this volume, are invited to -write us. \Ve will respond with 

the fullest information at our command. 

GEORGIA CHAMBER OF COMMERCE, 

^L^t^^ President.

GEORGIA STATE

GEORGIA 

A State of Advantageous Oppor- 

• • 

tunities 

Georgia, the largest state east of the Mississippi River, and 

one of the original thirteen states of the Union, is teeming with 

opportunities for the farmer and artisan for those who would 

work, or play or simply rest. Marvelously rich in climates, soils, 

minerals, forests, fruits and flowers, with excellent schools, thriv- 

V . ing cities and towns, ports beyond compare, and industrial acf 

% tivities growing and extending with amazing rapidity, there is so 

-i ©. much of it that its nearly three million busy people are unequal 

5 in numbers to the task of development. 

_^ © There is enough and to spare, and in the spirit of the founders 

«C; of the Colony in 1733, who adopted as their motto non sibi 

^,~ sed aliis (not for themselves, but for others), Georgia smiles 

its welcome and extends its invitation to the people of other 

states and countries, where the rigors of climate and other con 

ditions are less favorable to successful husbandry, to come and 

share in its abundant resources. 

There is no room in Georgia for the lazy and shiftless, but for 

ambitious, self-respecting peoples, who, independent of sex, recog 

nize the dignity of honest labor, who fear God, revere the sanc 

tity of the home, and are amenable to law and order, there is a 

, ( hearty welcome, a fair field, a kindly soil and a golden harvest 

^, to be gathered. Nature has done her part. The lap of Georgia 

; has been lavishly heaped with advantageous opportunities. Men 

/ and women with enterprise and moderate means are needed to 

V develop what Nature has so bountifully provided. 

Sunny, Smiling Georgia! Sir Richard Montgomery, to whom 

the Lord Proprietors of the Carolinas had granted part of it in 

1717, wherewith to establish his proposed Margravate of Azilla, 

described it as a veritable paradise, "the most delightful country," 

where, he said, "the flowers bloomed earlier, the birds sang 

sweeter, the water was colder and purer, the air was always 

balmy, and winter was not known." Sir Richard never gained his 

paradise, but others did, and as they journeyed farther from the 

coast and upward into the West and North, new delights were ex 

perienced, soils and zones of climate and vegetation were found 

in numberless variety, and each could choose a home-site to 

// a wall was built 

around Georgia it could 

be made entirely self- 

supporting. Any crop 

possible to raise be 

tween the Frigid and 

Tropical Zones can be 

matured in Georgia, suf 

ficient to support ten 

times tHe State©s present 

population. 

§>

Atlanta—Capital City of 

Gteorgia—Leads the En 

tire South in Bank 

Clearings ana Postal 

.Receipts. 

Capital invested in Man 

ufacturing in Atlanta in 

1914—$36,096,000. 

IO FACTS ABOUT GEORGIA 

accord with his own ideals. The same freedom of choice exists 

to-day in Georgia. 

The story of how a retired business man of the West, having 

attained a modest competency, found his ideal home in Georgia, 

is interesting. Having traveled far and wide in vain search, he 

was one of a dining party at a seaside home in California, and 

being urged for his reasons why he would not abide among them, 

explained that he was looking for a better country, where it was 

not "always afternoon," where the summer was not too hot and 

the winter was short but bracing; where there were no mos 

quitoes and the nights were cool but not chilly. He wanted a 

place where he could do something or grow something, and keep 

from rusting by mixing work with his play. Living in that coun 

try must be cheap, labor plentiful and cheap, good shooting and 

fishing to be had, with the conveniences of life, the society of con 

genial neighbors, and easy access to the big centers of popula 

tion by frequent and rapid train service. 

He did not want any lodge in a vast wilderness, and while de 

siring plenty of leisure he wanted also some work and something 

to achieve. His friends laughed at his Utopian dream, but one 

old gentleman quietly informed him that all unconsciously he 

had been describing the country, climate and conditions actually 

existing in a section of North Georgia. That our idealist found 

what he sought, and has been a prosperous and happy planter in 

his Dreamland for the ten years since that time, goes without 

saying. 

It is the purpose of this book to so interest the prospective 

settler, investor and developer, in the wide extent and diversity 

of Georgia©s resources, that they will look this way, and looking,

FACTS ABOUT GEORGIA ii 

see and be satisfied, that here can be found their own Utopia, 

the land of their dreams, "Where peace and plenty cheer the 

laborer©s rest." 

Georgia beckons also to its own wanderers. The home folks are 

beginning to raise enough fatted calves to provide feasts for the 

whole army of prodigal sons and daughters, and the ©possums 

are fat and saucy and lay low on the branches. Georgia©s bosom 

is warm and broad and her arms are extended wide in cordial 

invitation. 

The man who wants twenty-five or fifty acres of such land as 

Georgia offers would have to pay for it in Iowa, Illinois, Kansas, 

Nebraska, or almost anywhere in the middle west, from $100 to 

$200 an acre. He can not only get the same land in Georgia at 

from $30 to $40 an acre, but he gets along with it a climate and 

a soil that enables him to make at least two, -ind sometimes three, 

crops in a single year, where in the colder and more severe climates 

of the north and middle west he can make but one. 

When this fact becomes generally known there is no question 

whatever that Georgia farm values will experience a greater spurt 

than they have yet shown in all the history of their recent rapid 

advance. This information is being gradually spread, and it is 

that which, as much as anything else, is preserving and increasing 

Georgia farm values at a time when other real estate is at a com 

parative standstill. 

Atlanta Skyline 1916 

Hub of 'New Industrial 

South—Oner 500 manit- 

facturing plants 

Value of manufactured 

products of Atlanta in 

1914 given by V. 8. Cen 

sus at $41,313,000.

Take the world over and 

nowhere has agriculture 

shown quicker or more 

generous response in 

•profits to intelligent ef 

fort than in Georgia 

soil. You may get from 

an acre as much as 

$3,000 in a single year— 

it has been (Lone—or, 

you may get as little as 

$25 by merely scratch 

ing the soil. 

$>

FACTS ABOUT GEORGIA 

crusaders, the planters, from Spanish buccaneers of the south, 

who were seriously threatening the Carolina colonists. The 

"baby" colony became known also as the "Sentinel" colony. At 

the decisive battle of "Bloody Marsh," on St. Simons Island, 

July 7, 1742, Spain lost a continent, and Oglethorpe, his task com 

pleted, sheathed his sword, devoted another year to the adminis 

trative construction of Ris ideal colony, returned to England, mar 

ried happily, and spent the balance of his long life in honored 

activities at home. Thus endeth all true romances. 

In the ten years of Oglethorpe©s paternal governorship, Georgia 

had grown strong in numbers, in agriculture, commerce, thrift 

and high ideals of humanity. With thirty-five families, 130 in all, 

the city of Savannah, on the Yamacraw Bluffs, had been founded 

in January 1733, and as an early example of civic planning, it 

remains to-day the highest type of the City Beautiful. 

Sir James Edward Oglethorpe was swayed by lofty impulses, 

and had the constructive ability and strength of character to 

mould men to his liking. In philanthropy and practical socialism 

he was far in advance of his times. He was as well a soldier, 

statesman, scholar, and conscientious exponent of Christian prin 

ciples. Georgia is justly proud of her founder, and of the 

exalted ideals of government he inaugurated. Together with the 

board of trustees he represented, he served without pecuniary 

compensation, and spent freely of his own funds in the scheme 

OGLETHORPE MONUMENT, CITY OP SAVANNAH, ERECTED IN 1909 

Commemorating Philan 

thropic seal of the city's 

Founder.


of colonization. Oglethorpe was still alive in England at ninety 

years of age, when the trouble arose between the old country 

and its colonies, and he stoutly refused to be a party to the co 

ercion of "his people," as he called them. 

The first agricultural ventures of the colonists were in mulberry 

trees for silk worm culture, and in indigo plants, but these proving 

unsuccessful, they turned to the lines of least resistance, and rice, 

corn and cotton soon became the staple crops. Commerce with 

the home country was established. Augusta was founded in 

1735. Other settlements and trading posts followed. Schools 

were built, often before churches. More settlers came, attracted 

by the reports of fertile soil and kindly climate. Came the Salz- 

burgers with their religious fervor and frugality; the Moravians, 

who did not tarry long to leave their non-combative impress on 

the population, but moved on to Pennsylvania; the Scotch High 

landers, with their fighting blood, their rugged strength and mas 

terful ways; many Huguenots, and some Hebrews. 

The Wesleys, Charles and John, came, and preached, got home 

sick, and returned. Came Whitefield and preached, and deeply 

enriched the religious life of the entire country. Under Ogle 

thorpe, slavery was inhibited, likewise all spirituous liquors. The 

first Sunday School in the world was established in Savannah 

SAVANNAH©S TRIBUTE TO OGLETHORPK©S FUIKND, CHIEF TOMOCHICHI 

Sk.


SAVANNAH©S BKAtrTIFCL BOXAVENTURE CEMETERY 

under Wesley. The first orphan asylum in America was built for 

Whitefield. Oglethorpe placated the Indians by kindness and 

just treaties, won their friendship, and saved his people from the 

bloody massacres and outrages that were experienced in other 

early settlements. 

In 1752 the trustees of the colony relinquished their charter, 

and Georgia became an independent province, with a local assem 

bly. Then the head-right policy was adopted, giving to every male 

200 acres of land, with 50 acres additional for each child. That 

was the true foundation of Georgia©s industrial prosperity, or as 

some one said "that placed the rock of conscious independence 

beneath our feet, and the crown of industrial glory upon our 

head." 

Then, too, came the Puritans, 350 of them, with their bibles, 

hymn books and 1500 slaves. The bars to slavery had been let 

down by Oglethorpe©s successor, as a necessity of successful 

competition with the sister colonies. This particular group of 

Puritans was an offshoot of the flock at Dorchester, Massa 

chusetts, and 56 years before had migrated to South Carolina, 

First Sunday School in 

the world, established 

by John Wesley in 

Savannah, and perpetu 

ated by George White- 

field at "Bethesda," by 

which name the famous 

first Orphan Asylum in 

America is known 

«> 

A hundred and fifty 

miles of coast, as the 

crow flies, and numbers 

•of good harbors put 

Georgia in touch with 

the ports of the world; 

every advantage of the 

Panama Canal is hers. 

As Georgia and the 

South are destined to be 

come of paramount im 

portance as a meat pro 

ducing section of Am 

erica, so from Georgia's 

splendid, ports will de 

part the continuous car 

goes of animal food that 

will appaise the hunger 

of Europe.

Historic Savannah — Syl 

van City 'by the Sea — 

Her Port is Georgia's 

Priae 

i6 FACTS ABOUT GEORGIA 

and founded there another Dorchester, but when they removed 

bodily in 1752 to Georgia and settled in the Parish of St. John, 

now Liberty County, they called their new home "Midway." 

All pervasive has been the uplifting influence of this pious, 

God-fearing sect upon the lives and characters of the people of 

Georgia. In numbers, importance and material possessions they 

waxed mightily. It was estimated that in 1776 one-third of the 

wealth of the Colony was in the Parish of St. John. Sunbury, 

the port, was a rival of Savannah in shipping. Rice was their 

main crop for export. The second church building of the Midway 

congregation, erected in 1792, still stands, and is the Mecca 

of the faithful. Annually they gather there from all over the 

state and country the sons and daughters of those devoted ances 

tors who builded a race of God-fearing strain that permeates 

the entire social structure of the United States. 

In the Revolutionary war, Georgia was the scene of many 

bloody battles, and many heroic deeds. Industries suffered se 

verely, and numbers of prosperous communities, wiped out or 

scattered by the Tory troops, were never rebuilt, and only slight 

evidence remains of the pulsating life that there once obtained.. 

So there are really some dead towns in Georgia. Of the heroes 

of that war, Georgia had its full quota and more, and in the 

moulding of the new nation, its patriots and statesmen stand 

in history among the foremost, in self-sacrifice, wise counsel, 

and executive leadership. Family pride in descent from Revolu 

tionary and Colonial ancestors is justly strong among Geor 

gians. Hereditary traits of character persist through the gen 

erations, and strength and honesty of purpose, loyalty to friends,


justice to foes, gentleness of manner, chivalric devotion to wo 

mankind, hospitality to strangers and broad charity, are as com 

monly found among the piney wood or mountain-side cabins of 

the poorer whites, as in the home of affluence and refinement. 

After the Revolution, and the departure of the British sol 

diers, many of whom did not depart at all, by the way, but re 

mained and cast their lot in Georgia or the wilds further west 

came many new settlers. The north of Ireland contributed of 

its best families. From England and Scotland came more of that 

desirable strain that already predominated here. New England©s 

sons and daughters came, and New York and Pennsylvania and 

New Jersey people came, and many stayed. From Virginia and 

the Carolinas hosts of the same staunch stock migrated to Geor 

gia©s blossoming hills and plains. Soon the Empire State of the 

South became first of all states in agricultural, commercial and 

educational progress. 

Georgia©s development after the Revolution was bifocal. The 

colonial families whose activities had centered at Savannah, to 

gether with the new accessions from the old country, occupied the 

southern portion of the State, while the settlement of North 

Georgia radiated from Wilkes county. These people were mainly 

from the colonies to the northeast, and had followed the eastern 

foothills of the Appalachian Mountains from old Virginia. 

Settlement of the State northward and westward began to 

crowd the native Creeks and Cherokees into the hill country, and 

rapid expansion brought serious problems in statesmanship. Bit 

ter fueds arose in .politics. Hot blood ran in many veins, and 

needed to be let to cool by sword thrust or bullet puncture. The 

Embowered in its trees 

and flowers, Savannah 

is busy and prosperous 

The whole city speaks 

the word "welcome."


Code Duello was considered the Court of Honor, and hardly a 

day passed but gentlemen of Georgia adjusted their differences 

by mortal combat. The code was punctiliously adhered to, and 

the custom long prevailed, even when prohibited by laws that 

were more honored in the breach than in the observance. In this 

present day and generation it is hard to conceive the conditions 

that cost the country so many noble lives; among the earliest, that 

of Button Gwinnett, one of the signers of the Declaration of 

Independence. 

In his Georgia Landmarks, Memorials and Legends, Historian 

L. L. Knight throws light on this subject. "For the paramount 

sway of the duelling pistol in a State like Georgia," he says, "there 

were sound reasons. To begin with, the partisanship of the 

Revolution entailed upon us a host of feudal animosities. It also 

engendered the military spirit, to which life on the frontier gave 

constant exercise, through the ever-present dread of an Indian 

outbreak. Children at play revelled in the use of toy weapons, 

with which they stormed imaginary forts and citadels. The long 

protracted feud between Clark and Crawford, at a later period, 

divided the State into two hostile camps, in consequence of which 

there were personal wrangles and disputes without number." 

CASCADE ON TOCCOA CREEK. STEPHENS COUNTY


"Scores of the best families of our State traced descent from 

the Nobility of England; and there was ingrained in the very 

nature of the average Georgian an inherent love of personal en 

counter, as old as the tilt-yards of the Norman Conqueror. 

While the main body of our population was of English origin, 

there was an intermingling of two other strains in which the duel 

found a congenial soil; the Scotch-Irish, grim and silent, tena 

cious of personal opinion, untaught to yield an inch of ground, 

and the French Hugenot, fiery and impulsive, full of the military 

spirit, and prone, without thought of consequences, to seek the 

bubble, Reputation, at the Cannon©s mouth." 

Toocoa Falls, Stephens 

County, 187 feet high. 

 

The highlands of Geor 

gia abound in impres 

sive scenic views — • 

mountain torrents, wa 

terfalls, cascades, wind 

ing streams, with back 

grounds of towering 

heights, or undulating 

hills. 

The Roof Garden of 

Georgia is luxuriant in 

flowers and woods. Its 

valleys and, mountain 

sides are ideal for apple 

and other fruit culture 

and afford unlimited 

opportunities for profit 

able farming. Good fish 

ing and shooting abound 

near excellent hotels, 

and camping parties find 

their summer paradise.

Macon, with eighty 

manufactories, has also 

twenty educational in 

stitutions, including 

~Wesleyan, the first char 

tered female college in 

the world 

The value of Macon's 

manufactured products 

in 1914 was $18,861,000. 

Fourteen railroad lines 

radiate in all directions. 

2O FACTS ABOUT GEORGIA 

With a population of 82,554 in 1790, Georgia had reached 

340,989 in 1820, and 1,057,286 in 1860. During every decade 

up to 1840, its rate of increase in population was higher than 

that of the United States. The present population of the State, 

2,776,513, is thirty-three and one-half times its 1790 population, 

and during the same period the population of the United States 

has multiplied only twenty-three times. 

Not in numbers only was Georgia notably progressive during 

its first half century of statehood, but in education, science, com 

mercial relations and wealth, as well as in agriculture. Railway 

construction began in the early thirties, a complete system being 

planned from the start. Cotton factories multiplied and grew fn 

output. The first had been built near Washington in 1811. New 

towns were springing up. Mechanics were in demand and held 

in high esteem. Labor was everywhere respected. 

In educational endeavor Georgia was an acknowledged leader. 

The first State University in the United States was established in 

Athens, Georgia, in 1784. The first free manual training school 

was started there in 1803. The Constitution of the State of Geor 

gia, adopted in 1777, had stipulated that "schools should be erected 

in each county, and supported at the general expense of the 

State," and these were established accordingly, and granted lands 

and money to provide permanent funds to assist in their support. 

At St. Marys in Camden County and at Augusta, are two dis 

tinguished examples of these County Academies, with endow 

ments dating from 1783. The first female college in the United 

States, with authority to grant diplomas to women, was estab 

lished at Macon, Ga., in 1836, the Wesleyan Female College. 

In scientific research and invention Georgia also shows well in 

the lead. The illustrious discoverer of anesthesia, Dr. Crawford 

W. Long, was a Georgian, a modest country doctor in the town 

of Jefferson when in March 1842, at 27 years of age, he first 

employed sulphuric ether in a surgical operation. No greater

FACTS ABOUT GEORGIA 21 

name or fame has any man in the whole world of medical science. 

The first patent issued for a steam boat was issued by the 

State of Georgia, by legislative act, in February 1788, to Isaac 

Briggs and William Longstreet. It was before the Federal Con 

stitution was operative, and while the states were acting under 

the Articles of Confederation. It was also the only patent ever 

issued by the State. This was two decades before Fulton©s suc 

cessful experiment in steam navigation. 

Georgia must also be accredited with the first steamboat to 

cross the Atlantic (1819), under steam power, the Savannah, 

which was built in New York for Georgia people and with Geor 

gia capital. 

The Rev. Francis R. Goulding at Eatonton, Ga., first invented 

the sewing machine, and had one in practical use in his household 

two years before Howe took out his patent. Being engrossed in 

ministerial and literary duties, the commercial possibilities did 

not appeal to him forceably, and Howe "beat him" to the patent 

office. 

The invention of the cotton gin by Eli Whitney in 1793, at 

Mulberry Grove, near Savannah, while he was living at the home 

of the widow of General Nathaniel Greene, of Revolutionary 

fame, was one of the most notable events of history. It fixed 

slavery as an institution upon the South. It created an industry, 

the ramifications of which have quickened the heart-beats of the 

entire world. King Cotton, "the Snow of Southern Summer," 

as Henry Timrod terms it, became the undisputed ruler of the 

destinies of the Southern States, and still dominates the commerce 

of the United States. Its story is briefly told elsewhere within 

ftiese covers. 

In common with other colonies, Georgia, under its charter, 

extended from the coast westward to the great Mother of Waters, 

the Mississippi River. The early years of statehood were en 

livened by an episode of much dramatic interest, known to history 

Macon, the Geographical 

center of the State, is in 

the Heart of the Famous 

Peach Section, and open 

to River Navigation to 

the Atlantic Ocean. 

Within a radius of fifty 

miles of Macon are 100,- 

000 people. Four thou 

sand carloads of fruit 

shipped from Macon dis 

trict annually.

The expurgation of the 

records in the Yazoo 

fraud case, while the 

atrical in its climax, 

showed the true temper 

of Georgians in their 

devotion to honest prac 

tices and principles 

Relics of the Chero- 

kee's occupation abound 

in North Georgia. Flint 

arrow heads are fre 

quently found and 

burial mounds give evi 

dence of an advanced 

civilisation long before 

contact with the white 

race. 

Many fascinating le 

gends are extant of the 

coming of De 8ota and 

his Spaniards, and their 

life among the Indians 

about Mt. Yonah, where 

gold and- precious stones 

were -plentiful and led 

to bloody games of hide 

and seek. 

22 


as "the Yazoo Fraud." Certain land speculators, for a small con 

sideration, obtained a grant from the legislature in 1794, of the 

entire country now embraced in the states of Alabama and Missis 

sippi. James Jackson, a United States Senator from Georgia, 

and a veritable fire eater in temper, spurred by righteous wrath, 

resigned, returned home in post haste, and, backed by public sen 

timent, succeeded in having the legislative act rescinded. The 

public burning of the official records of this transaction, in the 

grounds of the then Capitol, at Louisville, by fire from Heaven 

sun-glass rays as a vindication of the honor of the State, was the 

crowning thrill of the drama. But the curtain did not drop for 

many years, and the bitter animosities engendered resulted in 

many duels and much bloodshed. 

In 1802, the territory in question was transferred to the 

United States government, and the new states were carved from 

it, but the contract was involved in many respects, among others 

with the treaty rights of the Cherokee Indians to the lands where 

they were being continually more circumscribed by the encroach 

ment of white settlements. Numerous conflicts occurred be 

tween the state and federal governments. The sad story of the 

enforced removal of the enlightened and law-abiding Cherokees, 

by United States troops, in 1838, to the lands that had been chosen 

for them west of the Mississippi, was only equalled in the annals 

of Anglo-Saxon brutality by the Acadian expulsion from Nova 

Scotia nearly a century earlier. But the Cherokees were not the 

only Indians in the country to suffer injustice at the hands of 

the Great White Father.


The Mexican war drew many of Georgia©s sons to the front 

through its call of patriotism and promise of adventure. In fact 

Georgia has been at the front in all of the Nation©s activities, in 

every line of human endeavor. In Congress there have been no 

greater constructive statesmen or more powerful orators, in the 

realm of jurisprudence no more distinguished advocates or judges, 

in the field of diplomacy, in the sciences and arts, in educational 

circles and in the pulpit or lecture forum, no abler or more force 

ful men than .those from the Great Empire State of the South. 

In the lamentable conflict of arms between the Northern and 

Southern States of the Union (1861-1865), Georgia bore a con 

spicuous part. Its fertile lands provided very largely to the sus 

tenance of the Southern armies, and when Sherman broke "the 

back-bone of the Confederacy," as Georgia was called, the war 

was over. Prof. J. T. Derry, in "Georgia: Historical and Indus 

trial," summarizes the story of "the War," and its causes as fol 

lows: 

"This war was the outgrowth of a long struggle for the balance 

of power between the commercial and manufacturing states on 

the one side, and the purely agricultural states on the other, in 

combination with opposing theories as to the real nature of our 

Federal Union. This struggle became manifest in 1820 on the 

application of Missouri for admission into the Union with a con 

stitution allowing slavery, an institution which differentiated the 

opposing groups of states. The opposition to the admission of 

Missouri was not based on moral grounds, but on the idea that it 

gave to the South a preponderance of influence. By the Missouri 

Among the gallant sol 

diers of Georgia in the 

war for independence 

were Elijah Clarke, 

James Jackson, John 

Dooly, Samuel Eloert, 

John Twiggs, Wm. Few 

and Lachlan Mclntosh, 

and among its leading 

statesmen of that time 

were Lyman Hall, But 

ton Gwinnett, George 

Walton, Archibald Bul- 

loch, and Abraham Bald 

win. 

The illustration on 

these pages is of a 

scene at BrunswicTc, 

Wiher e Georgia pine, 

naval stores and cotton 

are transferred from 

railroad trains to ships 

for conveyance across 

the seven seas. Bruns- 

wiclc is still a great 

naval store depot, not- 

ivithstanaing the reduo* 

ed supply of turps from 

Georgia.


Compromise, the dangerous dispute was settled for a time; but 

the acquisition of new territory from Mexico in 1848 re-opened 

the old quarrel, and slavery, now opposed by some on moral 

grounds, but by the great majority for reasons purely political, 

became the occasion of the most stupendous conflict of modern 

times." 

At this writing, in this year of grace, 1916, when all Europe 

is engaged in such a gigantic and bloody strife as almost passes 

human comprehension, Prof. Berry©s superlative seerns mild, and 

by comparison the Civil War of America sinks into insignificant 

littleness, but from the point and time of view of this writing 

there is no question of its having been "the most stupendous." 

Regarding Georgia©s part in the war the Professor continues: 

"In this fierce struggle, for which Georgia furnished ninety-four 

regiments and thirty-six battalions, embracing every arm of the 

service, the blood of her sons was freely poured out on every 

battlefield from Pennsylvania to the Mississippi, and from the 

Ohio to the Gulf, and (if we include the thousands who had emi 

grated to the states west of ©the Father of Waters©), in every im 

portant combat through the bounds of the Trans-Mississippi de 

partment of the Southern Confederacy. On Georgia©s soil were 

fought the great battles of Chickamauga, Resaca, New Hope 

TYPICAL NEGRO CABIN HOME IN THE PINEY WOODS


Church, Kennesaw Mountain, Peachtree Creek, two fierce battles 

at Atlanta, Jonesboro, and numerous smaller engagements and 

skirmishes. Sherman©s march to the sea, when almost the entire 

military force of the State was absent in Virginia or Tennessee, 

scattered ruthless destruction along its path, and the final disas 

trous close of the long-continued war wrecked the hopes and 

fortunes of her people." 

Dark days followed the war in Georgia, as in the entire South; 

but men there were of pluck, energy and perseverance who soon 

wrought the redemption of their state. Theirs are household 

names, and the record of their strength of purpose and wise 

counsel, during the times that tried men©s souls, constitute the most 

precious annals of the people. "They did not yield in base sub 

mission to oppression and wrong," says Prof. Derry, "but main 

taining their rights in every legitimate way, shared at length in 

the final triumph of the whole South, in the courts and Congress 

of the Nation." 

Gradually the inertia that followed the catastrophe was over 

come in spite of tremendous odds and there dawned in earnest a 

new era of home building, of town and city building, and of state 

building. So was born that "Georgia Spirit," which binds all sec- 

RESIDENCE STREET IN OXE OP GEORGIA©S SMALL CITIES

Bowed Down with Ap- 


tions of the State into one progressive and constructive force for < 

a bigger and better future. 

In the meanwhile, however, the huge National wave of emigra 

tion carried hundreds of thousands of Georgians into the Great 

West to help in building new state units. Texas was perhaps the 

greatest gainer by the migration from Georgia. According to the 

Governor of Texas, there were 800,000 Georgians and their de 

scendants in that State in 1915. Their numbers in other states, in 

all occupations of life, would constitute a mighty host. New 

York and Chicago have proved to be strong loadstones to their 

adventurous and ambitious spirits. Wherever he is, however, 

at home or abroad, the true Georgian is a man of mark. No state 

in the Union has been less exposed to the modifying influence of 

foreign immigration, and therefore its people are in the main of 

the purest blood of the American Revolution. 

The New Georgia, lusty, strong and purposeful, is made up of 

the natives, and sons and daughters of natives, of all sections of 

the country, and in her greeting to all comers, she knows no North, 

no South, no East, no West.


HOME OP A GEORGIA FARXI MANAGER 

Advantages in Temperature and 

Climate 

It is not hotter in Georgia in summer than it is in the North 

ern and Western states and Georgia©s summer days are shorter. 

In proof of this, and for the benefit of many living in those sec 

tions, by whom this statement may possibly be questioned, and 

who, without having really investigated the matter, may have held 

the contrary opinion, the accompanying tables are published. 

They were prepared at our request by the United States Weather 

Bureau, from official data. 

These figures show that the average annual highest temperature 

during the last five years was actually lower in Georgia by a frac 

tion of a degree, than in the Northern states. The difference be 

tween the average lowest temperature in Georgia, and that of the 

North, was 35 degrees in favor of this State. There were 50 days 

in Georgia when the maximum average was 90 or above against 

21 days in the North, but the small fraction of a day when the 

highest was 32 or below here, as compared to the 44 days there, 

is a fair offset. 

Secretary of Agriculture 

Houston says: "In point 

of climate and in length 

of growing season, the 

South has a material 

advantage over the rest 

of the nation." 

 

Farm buildings in Geor 

gia do not have to be 

constructed to withstand 

zero weather and bliz 

zards, and with much 

cheaper lumber the cost 

of such buildings is con 

siderably below that of 

the Northern States. 

 

Cattle and hogs can 

graze in the open 365 

days in the year in Cen 

tral and South Georgia 

in luxuriant meadows of 

Alfalfa and Glover, and 

other growing crops, 

and without expense of 

gathering and feeding, 

be made into prime 

meat.

28 


It has been suggested that the reason why Georgia©s climate 

is more equable is that in the South in summer the time between 

sunrise and sunset is so much shorter, and in winter so much 

longer. The records show, for instance, that as between Buffalo, 

N. Y., and Savannah, Ga., which are of about the same longitude, 

the longest day of the year at the former city is six hours and six 

minutes longer than the shortest day, while there is only four 

hours difference between the longest day in Savannah and its 

shortest day. In other words, Buffalo©s long summer day has 

fifty-four minutes more sun than Savannah©s, while Savannah 

has exactly an hour more of sunshine on its short winter day than 

Buffalo. These facts to Georgia©s advantage are not commonly 

known or considered. 

The table clearly shows the greater precipitation in Georgia, 

and its consequent advantage in the raising of many staple crops. 

Fruit orchards in the State derive a decided benefit from the 

greater rainfall. 

The duration of the crop season, shown in the last column, 

indicates the average time between the last killing frost of spring 

and the first in the fall. Two months more of growing season in 

Georgia, is, as the farmer©s cat says, "not to be sneezed at." It 

readily accounts for the two crops a year that are frequently 

grown on the same ground here, and are always possible. 

TABLE I. NORMAL MONTHLY AND ANNUAL MEAN TEMPERATURES 

AT SELECTED STATIONS IN GEORGIA 

Stations: Jan. Feb. Mch. Apr. May 

Athens ....................42.0 44.1 52.3 60.1 69.8 

Atlanta ....................42.7 45.1 52.8 60.7 69.1 

Clayton ................... 40.2 39.9 50.7 56.0 65.5 

Rome ..................... 42.7 44.0 53.5 61.3 69.4 

Augusta .............. .....47.0 50.1 56.4 64.3 72.5 

Columbus ................. 46.5 48.4 59.8 64.9 72.6 

Fitzgerald ................. 49.7 SLO 61.3 64.8 74.6 

Macon ..................... 46.8 48.3 56.9 63.9 72.6 

Millen .....................47-3 48.8 58.5 64.4 73-5 

Americus ..................48.1 50.2 59.1 65.4 74.6 

Bainbridge ................ 42.0 44.1 52.3 60.1 69.8 

Brunswick .................53.2 54.2 61.0 67.4© 75.1 

Savannah .................. Si-3 53-4 61.4 67.2 74.6 

Quitman ................... 51.4 53-8 59-7 66.3 74-O 

June July Aug. Sept. 

76.1 78.3 77-2 72.0 

757 78.6 77-2 72.1 

71.7 74.4 74-6 68.5 

76.2 79.7 78.8 73.1 

78.9 81.7 80.0 74.9 

79.3 81.1 80.8 77.0 

79.7 81.7 81.3 76.9 

78.0 81.2 80.2 75.6 

79.7 81.8 81.0 76.0 

80.6 82.3 81.0 76.5 

76.1 78.3 77-2 72-0 

79.6 82.6 82.2 78.4 

79.9 81.5 80.9 77.6 

79.2 81.7 80.7 76.4 

Oct. Nov. Dec. Annual 

61.5 51.2 43.5 60.5 

61.6 51.8 43.9 60.9 

S7-0 48.4 40.6 57.3 

61.8 51.2 44.2 61.5 

64.3 54.4 47.4 64.3 

66.1 55.7 48-2 65.3 

66-5 57-3 49-8 66.2 

64.5 54.6 46.5 64.1 

65-0 55-3 48.2 65.0 

66.1 56.5 49.5 65.8 

61.5 51.2 43.5 60.5 

70.3 61.7 55.5 68.4 

67.8 59.4 52.2 67.0 

66.9 58.2 51.4 66.6


Meteorological Data at Selected Stations Based on the Averages for 

the s-Year Period, 1910 to 1914 Inclusive. 

Stations 

Georgia Cities. 

Atlanta ........... 

Average ....... 

Northern Cities. 

Des Moines, Iowa.. .105 

Minneapolis, Minn. . IOO 

Springfield, Ills. .104 

Columbus, Ohio . . . .104 

Indianapolis, Ind. . . 103 

Harrisburg, Pa. .too 

Albany, N. Y. ...... .104 

.103 

Difference 

between averages 

V 

IM 

3 

-u rt 

Is 

Sfi 

WH 

. 100 

.104 

.104 

.101 

. IO2.6 

102.8 

. O.2 

CD 

I* 

3 

u 

J_l t-> 

a> V 

u O, 

& a 

JH 

f. 

IS 

IS 

22 

Tt- Q 

-29 

-31 

-18 

- 7 

-16 

-14 

-18 

-19-5 

35-3 

0) P 

>, £ v 

o a o 

3 -2 

.§^ 

. K 0 

£SR 

28 

r o 

5 

55 

47 

80 

536 

37 

14 

42 

24 

26 

15 

9 5 

21-5 

3i.i 

to rt 

rt Q 

3 o 

.©x o 

o ^ 

^;g 52> 

0 

0 

0.4 

50 

79 

36 

33 

36 

27 

44 

50 

44.36 

44-32 

« >> P fe gfe 

rt O 

Q E"u 

"o S ^ 

o-:s 

41 

36 

12 

28.4 

127 

159 

IIO 

in 

no 

97 

129 

126 

82.7 

a 

-4-J 

a o. 

S©o 

B Z 

REPRODUCED FROM MAP PREPARED BY THE WEATHER BUREAU OF 

THE UNITED STATES AGRICULTURAL DEPARTMENT, SHOWING LENGTH 

OF SEASON BETWEEN THE LAST KILLING FROST OF SPRING TO THE 

FIRST OF WINTER IN GEORGIA AS COMPARED WITH OTHER STATES. 

THE AVERAGE LENGTH Of THE CROP-GROWING SEASO^ IN DAYS


Georgia s Educational Facilities 

By M. L. BBITTAHT, State Superintendent of Schools. 

The public school system of Georgia is new, compared with 

that of many other states. By nature the Georgian has pronounced 

individualism and passed with difficulty from the old idea of the 

private school or academy. Beginning with the year 1870, how 

ever, the feeling that education is a public duty has grown more 

strongly each year, and is so well entrenched in popular favor that 

even the old-line politicians who still oppose it at heart, are care 

ful to guard this fact from the public. The State appropriates 

$2,700,000 to the public schools. In addition the cities, towns, 

and thirty-nine counties give more than two million dollars from 

local taxation. In this way many, even of the most remote rural 

districts have supplemented the State appropriation, lengthened 

their school terms from five to nine months, erected excellent 

school buildings, and made it practically impossible to get out of 

reach of an education. 

Within the last ten years the public four-year high schools 

have increased from 4 to 81 and the private and denominational 

GEORGIA SCHOOL OF TECHNOLOGY. ATLANTA


from 4 to 24. Every town, city, and almost every village in the 

State now has at least a three-year high school, and during the 

last ten years something more than three million dollars has been 

spent upon these buildings. An important feature of the State 

high school work is that represented by the eleven district agri 

cultural institutions for the special training of farmers© boys and 

girls. 

In addition to the elementary and secondary facilities men 

tioned, higher education has made rapid progress. The University 

and its branches compose a chain of colleges extending to every 

part of the State. The center is the University at Athens the 

College of Liberal Arts. The State College of Agriculture, in 

the same city, increases the scope of its influence each year 

through its extension work, and is helping the farmers in prac 

tically all the counties. In Atlanta the Georgia School of Tech 

nology is recognized as the foremost institution of its kind in the 

South, and has nearly a thousand students preparing for the 

various positions in the technical and mechanical world. At 

Dahlonega there is another branch of the University doing ex 

cellent work in the mountains, while the Medical College at Au 

gusta is that part of the university system which trains young 

doctors. There are three normal schools for teachers, one for 

BAINBRIDGE HIGH SCHOOL, COST $45,000


North, South and Middle Georgia, at Athens, Valdosta and Mil- 

ledgeville, respectively. 

Besides these activities of the State there are notable educa 

tional institutions under private and denominational auspices. 

Atlanta has recently become a center with the gift of Asa Can- 

dler of $1,000,000 to the Emory University. Plans are already 

.under way to make this the largest and wealthiest Methodist in- 

sitution in the South. In another part of the city the Presby 

terian Church has bought land for the new Oglethorpe Uni 

versity, and one of the buildings is nearly completed. Agnes 

Scott College at Decatur and Cox College at College Park are 

well known colleges for young women. At Macon the Baptists 

have Mercer University for young men, and the Methodists have 

RocTvoille Academy, Put- 

nam County, 11 miles 

east of Eatonton. 

Typical country school, 

showing Boys' Manual 

Training Department 

and Girls' Domestic Sci 

ence work. 

Vocational training is 

gaining rapid headway 

in the public schools of 

Georgia. 

The Georgia School of 

Technology ^ in Atlanta 

has inaugurated night 

classes in winter and 

summer courses are also 

contemplated.

34 


Wesleyan, the oldest in the world for young women. Shorter 

College at Rome, and Brenau at Gainesville, and a half dozezn 

others in different parts of the State attract pupils not only from 

Georgia but from all over the land. 

Georgia lost the greater part of her wealth during the Civil War, 

and naturally had her greatest poverty and illiteracy during the 

dark years of reconstruction following this period. In spite of 

the fact that the white people have had to provide educational 

facilities for the negro as well as for their own race, they have 

shouldered the burden with determination, and few, if any, states 

in the Union have a greater decrease in illiteracy or sounder 

educational progress since 1870. 

Georgia's moral and business influence is unanimously behind 

the stringent laws that went into effect May i, 1916, prohibiting 

the manufacture or sale of zvines, or spirituous or malt liquors, 

within the boundaries of the State. Its lawmakers and law en 

forcers, backed by the solid concensus of public opinion, are de 

termined to free the State entirely from the incubus of intemper 

ance. Georgians are essentially a church-going people, clean 

lived, moral, and law-abiding. 

GRADED SCHOOL, QUITMAN, BROOKS-COUNTY


INDUSTRIAL HIGH SCHOOL, COLUMBUS 

Mineral Resources 

Georgia is rich in mineral resources beyond computation. Its 

geological multi formation accounts for an unusual diversity of 

minerals, which for commercial purposes cover a range not ex 

ceeded by any geographical division of the same area in the 

world. The northern central section of the coastal plain, which 

extends from the coast to what is termed the Fall Line running 

from Augusta through Milledgeville and Macon to Columbus, has 

clay and fine kaolin deposits enough to maintain the combined 

potteries of the world. The Piedmont Plateau which averages 

1200 feet in elevation above the sea, and extends from the Fall 

Line as a belt of a hundred miles or more wide, to the foot hills 

of the Appalachian Mountains, is rich in granite slate, clays and 

mica, with gold and other minerals in workable quantities. The 

northern mountain section, much of which is nearly inaccessable 

and only partly explored, is known to contain varying quantities 

of marble, granite, gold, mica, copper, iron, coal, bauxite, man 

ganese, ocher, asbestos, corundum and talc. Upwards of twenty- 

three different kinds of minerals are now mined in Georgia in 

commercial quantities. Mining operations have thus far barely 

scratched the surface of this great wealth, although the mineral 

products of the State in 1913 were valued at $6,525,792. They 

35 

There are not five Hun 

dred forms in the State 

that have not clay of 

good quality to make 

brick and tile. Out of 

this the intelligent 

farmer can make build 

ing material and tile 

for draining his land. 

 

Opportunities are every 

where to lie found in 

Georgia, for new indus 

tries to use the raw ma 

terials of the mines and 

quarries. 

•$> •$> 

T.he lavishness with 

which nature has be 

stowed her gifts upon 

Georgia is nowhere 

more apparent than in 

the extraordinary va 

riety and range of what 

may lie termed the sec 

ondary mineral re 

sources of this fortunate 

state.


probably reached seven million dollars in 1915, as new mines are 

being constantly discovered and opened, and old ones redeveloped. 

The European War, too, has greatly stimulated the mining of 

mica, bauxite and allied minerals. 

The State of Georgia maintains a Geological Department under 

the State Geologist, Dr. S. W. McCallie, who, with his staff of 

experts, is at the service of all land owners whose properties show 

indications of mineral wealth. The general and specific investi 

gations of the department are continuous, and any one interested, 

by the payment of postage fees, may obtain its bulletins and survey 

reports, or receive the benefit of its accumulated fund of technical 

information concerning the State©s abundant resources. Address, 

STATE GEOLOGIST, Atlanta, Ga. 

Martle 

Marble is one of- the products that have made Georgia famous. 

The marble deposits of the State are so extensive that it has been 

estimated that all the monumental landmarks in the world could 

be reproduced from them without serious diminution. They 

occur in the northwestern corner of the State, through Fannin, 

Gilmer, Pickens and Cherokee counties. One large deposit, more 

than 60 miles long, from two to three miles wide, and from 150 

STONE MOUNTAIN, DEKALB COUNTY—SOLID GRANITE, 686 FEET HIGH


to 200 feet deep, contains not less than five hundred billion cubic 

feet of marble. Quarrying for building purposes began about 

1850 but not until 1884 did the marble industry assume any com 

mercial importance. About that time, when Georgia itself was 

erecting a handsome Capitol building of Indiana sandstone, Geor 

gia marble began to attract attention throughout the country for 

its infinitely superior quality as building material, and for its 

peculiar adaptability to decorative and monumental purposes. 

It is now shipped to nearly every state in the Union, and to 

Canada in annually increasing quantities. 

Wholly or in part, Georgia marbles have been used in the con 

struction of such notable and costly buildings as the Cocoran Art 

Galleries, Washington, D. C.; the State Capitols of Rhode Island, 

Minnesota, Kentucky and Arkansas; the United States Govern 

ment Building in Boston; the New York Stock Exchange; the 

Royal Bank of Canada, in both Montreal and Winnipeg; St. 

Luke©s Hospital, New York; the Illinois State Memorial at Vicks- 

burg; the L. & N. Passenger Station, Louisville, Ky.; and among 

the many buildings in Atlanta, the Candler, Carnegie Library 

and the Terminal Station. 

The durability of Georgia marble has been demonstrated to 

equal or exceed that of any other marble on the world©s markets. 

CLAY BED. DRY BRANCH, TWIGGS COUNTY


It varies in color almost to the degree of riot, ranging from 

nearly pure white, through greys, pinks, yellows and blues, to 

black. A condition peculiar to Georgia marbles is that these 

colors occur in regular formations. 

In actual production of marble, Georgia now ranks next to 

Vermont, of all the states. The value of Georgia©s marble out 

put in 1913 was $1,101,997. 

Granites 

Georgia©s supply of granite rock is also inexhaustible, and it is 

another product for which the State has become particularly 

noted. The value of the output in 1913 was $906,470, which 

item does not include the cost of finishing processes. The entire 

Piedmont region, comprising 61 counties, is included in the gran 

ite field, although it is now quarried in merchantable quantities 

in only ten counties. Of most importance are the Stone Mountain 

and Lithonia areas. The stone from these quarries is mainly 

used for structural purposes, and for roads, curbing and paving. 

Exceptionably beautiful monumental granite is obtained from the 

Oglesby-Lexington area. The chief type of Georgia granite are 

biotite, the common type, muscovite-biotite, and biotite-bearing 

muscovite. Texturally they are even-grained and massive, 

KIMSEY ORB BANK (BROWN IRON ORE), SUGAR HILL, BARTOW COUNTY


poryphritic, and gneissoid, or banded. Twelve tests of the crush 

ing strength of the fine-grained brotite-bearing granite from Stone 

Mountain, ranged from 12,000 to 28,000 pounds per square inch, 

and averaged over 16,000 pounds per square inch. . 

Stone Mountain, in DeKalb county, only a few miles from 

Atlanta, is one of the largest solid granite monoliths in the 

world. It is of impressive interest as a geological phenomenon. 

Contrary to all rules of geology, it rises 686 feet above the sur 

rounding plain, and stands a solid dome-like mass of rock, seven 

miles in circumference. Engineers have estimated that there is in 

this one base at least sixteen billion cubic feet of workable stone. 

A project is now on foot, under the auspices of the United 

Daughters of the Confederacy, to carve in deep bas-relief on the 

nearly perpendicular side of Stone Mountain, a colossal monu 

mental panorama to commemorate the heroic deeds of the Confed 

erate Armies. The opportunity here afforded for a mile or more 

of gigantic sculptured figures of men and horses, fifty or more 

feet in height, with all of the paraphernalia of war, and the sug 

gested solid rock chambers for relics and archives, can nowhere 

be equalled, and challenges imagination. The mountain side, and 

an extensive tract of land on the plain at the base of the moun- 

MANGANESE WASHER, SATTERFIELD MINE, BARTOW COUNTY


tain to provide a National Park, from which to view this sub 

lime achievement, when completed, have already been deeded to 

the organization. 

Bauxite 

The first discovery of bauxite in America was in Floyd county, 

Georgia, in 1887, and later, deposits were found in Polk, Bartow, 

Gordon, Chattooga, Walker and Wilkinson counties. The only 

other states where it is mined are Arkansas and New Mexic . 

Bauxite is used to some extent in the manufacture of fine em 

ery wheels, and in making fire brick, but it is in the main con 

verted into metal aluminum or alum. It is in increasing demand 

by the aluminum refineries of New York and Pennsylvania. The 

ore occurs in large pockets and in beds, and is mined like iron ore. 

Clays 

* 

The combined output of the clays and clay products of Georgia 

in 1913 was $3,017,290.00, and exceeds in value the production 

of any other mineral. Clays are classed as one of the State©s in 

exhaustible resources, and present a great variety, every useful 

kind being found in practically every county. The finest of white 

GEORGIA VITRIFIED BRICK AND CLAY PLANT, HARLEM, COLUMBIA COUNTY


burning kaolin is mined in the central southern section of the 

State, and the entire product is shipped to Northern potteries, 

where it is used for the manufacture of high-grade china, and 

for paper filler. In thickness of beds and in purity, the Georgia 

clays exceed those of any other state. There is no economic rea 

son why potteries should not be successfully operated on a large 

scale in Georgia, and the opportunity invites investment. The 

alluvial and residual clays of the Piedmont and mountain sections 

provide a superior quality of common building brick. 

GoU 

Omitting Spanish traditions, the first record of the discovery 

of gold in Georgia was in White county in 1828, and from that 

time until the sensational discoveries in California, Georgia pro 

duced practically the entire supply of gold for the United States 

So important had the industry become that in 1838 the govern 

ment established a branch mint at Dahlonega, where, up to its 

discontinuance in 1861, there were coined 1,381,784 pieces of 

money, of the value of $6,115,569. The largest annual produc 

tion of gold in the State was in 1843, when it totaled $582,782. 

ENTRANCE TO FOSSIL IRON ORE MINE, ESTELLE, WALKER COUNTY


The total gold yield of the state to date has been approximately 

$17,500,000. Since 1843 tne production has fluctuated from year 

to year, and gradually decreased, due mainly to the exhaustion 

of the old placer mines. Gold occurs throughout the entire sec 

tion of the State, north of the Fall Line. The ore veins vary 

from a few inches to more than twenty feet in thickness, but 

show generally low values, averaging from $6.00 to $15.00 per 

ton. 

Pig Iron and Coke 

The production of pig iron in Georgia in 1913 was estimated 

at 130,000 tons, and is constantly increasing. The latest figures 

of by-product coke ovens output was for 1912, for coke, 13,535 

short tons, valued at $56,580; tar, 668,561 gallons, value $24,337; 

and gas for light and fuel, 475,386,000 cubic feet, valued at 

$528,578. 

Iron 

The iron deposits of the State are of considerable extent 

throughout the northwestern section. The common ores are the 

brown, or limonite, and the fossil, or hermatite ores. Magnitite 

OCHBE DRYING SHED, NEAR CARTEHSVILLE, BARTOW COUNTY


also occurs. There are great possibilities of production, but only 

153,360 tons, to the value of $237,870, were mined in 1913, and 

hardly more either year since. The brown ores are most abun 

dant in Polk, Bartow and Floyd counties, but workable deposits 

are found all through the section. The red or fossil ores are 

confined to Dade, Walker, Chattooga and Catoosa counties. The 

outcroppings of the beds extend for 175 miles, and in many places 

the ore can be economically mined to a depth of several hundred 

feet. 

Asbestos 

Practically all the asbestos found in the United States has been 

in Georgia, only one other state having shown a deposit. It is 

confined chiefly to the Piedmont Plateau, and is used for elec 

trical insulation, steam pipe and boiler coverings, fire-proof paints, 

and for fireproofing building girders, plaster partitions, etc. The 

finer varieties are spun and woven into fireproof cloth. 

Coal 

The coal measures of Georgia are confined to Sand, Lookout 

and Pigeon Mountains, in Dade, Walker and Chattooga counties. 

YONAH PLACER GOLD MINE, WHITE COUNTY

44 


and cover an area of approximately 170 square miles. They 

form an extension of the Alabama fields. The coal is of a high 

heating value and used for steam and cooking purposes. Only 

255,626 tons were mined in 1913. Engineers estimate an avail 

able supply of 920,000,000 tons. At the present state of mining 

this would last at least 1500 years, and warm the toes of many 

generations of Georgians. 

J^Liscellaneous 

Barytes, or heavy spar are mined in Bartow and Murray coun 

ties. 

Cements, both natural and Portland, are made in large quan 

tities in the State, from the limestones and shales so aboundant 

throughout the northwestern section. .The largest cement plant 

in the South is located at Rockmart in Polk county. Limestones 

for building construction and road making are abundant in the 

northern section. The most important variety is the Knox Dolo 

mite, from which is produced practically all the lime used in the 

State. 

A particularly fine quality of Georgia slate is on the market, 

BULL SLUICE POWER HOUSE AND DAM, CHATTAHOOCHEE RIVER, FULTON COUNTY

FACTS ABOUT GEORGIA- 

the Polk county slate of a dark blue to black, and the Bartow 

county slate, of a greenish color. 

Talc and soapstone have been found in a number of localities. 

Several copper mines are operated in the extreme northern 

part of the State, and copper also occurs in a wider range. 

All varieties of corundum have been found in Georgia with 

the exception of emery. The chief output is from a mine in 

Rabuh county. 

Quantities of Fullers Earth 

Extensive deposits of Fuller©s earth occur in Decatur, Bibb 

Twiggs, Columbia and other counties near the fall line. Georgia 

stands third in the production of Fuller©s earth, Arkansas and 

Florida only exceeding it. The main use of this clay-like sub 

stance is in decolorizing and clarifying oils and fats. 

Marls of good quality are found in South Georgia and on ac 

count of the phosphoric acid and potash contained, they provide 

a satisfactory natural fertilizer. Graphite is mined extensively 

in Bartow county and is found in a number of other counties. 

Manganese is found in the same section as the brown iron ores, 

and a number of productive deposits have been worked contin- 

CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL LABORATORY, TUBMAN HIGH SCHOOL, AUGUSTA

Augusta's Plaza—A civic 

center combining archi 

tectural beauty with 

practical business con 

venience and comfort. 

Augusta has become a 

mecca for winter visit 

ors from the North. 

46 FACTS ABOUT GEORGIA 

uoqsly for many years. It was formerly shipped to England, but 

now finds a ready market with American steel manufacturers. 

Mica is widely distribued throughout the Piedmont Plateau, 

and has a considerable production. 

The ocher mines of Georgia produce nearly half the ocher out 

put of the United States. These mines are all in Bartow county, 

near Cartersville, and the deposits are confined to a narrow belt 

about eight miles long and less than two miles wide. It finds its 

principal market in England and Scotland where it is used in 

the manufacture of linoleums and -oilcloths. A deposit of ser- 

petine occurs in Cherokee county, and is used for interior dec 

orations, stairways, mantels, and statuary pedestals. 

CR.oad-Making Material 

Tripoli, used largely for making scouring soaps and polishing 

powders is found in several localities in Murray, Whitfield and 

Chattooga counties. Sand and gravel are both widely distributed 

throughout the entire State, and all varieties of stone used in 

modern highway construction occur in large quantities in many 

sections. No state in the union possesses a greater variety of 

road-making material than the State of Georgia. Even precious 

stones are found in variety in the State. No systematic mining 

for gems has been undertaken, but accidental finds from time to 

time include diamonds, rubies, amethysts, rose quartz, rutilated 

quartz, smoky quartz, agates, jaspers, opals, beryls, garnets, 

rutiles and moonstones.


Forest Resources of Georgia 

BY ROLAND M. HARPER, Ph. D. 

About 60 per cent, of the area of Georgia is still wooded, and 

although much of the forest has been severely culled, it will 

probably average 5,000 feet (board measure) per acre at the 

present time, making the total stand of timber about one hundred 

and fifteen billion feet. In 1913 the U. S. Bureau of Corpora 

tions, in the course of a searching investigation of the lumber 

industry of the United States, reported 11,130,000 acres owned 

or leased by lumbermen in Georgia (outside of 19 mountain 

counties with a combined area of 5602 square miles, or nearly 

one-tenth of the State), with the following stand of merchantable 

timber, in billion feet: Long-leaf pine (doubtless including slash 

pine also), 18.5, short-leaf pine (two species, and probably also 

bastard pine and spruce pine), 13.2, cypress (two species), 2.8, 

and hardwoods, 11.5. This does not include small and worthless 

timber, and a considerable area of wood lots, etc., on farms. 

Leaving the mountains out of the estimate excludes all the white 

pine and hemlock in Georgia, but takes in all the cypress, all the 

long-leaf pine except that in Floyd county, and about three- 

fourths of the short-leaf pine and half the hardwood. If the 

average lifetime of a tree in Georgia is 100 years, the annual 

yield of timber would be 2 per cent, of the total stand, or slightly 

over two billion feet. 

According to the last government census, there were in this 

State in 1910, 2,083 active sawmills, which cut during the preced- 

Augusta is an important 

cotton market, a center 

of textile industry, and 

perhaps the only city in 

the South owning a 

large water power de 

velopment.

Dr. Harper, who has 

a more intimate knowl 

edge of the woods and 

fields of Georgia than 

any other man in or out 

of the State, points out 

that the fears of the con- 

servationists have been 

exaggerated and that 

our timber is not disap 

pearing as fast as some 

people have imagined. 

•$> 

Less than twenty-five 

per cent, of the lumber 

produced in Georgia re 

ceives any further indus 

trial handling in the 

state. 

® 

Georgia has been too 

generally content with 

shipping crude materials 

and primary products, 

and too ready to accept 

from, other states the 

things which it might 

better produce at home. 


POND CYPRESS IN 20-MILE CREEK, COFFEE COUNTY 

ing year 1,342,249,000 feet of lumber, valued at $17,100,776.00 

This amount was exceeded by only 14 other states, and four of 

those are considerably larger than Georgia. Adding to this the 

large amounts cut for crossties, poles, posts, fuel and miscella 

neous purposes, and wasted in clearing land, logging, turpentin 

ing and otherwise, it is evident that some kinds of wood,«at least, 

are being cut faster than they are reproducing themselves. But 

the exhaustion of our forests, and particularly of our most 

abundant and important tree, the long-leaf yellow pine (often 

called Georgia pine) is not coming as soon as some have pre 

dicted. 

It will be interesting to quote one or two of the gloomiest 

predictions that have been made on this point. In September, 

1899, the following item appeared in The Forester, a magazine 

published in Washington, D. C, (now called American Forestry) : 

"The timber supply of Georgia has been estimated by lumbermen 

of that State as sufficient to last only nine years at the present 

rate of sawing, 2,600,000 feet daily. The timber resources of the 

state at present are placed at one and a half million acres, calcu 

lated to saw three thousand feet to the acre." This was probably 

taken from some lumber journal, and doubtless applies to long- 

leaf pine only; but the amount of that timber in Georgia even


now, seven or eight years after the time set for its exhaustion, is 

greater than the 1899 estimate just given, and almost as much as 

was estimated by the government census in 1880! 

In 1904 the writer clipped from a Massachusetts weekly paper 

a stereotyped article containing a cut of a solitary long-leaf pine 

in Houston county, Georgia, with the statement that that species 

"is now seen only in a few large tracts remote from the rail 

roads." But if the author of that article had gone a hundred miles 

farther south he would have found the same tree the prevailing 

timber on thousands of square miles. 

The increasing use of coal, iron, concrete, corrugated paste 

board, etc., as substitutes for wood has upset some of the calcu 

lations of the conservationists and "calamity howlers," and be- 

POND CYPRESS, IN SHALLOW DRIED-UP POND, LOWNDES COUNTY 

There is enough cypress 

in Georgia to make shin 

gles to cover every house 

in New York City, with 

enough lumber left to 

manufacture a million 

barrels of 55 gallons 

capacity each. 

«> 

There are wonderful op 

portunities for the paper 

industry in Georgia, tut 

great industries do not 

spring from opportuni 

ties without individual 

initiative.

The young hickory trees 

in the mountains of 

North Georgia are ideal 

for making buggies, 

wagons, farm imple 

ments, all Kinds of tool 

handles and the supply 

is almost inexhaustible. 

One small factory in the 

mountains is making 

saddletrees for a large 

trade in the United 

States, and is shipping 

to three foreign coun 

tries. 

Georgia long has been 

a leader in the turpen 

tine industry. The value 

of the spirits of turpen 

tine and rosin produced 

in 1909 was seven mil 

lion dollars, which was 

a million less than in 

1899. 


VIRGIN FOEEST, WESTERN SLOPE, FORT MOUNTAIN, MURRAY COUNTY 

sides, the forests reproduce themselves faster than some who 

have observed the devastation along the main highways of travel 

have imagined. The fact that the manufacturers of long-leaf 

pine and cypress lumber have begun in the last few years to 

advertise their products extensively in newspapers and magazines 

seems to indicate that the supply now tends to exceed the demand, 

and there is no immediate danger of a timber famine. Our 

forests will continue to be an important asset until that distant 

day when all the land is occupied by fields and buildings. 

The statistics for lumber cut in Georgia in 19x19 have been 

given above. In the same year the State produced $101,558 worth 

of laths, $921,271 worth of shingles, $6,929,000 worth of naval 

stores, $138,036 worth of tanbark and tanning extract, and large 

quantities of cooperage stock, veneering, crossties, poles, posts, 

fence-rails, baskets, firewood, etc. The $101,888 worth of honey 

and beeswax reported from Georgia in that year came partly 

from cultivated plants and weeds, such as cotton and clover, but 

probably mostly from the forests. Other minor forest products, 

for which no statistics are obtainable, are maple syrup, fruits, 

nuts, holly branches and other evergreen decorations, shade trees, 

medicines and dyes. 

The forests vary greatly in composition and density in different 

parts of the State; and for prospective investors who are not 

familiar with conditions in Georgia the following brief geograph 

ical sketch will be of interest. 

The sandstone and chert ridges and broad fertile valleys of 

Northwest Georgia were originally covered with short-leaf pines


and a great variety of hardwoods, but the valleys are now mostly 

under cultivation. 

The high rugged mountain region of Northeast Georgia con 

tains most of the same trees as Northwest Georgia, and white 

pine and hemlock in -addition. Owing principally to the broken 

topography, the forests are more nearly in a primeval condition 

than in any other equal area in the State. 

Middle Georgia, the Piedmont region, is moderately hilly, with 

red clayey soils derived from granite and gneiss. It was originally 

wooded with short-leaf pines, oaks, hickories, etc., and some long- 

leaf pine in the western part, but the forests are now mostly 

confined to slopes too steep or rocky for profitable cultivation. 

Three-fifths of the State, from Augusta, Milledgeville, Macon 

and Columbus southward, known as South Georgia, belongs to 

the coastal plain. At the inner or upper edge of this division 

there is a narrow belt of sand-hills, characterized by long-leaf 

pine, black-jack oak, and other trees that thrive in poor soils. 

South of that is a wider belt of fertile red hills, somewhat similar 

in aspect to Middle Georgia, but with quite a number of trees 

that are confined to the coastal plain or nearly so, such as black 

and spruce pine, cypress, and magnolia. 

Between these red hills and the coast is the long-leaf pine 

region proper, or wiregrass country. At its inland edge, particu 

larly along the Flint River, is the lime-sink region, with more 

ponds than streams. The middle portion is more hilly, with run- 

CABBAGE PALMETTO IN PINE FLATS, GLYNN COUNTY 

One small town in Mid 

dle Georgia makes buggy 

bodies for three buggy 

factories in Ohio, two in 

Indiana, and sends more 

than two thousand 

bodies abroad each year. 

The poplar that goes 

into these buggy bodies 

is from Georgia forests, 

where there are still 

standing many thous 

ands of acres of this 

valuable timber. 

 

By new methods of con 

trolled distillation tur 

pentine and rosin may 

b e extracted from 

stumps and light wood, 

by processes that per 

mit the manufacture of 

paper from the extract 

ed chips. Naval stores 

industry will boom.

Georgia has a bird popu 

lation of about seventy- 

five million, all the year 

round. About seventy 

per cent, of them are in 

sectivorous, and all of 

them eat insects at some 

time of the year. 

It is estimated that the 

above bird population 

eats daily an average of 

sixty thousand bushels 

of insects. 

In Maine or California, 

you may be sitting in a 

Georgia ch»ir, as chairs 

made from native woods 

are shipped from one 

factory in Dalton to 

nearly every state in 

the Union, to the value 

of over -$200,000 an 

nually. 


ning water on every square mile, and the country within fifty 

miles of the coast and around Okefinokee Swamp is essentially 

flat. Throughout the long-leaf pine region lumbering and turpen 

tining were more important than agriculture until near .the end 

of the nineteenth century. The islands along the coast and a 

belt of rich soil along the Southern border of the State have more 

hardwoods than long-leaf pine. 

The forty commonest trees in Georgia at the present time, 

arranged as nearly as possible in order of abundance, with 

approximate percentage, common and technical names, and gen 

eral distribution of each, are listed below. The accuracy of the 

VIRGIN FOREST OF LONG LEAF PINE, SUMTER COUNTY


HEMLOCK TAN-BARK, NO. SIDE OF FORT MOUNTAIN, MURRAY COUNTY 

percentage figures can not be guaranteed, but they are based on 

personal observations in about 125 counties, and are much better 

than none at all. The technical names are inserted because some 

times two or more species have the same common name. 

13% Long-leaf pine (Pinus palustris). Abundant within 150 miles 

of the coast, and extending inland to Augusta, Macon and Rome. 

10% Sh^>rt-leaf, loblolly or old-field pine (Pinus Taeda). Common 

except in Northeast Georgia. 

8% Short-leaf pine (Pinus echinata). Common in northern half, 

rarer southeastward. 

5% Red oak (Quercus falcata). Distribution similar to the pre 

ceding. 

4% Sweet gum (Liquidambar Styraciflua). Common throughout. 

3% Pond cypress (Taxodium imbricariurn). Mostly in southeastern 

third. Abundant in Okefinokee Swamp. 

3% Slash pine (Pinus Elliottii). Long-leaf pine region and sea 

islands. 

3% Poplar (Liriodendron Tulipifera). Common, especially north 

ward. 

2% (River) cypress (Taxodium distichum). Along creeks and 

rivers in the coastal plain. 

^ 2% White oak (Quercus alba). Common, especially northward. 

2% Beech (Fagus grandifolia). Common outside of long-leaf pine 

region. 

2% Black-jack oak (Quercus Marylandica). Common, especially in 

Middle Georgia. 

2% Water oak (Quercus nigra). Common except in mountains. 

2% (Red) maple (Acer rubrum). In swamps and along streams 

throughout. 

2% Dogwood (Cornus florida). In dry woods, throughout. 

2% Post oak (Quercus stellata). Mostly in northern half. 

2% Willow (Salix nigra). Along streams of all sizes. 

2% White pine (Pinus Strobus). Mountains of Northeast Georgia. 

2% Black-jack or turkey oak (Quercus Catesbaei). Sandy soils, 

mostly in southern half. 

2% Bay (Magnolia glauca). Swamps, mostly in coastal plain. 

2% Sycamore (Platanus occidentalis). Along streams, outside of 

the long-leaf pine region. 

2% Black pine (Pinus serotina). Sandy swamps in coastal plain. 

2% Bastard pine (Pinus Virginiana). Rocky hills in northern 

quarter. 

Georgia has some of the 

'best game preserves in 

the United States and 

game WreJs are plenti 

ful. 

 

With the present laws 

enforced, an abundance 

of game is assured. 

On one acre of Georgia 

soil enough black wal 

nut can lie grown to 

manufacture more than 

a hundred gram.d pianos. 

Georgia occupies a 

strategic position as re 

gards the world's mar 

kets, commanding the 

West Indies and Cen 

tral and South America, 

towards which American 

trade is growing with 

special rapidity.

Georgia-made farm im 

plements, the wood of 

which is native yellow 

pine and mountain oak, 

are used in Illinois and 

Indiana. Six carloads 

were shipped to those 

states in one month in 

1915 from Tifton, which 

also ships implements 

and tool handles to all 

parts of the South. 

Scientists have recently 

demonstrated that twen 

ty gallons of OS per 

cent, ethyl alcohol may 

be obtained from a cord 

of yellow pine sawdust, 

or hogged waste. What 

a chance in Georgia for 

producing a cheap in 

dustrial alcohol for mo 

tors, fuel, lighting, heat 

ing and the miscellane 

ous arts f 

54 


DENSE GROWTH OF SLASH PINE IN OKEFINOKEE SWAMP 

2% Black gum (Nyssa biflora). Swamps and ponds in coastal plain. 

i% Chestnut (Castanea dentata). Mostly in mountains. * 

i% Cedar (Juniperus Virginiana). Commonest in Northwest Geor 

gia. 

i% Hickory (Hicoria alba). Rich uplands, mostly in northern half. 

i% Black gum (Nyssa sylvatica). Mostly in northern half. 

i% Birch (Betula nigra). Along creeks and rivers. 

i% (Pignut) hickory (Hicoria glabra). Widely distributed. 

i% Persimmon (Diospyros Virginiana). Old fields mostly. 

i% Magnolia (Magnolia grandiflora). Hammocks in coastal plain. 

i% Spanish oak (Quercus coccinea). Dry wot>ds, northward. 

i% Spruce pine (Pinus glabra). Hammocks in coastal plain. 

i% Black oak (Quercus velutina). Mostly in northern half. 

i% Turkey oak (Quercus cinerea). Long-leaf pine forests. 

i% Chestnut oak (Quercus Prinus). Mostly in mountains. 

i% Tupelo gum (Nyssa uniflora). Swamps, mostly in coastal plain. 

i% Swamp chestnut oak (Quercus Michauxii). Mostly in southern 

half. 

i% Water oak (Quercus laurifolia). Cgastal plain hammocks. 

There are about loo other trees in the State, making less than 

i per cent. each. Georgia probably has more different species of 

trees than any other State in the Union except Florida. (Even 

Texas and California, with their much larger area and more 

diversified climates, do not surpass it in this respect). 

The pines make up about 40 per cent, of our forests, other ever 

greens 6 per cent, and oaks 20 per cent. All our trees grow also 

in one or more of the adjoining states, with one exception, the 

Georgia oak, which is confined to a few counties in Middle 

Georgia.


Altitudes, Population and Farm 

Ownership 

Within the borders of the State of Georgia are nine recognized 

zones of temperature, corresponding to the varying levels from 

.the sea to the 4,728 foot tip of its highest mountain. Over half 

of the State is in the coastal plain, with an altitude of 5 feet 

or less. North of this is the so-called Piedmont Plateau, a belt 

of a hundred miles or so wide, with altitudes from 350 to 1,200 

feet. In the northern section are the real mountains, with their 

GOOD COUNTRY ROAD, DEKALB COUNTY 

The thriving city of 

Fitzgerald, in Middle 

South Georgia, now of 

10,000 population, is 

unique in that it was 

founded in the piney 

woods in 1895 by a col 

ony of Federal soldiers 

and their families, froM 

the North, under the 

leadership of P. H. Fitz 

gerald, of Indianapolis. 

Inspired by memories of 

the balmy air and sun 

shine, and the bounti 

ful crops of Georgia dur 

ing their hasty march to 

the sea with General 

Sherman, they planned 

and built the new city 

on ideal lines, and 

there, amid the bustle 

of commerce, many 

comrades of the blue 

and gray, in vigorous 

old age, are daily fra 

ternizing.

Among the foothills of 

North Georgia, in Hao- 

erstiam County, in what 

is known, as Y on all 

Land, along the main 

line of the Southern 

Railway, near Baldwin 

and Alto, there is a com 

munity of Northern 

families, who have 

found the homes of 

their dreams. They 

are peach enthusiasts, 

among other things, and 

having spent their ear 

lier lives in commercial 

and professional pur 

suits in New York, Chi 

cago, Winnepeg, Toron 

to, or London, now de 

rive Sotft. pleasure ana 

profit from growing the 

fruit of fruits in Geor 

gia. Ideal homes are 

theirs—the social life of 

country and golf club, 

the comradeship o f 

friends and associates, 

with all the outdoor 

freedom and health most 

desired by city folks. 


GOOD COUNTRY ROAD, TIFT COUNTY 

rich limestone valleys and wooded peaks and ridges. The coast, 

as the proverbial crow might fly, extends for about a hundred 

miles, but in straight lines, touching a-mile-apart points of the 

main land, it is 160 miles. Numerous islands, tropically luxuriant 

in vegetation, provide a labyrinth of facinating waterways, and 

bays and harbors abound. Savannah, Brunswick and St. Marys 

are the chief ports. 

Fish and Game in Okefinokee 

Of the State©s 59,475 square miles of area, only 540 are what 

can be termed "under water." The historic Okefinokee Swamp, 

in the southeast corner of the State, where the St. Marys and the 

song-famed Suwanee rivers have their source, one flowing into, 

the Atlantic and the other into the Gulf of Mexico, thereby 

making an island, as it were, of the State of Florida, accounts 

for nearly all this submerged area. In this vast marsh are several 

lakes and fair sized islands, and considerable timber of various 

kinds, which is being cut and marketed by the lumber company 

that owns it. As the swamp is generally from 112 to 125 feet 

above the sea level and not far from the coast, the present genera-


tion will probably see it scientifically drained and cultivated. Its 

agricultural potentialities are inconceivably enormous. 

Of Georgia©s 2,609,121 population, as given by the 1910 census, 

2,070,471 was rural and only 538,650 urban. Forty-six per cent, 

were negroes. At the same rate of increase as during the pre 

vious ten years, 17.7 per cent. the population would now be 

2,840,028. The increase of whites in the decade referred to was 

21.2 and of negroes 13.7. There are 52 counties in the State, 

which contain cities and towns as follows: 200,000 population, I; 

over 50,000, i; over 25,000, 2; over 10,000, 5; over 5,000, 14; over 

2,500, 22; under 2,500, 516. Of the 1,431,802 white inhabitants 

in 1910 there were only 15,072 who had been born in foreign 

countries, and 25,672 who had one or both parents born abroad. 

Of the native whites 229,295 were born in other states than 


Georgians A11 Over Country 

Since "the war," by which term the civil conflict of the sixties 

is generally referred to, there have been comparatively few 

Georgia incomers, but many outgoers. Through the seventies 

and eighties and even later, hardly a family in the State escaped 

more or less depletion by migration to the West, following the 

NINETY-FOOT DAM OF GA. BY. & POWER CO.. TALULAH VAUJS, BABUN COUNTY.

There are more motor 

cars owned in Georgia 

than in any other South 

ern State. 


many losses by death in the war, which had also impoverished 

the country. The task of rebuilding was made harder by political 

conditions "and bitter memories. Many family remnants pulled 

up stakes and found new homes in newer lands. A natural spirit 

of restlessness prevailed. Young people failed to see, or seeing, 

failed to realize, the wealth of opportunities all about them in 

Georgia, but sought the pots of gold at the foot of the alluring 

Western rainbows, or in the busy marts of Northern cities. Like 

the thirsting mariners of that often-told story, who, begging for 

water of a passing ship, were not aware that they were in the 

fresh, out-flowing stream of the Amazon, and had but to dip it 

up to be satisfied, they abandoned their rich home heritage. But 

many of them are now coming back. 

Poem that Brought Them Back 

Frank L. Stanton, Georgia©s own poet and sweet song singer, 

tells how, a short time after the appearance in the "Constitution," 

of his poem entitled, "Where©s the Georgia Train," he was 

accosted in his office by a robust six-footer, who, with assumed 

ferocity accused him of bringing about a heap of trouble. "I was 

doing well in Texas," said the stranger, "when one day my wife 

saw that * * * poem of yours, and I couldn©t stand her 

tears and entreaties, so had to sell out and move back to old 

, GRAVEL ROAD NEAR .AUGUSTA,. RICHMOND COUNTY


Georgia." One of the stanzas of the poem that brought that 

prodigal family home is as follows: 

She said "I know these Texas skies are mighty blue and bright; 

There's lots o' joy by day time, an' rosy dreams at night; 

But I'm thinkin' of my Georgia home—each dear loved hill and 

plain, 

An' all I'm wantin for to know is—Where's the Georgia train?" 

The actual agricultural population of Georgia by the 1910 

census was 1,784,668. The total area of the State is 37,584,000 

acres. Only 12,298,017 of these acres were "improved." or under 

cultivation. Allowing five million acres for pasturage, and ten 

million for forests and mineral claims, there are 10,285,883 un 

used arable acres, available for farming. All this in addition 

to the very large percentage of so-called "improved" lands that 

are not really cultivated, and the opportunity for more intensive 

cultivation of the lands already under the plow. Divided into 

80 acre tracts, the ten million and odd unused lands would pro 

vide for 128,571 new farmers. The average value of farm lands 

in the State was $13.74 per acre. The average net return from 

the cultivated land was $19.08 an acre. The total number of 

farms in 1910 was 291,027, an increase of 138,626 since 1880. 

Of these, 100,047 were operated by owners and 190,180 by 

tenants. Of tenants there are enough. 

In 1880 there had been 76,451 ownership farms and 62,175 

MACADAMIZED ROAD NEAK SAVANNAH, CHATHAM COUNTY 

Links in the new Dixie 

Highway are being rap 

idly closed up in Geor 

gia.

6o FACTS ABOUT GEORGIA 

tenant farms. The average size of the Georgia farms had de 

creased continuously from 440.9 acres in 1850 to 92.6 acres in 

1910. Many of the old baronial plantations have been sub 

divided and sold or rented hence the rapid reduction in the 

average size of the "farms." There are still quite a few of the 

big plantation units left; some operated by their owners, who, 

by modern methods, by the use of power tractors, gang plows 

and two-horse cultivators, and by rotation and diversification of 

crops, are being richly rewarded for their labors. They are 

proving beyond question, too, the splendid opportunities for 

thrifty farmers in Georgia. 

There died in this State in December, 1915, a man, who from 

his lands had accumulated a fortune estimated at four million 

dollars. He had started with only the proverbial shoe string. He 

had had no grub stake no property inheritance. His was said 

to be the largest cultivated farm in the State. A few years ago 

his cotton crop, sold in one lot, brought him a check for $160,000. 

He employed an army of negroes, ruled his domain like a feudal 

king, raised cattle and hogs, fruits, hay and grain, and vegetables 

by the train load, and used science and common sense to attain 

the one desired end. As an example of what can be done with 

Georgia soil his life©s work was truly worthy. 

PEACHTREE HOAD (ASPHALT MACADAM) NEAR ATLANTA


Finance, Banks and Taxation 

Georgia's Splendid Credit in Financial Circles 

There is no state in the Union whose credit ranks higher than 

that of Georgia. With total property values as returned for 

taxation approximately one billion dollars, the State©s outstanding 

bonded debt is only $6,530,000, back of which as an asset is also 

the Western & Atlantic Railroad, 138 miles long, owned wholly 

by the State, and variously estimated to be worth from twelve to 

twenty million dollars, without a dollar of encumbrance. The 

railroad now brings the State an annual rental of $420,012, which 

will be considerably increased under a new lease soon to be made. 

This valuable railroad was built by the State in 1836, between 

Cartersville and Atlanta (then called "Terminus"). It was 

operated for some years at a heavy loss, and at one time was 

offered for sale at a ridiculously low figure, but as no purchaser 

could be found, the legislators boldly decided to issue more bonds 

and complete the road to the State line and to Chattanooga, Tenn. 

The wisdom of this action was soon demonstrated. 

Georgia was engaged in banking as well as railroading in the 

early days, and operated the Central Bank at Miledgeville, then 

MACON-PEREY PUBLIC ROAD (SAND CLAY) NEAR MACON, BIBB COUNTY


the capital. The failure of this institution in 1840 caused a big 

public scandal, and, together with the railroad construction, was 

responsible for the State debt, which at one time amounted to 

nearly ten million dollars. The depositors lost nothing by the 

failure as the State made good. Georgia has faithfully kept its 

constitutional pledge to the annual reduction of the bonded debt, 

and the income from .the railroad property more than covers 

these payments, besides the 50 per cent, of it that goes annually 

to the school fund. 

Under the State constitution of 1877, provision was made by 

the creation of a sinking fund, to reduce this bonded indebtedness 

at the rate of $100,000 a year. About three and one-half million 

of these bonds matured in 1915, and a refunding issue, of serial 

bonds, at 4 l/2 per cent, found a purchaser among Georgia©s own 

citizens, at a premium of $17.82 on each $1,000. No better 

demonstration than this could be had of the State©s splendid credit 

and the patriotic resourcefulness of its people. 

It is not generally known that in the thirties of the last century, 

the country was so rich that the Federal Government, finding in 

its treasury some $28,000,000 that it did not know what else to 

do with, divided the amount pro rata among the states. New 

York is reported to have put her allotment into loans on New 

ROAD VIEW NEAR ALBANY


York City real estate, and multiplied it many fold. Wisconsin 

divided her share among the taxpayers. What other states did 

with theirs deponent knoweth not, but Georgia©s one million and 

odd dollars of the big Federal dividend went into the State Bank 

to be loaned on farm lands, and disappeared in the cavernous maw 

of insolvency. 

The credit of Georgia©s counties is maintained on an equally 

sound basis, the State constitution prohibiting the issuance of 

bonds above seven per cent, of the taxable values, while strict 

laws regarding bond validations afford still further protection to 

the investor. 

Georgia©s banks, conservative in management and successful 

in operation, have always been characterized by a liberal policy 

toward agricultural and industrial enterprises, and the man who 

maintains a good credit has no trouble in financing his efforts. 

As an illustration of this, when the European war temporarily 

tied up cotton shipments, it was the Georgia banks that carried 

the Georgia farmer and merchant through the crisis. A quarter 

of a century ago State banks were few and far between; now 

there are 700 of them and 114 National banks, an average of 

more than five to each county. 

The following table, compiled from the records of State Treas- 

SHELL ROAD NEAR BRUNSWICK. GLYNN COUNTY

Like a young giant 

feeling Ms muscles for 

the first time, and mar 

veling at their strength, 

Georgia today, is begin 

ning to take account of 

its wealth. It has always 

'been known that Geor 

gia was a land of riches, 

but just How rich it was 

no one has bothered to 

find out. Now that other 

states and countries are 

put to the test of their 

industrial adaptability 

and natural resources, 

Georgia, too, is examin 

ing the foundations of 

its power, and Georgia 

marvels at the variety 

of nature within her 

borders, and the va 

riety of opportunity and 

occupation. The world 

is cordially invited to 

come and take part in 

developing the State's 

resources. 


urer and Bank Examiner Wm. J. Speer, shows the standing of 

the 700 State banks September 21, 1915, as compared with the 

end of 1913 and 1914. The effect of the depression caused by 

the war, and the subsequent rapid recovery, is apparent: 

RESOURCES. 

Loans and Discounts . . . 

Bonds and Stocks ...... 

Banks© Furn., Fixtures.. 

Other Real Estate ..... 

Cash and Cash Items.. 

Total ............ $149,614,897.14 

LIABILITIES. 

Surplus & Net Profits .. 

Due To Banks ......... 

Unpaid Dividends ...... 

Bills Payable .......... 

Other Liabilities ....... 

Dec., 1913. 

$ 98,348,400.11 

1,145,916.16 

6,360,692.37 

7,033,662.74 

Included in above. 

23,595,223.16 

12,418,139.19 

712,863.41 

Dec., 1913. 

$ 28,895,513.67 

16,514,360.65 

7,491,153-68 

47,386.72 

91,441,535.27 

4,881,771-37 

413,175.78 

Total ............ $149,614,897.14 

Dec., 1914. 

$106,078,901.06 

1,777,387.76 

6,006,454.68 

5,618,451.94 

i,897,733-04 

13,837,504-63 

6,442,397.46 

737,894.57 

$142,396,725-14 $140,809,931.88 

Dec., 1914. 

$ 29,077,067.65 

16,691,555.74 

3,881,615.47 

27,008.05 

71,066,043.54 

20,964,098.80 

689,335.90 

Sept., 21, 1915. 

$105,854,815.48 

1,672,898.30 

7,326,304.28 

5,721,315.08 

2,211,423.95 

17,239,057-33 

7,467,920.33 

1,316,196.13 

Sept., 21, 1915. 

$ 28,467,061.67 

16,947,864.77 

5,469,673-26 

17,016.09 

77,859,662.82 

19,321,081.62 

727,571.65 

$142,396,725.14 $148,809,931.88 

One of the twelve Federal Reserve or "regional" banks estab 

lished under the recent currency law is located in Atlanta. It 

BLUB RIDGE MARBLE WORKS, NELSON. PICKINS COUNTY


FARM HOME OF COMMISSIONER J. D. PEICE, OCONEE COUNTY 

was opened November r, 1914, to serve the territory of the sixth 

reserve district, including Georgia, Alabama, Florida, and parts 

of Louisiana, Mississippi and Tennessee. It has already proven 

of inestimable value to this section, in giving a more elastic cur 

rency, helping the local banks at the season when a great deal of 

money is needed for the cotton crops, and making it generally 

easier to obtain money for legitimate purposes. . The Atlanta 

Federal Reserve Bank is headed by Hon. Joseph McCord, as 

governor. Its weekly statement at the close of business on 

December. 30, showed total resources of $19,259.711. 

Tax Rates are Low in Georgia 

Georgia©s tax rate is limited by the constitution of the State to 

a maximum of five mills, or five dollars on each $1,000 of prop 

erty returned. The average rate of taxation in the counties of 

the State is eight mills, or $8.00 on each $1,000. These rates will 

compare favorably with those of any state in the Union, and are 

less than prevail in many of them. Property generally is taxed 

on a basis of approximately 60 per cent, of its market value. 

Georgia©s municipal tax rates are, comparatively speaking, below 

the average in most other states. 

As the result of a new tax equalization law which went into 

effect in Georgia in 1914, taxable values were increased by about 

eighty million dollars, enabling the state tax commission to reduce 

the State tax from five to four and one-half dollars on each 

$1,000. In 1915 this was $4.80. The total taxable values as 

returned to the State in 1915 were $951,763.572. State Tax 

While the corn produc 

tion of Georgia amount 

ed to sixty-four million 

bushels in 1915, it was 

necessary to import a 

total of ten million 

bushels. 

Georgia raised 338,000 

tons of hay in 1915, and 

yet bought from other 

states more than 130,- 

000 tons, worth about 

two million bushels. 

The yield of oats in 

Georgia in 1915 was in 

excess of seventeen mil 

lion bushels, more than 

four million bushels, 

however, were bought 

from other states. 

The wheat crop of 

Georgia in 1915 was 

three million bushels— 

just a third as much as 

was bought from other 

states during the year.


Commissioner John C. Hart expresses the opinion that under 

the poreation of the equalization act the State tax should be still 

further materially reduced, and says that in fact, if all property 

was returned at a fair valuation, a rate of two dollars on each 

$1,000 would give the State all the revenue it requires. As an 

illustration of the growth and development of the State, there 

was an increase in the tax return values of improved farm lands 

from $195,343,616 in 1913, to $237,699,369 in 1915. 

Investors have learned that there is no better security for loans 

in the world than Georgia farm lands. Hence loans, where 

needed, are easily obtainable, and the farms themselves soon yield 

the profits with which to pay them off. Ten large insurance, 

trust and bonding companies which have loans in Georgia aggre 

gating $16,000,000 have placed about sixty per cent, of the amount 

on farm lands. With a record of loans in the State since 1889, 

nine of these companies write that they have never had a farm 

loan overdue, and never lost a dollar by default, while one of the 

ten ha_d a small loss, admittedly through its own ignorance of 

conditions, in the entire 25 years experience. There is never a 

time when any honest farmer in Georgia is unable to get the 

money he needs for the making of crops or for extending and 

increasing his farm facilities. 

FARM HOME OF MRS. M. E. JUDD, NEAR DALTON


Home Market for Georgia s Products 

"Our soil and climate are so varied that we can produce all the 

grains, fruits, vegetables and fibres known to the Temperate Zone 

and some known to the semi-tropics. And to crown all these we 

have water power that can be made to generate perhaps as much 

as sixty million horse-power." 

While Franklin K. Lane, Secretary of the Interior, in making 

the above statement in his annual report for 1915, referred to the 

United States as a whole, he might have made it with equal truth 

of the State of Georgia alone, excepting only the figures indicat 

ing the horse-power that can be generated from the water courses, 

which, in Georgia, are not less than 1,000,000. 

It is indeed singular that Georgia, the one State in the Union 

that can probably grow every crop that can be grown in all states, 

has been enslaved so long by one crop alone, and that one indi 

genous to only a few states. Strangely, too, this one is not a 

food crop. Cotton has brought heaps of money to Georgia, and 

will naturally continue to be the State©s chief source of wealth, 

but that money has heretofore gone out again to pay the farmers 

VIEW OF PAIRVIEW FARM, PALMETTO

A state's wealth con 

sists of the sum total 

of material and tangible 

goods on which it is 

possible to place a 

money value. By rights 

it should include the 

sea, rivers, harbors, cli 

mate, mountains, and 

scenery. Georgia is rich 

because its climate is 

varied and the land it 

self varied. It is not all 

mountains or lowlands. 

The people in North 

Georgia can not furnish 

the things that are eas 

ily won on the coastal 

plain. Variety of na 

ture makes variety of 

opportunity, and occu 

pation. The farm comes 

first in Georgia, but 

minerals are not far 

behind. It is the min 

eral wonderland of the 

country and is begin 

ning to attract world- 

attention. 


of other states for the food products of their lands for the 

necessities as well as the luxuries of life all of which can be 

produced in abundance here, at lower cost than in the North and 

West, and for much less than Georgians have paid, when the ex 

pense of merchandising and transportation are considered. 

Bringing Coals to Newcastle 

Now Georgia is awake. It realizes that to supply its own 

ready-made but neglected home market alone will be no small 

task. Just how great that market is can only be estimated. It 

has been variously stated at from $150,000,000 to $200,000,000 

a year in food stuffs alone. Early in 1915, in order to get an 

idea of the products of other states that were consumed in Geor 

gia, the State Agricultural Department obtained from the whole 

sale and commission merchants in the cities of Atlanta and Macon 

the figures representing their total sales for the past year of 

some 23 leading items. The following table, compiled from these 

reports, shows the sales in Atlanta, the current price and the 

percentage that came from outside the State. The last column 

shows the percentage of the Macon sales of outside products: 

Kind 

Wheat ....... 

Hay ......... 

Oats ......... 

Mixed feed . . 

Potatoes 

Sweet ...... 

New Irish . 

Winter Irish 

Can©d Sweet 

Peas 

Stock ...... 

White ...... 

Can©d Peaches 

Can©d T©m©toes 

Can©d Syrup . 

Eggs ......... 

Poultry ...... 

Rutabagas . . . 

Honey ....... 

Lima Beans . . 

Peanuts ...... 

Quantity 

3,117,000 bu. 

5,690 cars 

2,888 cars 

955 cars 

594,500 bbl. 

813 cars 

193,810 dols. 

1,203 cars 

23,200 cases 

57 cars 

41,000 bu. 

22,000 cases 

256,500 cases 

25,000 cases 

340,200 dols. 

475,900 dols. 

176 cars 

269 cars 

23,800 dols. 

544 cars 

56 cars 

57 cars 

Current Prices 

Mayl 

$ 0.90 

1. 60 

14-24 per ton. 

00.65 bu. 

22.50-35 ton 

7.25 

1.25 bu. 

7.00 bu. 

.60 bu. 

i. 60 

1.50 bu. 

2.50 to 4 

i. 60 

i-iS 

.30 gallon 

.16 to 3oc dz 

.15 lb. 

.50 bu. 

1.75 sack 

.15 lb. 

4.05 bu. 

.06 lb. 

9 1*13- 

Per Cent. 

From Outride 

Georgia 

98.6 

IOO. 

99.67 

99.21 

53-3 

too. 

39.1 

71.2 

IOO. 

78. 

8.8 

78.8 

o. 

IOO. 

40.© 

47.6 

48.1 

IOO. 

IOO. 

5 7 

06.94 

IOO. 

IOO. 

Outside Prod 

ucts S Id in 

Macon 

Q3 A 

87-5 

97.1 

91.8 

56.8 

97.8 

0. 

82.6 

IOO. 

IOO. 

IOO. 

o. 

IOO. 

0. 

60.4 

46. 

IOO. 

IOO. 

0. 

IOO. 

IOO. 

IOO. 

Atlanta and Macon are but two of the many distributing points 

in Georgia. It will be apparent therefore that the three million 

bushels of other state corn sold in Atlanta was only a small part


of the outside corn brought to the State, notwithstanding the fact 

that over sixty million bushels were produced in Georgia during 

the same time. This state grew 3,S75,ooo bushels of wheat in 

1915, and over two million bushels of outside wheat were sold 

in Atlanta. Nearly six hundred thousand barrels of flour from 

other state mills were sold in Atlanta that year. Georgia has 

several busy flour mills, but there is evidently room in the State 

for more mills as well as more wheat growers. Seventeen million 

bushels of oats were produced that year in this State, and nearly 

three thousand cars of oats from other states were marketed in 

Atlanta alone. North Georgia can produce wheat equal to the 

best. Georgia soil is unsurpassed for growing tomatoes, but 

Atlanta consumed a quarter of a million cases of them canned, 

and all from other states. Look at but further comment on the 

figures would seem to be superfluous. 

MRS. W. W. MONK, CHAMPION FARMER OF THE SOUTHEAST 

Many northern people 

•whose wealth enables 

them to choose from the 

whole world, have found 

their ideal winter home 

in Georgia. Col Oliver 

H. Payne, of New Tork, 

is one of these, and 

from November to May 

is - generally on his 

beautiful estate in 

Thomas County. Near 

Thomasville is the fa 

mous winter colony of 

millionaires, their com 

bined estates aggregat 

ing 2,1,000 acres. J. Wy- 

man Jones, of New York, 

was the pioneer winter 

colonist some thirty 

years ago. Senator 

Mark Hanna, of Cleve 

land, was one of the 

earliest. His daughters, 

Mrs. R. R. Ireland and 

Mrs. Colburn Haskill, 

now spend their winters 

there.

M0SK-MELONS 

One of Georgia©s Famous Products 

FACTS ABOUT GEORGIA


Ready-Maae Opportunities 

There is no need for any Georgia farmer to buy for his family 

or employees a pound of grain, or a pound of hay or forage, or 

of meat, dairy products, vegetables or fruits; and there should 

be no need for any resident of Georgia, rural or urban, to buy 

any of these from other states. Georgia soil and climate are all- 

sufficient for its home requirements. Yet the case can be cited 

of a wholesale grocer and grain merchant in Middle Georgia, 

doing only a comparatively moderate business at that, who in one 

recent year sent his checks for over $300,000 to states North, to 

pay for corn, oats, hay, meat, lard, flour and meal to supply local 

demands, when every dollar©s worth of it might have been pro 

duced in his own county. 

It was conservatively estimated by the editor of a Georgia 

farmers© journal a few years ago that there was sent out of the 

State in one year to pay for things that should have been produced 

at home, sixty million dollars for corn, forty million for oats, the 

same amount for meats and dairy and poultry products, twenty- 

five million for hay and ten million for mules and horses. This 

is a strange situation, in view of the fact that the lands in the 

EXHIBIT OF HAMS BY BOYS' PIG CLUBS, ATLANTA. 1915


North and West where these products were grown, are worth 

two or three times an acre the value of the lands in Georgia 

where they could have been grown. There is a reason. After 

the war the Southern farmer was forced by poverty to grow 

cotton, the one crop that Northern states could not grow, and 

for which the North gladly paid cash. Naturally it is difficult 

to get the average Georgia farmer to give up his lifelong habit 

of depending on cotton for a living. Great progress has been 

made in this direction, however, in the past few years and home 

farming is becoming popular, but the results as far as the sup 

plying the market is concerned are, as yet hardly perceptible, and 

the constantly increased requirements of the industrial population 

are not touched. 

Cotton No Longer Best Crofi 

It is significant of the general acceptance of this view of the 

situation, that of the hundreds of articles received from Southern 

farmers in a recent best-crop competition inaugurated by a lead 

ing agricultural journal, not one gave cotton the preference, and 

FIGS MATURE PROFUSELY IN GEORGIA


the wide range of best-crop results thus submitted varied with 

location, conditions and men. No one crop was any longer 

claimed as "best," but its name proved to be "legion." The con 

sensus of opinion, too, was in favor of intensive rather than 

extensive farming. There is more money in making a small 

piece of land produce the largest crop at the smallest cost, than 

in looking to big acreage for big profits. This applys to cotton 

as well as to other crops. 

Bankers Helft Diversify Crofis 

There is an encouraging tendency among bankers in Georgia 

and the South generally to promote intensive and diversified 

production by favoring such prudent methods in the granting of 

farm credits. One group of Georgia banks has established a 

special credit rating for farmers whose operations do not exceed 

the planting of more than fifty per cent, of their cultivated land 

in any one crop, and whose remaining acres shall be planted in 

food crops for the maintenance of the family and the live stock 

of the farm. Applicants for loans must signify the number of 

hogs, hens, beef cattle, dairy cattle, the area of the home garden, 

and other pertinent details. 

In choosing his chief crop the prospective Georgia farmer who 

PAEM HOME NEAR ASHBUKN, TUKXER COUNTY

Two fine samples of 

what the State produces. 

Both Horse and Buggy 

were "Made in Georgia." 

74 


is prudent will naturally study the markets and best methods of 

cultivation, in advance, and not be led blindly by the many 

records of big profits from small acreages, into fields of which 

he has no knowledge. In the East and North, however, there are 

many first-rate farmers who have learned by hard experience to 

profitably cultivate the levels, or hillsides, or among jocks, and 

can make more corn or wheat or potatoes to the acre than even 

Western farmers. This is no reflection on the Western farmer, 

however, but is due to physical conditions. When these experi 

enced Eastern agriculturists realize how much more they could 

do with Georgia soils, in Georgia©s favoring climates, with their 

longer growing season, which for some products is continuous 

throughout the year, and with our accessibility to ready-made 

markets and big trade centers, they may hasten to accept this, 

the cordial invitation of the Georgia Chamber of Commerce, to 

come to Georgia and investigate the subject for themselves. 

Produce More on Cheaper Land 

There are about forty-four persons to the square mile in Geor 

gia, and a diversity of opportunity such as no other state in the 

Union can offer, considering our railroads, seaports and proximity 

to the Eastern markets. Massachusetts has 408.8 persons to the 

square mile, Rhode Island 508.5, Connecticut 231.3, New Jersey 

337.7 and Pennsylvania 171.0. 

The conditions in Georgia provide an unusual opportunity for 

the Northern or Western farmer to move to Georgia, and on


cheaper lands, grow the same general farm crops and raise the 

same kind of live stock with which he is familiar, with the 

assurance that he will have a market right at hand for all he 

produces, and at good prices. By the use of good farming 

methods to which he is accustomed he can make more money 

here, and he can also engage in growing some of the many 

profitable specialties, to say nothing of cotton, and still be 36 or 

less hours from the New York market. 

Assistance in Finding Homes 

There is not a county in Georgia where farm land can not be 

bought for as low as ten dollars an acre, which, by using grit and 

gumption, can be brought to a high state of cultivation. Higher 

prices of course prevail in accordance with present improvements, 

proximity to railroads or ports and with many other conditions. 

High-class lands under advanced cultivation might cost from 

$50 to $100 an acre, but compared to the values of similar lands 

in the North their cheapness will be apparent. The Georgia 

Chamber of Commerce is equipped, through the parent organiza 

tion, or through its various town and county units, to assist all 

serious inquirers for definite information concerning the oppor 

tunities the State affords for home seekers. 

UP-TO-DATE BARN AND SILO ON COLQL'ITT COUNTY FARM

At Lela, in Decatur 

County, is the 1^,000 

acre farm domain of 

J. 8. Cummlngs. In 

cluding those at work 

in saw mill and lumber 

ing, there are TOO peo 

ple on the farm, which 

produces all the meat 

they use, and which 

would otherwise cost 

from Si/50 to $1,000 a 

month. They also raise 

practically all the other 

food used. Mr. .Cum- 

mings has his own ice 

and cold storage 'plant. 

He has 500 head of cat 

tle, including a large 

herd of thorough-bred 

Herefords. On his horse 

farm are some of the 

finest riding and driving 

stock in the state, and 

for hogs, sheep, tur 

keys, ducks and chick 

ens, few anywhere can 

surpass him. 


Transportation Facilities 

With all its undeveloped lands, no one can get very far from 

a railroad in Georgia. Its transportation system taps all sections, 

covers the State like network, and connects all cities, towns and 

nearly all villages, with each other, and with the outside world. 

There are 7,326 miles of main-line tracks in the State, which, in 

proportion to its area, is greater than any other state south of 

Virginia. The mileage built since 1889 was 3,370. From the 

earliest history of railroading it has been the policy of the State 

Legislature to promote the development of transportation facili 

ties. There are over 1,500 shipping stations on these roads, with 

750 express stations. Frequent© trains bring the most remote 

rural districts into close touch with the trading centers. 

In addition to the purely local roads, ten important trunk lines 

supply fast mail, passenger and freight service to the big city 

markets of the country in all directions. These trunk lines are 

the Southern Railway, the Atlantic Coast Line, the Seaboard Air 

Line, the Atlanta, Birmingham & Atlantic, the Louisville & Nash- 

HOME OF MRS. JTJDD, NEAR DAT/TON


REAR VIEW OF PACKING PLANT AT MOULTR1E 

ville, the Nashville, Chattanooga & St. Louis, the Atlanta & West 

Point, the Central of Georgia, and the Georgia Railroad. 

Freight and express rates are fixed by the State Railroad Com 

mission, the powers of which are much wider than its name 

would imply. It is in reality a public utilities commission, with 

authoritative jurisdiction as well over all terminal stations, electric 

railway, power and light companies, and express, gas and cotton 

compress companies. The State itself owns an important railroad 

line, the Western & Atlantic, from the lease of which it receives 

an annual income of nearly half a million dollars. Several boat 

lines touch at the ports of Savannah, Brunswick, Darien, and 

St. Marys. 

Navigation Goes Far Inland 

River navigation is a considerable factor in the State©s com 

merce. Macon, at the geographical center of the State, reaches 

the sea at Darien by a line of self-propelled steel barges down 

the Ocmulgee and Altamaha rivers; the Savannah River below 

Augusta a distance of 250 miles has been an important com 

mercial waterway since Oglethorpe©s time; and the Chattahoochee 

and Apalachicola rivers, comprising a navigable waterway of 435 

miles, carry Columbus© freights to the Gulf. The Appalachicola 

River also receives the waters of the Flint River, now navigable 

as far as Albany. Other important rivers are the Oconee, which 

is navigable to Milledgeville, the former capital of the state; the 

St. Marys, which forms a large part of the Georgia-Florida 

boundary, and the Coosa and Oostanaula, which give Rome the 

Georgia is increasing 

rapidly in live stock 

production. Five years 

ago only 4,000 Head an 

nually were received at 

the Atlanta stock yards. 

In 1915 there were 50,- 

000. Over 30,000 hogs 

were killed in Atlanta 

in 1915. That city has 

become recognized in 

the cattle markets of 

the West, where there is 

a demand for Southern- 

raised stock, on ac 

count of its running 

lighter in weight, with 

smaller cuts, more eas 

ily handled. Five years 

ago two carload or fifty 

head a week glutted the 

market. To-day 30 car 

loads a week do not 

supply the demand and 

"Western beef is sold in 

Atlanta in ever increas 

ing quantities.

Exhibit of Boys' Corn 

Clubs at Southeastern 

Fair in Atlanta, 1915. 

Thousands of Boys pres 

ent to tell how they 

made big corn crops. 


distinction of being the only North Georgia city that can boast 

of navigation. A well defined project is on foot to open the 

Chattahoochee to navigation to Atlanta, by building a series of 

dams and locks, and by deepening the channel. United States 

army engineers declare it to be entirely practical, and there is a 

bill now before Congress to provide for the work. The potential 

hydro-electric power that would be developed by this means would 

go a long way towards meeting the cost. A large section of 

country and many people would be benefited by the improvement. 

The Railroad Commission not only enforces adequate and 

efficient service by the roads, but it gives other valuable aid to 

shippers of agricultural and industrial products. It establishes 

special commodity rates on vegetables and fruits and prescribes 

special fast trains for perishable commodities. 

The railroads and express companies greatly supplement the 

commission in this service. The Southern Express Company 

maintains a market bureau to assist in bringing together the pro 

ducers and the consumers, and issues frequent bulletins and lists 

of growers and dealers. The Southern, Central of Georgia, 

A., B. & A., and the Georgia Southern & Florida railroads main 

tain similar bureaus, for the purpose of assisting farmers along 

their lines in introducing new methods, in diversification of crops, 

and in the reaching of profitable markets.


MAIN BUILDING, AGRICULTURAL COLLEGE, ATHENS 

The State College of Agriculture 

Organized Promotion of Better Farming 

The State College of Agriculture at Athens, of which Dr. A. 

M. Soule is president, is doing a splendid work for Georgia, 

in helping the farmer increase the value of his acreage, as well 

as in preparing students to become scientific experts, to supply 

the pressing demand for agricultural investigators, advisors, and 

teachers, not only in the schools and colleges of the country, but 

with large industrial enterprises, railroads, and State and Federal 

Government departments of agriculture. It is part of the state 

University system, and ranks with the highest institutions for 

agricultural instruction in the country. It offers exceptional 

opportunities for boys, whether raised on farms or in towns, to 

qualify for the highest places in this wide field of usefulness. 

The college is well equipped in all departments, housed 

in handsome, recently constructed buildings with every modern 

facility for study, and surrounding it are 830 acres devoted to 

practical farming demonstration, all provided by the State. It 

provides a four-year course for a liberal and thorough training in 

agronomy, soil fertility, animal and dairy husbandry, horticulture, 

forestry, farm mechanics and cotton industry. General training 

in chemistry, physics, botany, biology, English and mathematics 

is also provided. One year courses are provided for men of 

limited time and means, and courses of three months and of ten 

TJie development of 

Georgia's resources has 

only begun. Their dis 

covery and utilization 

hold out great possibili^ 

ties of adding to the 

mammoth total of the 

state's wealth. It is the 

opportunity to go forth 

and find that has ab 

sorbed the entire Amer 

ican people for the past 

century, but Georgia 

has been a land that 

has been passed over in 

the search, and its lat 

ent potentialities are 

conspicuously inviting. 

It is only recently, for 

'instance, that the peo 

ple of South Georgia 

have discovered that 

they could have rich 

clover and alfalfa 

meadows on which to 

graze and fatten hogs 

365 days in each year.

8o FACTS ABOUT GEORGIA 

days, for those who are actually engaged in farming and desire 

to learn what they can at a minimum of cost. Co-ordinated with 

the State College are eleven District Agricultural Colleges, in 

locations convenient to the homes of the students and all efficiently 

equipped and maintained by the State. 

The activities of the State College in extension work, in 

carrying the message of improved methods directly to the people 

on the farms, are particularly noteworthy. In this work, which is 

co-operated in by the State and United States Agricultural De 

partments, the resources of Georgia are being developed more 

broadly and swiftly than otherwise would be possible. These 

activities are briefly summarized by Editor Charles A. Whittle of 

the State College, as follows: 

75 County Agents in Farm Demonstration Work 

8,685 Members of Boys© Corn Clubs in 129 Counties 

927 Members of Boys© Four-Crop Clubs 

420 Members of Boys© Oat Clubs. 

3,987 Members of Girls© Canning Clubs in 41 Counties 

40 County Agents in Girls© Club and Domestic Science Work 

368 Members of Poultry Clubs. 

MAURICE CHOWDER, CHAMPION BOY FARMER, HIS PRIZE MARE AND CROPS


200 Home Demonstrators in Home Economics 

798 Members of Pig Clubs 

1,475 Meetings for Farmers during last year, attendance 

207,116 

5 Four-Day Extension Schools, attendance, 5,332 

250,000 Readers reached weekly in Georgia with Column of 

Agricultural information in weekly papers. 

5,000 reached weekly in Live Stock Campaign now in prog 

ress 

5 Experts in Dairy and Beef Industry constantly at work 

among farmers of the State. 

4 Organizers of clubs for boys and girls almost constantly 

in the field 

5 District Agents who supervise county agents and club work 

3 Experts in Cereal and Fertilizer Tests working in various 

parts of the State 

3 Experts in Soil Survey work 

i Expert Horticulturist in Field work 

Tons of letters and literature sent out from the College of 

Agriculture on request of farmers 

Thousands to see instructive exhibits at various fairs in the 

State. 

BUNCH Of WHITE FACKS OX FARM OF ,T. T. AXDEESON, COBB COT.©S©TY

A unique plan for popu 

lating Decatur County 

farms with thorough 

bred hogs has been put 

in operation by the 

Board of Trade at 

Bainbridge. The State 

Bank of that city 

finances the scheme by 

presenting 25 boys with 

25 registered Duroc- 

Jersey sows, supplying 

also the registered boar 

for breeding purposes. 

From the first Utter 

each boy 'must return 

to the bank two sows, 

which in turn will be 

given to two more boys, 

on the same terms, and 

so on, ad lib. The pigs 

must be raised accord 

ing to instructions. The 

growth of that club is 

expected to beat com 

pound interest and fur 

nished new problems in 

school mathematics. 


75 BUSHELS OF CORN TO ACHE, M. MILLER, HOUSTON COUNTY 

The Federal Government funds provided by the Smith-Lever 

bill, and made available in 1914, were increased by the necessary 

State appropriation of an equal amount in 1915. This adds ma 

terially to the possibilities of this form of service to the fanner 

and will enable the work to be carried into all counties. 

Georgia has been a pioneer in extension work among the 

farmers, and in some lines it has lead. The first corn club ever 

organized is claimed for Newton County, Georgia, in 1904, when 

101 boys were enrolled by the county school superintendent, Mr.

• 

1 


G. C. Adams. It touched a heretofore neglected phase of edu 

cation, and the State College took it up the following year. Geor 

gia was also first in the use of newspaper plate, by which a large 

proportion of the farmers are reached weekly. 

Increasing Average Yield •per Acre 

As one result of the boys© corn clubs and .county agents© work, 

the total corn crop of the State has been increased one hundred 

per cent, in ten years. The average yield per acre has been more 

than doubled. Nearly 10,000 boys were enrolled in the corn 

FULL COTTON BOLLS 

The total exports of 

Georgia, products from 

the port of Savannah 

to foreign ports in 1915 

amounted to seventeen 

million dollars. Coun 

tries to which these 

were shipped include 

Denmark, France, Ger 

many, Greece, Italy, 

Holland, Norway, Por 

tugal, Russia, Spain, 

Sweden, England, Can 

ada, Australia, New 

Zealand, 3outh Africa, 

West Indies, Chile, Ar 

gentine, Brazil, South 

Africa, China and Japan. 

Savannah's 'bank clear- 

' ings in 1915 exceeded a 

quarter of a billion dol 

lars, these per capita 

clearings "being $2,831, 

which is far above the 

average city of the same 

sine. The keen world- 

visioning business spirit 

of its people predicates 

Savannah's glorious fu 

ture.


contest in 1915, and a large number of them proved that it was 

possible to grow more than one hundred bushels of corn per acre. 

The champion corn grower of the State is Ben Leath of Ken 

sington, Ga., who grew 214 bushels on one acre in 1915, valued 

at $214.71, and at a cost of $32.05. It has been demon 

strated also that boys with four crops on three acres, have made 

a net profit of from $250 to $300 in one season. One acre each 

was planted in corn, cotton and oats, the oats followed by cow 

peas. 

Girls© Canning Clitbs Popular 

It has also been demonstrated that it is possible in Georgia to 

grow enough tomatoes on one-tenth of an acre to produce a net 

profit of $90, which is at the rate of $360 per acre. At the South 

eastern Fair in 1915, certificates of honor for growing not less 

than 2,500 pounds of tomatoes on one-tenth of an acre were 

given to 41 girls, the best record made being 5,460 pounds: 

Because of the single crop system of the Southern States 

cotton the fertility of the soil in many localities has steadily 

decreased. Vegetable matter of humus has become scant because 

of the clean cropping and methods that have been in vogue of 

burning stalks, grass and other humus-making material, instead 

HAPPY BAKN-YARD FAMILY IN GEORGIA


of turning them under. This great lesson in farming is being 

stressed by the college demonstrators in Georgia, on every occa 

sion, with noticeably good results. It is not uncommon now to see 

Georgia farmers bringing leaves from the forests as they do in 

Europe, to spread on the land and plow under. These progress 

ive agencies are above all teaching the farmers of the State to 

diversify their crops, to make place in crop rotation for legumes 

to which the soil and climate of Georgia are so well adapted. 

Legumes and live stock are advocated as the two greatest soil- 

building agencies needed in this section. 

Improving Breed of Live Stock 

The College of Agriculture is active and helpful in building up 

the live stock industry in Georgia. Splendid progress is being 

made in introducing pure-bred stock, and strong strains from 

the most noted herds in the country have been transplanted to 

the State. The agricultural department of the Central Railroad 

of Georgia has been of valuable assistance in this work. Two 

experts in dairying working by co-operative arrangements be 

tween the College and the United States Department of Agricul 

ture, are constantly visiting farmers, helping them to secure good 

HAULING EVE BY TRACTOR. BONA ALLENT FARM


stock, and teaching them how to market high-grade dairy pro 

ducts. Three experts are interesting farmers in the beef-cattle 

industry, influencing them to produce suitable feed crops, and 

helping to find markets for fattened beeves. 

Georgia is already a leading state in swine production, and 

many pure-bred herds are to be found here. Many farmers have 

found big profits in hogs. Hog cholera, which is not as prevalent 

in this State as in some other sections of the country, is being 

vigorously combated, however, with serum. One expert is con 

stantly in the field co-operating with the county agents in intro 

ducing serum wherever needed. In Decatur County the swine 

industry is rapidly becoming of paramount importance. The 

State College and Federal experts are co-operating there to the 

end that the cholera may be completely eradicated. It has been 

demonstrated that pork can be produced in Georgia cheaper than 

elsewhere. On peanuts, corn and legumes, indigenius to this 

climate, hogs thrive wonderfully. The Agricultural College is 

promoting the industry extensively, by showing farmers the kind 

of crops best suited to the most economical production of swine. 

Along with other evidence of a desire to start right in the cattle 

business, is found the desire to have a silo. The college experts 

NINETY ACRES OF IRISH POTATOES 30 BUSHELS TO AN ACHE


simply can not meet the demand for advice and superintendence 

in silo construction. To fill the silos economically the college 

carries along a campaign in favor of the best crops to be used. 

Draft horses for farm use are being urged upon Georgia 

farmers with marked success. Georgia has been buying from ten 

to twelve million dollars worth of mules from other states each 

year, when Georgia is as well adapted to producing colts as any 

state in the Union. This is being demonstrated by the college, and 

thousands have been induced to use Percheron stallions as a 

foundation for the future horse industry. 

Demonstrate What can be Grown 

As Georgia can grow any farm crop that any other states can 

grow, and many that other states can not grow, because of its 

favoring climate and varying soils and altitudes, the State College 

aims to show how the largest possible use may be made of the won 

derful opportunities. In order to demonstrate to farmers what 

crops can be grown, that they are not accustomed to grow, test 

plats have been established throughout the State. Various soil 

types are used, and various cereals are sown, where cotton alone 

is the crop of independent. Great emphasis is laid on the use of 

FIFTY-SIX BUSHELS OF CORN TO ACRE, B. 6. DANIELS, MILLEN


legume in the system of farming the college is promoting. Fer 

tilizer tests are made on various soil types to show how to fertilize 

economically. 

A vigorous seed propaganda is carried on by the College to 

induce the farmers to use pedigreed seed, instead of the hap 

hazard, get-it-where-you-can varieties. How to select good seed, 

and how to keep it pure bred is being taught the farmers and 

club boys throughout the State. Not only is the volume of yield 

a consideration, but the seed©s resistance to disease and insects 

is of vital value. 

Orchardists Get Valuable Hel'p 

In horticultural fields the College is also of great assistance 

and co-operates with the State Department of Entomology in 

expert service among the apple and peach orchardists and growers 

of citrus fruits. Its scientific knowledge of spraying, pruning 

and grafting is at the service of all. In truck gardening and 

marketing the College is giving valuable help. In fact, in all its 

activities this most important State institution has proven of in 

calculable benefit to Georgia. 

SUGAR CANE, R. N. HIGHSMITH, PIERCE COUNTY


The State Agricultural Department 

It' 

Scope and Many Activities 

The Georgia Department of Agriculture, headed by Commis 

sioner J. D. Price, is charged with the enforcement of the many 

important laws governing this Mother of all Industries. Not 

the least of these laws is that requiring the registration of the 

different brands of fertilizer offered for sale by manufacturers, 

which registration must show the brand name, the guaranteed 

analysis and the name and address of the maker. When ap 

proval is granted the manufacturer is qualified to purchase State 

tax tags, one of which must be attached to every sack of fertilizer 

offered for sale. The manufacturer is further required to report 

to the department all fertilizr and meal sold in the State, giving 

the brand name, the name and address of the purchaser and the 

number of sacks. 

Quite as important is the enforcement of the Pure Food and 

Drug laws. Under these laws inspectors are constantly on the 

road, watching for violations, taking samples of food, feed and 

UP TO HIS NECK IN A ROSE BED


drugs offered for sale, and forwarding them to the State Cehmist 

for analysis. Prompt action is taken by the department when 

violations of the laws are found. 

The Agricultural Department is required to enforce also the 

laws regulating the sale of oil and gasoline. The State Oil 

Inspector has a staff of local inspectors covering all points in the 

State where oil or gasoline is stored in tanks for distribution. 

The local inspectors make rigid tests, collect fees and report all 

irregularities, and the department acts accordingly. 

The chemical laboratories of this department, under the State 

Chemist, analyze all samples submitted by the inspectors and re 

port to the commissioner. Under the direction of an expert 

bacteriologist the laboratories grow soil bacteria for leguminous 

crops, and these are distributed to the farmers of the State at 

actual cost of distribution 25 cents an acre which is the lowest 

at which they are provided by any state. 

The Department of Agriculture is prepared to advise and assist 

everyone in the State who is ambitious to improve his lands or 

AN EXHIBIT AT SOUTHEASTERN FAIK, ATLANTA, 1815


crops, and outside parties seriously desiring information with a 

view to an agricultural location in Georgia may have the benefits 

of this valuable service by addressing the State Agricultural Com 

missioner, Capitol building, Atlanta. 

Aids Farmers to Find Markets 

The Georgia Department of Agriculture in 1914 added to its 

functions a market exchange to aid farmers to find markets for 

their produce. It has proved helpful in so many instances that 

it is being extended and strengthened as rapidly as possible. 

Commissioner J. D. Price states, however, that the work is badly 

handicapped in cases of very large shipments by the lack of con 

nections outside the State. He therefore heartily approves the 

movement launched at the annual meeting of the Southern Com 

mercial Congress at Charleston, S. C, in December, 1915, when 

resolutions emanating from the Southern States Association of 

Agricultural Commissioners were presented and adopted, call 

ing for the creation by United States Congress of a special unit 

system of National organization for facilitating and developing 

the marketing and distribution of farm products. 

This proposition contemplates a new department of the govern- 

SHEEP AND CATTLE GRAZING ON FARM OF J. D. PRICE

Thousands of acres of 

improved farms, with 

houses and barns, can 

be Had in Georgia at 

from $35 to $15 on 

acre, that by supplying 

the necessary lime, will 

make permanent stands 

of alfalfa, giving from 

•four to six cuttings, 

and as many tons of 

hay, a year, and this 

after it has furnished 

grazing for hogs. The 

cotton farmers in the 

state are paying $25 a 

ton for western alfalfa 

hay for their stock. Not 

even in Kansas, whose 

boast has been that al 

falfa brought its pros 

perity, are the returns 

per acre from alfalfa so 

profitable as in Geor 

gia. Experienced, alfalfa 

growers nave no diffi 

culty in raising bumper 

crops the first year they 

are in this State. 


CORN AND PEAS, I. A. FULLWOOD, TIFT COUNTY 

ment, entirely separate from any existing department, and com 

posed of township, county and state units, starting with the 

individual farmers, and concentrating in a National chamber or 

commission of agriculture, which would be truly democratic in 

principle. The resolutions were endorsed by the agricultural 

commissioners of Georgia, Virginia, Tennessee, Alabama, North 

and South Carolina and Texas. This project is independent of 

the National Association of State Marketing Officials, organized 

at Chicago in November, 1915, and which proposes to accomplish 

the same object without congressional action.


Cotton 

"The Snow of Southern Summer 

The chief money crop of Georgia is cotton. It has been in- 

seperably associated with the history of the State since a few 

months after its settlement by the Oglethorpe colonists. While 

cotton will doubtless for many years continue to be the State©s 

foremost agricultural resource, its almost complete dominance of 

the commercial life of the people, whereby their prosperity has 

been at the mercy of the world©s market, dependent on the rise 

and fall of price, seems likely to be nearing an end. The tendency, 

strengthened by the condition created by the European war, is to 

©get away from the single crop idea, and grow at home the many 

"BANK ACCOUNT" COTTON- THREE BALES TO ACRE 

A sample of diversity 

of staple crops was af 

forded by the Chatham 

County Farm near Sa 

vannah in 1915, when 

exceptional results were 

obtained from 175 acres 

of corn (45 'bushels an 

acre), 75 acres of cot 

ton, 75 acres of peas, 

(SO acres of hay, 15 acres 

of sugar-cane, 30 acres 

of Irish potatoes, 17 

acres of sweet potatoes, 

7 acres of alfalfa, 5 

acres of oats, 3 acres of 

Japanese cane, 2 acres 

of Kudzu grass, 3 

acres of melons, and 10 

acres of miscellaneous 

vegetables. In addition 

there were 20 steers 

fattened for killing, 20 

heifers kept for breed 

ing and 100 hoas raised 

for meat. That hai dly 

deserves to be called a 

"poor farm."

Velvet beans are a fa 

vorite crop with many 

Georgia farmers, and 

their acreage is increas 

ing yearly. A three-fold 

ad-vantage is claimed for 

these beans. They gather 

nitrogen from the air, 

and transfuse it into the 

land. The Utter alone 

is worth more than 

#25 an acre to the land 

as fertilizer. The husks 

may be fed to stock 

while the beans bring an 

excellent price when 

ground for oil and feed. 

In many sections big 

cotton crops are grown 

without fertilizer other 

than the bean little left 

on the land the previous 

year. Beans are threshed 

in ordinary cotton gins. 

Eastern farmers who 

something new about 

them in Georgia. 

94 


KING COTTON AT SOUTHEASTERN FAIR 

necessary food products that Georgians now purchase from other 

states. 

Until Texas, with its tremendously greater area, began to grow 

cotton extensively, Georgia led all other states in its production 

now it is second. 

Came Over With Oglethorfie 

Cotton plants grown as a curiosity in the gardens of the Salz- 

burgers at Ebenezer, from Egyptian seed one of them had brought 

over, gave an idea of its commercial possibilities and its particular 

adaptability to this climate, to Phillip Nutter, late of Chelsea,© 

England, who planted it on a more extensive scale in 1734. James 

Habersham is credited with having sent the first bale of lint to 

England the following year. Richard Leak, who was then said to 

be the largest cotton grower in the State, with a hundred acres 

under cultivation, is on record in 1788 as urging the Philadelphia 

Society to use its influence to encourage the growing of cotton. 

No incentive was needed, however, after the invention of the 

cotton gin by Eli Whitney in 1793. This marvel of ingenuity was 

able to separate the lint from the seed of a single bale of cotton 

in a few hours, when theretofore a grown man could not do it


by hand in a year. Then the export trade began to increase 

mightily year by year, creating a whole world of industry, and 

bringing fabulous prosperity to Georgia planters. The cotton 

production of the country at the period of the Civil War was 

two and two-thirds million bales. Georgia alone had exceeded 

that figure in production in 1911, while the total production of 

the country that year was over sixteen million bales. The cotton 

crop brings to Georgia for lint and seed from $125,000,000 to 

$200,000,000 a year. The price varies with the volume of pro 

duction and the market conditions. The average cost of growing 

cotton, including fertilizer for forcing the crop, is at least eight 

cents a pound. But even with cotton selling at twelve or fourteen 

cents, the average Georgia farmer can not become a Croesus, 

when he buys his fodder and family food stuffs, especially when 

they have been brought from a distance and have accumulated 

merchandising as well as freight charges. He has paid dearly 

for his lesson, but he has learned it. 

Northern farmers settling in Georgia naturally plant more or 

less cotton as soon as they learn the way of it. The planting 

season is from about March 15 to May i, and it does equally well 

on a soil of sandy loam or red clay. It is grown successfully in 

GHAZIXG IN ALFALFA IN FEBRUARY IN SOUTH GEORGIA

WA — o^r 

WILL COVER 40 A, 

OK COT.OK, «K 

SK STORAGK. 

BTI1E 

COMWJS>. AS I 

MKHC1IAN-


nearly every county in the State, and yields abundantly when 

properly fertilized and cultivated- The picking season begins in 

August and lasts almost until Christmas, with October and 

November as the heaviest months. After the cotton is ginned it 

is baled in 500 pound bales, and if to be shipped it is compressed 

at one of the central shipping points. Georgia's crop is either 

exported, shipped to New England mills or made into fabrics at 

the mills within the State. A few years ago it was estimated that 

nearly one-half of Georgia's cultivated land was planted in cotton. 

There are about 5,000 cotton gins in the State. 

Fourth in Cotton Manufacture 

In the manufacture of cotton goods Georgia stands fourth in 

the Union, being excelled by Massachusetts, North Carolina and 

South Carolina. In ante-bellum days it led all Southern states 

in this respect. Although the first cotton factory had been built 

in Georgia in 1811, the industry had its real beginning in 1828, 

when the Georgia Factory was built at Whitehall, near Athens. 

In 1900 there were only 68 cotton mils in the State, with a 

capacity of 817,345 spindles and 19,398 looms. In 1915 there 

were 165 mills with 2,214,850 active spindles and 42,773 looms, 

using over 300,000,000 pounds of cotton, and producing fine 

fabrics and yarns to the value of $63,794,145. 

The bumper cotton crop in history was in 1911, when the total 

product of the country was in round numbers 16,000,000 bales, 

of which Georgia's portion was 2,768,627 bales. The average 

price that year was 9.69 cents. The following year, with a reduc 

tion of nearly a million bales in production, the average price was 

12.05 cents. Up jumped Georgia's crop again to 2,316,601 bales 

in 1913, and the price was fairly good, too, at 13.07, and the 

farmers were correspondingly happy. Another bumper crop, 

almost equal to that of 1911, was in the fields in 1914, when like 

a thunderbolt came the European war, and the Kaiser's big guns 

three thousand miles away on the Belgium frontier, knocked cot 

ton down to seven cents, and caused Southern farmers to lose a 

prospective income of $300,000,000. 

State Combats Cotton's Foes 

A few years ago half a bale of cotton to the acre was con 

sidered a fair yield, but he is a poor farmer these days who does 

not make a bale an acre, while two bales an acre is not uncommon 

and even three have been grown in some instances. Insect pests 

and plant diseases generally are vigorously combated by the State 

Board of Entomology, which is under the direction of State 

Entomologist E. Lee Worsham. It has done notable work in 

Georgia farmers find 

ready money for pea 

nuts from, the oil mills, 

a number of which have 

been established in 

South Georgia especially 

for this crop, while 

many cotton oil mills 

have adapted their ma* 

chinery to it. One large 

land owner in Miller 

County in 1916 planted 

peanuts in every acre 

formerly given over to 

cotton, and has erected 

an oil mill for his own 

and his neighbors' crops. 

There is also ready 

money in porlc made 

from peanuts gathered 

by hogs, and the ex 

perience of the Moultrie 

PacTcing Company has 

demonstrated that pea 

nut-fed hogs produce 

quite as superior lard 

as corn-fed hogs.


meeting the onslaught of the pestiferous boll weevil, that Mexican 

insect bandit that preys on cotton fields. Dr. W. D. Hunter, plant 

insect specialist of the U. S, Bureau of Entomology, asserts that 

Georgia's preparedness to keep out this enemy is better than that 

of any other Southern state. The Georgia department is success 

fully developing several highly specialized varieties of cotton, 

with extra long fibre and greater yield per acre. One of these, 

known as "Dixafin," is an upland staple, that brings from three 

to five cents a pound more than the common variety. The "services 

of this department are at the command of farmers whenever 

needed. 

In addition to the cotton fibre of commerce there is a valuable 

secondary product known as linters—the very fine lint obtained 

from the seed after it is ginned. Of linters, Georgia produces 

from 50,000 to 110,000 bales a year. 

Xne Royal Consort—Queen Cotton Seed 

About thirty years ago it was discovered that cotton seed, 

which, previous to that time, except for planting purposes, was 

thrown into discard heaps or used for fertilizer, was in itself a 

source of great wealth. Therewith the cotton seed oil industry 

"UPRIGHT" COTTON ON BASTING'S FARM. TROTTE COUNTY


COLLEGE METHOD OF CORN GROWING DEMONSTRATED 

was created and grew rapidly. There are now 170 cotton oil 

mills in Georgia, with an annual production of more than 

$20,000,000. Cotton seed oil possesses peculiar dietetic and 

hygienic properties. It is used extensively for lard compounds 

and for soaps, and as a substitute for the olive oil of Italy. And 

still more. The residue of the seed after crushing, in the form 

of meal and hulls, is a superior fattening food for cattle and 

hogs, and also possesses valuable fertilizing properties. 

Sea Island Cotton 

Sea Island cotton—cotton de luxe—is grown only on the islands 

along the coast of South Carolina, Georgia and Florida, and at a 

distance inland varying according to soil conditions, from 25 to 

loo miles from the sea. It is of a rich, long-staple variety, the 

rarest cotton in the world, and brings about .25 cents a pound. It 

is used for making fine laces, thin fabrics and imitation silks. In 

1911, the banner cotton year, Georgia produced 72,904 bales of 

Sea Island cotton, against a total world's crop of 119,293 bales. 

High-class cattle for 

breeding purposes can 

be obtained in Georgia 

from a number of ex 

perienced breeders, and 

the stock of the average 

farmer is being improv 

ed rapidly. R. F. Shed- 

den, of Atlanta, has a 

big Shorthorn cattle 

farm in Coweta County, 

and is supplied with ad 

ditional stock in carload 

lots by the American 

Shorthorn Breeders' As 

sociation. The Georgia 

Chamber of Commerce is 

co-operating with state 

and railroad officials in 

the establishment of a 

centarl market for thor 

oughbred cattle, where 

farmers may select 

stock without travelling 

to other states. Geor 

gia's natural advan 

tages for beef produc 

tion are attracting 

country-wide attention.

IOO FACTS ABOUT GEORGIA 

Wkat Georgia Soil Can Produce 

Just how many agricultural products the kindly soil and vary 

ing climates of Georgia will permit to be raised successfully and 

profitably may never be accurately known. In a prize contest 

held recently by the Georgia Chamber of Commerce, in connec 

tion with the observance of the annual Georgia Products Dav 

John S. Stockbridge, R. F. D. 3, Atlanta, was declared the win 

ner. He submitted a list of 234 separate products, classifying 

them under headings of 21 grain crops, 64 vegetable crops, 32 

hay and pasture crops, 46 fruit crops, 14 nut crops, 6 sugar and 

oil crops, 25 aromatic and herb crops. It looks like the index 

to a national seed catalog. This semi-officially declared list of 

Georgia products is as follows: 

Grain Crops—Barley, bean (horse), bean (Lyon), bean (soy) 

bean (velvet), bean (Yokahama), buckwheat, corn (Indian)' 

corn (chicken), corn (Jerusalem), conn (Kaffir), corn (pop)' 

corn (sweet), cowpeas, millet (pearl), oats, peas (Canadian 

held), rice (lowland), rice (upland), rye, wheat—21. 

Fiber Crops— Basket willow, broom corn, cotton, flax (win- 

HASTINGS' FARM, TROUP COUNTY


ter), gourd, hemp, jute, mulberry (silk), mulberry (paper), 

okra, rami, sisal, yucca—13. 

Forage Crops—Cane (Japanese), cactus (spineless), cassava, 

chufa, goober, rnangel wurzel, Milo maize, peanut, rape, salt 

bush (Australian), sorghum, sugar beet, teosinte—13. 

Vegetable Crops—Arrowroot, artichoke, asparagus, bean (corn 

field), bean (Lima or butter), bean, (navy), bean (pole), bean 

(string), bean (wax), beet, brocoli, Brussels sprouts, cabbage, 

carrot, cauliflower, celeriac, celery, chard, chervil, chickory, col- 

lard, cress, cowpea (table), cucumber, dandelion, Dasheen, en 

dive, eggplant, fetticus, garlic, kale, kershaw, kohlrabi, leek, let 

tuce, mushroom, mustard, mustard (Chinese), okra, onion, onion 

(Bermuda), onion (shallot), parsley, parsnip, pea (English soft), 

pea (English hard), pea (Marofat), pea (salad), pepper (red), 

pepper (sweet), potato (Irish), potato (sweet), potato (yam), 

pumpkin, radish, radish (horse), rhubarb, salsify, spinach, squash 

(summer), squash (winter), taro, tomato, turnip—64. 

Hay and Pasture Crops—Alfalfa, clover (Crimson), clover 

(Japanese), clover (Mexican; not true clover), clover (red), 

clover (sweet), clover (white), Desmodium (beggarweed), grass 

(Bermuda), grass (carpet), grass (crab), grass (crawfoot), 

grass (Dallis), grass (guinea), grass (Herds), grass (Italian 

A LOADED GRAPE VINE

Hark Twain . Said : " The 

true Georgia water 

melon is above, apart, 

and not to lie mentioned 

with the common things 

of earth. It is one of 

the world's chief lux 

uries, being by the 

grace of God over all 

the fruits of the earth. 

When one has tasted it 

he knows what angels 

eat. It certainly was not 

a Georgia watermelon 

that Eve partook; we 

know it because she re 

pented." 

Annual shipments of 

watermelons from Geor 

gia amount to more 

than 12,000 carloads. 

They grow in all sec 

tions^ but principally 

along the Savannah 

River and in South 



rye), grass (Johnson), grass (Kentucky blue), grass (meadow 

fescue), grass (oat), grass (orchard), grass (Para), grass (pe 

rennial rye), grass (rescue), grass (Rhodes), grass (Sudan), 

grass (Texas blue), grass (water), millet (German), Timothy, 

vetch (hairy), vetch (spring)—32. 

Fruit Crops—Apple, apricot, banana (Lady Finger), black 

berry, blueberry, cabbage palmetto, cantaloupe, citrange, citron, 

cherry (sour), cherry (sweet), crabapple, currant, dewberry, fig, 

gooseberry, grape (bunch), grape (Muscadine or Scuppernong), 

grapefruit, haw, huckleberry, kaki (Japanese persimmon), kum- 

quat, lemon, loquat, mulberry, mushmelon, nectarine, olester 

(Japanese), olive, orange, pawpaw, palmettoberry, peach, pear, 

persimmon, piemelon, plum, pomegranate, quince, raspberry, 

roselle, Satsuma orange, strawberry, watermelon, wonderberry— 

46. 

Nut Crops—Acorn (sweet), almond, beechnut, chestnut (Jap 

anese), chestnut (native.), chestnut^ (Spanish), chinquapin, filbert, 

hazelnut, hickorynut, pecan, walnut (black), walnut (English), 

walnut (Japanese)—14. 

Sugar and Oil Crops—Cane, castor bean, peanut, rape (flax 

seed), sorghum, sunflower (Russian)—6. 

Aromatic and Herb Crops—Anise, balm, borage, caraway, cat 

nip, coriander, deer tongue, dill, ginseng, golden seal, horehound, 

lavender, Marjoram (sweet), mint, pennyroyal, peppermint, 

poppy, rosemary, sage, savory, sweet basil, tea, thyme, tobacco, 

wormwood—25. 

WATERMELONS—THE FRUIT THAT GEORGIA MADE FAMOUS


Peaches 

Internationally famous, the Georgia peach is the queen of • 

fruits, as cotton is the king of soil products. A peach is a 

peach, but the Georgia peach, beautiful, fragrant, flavorous, cool 

and luscious, excells them all. The total production of peaches 

in the State in 1915, according to United States Government re 

ports, was 5,330,000 bushels, averaging over a dollar a bushel. 

In 1914 the production was 5,785,000 bushels, at a farm value of 

$1.26 a bushel. California produced nearly twice the number of 

bushels that Georgia did in 1915, but its value per bushel was 

little more than half that of Georgia's, and no other State ap 

proached anywhere near the value of Georgia's crop. There 

were 4,468 cars of peaches shipped from the State in 1915, of 

which seventy per cent, were through the Georgia Fruit Ex 

change, the thorough marketing system of which, through selling 

agents in 246 cities, supplemented by the co-operation of the rail 

roads, enabled it to avoid glutting the markets, and to obtain the 

best possible prices. This organization has been a valuable object 

lesson to the growers of other fruits. Its operations have been 

counted thus far to marketing the peach crop. About eighty-five 

per cent, of the peach growers belong to the exchange. 

The growth of the peach industry in Georgia has been remark 

able. Fifty years ago there were only a few small orchards near 

Augusta. The first refrigerated car of peaches went to New 

York in 1887. That gave great impetus to- the planting of or- 

The Glorious Promise of 

Fruitage. 

•§> 3> 

Fort Valley Peach Or 

chard—six years old—in 

Full Midsummer Foliage


chards, which can be found scattered throughout the whole state, 

where they seem to thrive equally well. The time of maturing 

varies with the section, beginning early in the South, and ending 

later in the summer in Yonah Land, in the foot hills of the Blue 

Ridge. Thirty years ago the largest peach orchard in the State 

was forty acres, but to-day there are some individual orchards 

having as many as 250,000 bearing trees, with their own railway 

extensions and large packing-houses. It is estimated that there 

are approximately eighteen million peach trees in the State. As 

large new areas have been planted each year since 1905, a great 

proportion of the orchards of the State have not yet come to 

bearing. 

The chief varieties of peaches grown in Georgia considered 

from a commercial standpoint, are the Carman, Hiley, Belle, 

Uneeda, Greensboro, and Elberta. The last is by far the most 

famous and plentiful. It was originated by Samuel H. Rumph in 

the early eighties, and is a cross between the Chinese Cling and 

the Crawford Early. Mr. Rumph, who named the variety for his 

wife, has spent his entire life in peach culture, and may be con 

sidered the nestor of the industry in Georgia. His orchards are 

in the heart of a distinctly peach district, and within a twelve- 

HALE FEACH ORCHARD, FORT VALLEY—140,000 BEARING TREES


mile square, on either side of the Central Railroad tracks, and ex 

tending from above Fort Valley to below Marshallville, more 

than one-third of the peaches in the State are grown. 

Another important peach section is in Yonah Land, along the 

main line of the Southern Railway in North Georgia. A still 

newer section, giving promise of abundant yield, is in the Pine 

Mountains, 40 miles north of Columbus. Suitable lands for 

peach orchards may be bought from $25 to $100 an acre, de 

pending on their condition of improvement and their proximity 

to a railroad station. Mountain side orchards have many advo 

cates, who claim that they are not so susceptable to injury by 

cold snaps as those in bottom lands, and that mountain soil and 

air give special flavor and color to the fruit. 

On the eastern slope of White Oak mountain, near Ringgold, 

Ga., and only a few miles from Chattanooga, Tenn., J. E. Satter- 

field cleared land in 1912 and planted ten acres in peaches, one in 

pears, one in cherries, one in grapes and two in apples. He 

planted one-year old peach trees. They came into bearing in 1915, 

the Mayflower and Red varieties the last of May, the Slappy the 

middle of July, the Carman the first of July, and the Elbertas 

about the middle of August. The quality of his fruit was such 

HOUSTON COUNTY PEACH ORCHARD—FULL CROP OF FRUIT

io6 FACTS ABOUT GEORGIA 

that he got $1.50 and $2.00 a bushel for them in the Chattanooga 

market, when others were selling for 75 cents and a dollar a 

bushel. He could have sold hundreds of bushels more than he 

had. In a few years more that orchard should be worth a neat 

fortune. 

Savannah Sugar Refinery 

The past few years have been notable for Georgia's industrial 

expansion. More grain mills, canning plants, and packing houses 

have opened up new and profitable markets for food crops, meat 

animals, as the augmented production of these have required. 

And there are opportunities for many more industries of the 

same general character. A particularly interesting contribution 

to the State's diversification is the three-million dollar sugar re 

finery being erected in Savannah. This will enable the planters 

to grow another crop that will mean immediate cash to them as 

soon as the product is delivered. It is claimed by experts that 

the fertile acres of the State near the coast can be made to yield 

as much sugar as the lowlands of Louisiana. This large invest 

ment, with its new field of employment for labor, is striking 

evidence of Georgia resources and energy. 

APPLE ORCHARD OF M. J. YEOMANS. CORNELIA


Apples 

Apple growing in Georgia is still in its infancy, but all natural 

conditions are so favorable, and planting has been on such an 

extensive scale during the past few years, that an exceedingly 

creditable future is predicted for the industry. In fact, the State 

is not far from becoming as famous for its delicious apples as 

for its peaches and melons, and is fast coming to be a rival 

of the best known apple sections of the North and West. Pre 

vious to twenty years ago the industry had been purely local and 

no attempt had been made to commercialize it widely. It was 

about 1900 that the North Georgia fruit began to attract general 

attention for is firm texture, fine flavor and high color. In the 

five years preceding 1915 it is conservatively estimated that not 

less than a million trees were planted in three counties of North 

eastern Georgia alone. 

Georgia apples surprised the horticulturists of the country, 

when, at the National Apple Growers' Show at Spokane, Wash., 

in 1908, with 1,500 entries in competition, they took second prize 

for the best exhibit from the Southern States, and second for 

the best new variety open to the world. Again, in 1913, at the 

annual fruit exhibit of the New York College of Agriculture at 

Ithica, apples from Georgia were awarded four first and two 

second premiums, when among the competitors were orchards of 

every fruit growing state in the country, and 130 varieties of 

apples were entered. 

The early settlers of the highlands of Georgia found many 

apple trees of mature age that had been planted by the Cherokee 

Indians, and it is a remarkable fact that some of these trees, 

three and four feet in diameter, were still bearing profusely in 

1915, at more than a hundred years of age, and yielding above 

60 bushels a tree. Experts agree that all the conditions of soil, 

Up near Mount Yonah 

in Habersham County in 

the Fall of 1915 was the 

inspiring sight of 28,000 

bushels of glorious red 

apples—in two bins— 

part of one orchard crop 

of 40,000 bushels. 

•§> 

According to the old 

rule of nature, 1916 is to 

be the "on" year with 

apples, as 1915 was the 

"off" year, and big 

things are expected from 

the North Georgia or 

chards.

The value of Georgia's 

farm products in 1915 

was $233,508,000, an in 

crease of thirteen per 

cent, over 1914. This 

was more than a million 

dollars in excess of the 

value of Pennsylvania's 

crops, thirty-two million 

in excess of Michigan's, 

fifty-four million more 

than Wisconsin's, thir 

teen million more than 

North Dakota's, and ex 

ceeded South Dakota's 

'by sixty-six million. 

 

California fell twenty- 

one million behind Geor 

gia in the value of its 

1915 crops, and, with, all 

its wonderful agricul 

tural prosperity, Kansas 

was only twenty-nine 

million dollars ahead of 

Georgia, an$ only nine 

other states outranked 


io8 FACTS ABOUT GEORGIA 

READY TO CRUNCH BETWEEN TOUR TEETH 

climate, rainfall and atmosphere in North Georgia are ideal for 

apple culture. The section varies from 1200 to 4000 feet above 

the sea level. Among these hills, the rainfall so necessary to the 

well-being of fruit orchards, approximates seventy inches an 

nually, and is for the most part well distributed. During the 

summer months the showers are frequent, supplying the needed 

moisture for rapid development and maturity, and in the late 

summer there is usually a dry spell, and always cool nights to 

bring perfect ripeness and rich color to the fruit. 

Apple growing in Georgia is both profitable and fascinating. 

A few years of planting and careful culture will bring an orchard 

into bearing, and in a few years more there are "fat pickings." 

An orchard of 20,000 six-year-old trees in Habersham County in 

1915 produced 40,000 bushels, selling net at the orchard for $1.00 

a bushel, or $1.50 a bushel delivered at various Southern cities. 

The market for apples in the South alone is practically unlimited, 

and freight advantages favor home-grown fruit. The better va 

rieties bring big prices. Of the newer varieties grown here, 

"Stark's Delicious" has gained particular fame for its delicate 

and pleasing flavor. Other choice varieties that flourish on these


hillsides are the Yellow Transparent, Red Astrachan, Red June, 

Yates, Duchess of Oldenburg, Wealthy, Rome Beauty, Winesap, 

Stayman Winesap, Grimes Golden, Kinnard, Black Twig, and 

Fort's Prize. 

Government reports gave the State in 1915 about two million 

apple trees and an annual production of less than a million 

bushels. Georgia people are beginning to appreciate apples more 

as the State produces more, and the choice varieties come onto 

the markets. Uncleared forest lands suitable for apple orchards 

may be bought for as low as $15 an acre in the mountain counties 

of Georgia, and cleared lands for from $25 upwards. Compare 

PERFECT APPLE TREE IN YEOMAN©S ORCHARD, CORNELIA 

Georgia's manufacturing 

possibilities are almost 

limitless. With raw mar 

terial of every descrip 

tion, and in untold 

quantities almost at the 

factory's doorstep, and 

abundance of reasonably 

cheap power, the de 

velopment of manufac 

turing in the state will 

depend solely on the ex 

pansion of trade and 

the reaching out and 

grasping of commercial 

opportunities. There is 

no absence of oppor 

tunities; they are plenti 

ful. It is altogether a 

question of_ taking ad 

vantage of them. We 

are on the threshold of 

the greatest foreign 

trade era this country 

has ever known, and 

Georgia, through her 

ports, is but a short 

reach from the Panama 

Canal with North Am 

erica.

Atlanta, with its 200,000 

consumers of vegetables, 

provides an excellent 

market for vegetable 

growers, as does Savan 

nah, Macon, Columbus, 

Augusta, and other cities 

of Georgia, in propor 

tion to their size. At 

•present a large percent 

age of the vegetables 

consumed in the larger 

cities of the state come 

from other states. With 

a little intensive culti 

vation these vegetables 

could be grown within 

wagon haul of the cen 

ters of population, giv 

ing employment and 

profit to 'many indus 

trious gardeners. Clima 

tic conditions in Q-eorgia 

are ideal for raising 

vegetables, berries and 

small fruits in endless 

variety. 

IIO FACTS ABOUT GEORGIA 

ARKANSAS BLACK APPLE TREES AT ADAIKSVILLE 

these prices with the $50 to $200 that are quoted for uncleared 

orchard lands in Washington State, where there is an additional 

"water right" charge of $90 an acre, and consider the long freight 

haul from the shadows of Mount Tacoma to New York City, as 

compared to the 30 hours from North Georgia, to the big metro 

politan market, and the additional fact that Georgia grows just 

as fine a fruit, and judge of the opportunity here for making a 

profitable business of apple production. 

Ten-year-old Winesap orchards in the State of Washington 

are authoritatively reported to average 12 boxes to a tree (one 

box equals seven-eights of a bushel), and in some cases are held at 

a valuation oif $2,000 an acre, while the same authority estimates 

the average value of them at $1,200 or $1,500 an acre. Numbers 

of individual orchards in Georgia can show just as good a record 

of production, and if the same careful attention is given to the 

sorting and packing, as is given by the Western growers, there

FACTS ABOUT GEORGIA in 

is no reason why a much higher price should not be obtained for 

them here as an offset to the difference in freightage. In addition 

to the fruit trees these Georgia lands may be made self-sustaining 

by planting in part in other crops and raising hogs and other 

livestock. , 

At Fayetteville in Fayette County, A. O. Blalock, who is the 

United States Internal Revenue Collector for the Atlanta District, 

has a ten-acre orchard set out about 1898 in Yates apples, a va 

riety originated in that county. Up to 1912 it had not received 

much attention, when he began spraying. The first year, with 

one spraying, the yield showed improvement. The next year, 

with two sprayings, the results were marked. In 1915, with 

three sprayings, he produced an enormous crop of beautiful, clean 

red apples, the four hundred trees averaging at least ten bushels 

each, worth a dollar a bushel. But that was not all Mr. Blalock 

got from his ten acres. Every year since he purchased the land 

J:e has raised a paying crop of cotton between the trees,, fertilizing 

heavily and cultivating right up to the tree roots, and spreading 

plenty of cow manure. Some years he has made as much as a 

bale an acre. In 1915 he made seven bales on the ten acres, 

which, with the seed, brought $700. Added to his apple crop it 

amounted to quite a handsome sum. 

Picture shows field of 52 

acres of siceet potatoes. 

averaging 180 bushels 

an acre when dug in 

August, and more later. 

These were grown by 

8. D. Reiael & Sons, 

near Griffin, who have 

made as many as 280 

bushels an acre on same 

ground. 

Sheep can be raised 

profitably all over Geor 

gia, and every farmer 

in the state may have at 

least a small fiock. 

They graze in the open 

the year around, and 

large areas of hills and 

mountain ranges pro 

vide unusual opportuni 

ties for sheep raising on 

a large scale. Gvod 

prices prevail for both 

wool and meat.


Jrecans 

Pecan growing is a new industry of great promise in Georgia. 

No more attractive proposition can be found in all horticulture. 

It not only provides an assured income, but for shade and orna 

ment pecans are the aristocrats of all trees in America, rivaling 

even the majestic oak and the graceful elm. Pecan trees are 

shapely, stately, clean, deep-rooted and long lived. They are 

natives of the Southern states and thrive throughout the entire 

cotton belt. In the Flint River valley of Georgia, in what is 

known as the Albany District, the soil and climate has been found 

to be particularly favorable to their development. Already over 

sixty thousand acres in the district are planted in pecans, which 

constitutes probably half of the total area of cultivated pecan 

groves in the country. In fact Albany, Georgia, has become the 

acknowledged hub of the pecan universe. 

The slogan of the pecan enthusiast is the advice given by a 

veteran grower some twenty-five years ago to one who became 

a pioneer in the Albany district: "Young man, set out a pecan 

grove, and when you are old it will support you." One of the 

many young men who have profitably followed this advice is 

PECAN ORCHARD AND NURSERY OF W. P. DULLARD, NEAR ALBANY

FACTS ABOUT GEORGIA "3 

J. B. Wight, of Cairo, Georgia, whose famous "Frotscher" tree, 

a mere slip when he planted it in 1892, is now sixty-six feet high, 

73 inches in circumference, has a spread of 85 feet, and for the 

last five years has yielded an average annual income of over 

$100.00 a year. A large percentage of the groves in the Albany 

district have been planted in the last ten years and many of them 

therefore are just beginning to produce. 

The pecan is a commercial wonder. The paper-shell nuts which 

is the principal variety planted about Albany, bring from 25 

cents to 75 cents a pound, although the largest thin-shelled nuts 

bring as high as $1.00 and $1.25 a pound. The demand for 

pecans is well ahead of the supply, and is rapidly increasing as 

the public comes to understand their high nutritive value, and 

sense their delicate flavor. In a recent letter to William T. Bul- 

lard, of Albany, another extensive pecan grower, and Secretary 

of the National Nut Growers' Association, Dr. J. H. Kellogg, of 

the Battle Creek Sanitarium, the recognized authority on dietetic 

subjects, says: 

"I regard the pecan as one of the very finest of nature's choice 

products. A pound of pecans contains more nourishment than 

any other known food. A pound of pecans contains as much 

protein as half a pound of meat, as much fat as three-fourths of 

"FROTSCHER" PECAN GROVE, NEAR CAIRO, GRADY COUNTY

Georgia Cantaloupes are 

rapidly gaining high 

prestige in the North 

ern markets. They Have 

four days' advantage 

over the product of the 

Pacific Coast in reach 

ing the big cities of the 

East and Middle West, 

and therefore can 6e 

delivered in the pink of 

perfect cantaloupe con 

dition. The soil, cli 

mate and other condi 

tions in Georgia are 

ideal for cantaloupes, 

and the annual acreage 

is expanding. A large 

co-operating group of 

farmers along the line 

of the A., B.


EMBOWERED IN ROSES 

in the United States is evidenced by the jump of foreign importa 

tions from three million dollars in 1909 to over thirteen and one- 

half millions in 1913. Pecans are about three-fourths oil and 

therefore richer in that respect than all other nuts. 

From five to ten acres in pecans, properly cared for, will com 

fortably support a large family. Throughout the pecan belt there 

are many individual trees worth from $500 to $1,000, based on 

eight per cent, annual income on those amounts. Twelve to 

twenty trees are planted to the ac/e, and while they are reaching 

maturity, the ground may be yielding regular annual revenue 

from cotton, corn, peas, or other crops planted between. Lands 

suited for pecan growing may be bought as low as $25 to $30 

an acre. When planted they are worth $100. An exceedingly 

The 1916 cotton crop 

of the South was gath 

ered during a rapidly 

rising market, which 

before this page went 

to press had reached 

20 cents a pound. Long 

staple, or Sea Island 

Cotton, had touched 60 

cents. Cotton seed 

found ready sale at $65 

a ton. Such prices 

are unprecedented, ex 

cept of course when 

war was rampant in 

the Cotton States. As 

a consequence, the av 

erage Georgia farmer 

has money for many 

necessities and some 

luxuries. He is buying 

improved machinery, 

and more mules, add 

ing to his land hold 

ings, planning greater 

diversification, and gen 

erally taking advantage 

of his opportunities.

Georgia has indirect 

ly paid a large propor 

tion of the cost of the 

fine white houses and 

Ug red tarns on the 

farms of the Western 

prairie states, by 'buy- 

the products of those 

farms at from 75 cents 

to $1.10 for corn; $18 

to $%5 a ton for hay, 35 

to 50 cents for outter, 

and high prices for 

packing-house meats. 

Georgia intends to have 

such homes and tarns 

of her own, and here 

with invites the prairie 

farmers to come and oc 

cupy them, and on 

Georgia soil grow all 

these and infinitely 

more, where there is a 

Ttindly climate and a 

hungry market. Sun 

shine and rain and soil 

combine in proper pro 

portions here to create 

ideal farming condi 

tions. 


safe and conservative estimate places the added value with each 

year's growth at $50 an acre. Successful pecan growing requires 

the exercise of business diligence and foresight, but no more 

attention than other fruit trees and they have fewer insect pests. 

According to their variety, the trees begin to bear in from four 

to six years after planting. 

The great commercial success attained by the Georgia pecan 

industry is due to the scientific methods of budding and grafting. 

The native pecans of Southern forests are renewed naturally 

from seedlings. Valuable time is saved and the element of un 

certainty removed by planting young trees that have been grown 

from buds or grafts. Pecans are also successfully grafted on 

native forest hickory trees, which belong to the same botanical 

species, and wonderful possibilities are predicted in that line of 

endeavor. Any farmer in Georgia may have a few profitable 

pecan trees about his place even if he does not have a commercial 

grove. 

To sum up: He who plants a pecan tree is conferring a two 

fold benefit: i. On the surrounding country as a whole in that 

it makes the climate and rainfall more uniform. One reason why 

our rainfall is becoming more irregular, and many streams which 

twenty-five years ago were unfailing, now dry up every summer, 

is that our forests are being cut down. For this reason he who 

adds even a few trees is helping to restore nature to its normal 

condition. 2. On himself and on his descendants for a hundred 

years, both in the healthy food that is provided, and the profit 

which comes from the sale of surplus nuts. 

GEORGIA CANNING CLUB GIRL


an Acre of Land Can Do 

• BY PROF. T. H. MCHATTON, 

Horticulturist, Georgia College of Agriculture. 

About the middle of July it was our privilege to visit one of 

the most progressive and up-to-date farmers of the State. This 

gentleman belongs to the old school, but has taken up many of 

the ideas of the present and is using them on his place. He is a 

large landowner and follows improved methods on all of his 

places, but has been especially attentive to two acres on his farm. 

When we arrived he was fitting one of these acres for fall 

potatoes. The land had been deeply plowed and worked to almost 

a perfect bed. Some fine black material was noticed scattered 

CORN SIXTY-EIGHT DAYS OLD—CARROLLTON, GA. 

Grape growing is a 

neglected industry in 

Georgia, that only 

awaits individual initi 

ative and some organ 

ised effort to 'become a 

source of untold profit. 

A thousand Georgia 

Mils await the vinters' 

labors. Grapes as large 

and fine as any ever 

produced in California, 

are grown on Georgia 

vines, but as yet in 

quantities too small to 

be a commercial item. 

The famed scuppernong 

grape, which flourishes 

all over the South, is a 

native of and grows 

wild in South Georgia. 

Many car loads of 

grapes are shipped each 

year to Atlanta from 

California that could 

just as well have been 

grown in Georgia.

n8 FACTS ABOUT GEORGIA 

about in and over the furrows and it looked as if it might be the 

best of rotted manure, but turned out to be mill sweepings. A 

whole carload of this had been put on the one acre, about twenty 

tons. A negro was putting fertilizer in the rows where the pota 

toes were to be planted the following day. Eight hundred pounds 

of a high-grade chemical fertilizer was being applied. After the 

planting was done a furrow was going to be opened between the 

rows, and we were told that from thirty to forty tons of barn 

yard manure was to be put in these furrows and then covered 

by listing and a smoothing implement was to be run over the whole 

so that the field would be level when the work was done. The 

variety of potatoes being planted was Lookout Mountain. 

Conversation brought out the fact that last year the owner had 

sold $800 worth of potatoes from the two acres and had at this 

time 400 bushels of onions that had come from the same two 

acres. He had refused within the week a dollar a bushel for the 

onions. These we saw, and they were certainly fine, large, smooth, 

well-shaped and well-cured. 

The rotation that had been followed on the two acres of pota 

toes last year had produced not only the potatoes, but the onions, 

and there is now on the ground a crop of cotton that should pro 

duce a bale or more per acre. 

VIEW OF HILLSIDE PEACH ORCHARD AT SUMMERVILLE, NORTH GEORGIA


The two acres together will give a gross return of from four 

teen to fifteen hundred dollars, and the owner declares that he 

hopes to make them turn in a thousand dollars apiece before he 

is through with them. This is a good gross return from land; 

when soil will grow ordinary crops of this value there is certainly 

money in farming. 

For the sake of argument let us figure on the cost of production 

on this land. The mill sweepings were worth about $20, the 

manure $40, and the fertilizer around $20 at the present time; 

this gives a grand total of $80 for the fertilizer alone per acre. 

Forty dollars should cover the cost of seed for the three crops; 

the land, valued at $300 per acre, at 10 per cent., would be $30 

for interest; another $30 should cover interest on money invested 

in stock, tools, etc., as well as wear and tear, and $50 should cover 

all labor and other expenses. These added will give a total ex 

pense of $230; cost of crates, sacks, etc., would take the whole 

to $300 per acre. The gross receipts from the acre were between 

$600 and $700, leaving a profit of at least $300 per acre to the 

grower. 

Farming on such a scale is certainly a profitable business. It is 

a wonder that more of our farmers do not build up more of their 

lands and make large profits thereon. It is a great deal better 

FIELD OF SWEET POTATOES GROWN BY A. ETLANDER, AMERICUS

I2O FACTS ABOUT GEORGIA 

to clear $300 on one acre than to make the same amount on thirty 

or forty acres. It is better for the man as well as the land. 

Authentic reports like the one above encourage all of us to a 

greater effort in our agricultural operations; they show us that 

farming is like any other business, it takes money to make any 

large amount of money. Such reports only go to show that many 

of our farms are undercapitalized, that is, there is not enough 

cash to run them as they should be handled. Truly agriculture is 

a wonderful business, otherwise we would have most all been 

broke long ago. 

Forty-Four Bushels of TiVlieat to Acre 

E. L. Wade, of Montrose, Ga., has demonstrated that Georgia 

can grow wheat as fine in quality and as much to the acre as can 

be grown in the Northwest. His record in 1915 bears comparison. 

On six acres the average yield was 36^ bushels. On one and 

one-tenth acres of the best of the land the yield was 44 bushels 

to the acre. The land was measured with a chain in order that 

the figures might be absolutely accurate. On four acres Mr. 

Wade also made an average of 78 bushels of oats, of the Fulghum 

variety. In cultivating these plots, the ground was well broken 

in the fall, subsoiled and the grains put in early. 

MONSTER PIG BUSH, MILET BRIGHT FARM, INGLESIDE


State Puolicity Campaign 

Auspices of Georgia Chamber of Commerce 

The Georgia Exhibit Cars of State Resources, the Georgia 

Motion Picture Show and the book of "Facts About Georgia," 

are co-ordinate parts of a systematic country-wide plan of pub 

licity for Georgia and her products, inaugurated by the Georgia 

Chamber of Commerce, to make known to the rest of the world 

the manifest advantages of living and laboring within Georgia©s 

wide borders. 

Georgia on \Vkeels 

The Exhibit Cars, which, after a six-month©s tour of this State, 

will travel through the entire country, North, East and West, 

for a period of five years, constitute the most substantial effort 

yet made by the chamber to advertise Georgia©s resources, and 

induce citizens of other states to invest in homes and lands in 

this State. These cars are managed and conducted by M. Leak 

and his wife, who are favorably known from coast to coast as 

OFFICIAL INAUGURATION OF EXHIBIT CARS BY GOVERNOR HARRIS AND PRESIDENT HADEN

Georgia rarely suf 

fers from, any abnormal 

weather conditions. The 

summer heat is not so 

depressing as that of 

New York, and also is 

tempered by breezes. 

The winter's cold is in 

vigorating, without 'be 

ing anywhere nearly so 

severe as the Northern 

States. Georgia pro 

duces winter crops in 

profusion where her 

people try to grow 

them. The year round 

there is no better place 

to live. There is neither 

scorching heat nor long 

spells of rigorous win 

ter weather. Perhaps 

these facts are not as 

well known as they 

should be in other sec 

tions. A common expres 

sion of surprise when 

Northerners come to 

Georgia is, "Why this 

is not at all what I ex 

pected to flnd." 


experienced exhibitionists, and who are thoroughly embued with 

the "Georgia Spirit." A crew of five men accompany the cars 

on their tour, as assistant caretakers and lecturers. The cars 

are veritable exposition palaces on wheels, and in addition to the 

exhibits, carry their own lighting and heating plants, and provide 

sleeping and eating accommodations for seven people. 

Car No. i contains carefully arranged exhibits of the agricul 

tural, mineral and industrial resources of the State of Georgia. 

It was stocked by the State Agricultural Department, and it 

required uncommon ingenuity to get anything like a representa 

tive range of products into such limited space, and to display them 

to advantage. The car is 72 feet long, and with 24 outside glass 

show-panels, presents a striking appearance. 

Car No. 2 contains the museum or natural history feature of 

the show, and this collection of specimens, gathered from the 

wide world, is valued at from ten to fifteen thousand dollars. A 

monstrous shark, 37 feet in length, is the chief item on the list 

of attractions in this car. 

"Georgia On Wheels" was officially opened for public inspec 

tion in Atlanta January 17, 1916. The picture of the cars on 

page 121 shows the Governor of the State, the President of the 

Georgia Chamber of Commerce, and other officials and leading 

citizens of the State present at the opening exercises. These gen 

tlemen declared the cars to contain a creditable exhibition, calcu 

lated to give a favorable impression of the State and its resources, 

and bespoke for them a cordial reception in whatever part of the 

world they travelled. 

FOUR BROTHERS AND THEIR FOUR PIGS


Tke Motion Picture Stow 

The Georgia Motion Picture is one of the most comprehensive 

industrial portrayals ever attempted in the motion picture line. 

It contains 8,000 feet of film and takes about two hours to run. 

The picture shows the State of Georgia from the standpoint of 

its public buildings, its cities, its agricultural resources, its- min 

eral resources, its manufacturing establishments, its cattle indus 

try, its fruit industry, and in fact every phase of life and activity 

within the State. The picture has been builded with a view to 

entertain as well as instruct and has many exciting scenes, such 

as the fire department runs, mine blasts and dangerous operations 

with stone and marble at the various granite and marble quarries 

in the State, it also has picturesque scenes taken from the moun 

tains of North Georgia to the sea coast at Savannah. 

The picture will run on a regular schedule, first through 

Georgia, and later will start on its tour through the Eastern and 

Western States. The itinerary of the picture has been made so 

that it will be shown in the same towns where the Georgia Ex 

hibit Cars are to stop, running one week ahead of the schedule 

of the cars. The picture is in charge of a competent motion 

picture man and lecturer, and is designed to acquaint the people 

of Georgia as well as of other sections of America with the 

remarkable natural and man-made possessions of this State. 

WHITE LEGHORNS. MIDDLEBEOOKS FARM, MACON 

A five-acre orchard 

of Sharp & Yeomans 

near Cornelia in 1914 

produced 750 bushels of 

marketable apples—im 

proved ShocTeleys. One 

19-year-old tree pro 

duced 49 bushels. 

•$> 

Georgia apples took 

first prise at the Inter 

national Apple Ship 

pers' Convention at 

Niagara Falls in Au 

gust, 1916. The exhibit 

was made by Louis B. 

Magid, proprietor of 

the Appalachian Or 

chards. His display of 

the Grimes Golden va 

riety opened the eyes of 

the apple world to the 

possibilities of Georgia 

in apple production. It 

is truly an ideal apple 

country.

Flour mills and grain 

elevators are fast mul 

tiplying in Georgia, 

keeping pace with in 

creased wheat acreage. 

The fall of 1916 finds 

Georgia farmers plant 

ing winter grains more 

extensively than ever 

before. Atlanta has one 

of the largest flour mills 

south of the Ohio, loith 

daily capacity of 2,000 

barrels of flour, 5,000 

bushels of meal ana 

grits, ana 70 tons of 

other feed. Two large 

mills in Macon, both 

serving a wide terri 

tory, give preference to 

home grown corn and 

wheat. In Columbus 

are two well-equipped 

flour mills, with daily 

capacities of 500 bar 

rels of flour and 8,000 

bushels of meal each. 


The Georgia State Fair at Macon 

The Georgia State Fair, field annually at Macon, under the 

auspices of the State Agricultural Society, is the only State Fair 

in existence that is self-sustaining. It is an established financial 

success, receives no government assistance, and pays the regular 

State licenses and taxes required of all shows and exhibition 

concessions. 

The sixty-second annual fair, in 1916, was the largest agricultural 

and live stock exhibition ever held in the South. Most of the 

twenty separate county exhibits would have made creditable fairs 

by themselves. Among the individual exhibits were 465 hogs of 

all classes, and 438 cattle, -both beef and dairy, including the finest 

herd of Shorthorns in the United States, in open competition for 

cash premiums. The permanent fair grounds are spacious and 

include a mile race course. The buildings are substantial and 

conveniently grouped. The officers of the Fair Association are: 

Julius H. Otto, president; Chas. B. Lewis, treasurer; Harry C. 

Robert, secretary and general manager. 

The Georgia State Fair was organized under an oak tree at 

Stone Mountain, DeKalb county, in 1846, and was held at Stone 

Mountain annually for three years, after which, with several 

intervening years at Atlanta, Savannah, Valdosta, etc., the per 

manent meeting place was established at Macon. There is a 

legend that at the first fair at Stone Mountain, there were only 

two exhibits, a jackass and a large pumpkin. The groom of the 

jack was a negro of 84 years, who had been a personal attendant 

of George Washington. The story goes that the groom fell 

asleep, the jack jumped the fence, ate the pumpkin and took to 

the woods, whereupon the fair was declared officially adjourned 

for the year. 

Southeastern Fair at Atlanta 

The Southeastern Fair at Atlanta was organized under the 

auspices of the Atlanta Chamber of Commerce as a permanent 

annual agricultural and industrial exhibition, modeled after the 

famous Canadian National Exposition at Toronto, and the Fair 

at Dallas, Texas. It has been planned on a broad scale, and 

while two large permanent buildings were completed that year 

in time to hold there the usual corn and pig club show and an 

exhibit of Hereford cattle, the first complete exhibition on the 

new site was in the fall of 1916, when a number of substantial 

buildings had been added, a mile race track completed and the 

grounds extensively improved.


Lakewood Park, the site of the fair, covers 380 acres of natural 

' wood and meadow lands, with a beautiful lake of 62 acres. It is 

an ideal fair ground, and easy of access from the city by several 

boulevards and street car lines. The race track is con 

structed around the lake, the slope of the surrounding hillsides 

providing a huge natural amphitheater. The lake and track will 

provide an immense outdoor stage for spectacular pageants. 

The City of Atlanta, the County of Fulton and the citizens 

supplied $300,000 to put into buildings and improvements, with 

out indebtedness. The project originated with and is sponsored 

by the Atlanta Chamber of Commerce, and is a development of 

the annual corn show that has been held in that city for several 

years. Its plans are securely laid for a permanent fair of con 

siderable magnitude and of lasting benefit to the whole South. 

It is the purpose of the Fair management to encourage agricul 

tural, horticultural and live stock production by offering liberal 

cash premiums, to promote the work of the boys' corn and the 

girls' canning clubs, and, through a special educational department, 

to foster a quickened interest in these subjects in the schools. 

The officers of the Southeastern Fair are H. G. Hastings, presi 

dent, and R. M. Striplin, general manager. 

County and District Fairs 

In addition to the Georgia State Fair at Macon and the South 

eastern Fair at Atlanta, the following district and county fairs 

are held annually in the State: 

Agricultural Fair, Hahira, W. W. Webb, president. 

A. & M. Fair, Carrpllton, John Matthews, secretary. 

Bartow County Fair, Cartersville, B. C. Sloan, secretary. 

Butts County Fair, Jackson, J. O. Gaston, commissioner. 

Coffee County Fair, Douglas, J. W. Quincy, chairman. 

Third Agricultural Dist. Fair, P. A. Fenimore, Sec.-Mgr., Americus. 

Decatur Co. Fair, Bainbridge, Quimby Melton, Secretary. 

Dooly Co. Fair, Vienna, C. B. Culpepper, Secretary. 

East Georgia Fair, Washington, J. Luke Burdett, secretary. 

Four Counties Fair, Commerce, J. F. Shannon, secretary. 

Georgia-Carolina Fair, Augusta, F. E. Beane, secretary. 

Georgia-Florida Fair, Valdosta, J. M. Ashley, secretary. 

Gordon County Fair, Calhoun, H. J. Roff, secretary. 

Griffin-Spaulding Fair, Griffin, E. P. Bridges, secretary. 

Haralson County Fair, Bremen, E. C. Welch, secretary. 

Hart County Fair, Hartwell, J. H. Warren, secretary. 

Lee County Fair, Leesburg, J. G. Pruet, president. 

Murray County Fair, Eton, E. H. Beaver, secretary. 

North Georgia Fair, Winder, G. W. Woodruff, manager. 

Savannah Fair, Savannah, George R. Herbert, general manager. 

Southwest Ga. Fair, Donalsonville, W. H. Van Landingham, sec. 

Tattnall County Fair, Reidsville, L. M. Rhoden, secretary. 

Taylor County Fair, Butler, Ira Chambers, secretary. 

Terrell County Fair, Dawson, Mrs. L. Lomor, secretary. 

Troup County Fair, LaGrange, V. R. O'Neal, secretary. 

Twelfth District Fair, Dublin, Ross Jordan, manager. 

Walton County Fair, Monroe, Eugene Baker, secretary. 

Wayne County Fair, Jesup, B. D. Purcell, secretary. 

Whitfield County Fair, Dalton, H. L. Smith, chairman. 

The famous Pied 

mont ridge extends 

from Atlanta to and 

through the east side 

of Decatur in the south 

east corner of the State. 

In Decatur county it is 

325 feet above the sea 

level. One could travel 

on this ridge from At 

lanta to the Florida- 

Alabama corner with 

out crossing any 

stream. This can be ver 

ified by the state map. 

The lands on this ridge 

are comparatively level, 

with a pebbly clay 

formation, extremely 

productive and with 

plenty of good water, 

clear and healthful; the 

wells running at about 

44 feet in depth. In 

this superb climate old 

age holds no terrors.


Tke Negro Schools of Atlanta 

BY EDWARD T. WARE. 

Atlanta offers exceptional advantages in education for the 

youth of the negro race. Its geographical location, easy accessi 

bility by rail, and healthful climate, have led several denomina 

tions to establish here their most important negro schools. There 

are six large, well-established, private institutions representing 

altogether a property amounting to about two millions of dollars, 

and enrolling not less than twenty-three hundred students. A 

little over half of this number are residents of Atlanta and the 

rest come from far and wide throughout the South. About ten 

per cent, of these students are of college grade. x 

The oldest, Atlanta University, was founded under the auspices 

of the American Missionary Association in 1867. It possesses a 

beautiful site in the western part of the city. The plant consists 

of seven well-equipped brick buildings and a large campus. This 

institution is co-educational and enrolls about five hundred stu 

dents. Its graduates are sought everywhere as teachers, and 

furnish the majority of the Atlanta negro public school teachers. 

FORTY ACRES OF PIMENTO PEPPERS, 200 BUSHELS TO ACRE, MACK REIGEL, GRIFFIN


On an adjacent hill there are two institutions supported by the 

American Baptist Home Missionary Society—Spelman Semi 

nary, with an enrollment of 725 girls, and Morehouse College 

with an enrollment of 355 boys. The seventy students of college 

grade in these two institutions meet together, thus avoiding dupli 

cation. Spelman Seminary has ten brick buildings and Morehouse 

College has four. Both schools are surrounded by attractive, 

well-kept grounds. 

In South Atlanta are two institutions controlled by the Meth 

odist Episcopal Church—Clark University and Gammon The 

ological Seminary. These adjoin each other and own a beautifully 

wooded tract of several hundred acres. The enrollment at Clark 

University is 200, and at Gammon Seminary, 65. Connected 

with the former is the Thayer Home, managed by the Woman's 

Home Missionary Society of the Methodist Church, and accom 

modating 41 girls for home training in the various branches of 

domestic science. 

In the eastern part of the city Morris Brown University is 

located. This institution is controlled by the African Methodist 

Episcopal Church, and is an interesting and valuable demon 

stration of what negroes can do for themselves, as it is officered 

and taught entirely by members of the controlling denomination. 

SQUASHES, FABM OF MRS. C. G. KOL'N'TREE, EGYPT

Big stores are not 

unusual in ~big cities, 

tout Georgia has the dis 

tinction of having prob 

ably the biggest store 

in the whole country, 

in proportion to the 

size of the town in 

which it is located. The 

city of Pelham, in 

Mitchell county, Cfa., 

had a population of 

1880 by last census. 

Looming above the city, 

and dominating the 

agricultural landscape 

for miles around, is the 

model department store 

building of the Hand 

Trading Company, 

which does an annual 

business of $£,500,000. 

The structure cost 

nearly $500,000. Its 

founder in 1876, Hon. J. 

L. Hand, died in 1916. 

He had hel'd many po 

sitions of high honor in 

the State's service. 


There are 480 students. Opportunity is afforded for training 

not only in academic subjects from the grades to the college but 

also in printing, tailoring, nurse-training, sewing, etc. 

These institutions have done much to raise the standard of 

scholarship and efficiency among the Southern negroes. Their 

graduates may be found as teachers in all parts of the South. 

The theological training at Gammon Seminary as well as in the 

theological departments of Morehouse College and Morris Brown 

University, have done much to increase the intelligence and 

effectiveness of the negro ministry. If a girl wishes to become 

a trained nurse she may study at Spelman Seminary, which is 

provided with an excellent hospital, or at Morris Brown Uni 

versity. Atlanta University has especially good equipment for 

manual training and domestic arts. Spelman Seminary gives 

particular attention to training of teachers and Christian workers. 

Probably the most valuable contribution these instituions make 

to public welfare is the preparation of young men and women 

for effective service among their people, chiefly as teachers. Upon 

the earnestness and efficiency of the graduates of these schools 

depend the establishment and maintenance of wholesome com 

munity life among the negroes. Largely upon them as teachers 

depends the success of the negro public school system. The 

success of the graduates in these matters is encouraging. These 

six schools in Atlanta perform a service for which not only the 

colored people but also the city and the State are indebted. 

GEORGIA SWEET POTATOES


Cotton \Varehousing Facilities 

The marketing of cotton is undergoing a revolution through 

the construction of new fireproof warehouses at central points 

and of unprecedented capacity, combined with special facilities 

for financing. One of these new enterprises, operated by the 

Atlanta Warehouse Company, at Atlanta, is rapidly enlarging its 

capacity to cover an area of 40 acres and provide storage for 

250,000 bales. When completed, according to present plans, it 

will represent an investment of $1,300,000. Another, to cost a 

million dollars, is in process of organization at Savannah. 

The Atlanta warehouses are constructed of reinforced concrete, 

provide for future double decking, will have four and one-half 

miles of private railroad tracks, an overhead trolley system for 

handling the bales quickly and economically, include a compress 

of fifty per cent, higher density than that of the compresses in 

ordinary use, and will have an additional storage capacity of 

227,000 feet for general merchandise. The advantage of this 

high density compress is shown by the fact that it effects a saving 

of $1.00 a bale in ocean freight charges. Automatic sprinklers 

and electric fire alarms supplement the special construction, 

enables the insurance companies to make the exceptionally low 

rate of 20 cents per $100, which means only 10 cents a bale for 

insurance for a year. 

The methods adopted for handling the cotton make possible 

an unusually low storage charge, and the warehouse company 

provides extraordinary facilities for financing farmers or mer 

chants on their stored cotton or other merchandise, and acts as 

a factor in selling for their account. The possibility of securing 

such extensive storage capacity means much to the business inter 

ests of the State. One item of storage in the new general ware 

house at Atlanta is 1,000 automobiles owned by one concern, 

while another item is 4,000 cases of spaghetti. 

Hog Industry a Science 

The hog industry has become a science in Brooks county, 

Georgia, having ten or fifteen years ago passed the experimental 

stage. Such farmers in that county as John M. Stanley, E. J. 

Young, W. T. Galden, and scores of others, have demonstrated 

beyond the shadow of a doubt that hogs can be raised in Georgia, 

to the average weight of 150 pounds a hog, at a cost of 2^ cents 

to y/i cents a pound. The situation in Brooks county is very 

little different from what it can be made in dozens of other 

counties in the State, and is simply due to the fact that the Brooks 

In its Boys' Corn 

Clubs, Georgia has the 

largest enrollment of 

any State of the Union. 

It also has the largest 

number of farmers, 

farmers' wives and 

farm boys and girls en 

gaged in organized ef 

forts for agricultural 

improvement. Accord 

ing to the latest official 

report, forty-one thou 

sand rural people in 

Georgia were doing def 

inite work of this char 

acter. That is a record 

to be proud of. It 

means that our human 

resources, which are of 

all the most important, 

have been enlisted, in a 

systematic plan for the 

State's progress and up 

building. The results 

are already manifest.

In recent years the 

average yield of corn 

in Georgia has in 

creased approximately 

five bushels to the acre, 

and the output of grain 

and food stuffs gener 

ally has grown millions 

of dollars in value. Our 

harvests are not only 

more bountiful than be 

fore, but also more va 

ried, each season hav 

ing its own peculiar 

crops, and its assured 

sources of income. The 

State still lacks much 

of being self-sustaining 

in food supplies, but it 

is a great deal more so 

thqn it was a few years 

ago, and it is moving 

steadily towards com 

plete independence. 

Everywhere there is 

room for more doers of 

things worth while. 


county farmers went into the hog business in a definite way from 

twenty-five to forty years ago, and after years of experience have 

reduced hog raising to a scientific proposition. In the year 1915 

the farmers of the county marketed 2,186,750 pounds of cured 

ham and bacon and sold on the feet about 75 carloads of live hogs 

to the agents of packing houses. 

The farmers of Brooks county have for twenty-five years had 

their own cold storage plants on each farm, and twenty years 

ago were having ice shipped from Savannah, a distance of over 

100 miles, for use in their cold storage plants. These plants 

were the first individual farm cold storage plants in America, 

and in the summer of 1915 the United States Government sent 

experts to Brooks county to investigate the cold storage plants 

of farmers in Brooks county and made drawings of same to be 

used in a bulletin of the government to be issued some time during 

1916. The individual cold storage plants of farmers of Brooks 

county accommodate from 50,000 to 100,000 pounds of meat 

at one time, and regardless of weather conditions they never lose 

any of their meat. 

The Brooks county ham has become famous, and is used by 

hotels and restaurants from Virginia to Texas. In 1916 the 

demand for these hams more than doubled the supply. The hogs 

are run on peanut fields up to about one month of killing time, 

when they are put on a strictly corn diet to harden the meat. 

The diet of peanuts gives the meat a rich nutty flavor regarded 

by many as much superior to the strictly corn-fed hog. 

Brooks county has successful farmers from all parts of the 

nation, among them men from Iowa, Missouri, North Carolina, 

Florida and Mississippi. 

In order to standardize the ham product the Brooks County 

Industrial Club early in the year 1915 reached an agreement with 

the buyers in Quitman, the county seat, whereby all hams were 

to be bought on a grade basis, and a set of rules and regulations 

governing these grades was prepared, printed and posted all over 

the county, establishing three grades—first, second and' third. 

The merchants pledged the Industrial Club to pay a certain per 

cent, higher for first grade than second, and for second grade 

above third. This movement has greatly improved the grade of 

Brooks county hams, as previously the hams were not properly 

trimmed in instances, and parts of the bone left on which should 

have been taken off to make the same a standard article. 

What has been accomplished in the hog industry in Brooks 

county is possible in at least fifty per cent, of the counties in 

Georgia. The industry in that county started about forty years 

ago, from the efforts of one man who came from North Carolina 

and went into the raising of hogs.


Peanut Oil ana Soy Bean Oil 

A new and extremely promising industry is open to farmers 

in Georgia in growing peanuts and soy beans for the oil trade. 

Both these crops are of oil value equal if not superior to cotton 

seed, and the oil mills are encouraging their planting, since cotton 

acreage has been so largely reduced from economic causes as well 

as on account of the spread of the boll weevil pest. Both crops 

are raised extensively in Georgia, but heretofore mainly for feed 

purposes, and both thrive wonderfully well wherever cotton will 

grow, and that is all over the State. 

In the wiregrass country, otherwise South Georgia, peanuts 

are colloquially known as pinders, and for making pork the pinder 

field is the pasture par excellence. The United States census 

reports for 1910 credited Georgia with a peanut acreage of 

160,000. It is estimated that the number of acres planted in 

peanuts in the State in 1916 will be at least double that number. 

They are cheaper to raise and harvest than cotton, and while the 

average yield is about 35 bushels an acre, it can easily be brought 

up to 60 or 75 bushels, and 100 bushels an acre are not uncom 

mon. The price paid by the mills is necessarily controlled by 

the big commercial peanut markets of Norfolk, Shreveport and 

St. Louis, but runs from 60 to 75 cents a bushel. In addition 

to the nuts, the peanut hay, of which there should be at least a 

ton to the acre, brings from $15 to $20 a ton. 

The United States imports upwards of one and a half million 

gallons of peanut oil a year. It imported 16,360,425 pounds of 

soy bean oil in 1914. Thirty gallons of oil is the average crush 

ing from a ton of beans. After the oil is extracted the by-product 

of peanuts or soy beans in the form of meal is of equal value to 

that of cotton seed, as feed for cattle as well as for fertilizer. 

New mills are being established in a number of counties in the 

State, especially for crushing the peanut and soy bean crops of 

.the farmers of their communities. It is even possible to obtain 

domestic mills for home grinding of soy beans, the meal of the 

mellow yellow variety of which is considered by many people 

to be superior to corn meal for muffins,and cakes. 

Viewed Iry an Iowa Farmer 

Early in 1915, A. Horswell, who calls himself a "full fledged 

lowan," having lived and farmed in Iowa for 35 years, spent a 

month or so in Georgia, investigating conditions with a view to 

taking up farm lands and making his home here. He was satisfied 

with the prospect and is arranging to make the move. His investi- 

The extension service 

of the State College of 

Agriculture has in eight 

years accomplished won 

ders in Georgia. The 

county agents in farm 

demonstration have 

started alfalfa fields all 

over the State. They 

have introduced clover, 

vetch, cowpeas, velvet 

beans, soy beans, and 

other soil building 

crops, where they had 

never been grown be 

fore. Purebred live 

stock have been brought 

in, more than 50,000 

hogs have been inocu 

lated for cholera by 

these agents during the 

past year, when 222 

silos had been built, 

waterworks, light plants 

have been installed, and 

a vast amount of other 

helpful service ren 

dered.


gations covered particularly the counties of Clinch, Liberty, 

Wayne, Bryan, Chatham and Effingham, in South Georgia, and 

to this section he refers when he says: "I have unbounded faith 

in its future. As I have stated, the soil and the climate are first- 

class. The expense of drainage and clearing are all in reach of 

a man who wants a farm home. The close proximity to the 

markets of the world by water and the many railroads inter 

locking the section, with just one-half the push and energy we 

of the Northern states were compelled to put forth in order to 

get our crops in in season (for our seasons are so very short), 

and keep from freezing to death, why, sir, we would have been 

in paradise, compared to what we had to go through." 

Continuing, Mr. Horswell said: "In developing the above lands 

you have a great advantage over us. For at the time we devel 

oped our new lands in the Northwest, we were a long way from 

the markets. We were compelled to wait for the railroads to 

build to us, while you have the markets of the world at your very 

door, both water and railroad transportation, especially the water 

transportation which brings the New York markets within your 

touch." 

Regarding Florida lands he had recently investigated, Mr. 

Horswell remarked: "I would much prefer Georgia for general 

AN ACRE OF CABBAGES,*P. LTTCAS, BLOOMINGDALE


diversified farming. The climate of Georgia is much better for 

live stock, and also the soil, on account of the changes in the 

seasons. All live stock is better for some winter. The frost also 

killing the insects is a great help to the crops." 

Mr. Horswell's observations on the negro labor question are 

of interest. "When I left home," he said, "I would have said, 

'If I locate in the South I want Northern help.' Since coming 

here I have changed my mind. The negro is certainly a part of 

the South, and one of its great assets. I would not care to 

educate the older ones to my ways, but I feel sure I could the 

younger ones, and would soon teach them to do their work as 

required of them." 

Cow Pea Hay 

Near Adrian, J. M. G. Scruggs sowed sixty acres to oats, and 

gathered fifty-three tons of oat hay, after which he sowed to 

peas and cut one hundred and seventy tons of peavine hay the 

first cutting, and twelve tons the second cutting. This latter he 

hauled to his barn, selling the former 170 tons, and the 53 tons 

for $24.50 a ton, aggregating $3,810. He had used no fertilizer. 

SOT BEANS ON FARM OF W. C. LEWIS, HOUSTON COUNTY

The 1916 record of 

the Home Economic 

branch of the Georgia 

Agricultural Col 

lege Extension Service 

showed nearly four 

thousand girls in can 

ning clubs. Fourteen 

Hundred girls turned in 

complete reports show 

ing that they had can 

ned 1,268,000 pounds of 

tomatoes which they 

grew on one-tenth acre 

tracts. The commercial 

value of these products 

was approximately $SO,- 

000. The club members 

also put up many thou 

sand jars of blackberry 

jam, fig preserves, cat 

sup, and fruit juice. 

The county agents vis 

ited 8,419 homes, held 

3,082 meetings that 

were attended by 85,077 

people. They distrib 

uted 14,938 bulletins 

and 13,164 letters were 

sent out. 


From a Jersey Cattle Enthusiast 

There is a big field for dairying and the raising of dairy cattle 

in Georgia. Ralph W. Northcutt, of Marietta, among other suc 

cessful lines of endeavor, is a Jersey cattle enthusiast. His letter 

to "Facts About Georgia," telling of his experience, may inspire 

others to enter that profitable field here. Mr. Northcutt writes: 

"About eleven years ago I was in Kentucky trying to find me a 

saddle horse and while there ran across an old Jersey cow which 

appealed to me and which I bought and had shipped home with 

the horse. I had no idea at that time of going in the Jersey busi 

ness, but this cow proved to be such a good one that in some way 

I soon caught what is known as the 'Jersey fever' and decided 

to build up a small herd of first-class registered Jerseys, and 

following up this decision, I commenced to purchase first-class 

animals wherever I could find one that suited me, and in this way 

in the course of three or four years, I had gotten together a herd 

of Jerseys that I consider first-class in every respect. 

"I have animals on my place from the Island of Jersey, from 

New York State, from Massachusetts, and in fact from every 

place where Jerseys are bred and raised. I did not start on the 

show circuit with my herd until the year 1913, at which time I 

got up a nice show string and sent them to Macon, Georgia, to 

the Georgia State Fair. I won that year in Macon every single 

entry which I entered for, winning both sweepstakes, ten firsts, 

three seconds and one third, and the third was won by my enter 

ing three cows in one class and winning i, 2, 3 on them. My 

success in Macon in 1913 naturally made me rather enthusiastic 

in showing my stuff at the fairs, and I have therefore shown in 

Macon and Birmingham every year since-then and have always 

carried off my share of the ribbons. Some of my competitors 

think that I have gotten a little more than my share. 

"The Jersey cow seems to be admirably suited to the conditions 

in Georgia. I have never lost but one cow on my place and this 

I consider is rather remarkable. I sell my milk here in Marietta 

and can not near supply the demand which I have for it. I get 

from $50.00 to $200.00 for my bull calves and from $100.00 up 

for the heifers, and can always find sale for more of these than 

I have to offer. 

"Taking these facts into consideration, I can not understand 

why all the Georgia farmers who raise cows at all do not raise reg 

istered Jerseys, because a calf from a registered Jersey cow is 

always worth the price above mentioned. I have ten heifers on 

my place now which I have refused to put prices on .and which 

I am going to keep to show on the circuit next year. These


heifers are worth at least three hundred dollars apiece. However, 

as above stated, they are not for sale. I am breeding them now to 

a young bull which I raised and am expecting great things from 

them. 

"I feel sure that anyone in Georgia that will give the matter 

some thought can have the same success that I have had and am 

having, and I do not know of any occupation that is more pleasant 

to follow, especially to one who loves Jerseys, than the breeding 

and raising of them." 

Beef Cattle Bring Handsome Profits 

To demonstrate the advantages in beef production under Geor 

gia conditions and to determine what profits could be reasonably 

expected, 33 native cattle were bought by the State Agricultural 

College, dehorned and cleaned of ticks. On silage, cotton seed 

meal and oat straw the cattle were fed for .100 days and were 

then sold for beef at Richmond, Va. The profits on the invest 

ment were 26 per cent., or at the rate of 79 per cent, per annum. 

The 33 cattle were bought for $534. They were fed seven tons 

of cotton seed meal bought at $26.93 Per ton, making the cost of 

this item of food $188.50. Fifty-three tons of silage costing $2 

per ton made another item cost $106. It cost $5.11 per head to 

market the cattle, which covers freight, feed in transit, weighing, 

telegrams and commission. 

Twenty-two head of the cattle brought $913.12, nine brought 

$250.41, one proved to be with calf and sold for $22.50, one died 

and the hide brought $5.00. The actual net profit was $215.86, 

made in only roo days on an investment of $534- 

No charge was made for labor, the farmer doing the feeding, 

taking the manure for the labor. Nor was any charge made for 

oatstraw, this being donated by the farmer who previously had 

burned it to get it out of his way. 

The cost for marketing was unusually high, and ordinarily 

most of this cost could be eliminated by selling to nearer markets. 

Had all the feeders been steers the profits would have been 

greater, 22 steers having sold for an average of $42.50 per head, 

while seven cows and two stags averaged $14.73 IGSS Per head. 

The loss of one steer cut profits, but such loss might be said to be 

representative and to be considered when undertaking such an 

enterprise. 

With cotton seed meal to be had at a comparatively low cost, 

and cattle bringing the highest prices on record, how can you keep 

from building a silo and getting into the business of beef raising 

in Georgia, where stock feed can be grown so cheaply, and the 

winter housing problem is not known? 

A new enterprise was 

recently started in Al 

bany, Ga., to make 

white ash shovel han 

dles, beginning with a 

capacity of four hun 

dred dozen a day. At 

last accounts its orders 

were far ahead of its 

ability to manufacture. 

•$> 

On the Glynn County 

Farm, on less than an 

acre, in 1916, with the 

ordinary labor of the 

poor wards, 13,819 

pounds of cabbages 

were raised. The best 

of them, sent to a com 

mission house in At 

lanta, netted the county 

$274.01. The surplus 

provided ample food for 

men and hogs on the 

farm for some time. 

Thousands of acres in 

Glynn County await 

the enterprise of truck 

farmers.


Cost or Pork Production 

G. V. Cunningham, District Agent of the United States Bureau 

of Plant Industry, Farmers' Co-Operative Demonstration Work, 

located at Tifton, Ga., in a letter to the Georgia Chamber of 

Commerce, said: 

"In reply to your request for information as to the cost of 

growing hogs in South Georgia, I beg to state that if they are 

• grown in a business-like way, where the parties have sufficient 

capital to do it right, using natural grazing on forest lands in 

sections like Wayne and Clinch counties, (those being the coun 

ties you particularly inquired about), growing hogs in quantities 

of 1,000 or more and supplementing the range at all seasons, 

which is possible, with forage crops like rape, velvet beans, 

lespedeza, bur clover, alsike clover, red clover and grasses suited 

to that section, also sorghum cane, Japanese cane and potatoes, 

finishing with corn the last four weeks, the hogs can be brought 

to an average weight of 150 pounds each at a total cost of 2^2 

cents a pound, on foot. This includes using serum to prevent 

cholera. My opinion on this point is based on practically all my 

life having been spent in Northern Florida and Southern Georgia 

and dealing with farm conditions in these sections." 

BERKSHIRE BOAR ON FAIRVIEW FARM, PALMETTO


Stock Farming in Polk County 

Near Cedartown, S. C. Bailey has a large farm where he raises 

horses, mules, colts, Jersey cows, sheep and hogs. A short time 

ago he wrote: 

"In regard to my farming here, would say, that when I came 

to Polk county, Georgia, seventeen years ago, I was in debt about 

$1,000. I purchased my home place on time payments and have 

not only paid for the same, but have added to my original invest 

ment other farms, two of which I have bought since you were 

here, making in all 1,630 acres, and fed that I have made a 

success. This, every farmer, with thrift and energy and careful 

management can do with the splendid resources a kind Providence 

has so bountifully bestowed upon our Southland. 

"During the last two and one-half years I have added stock 

raising in a small way and find that it pays handsomely, as our 

lands are well adapted to that industry. Besides the natural 

grasses, we can raise Bermuda, clover, alfalfa, etc., which make 

splendid pastures for all kinds of stock raising, and best of all 

we have an abundance of pure water. We can raise mules and 

horses very cheaply, which are worth in the markets to-day from 

$175 to $250 at three and four years old. I have no fancy breeds, 

but simply raise the native stock." 

ALFALFA HAY AND DAIRY HERD, DR. F. M. CARSON, GRIFFIN

On a ten-acre tract a 

few miles from Macon, 

on indifferent looking 

land, an enterprising 

truck grower made over 

$5,000 net in 1916. He 

rotated Ms crops and 

kept the ground ousy 

from early spring to 

late fall, and then had 

collards and other win 

ter greens. Perforated 

pipes, set on posts fifty 

feet apart, provided 

cheap irrigation, sup 

plied from a brook by 

a small gasoline engine. 

This made him inde 

pendent of rainfall. 

Hucksters from Macon 

bought the growing 

stuff on the ground and 

gathered it as it ripen 

ed. Thousands of fer 

tile acres, near the 

large cities in Georgia 

provide equal opportu 

nities for others. 


MVoman is Soutk's Ckampion Farmer 

The honorable title of champion farmer of the entire Southeast 

was awarded at the Southeastern Fair in Atlanta in 1915, to a 

Georgia farmer. It was not a mere man this time who carried 

off the grand awards, but a woman, Mrs. W. W. Monk, of Syl 

vester, Worth county. Mrs. Monk is the owner and operator of 

several model farms in different sections of the State, and is her 

own manager. Anti-suffragists, please give attention, and you, 

man, look to your laurels! Mrs. Monk's exhibits won all three 

of the grand prizes: $100 for taking the largest number of single 

prizes, $50 for taking the most farm product awards, and $50 for 

taking the most domestic product awards. Here is a challenge to 

the plucky and energetic women of the North to come to Georgia, 

and on equal ground, and with assurances of that courtesy and 

respect which Georgians, in common with all true gentlemen, have 

for the sex, compete in the honorable field of agriculture for the 

grandest prizes in life. 

Ideal Farm Estate 

Between Rockmart and Cartersville is a noted group of pros 

perous farms. These lands contain an abundance of lime. On 

the Etowah River, near Cartersville, J. W. L. Brown has an 

ideal farm estate, where nature has been unusually lavish in her 

bounties, and scientific methods of cultivation are making the 

most of the opportunities. His home and barns are on an eleva 

tion overlooking a great bend in the river, embracing about 500 

acres of rich bottom lands that yield immense crops of grain, 

corn and cotton. Over 2,500 acres of fertile hill lands are also 

under cultivation. Mr. Brown farms nearly altogether with 

white tenants, having 22 white families and only one colored on 

his place. He raises Southdown sheep extensively, and many 

hogs, and is preparing to branch out into the beef cattle industry 

on a large scale. 

Secretary of Agriculture Houston says: "In point of climate 

and in length of grazing season the South has a material advan 

tage over the rest of the nation." 

Chicago Man Now Georgia Farmer 

W. S. Sheppard, a successful farmer of Fort Valley, who came 

to Georgia from Chicago, purchased a 454 acre plot in 1901, 

assuming a debt of $7,500. Eight years later he wrote: 

"I have since paid that debt, purchased over $2,500 worth of 

mules, farming implements, etc., built a number of cabins, barns,


cribs, and a house that cost more than $2,000, lived as well as I 

could ask to live anywhere in the world, all of which has been 

paid out of the proceeds of the plantation. I have made no 

specialty of anything, except that each crop must stand or fall in 

the light of results from it. Diversified farming, together with 

peaches and asparagus, covers the effort with me, and each has 

contributed very materially to the whole." 

Regarding Georgia climate, Mr. Sheppard says: 

"I want to especially stress the healthfulness of this section of 

Georgia and what I say with reference to this section will apply 

to all sections of the State where there is a pure .water supply. 

I moved to the State in 1895, and my family consisted of four 

members. Since that time I have not paid one dollar for doctor 

bills, except in cases in no wise due to location or climatic condi 

tions. Strange as it may seem, my son and his wife from Chicago 

spent two weeks with us the first of last August, and each of 

them will bear me out in the statement that real Georgia summer 

is preferable to the sweltering heat of Chicago with its beautiful 

lake front and muchly advertised 'breeze.'" 

Profit in Small Acreage 

A few exceptional acres of land in almost any part of Georgia, 

under intensive culture, enriched with stable manure and pea- 

vines turned under, will grow two bountiful crops a year—say 

oats and cotton, onions and potatoes, corn, velvet beans and pea 

nuts, rye and rape followed by cotton, wheat for the chickens, 

followed perhaps by Egyptian wheat for the same purpose, will 

make a prosperous farm. They can be made to yield a return 

of $200 an acre. J. Gid Morris, at the Belmont Farm, near 

Smyrna, Cobb county, has shown how this can be done. On six 

acres he gets an annual yield of above $300 an acre. 

Mr. Morris made a record crop in 1915, realizing $1,371.95 

from two acres planted in oats, followed by onions and potatoes. 

Of oats he got 65 bushels, bringing him $48.75 in the spring. The 

onion crop following amounted to 180 crates, for which he re 

ceived $1.60 a crate, and of Irish potatoes he could proudly boast 

of 516 bushels, which brought $2.00 a bushel when sold for seed. 

In all fairness it must be explained that Mr. Morris is one of 

the most intensive farmers in the State, sparing no expense in 

fertilizing and cultivating, and that his "Belmont Farm" was for 

many years one of the largest poultry farms in the country; and 

the old chicken runs are rich in droppings, to all of which he 

adds many loads of leaves and woods earth, mixed with stable 

manure. 

R. N. Nolan, near 

Brunswick, in Glynn 

county, in 1915, made 

550 bushels of Bermuda 

onions on one acre of 

land. They netted him 

$830.00, an average of 

more than $1.50 a 

'bushel. Some of the 

larger ana finer onions 

'brought as high as $S.OO 

a bushel. , 

At Hahira, in Lowndes 

county, in 1916, TV. D. 

McMillan cleared $170 

on a half acre tract. His 

crops were cabbages, 

onions and Irish pota 

toes followed 'by cotton, 

of which he made one 

bale. Oats followed the 

cotton, with a product 

of fifty bushels. He had 

put the green cotton 

seed back on the land 

as fertilizer.


New York State Dairy Farmer Tells 

of Advantages in Georgia 

George Hartshorn came to Georgia about 1895 from Newburgh, 

N. Y., which is the center of the famous dairy industry of 

Orange county. The story of his experience in dairy farming 

near Griffin, Ga., since 1901 is of intense interest. Mr. Hartshorn 

says: 

"I have a herd of thirty-nine head, about half Holstein grades 

and half Jersey grades. I have a registered Holstein bull, and 

some of my cows are three-quarters grade Holstein. I am a 

great beliver in Holstein cattle for dairying in this section. My 

Holstein cows will average four gallons per day, and some of 

them have given six gallons per day for five months on a stretch. 

My product is marketed locally in Griffin as whole milk, butter 

milk, cream and butter. The morning's milk is all sold as whole 

milk, and the evening's is partly sold in the shape of cream or 

butter. The milk is retailed for 10 cents per quart, cream for 

thirty cents per quart, and butter for thirty cents per pound the 

year round. 

"The first year I started in the dairy business I had an unfor 

tunate experience with the Texas fever ticks, but I soon learned 

FIELD OF TOM WATSON WATERMELONS, HOUSTON COUNTY


how to grease my cattle with cottonseed oil, and I have had no 

trouble for the last five years. 

"I can pasture my cows about nine months, and during the 

months of December, January, and February they are on part 

pasture; in the summer, in addition to pasture, I feed a ration 

of about five pounds of cottonseed meal and ten pounds of hulls, 

and in winter I feed about the same rations with all the silage 

they will eat. 

"I find that I can produce such cheap feed in the shape of fod 

der, corn and sorghum and can put up silage so cheaply that I have 

been gradually cutting down my pasture and doing more stall 

feeding. I plant a variety of corn for silage called Mexican 

June, and it makes five to fifteen tons of ensilage per acre. It is 

the tallest corn I ever saw, some of the stalks reaching fifteen and 

sixteen feet in height, and the amount of silage it makes to the 

acre depends on the land and the season as well as the amount of 

fertilizer and work put upon it. My land has been so enriched 

by the cattle that it will yield three times what it would six years 

ago. Some of my land when I bought it would not grow more 

than a quarter or a third of a bale of cotton per acre, but last 

season the same land made a bale to the acre. I paid $18.00 per 

acre for my land in 1900, and have since refused $120 per acre 

FINE HOLSTEIN, BEUCHLER DAIRY FARM, FULTON COUNTY

On his suburban farm 

at Thomasville last win 

ter, E. L. Whitington 

grew enough lettuce to 

supply the big winter 

colony there, and ship 

3,000 baskets to other 

cities north, at good 

prices. 

The recent establish 

ing of a large pickle 

factory in Atlanta has 

given a wonderful im 

petus to the growing of 

cucumbers, tomatoes, 

beans, cauliflower, and 

other small vegetables 

used in their product. 

These enterprising man 

ufacturers are also in 

the market for all the 

grapes that can be 

brought to them. No 

Georgia vegetable 

grower need hunt for a 

market. 


for a part of it. Land just as good as mine originally was, 

located within three or four miles of the city of Griffin, can be 

bought for from $25 to $35 per acre. I sold a 56-acre farm 

when I left New York and bought 180 acres down here with the 

proceeds, and we could rent this farm for three times what we 

could get for the New York farm. 

"Lumber here is much cheaper than in the North. I have just 

contracted for fourteen thousand feet at a sawmill near here, 

which will cost me $10 per thousand. 

"I moved South on account of my wife's health, and I do not 

believe there is any more healthful section in the world than 

around Griffin. The doctor in New York told my wife if she 

stayed there she would have consumption, but here she has gained 

twenty-six pounds in weight, feels fine, and her health could 

hardly be better. I find that we can grow practically everything 

here that can be grown in the North, as well as a lot of things 

they can not grow there. I like the country, like the people, and 

would not consider going back to stay." 

Sweet Potatoes 

The grand total of 8,075,000 bushels of sweet potatoes was 

Georgia's production record in 1915, according to government 

reports. Nearly every farmer in the State plants more or less of 

these. The prize bushel at the Southeastern Fair at Atlanta in 

1915 was exhibited by H. C. Collins, of Newton, Ga. All through 

the State the yield runs high. C. ^. and W. E. Williams, whose 

farm is near Americus, produced 420 bushels to the acre that 

year, bringing them $300 an acre. The land was plowed fourteen 

-inches deep, and 600 pounds of fertilizer was used to the acre. 

Some of the potatoes weighed seven pounds each. This record 

shows what care and the planting of selected variety can accom 

plish. 

Renewing ^Vorn-out Lands 

W. J. Oliver, Shellman, Ga., when he became of age in 1876, 

succeeded to a worn-out plantation that had been continuously 

under cultivation since 1836. It is now a farm paradise, and a 

source of splendid profit, in spite of the handicap he labored under 

for many years, of having to pay useurer's intrrest on an old debt. 

There are over 1,000 acres under cultivation, and plowing is done 

with a traction engine, and four gangs of disc plows. Mr. Oliver, 

who makes a specialty of hogs, describes his feeding methods as 

follows: 

"I have about six hundred acres fenced. A part of this is cut 

up into five fields, each of these fields is so arranged that the hogs


can get water. I plant two of them in oats, one in rye, one in 

corn and peas, and the other in peanuts. In March I turn the 

hogs into one of the oat fields and allow them to graze it thor 

oughly, they then go to the other oat field, and the first is sown 

in an early variety of peas, and by the time the second field is 

thoroughly grazed the hogs are put back on the peas, from which 

they go to the rye field where they stay until the corn has been 

gathered between the rows of which peas are planted, and they 

are then turned in to gather the peas. In December they make 

the last shift, to the field of peanuts, where they remain until the 

peanuts are gone, feeding some corn all the while they are in the 

peanuts, they are then penned and fed on corn until ready for 

the market. I sold a car of hogs last winter at a net profit of 

three cents per pound, therefore, I am not worrying about the 

coming of the boll weevil, for if necessary, I could quit cotton 

raising altogether, and possibly make just as much money on 

other crops, hogs, etc." 

Mr. Oliver says further: 

"This is a great section for hog raising, and by use of the rota 

tion of pastures, I can produce pork for five cents per pound. I 

have no registered stock but am gradually grading up by the use 

of high-class boars and sows. 

************ 

"There is lots of land in this county (Randolph) and in other 

parts of Georgia just as good as mine when it is once cleared or 

restored by proper farming methods. Personally, I would rather 

take a worn-out farm and build it up, which can be done in a very 

few years, than to take land and clear it. The timber land in this 

section from which the merchantable timber has been cut, can be 

bought for from $15 to $25 an acre, and worn-out farms, of 

which there are still quite a few, which are from one-fourth to 

one-ihalf cleared, can be bought for from $25 to $40 an acre." 

Beef Cattle 

Regarding the possibilities of raising beef cattle .in Georgia, 

E. T. Comer, of Millhaven, says: 

"I ran a cattle ranch in Western Texas for eleven years, and 

have been raising beef cattle here for four year's, and I know that 

just as fine beef cattle can be raised in Georgia as anywhere in 

the United States, and as cheaply. I have 1,000 head of high- 

grade cattle. They are all Hereford stock, with a strain of Short 

horn blood. We had two car loads of coming two year olds that 

averaged between 700 and 800 pounds in weight, and two car 

loads of coming three year olds averaging between 900 and 1,000 

pounds. The four car loads of cattle sold for $4,591.21. 

A profitable invest 

ment may be found in 

Georgia in the oppor 

tunity for small mills 

to produce peanut and 

soy bean oil. It is true 

that cotton oil mills are 

bidding for these crops, 

but mills costing about 

$15,000, established in 

small communities, 

would pay well. With 

the surety of a cash 

market near at hand, 

farmers would have 

abundant incentive to 

grow these profitable 

o,nd soil enriching 

crops. From 30 to 75 

bushels of peanuts can 

be made on an acre, 

with little fertilizer, and 

bring from 80 to 90 cents 

a bushel. The peavine 

hay pays for the cost 

of cultivation. Soy 

bean oil has refining 

possibilities to vie with 

the finest olive oil ever 

produced.


Labor s Vv ondrous Rewards 

Barren ^iVastes Transformed to Elysian Fields 

Here is a delightful pen picture of a contented Georgia farmer, 

in love with his work: 

"On Friday, May 21st, we were in Fort Valley, Ga. About six 

o'clock we met on the streets Mr. Robt. Flournoy. He said: 'Get 

in my buggy and let me show you my farm.' Soon we were riding 

through an 8o-acre tract that he purchased in January, 1914. In 

March we rode with him through this place. It was a sight—a 

few old peach trees, Bermuda sod as thick as hair on a dog's 

back on all the cleared land and then a pine thicket on the rear. 

These old peach trees have taken on new life—3,000 new ones 

seem to be two or three years old, the Bermuda is gone, corn waist 

high grows where the trees were a year ago. We have never seen 

such transformation in one year's time. He gave $3,000.00 for 

this tract and has been offered $10,000.00 for it. Then we drove 

through his main orchard, and here peach trees and peaches were 

doing their level best. 'Twas like some nobleman's garden, every 

thing looking its best. Then we passed by the Fulghum oat field, 

HEAD OP WHITE FACE HERD OF J. T. ANDERSON. COBB COUNTY


the sugarcane patch, the potato patch, and on home. By this time 

it was dark, but mere darkness does not daunt Mr. Flournoy. He 

went in the house and got his large flashlight and he showed us 

three fine colts—two horse colts and a mule colt. From the lot 

we went to the garden and he flashed his light along the fine rows 

of cabbage, beans, beats, parsnips, tomatoes, lettuce, and so 

forth and so on, that go to make up a good home garden. Then 

we went on the porch and as he sat down in a rocking chair, we 

ventured to remark: 'Mr. Flournoy, a man who is so enthused 

with his farm work as you are, must get some pleasure as well as 

profit out of it.' 'Yes,' he replied, 'I make a good living and I 

would not swap places right now with President Wilson or even 

-Rockefeller !"" 

This Farmer on Right Track 

A plain story of a modest farmer is told by H. M. Peebles, of 

Swainsboro, Ga., and shows what can be done with "gumption" 

and two mules, in seven years. He says: 

"I married seven years ago and bought a farm which I have 

worked out and paid for. My farm is only a small one of 75 

acres with 55 acres cleared, which I cultivate with two mules. 

SECTION OF HEREFORD CATTLE EXHIBIT, SOUTHEASTERN FAIR, 1915

N. W. Weaver, of 

Cuthbert, is an enthu 

siastic grower of grains 

—wheat, rye ana oats. 

Randolph county lands 

are well adapted to 

grain production. Mr. 

Weaver farms scientifi 

cally and on a large 

scale, and has made 

some creditable records. 

In the spring of 1916 

Ms wheat averaged 40 

bushels an acre, his rye 

25 bushels, and his oats 

60. Italian rye made 

56 bushels. He gets 

$1.75 a bushel for 

wheat, $2.50 for rye, 

and $1.00 for oats, for 

seed purposes. No 

problems in farming 

are too great for men 

of the Weaver stamp, 

who also help make 

other people's problems 

easy. Georgia needs a 

few more Weavers. 


I have all the stumps out of 40 acres of this and will stump the 

rest this winter. I am not an all-cotton farmer, as I always raise 

plenty of supplies to run my farm and feed for my stock and 

always have some meat and lard for sale. I have sold the present 

season $155.00 worth and have plenty for home use and to fur 

nish my wage hand in both meat and lard and have five more 

hogs to sell, which I will graze on rye and sell in early spring at 

a fancy price. 

"My heaviest pig this season weighed 460 pounds, net, and I 

also raised 400 bushels of corn and 300 gallons syrup and also 

a good crop of peas, velvet beans, and potatoes. So the war times 

have not caused me to lose any sleep yet. I sowed in the early 

fall two acres rye, three acres wheat and ten acres in oats, all of 

which will be followed with peas for hay and hog feed, and will 

plant ten acres in cotton this year and last year I planted 25 

acres in cotton, so I am cutting my cotton acreage over half and 

sowed in grain. The remaining 30 acres I will put in corn with 

peas, groundpeas, velvet beans, and chufas in the middles for 

hog and cow feed. I have a good Jersey cow which I paid $60.00 

for that has a fine heifer, so I will raise my milk cows from 

now on. 

"I have my cottonseed, which I will use unless the price gets 

better, and will use but very little guano and will make other 

expenses as light as possible, as the best thing I can see for the 

farmer is to raise all the supplies he can at home and make but 

few debts and he will be all right, war or no war." 

Truck and Fruit 

When examples of successful truck and fruit farming in Geor 

gia are needed, the name of Mark Riegel, of Pomona, comes 

naturally to mind. The Riegels, father and son, natives of Illi 

nois, have actually made Georgians ashamed of themselves when 

it comes to showing what can be grown. The elder Riegel makes 

a specialty of Pimento peppers. They have engaged extensively 

in canning these, as well as other fruits and vegetables, and the 

entire farm is a model of profitable industry. 

"I have made a specialty," says Mr. Riegel, "of growing the 

high-quality Terry apple, which we pack in standard bushel boxes 

and market entirely in the Southern states. For the past two 

years have received $2.25 per box f. o. b. here for the fancy 

grade, and $5 per barrel fgr No. I. While we grow vegetables 

for the spring market, I make a specialty of vegetables for fall 

market. Our tomatoes are usually marketed in June and July, 

and net not less than $100 per acre. I once made $1,200 on an 

acre of cabbage, making 30 tons of trimmed heads to the acre.


the heads being so thick you could not walk across the field with 

out stepping on them; but consider from $200 to $400 an acre 

net a fair average on fall cabbage, though once or twice I made 

as much as $500 an acre. 

"So far as the climate here is concerned I would not want 

anything better. I do not believe there is anything that can beat 

us in the United States for a healthy and favorable climate. 

"While we have made a success with apples here, I believe 

Northwest Georgia is better adapted to same and that within a 

few years it will become one of the most famous apple growing 

sections of the country, for they can grow the finest apples in 

the world there without irrigation. I have been told by experts 

that there is no other commercial apple orchard so far South 

as ours." 

Making Inches Count 

Just three acres of Georgia soil, and no horse, is the domain 

of James E. Thomson, of Griswoldville, Ga., who learned at his 

former home in England how to make inches count in farming. 

As an example of intensive industry his story is inspiring: 

"I have three acres here," says Mr. Thomson, "of which about 

one and a half is chicken and hog yard planted in Bermuda grass, 

where it is not a pine grove, about one acre in flower garden, 

vegetable garden and orchard, and about a half acre in house, 

yard, outbuildings, etc. Thought perhaps it might interest some 

of your readers to know what can be made on a small place. Six 

years ago this place was nearly all a pine and briar thicket, and 

the land was so poor that it would not even sprout peas, as the 

saying goes. In a few years I hope to have it so rich that things 

can be planted close like we did in England, instead of having 

everything planted so far apart that they can hardly see each 

other. Every inch I have is growing something, and I have been 

told that there was not room for a fellow to turn around. 

"In six months I have sold io8>^ dozen eggs, 37 chickens, 15 

pigs from one sow, and incidentally two Collie pups. From 

orchard and garden I have canned 163 cans, have 13 quarts of 

fruit juices, sold 78 quarts of strawberries, and still have produce 

from two peach, nectarine, three pear, two apple and one damson 

plum trees. From garden only keep note of all seed bought, 

when produce is sold to pay that, my wife gets the rest, except 

the tomatoes and pimentos, which I will can. We nearly live out 

of the garden, and have plenty of canned soups and vegetables 

for winter use. Orchard is all sown in 'everbearing' cow peas. 

"I have no horse, but just against my three acres is four acres 

belonging to my wife. There is about two and a half of this in 

There are many suc 

cessful negro farmers 

in Georgia and every 

where they receive the 

respect and confidence 

due to industry and 

ambition. Bankers as 

sert that such negroes 

are much more prompt 

in meeting their ob 

ligations than the av 

erage white farmer. 

The largest cultivated 

farm in Baker county, 

10,000 acres, is owned 

and operated by a ne 

gro, Bartow Powell, who 

works 1%5 plows. He 

started life as a freight 

handler on the Flint 

River, saved his money 

and acquired lands. Ne 

groes have equal oppor 

tunities with whites in 

Georgia for attaining 

competency by diligent 

labor. Black labor 

here too is worthy of 

its hire.


corn, the rest in pasture for her cow. Corn is in 4^/2 foot rows; 

have velvet beans in one place with sand peanuts in the middles, 

on the rest there are red peanuts, peas, and more peas. Corn 

looks fine, only it is too far apart for my fancy. Next time it is 

in corn it will be closer; the peas will do that for me. Having 

only one cow I have no manure to spare for it; want all I can 

get from cow, chickens and sow to put on garden and orchard. 

Hope to have some Twiggs county oranges (citranges) next 

year; have nineteen trees of them. 

"Sudan grass is fine feed, but how it does punish the land. My 

fattening hogs and sow certainly do like it. At present they 

nearly live on the falls from the orchard, refuse from canning, etc. 

"I have a small piece of ground in sweet potatoes; if good tops 

are any sign of good roots, will certainly have a crop. Don't 

want anything better than peas to bring up this land. Put them 

everywhere, even for a cover crop for a few weeks in the garden. 

They seem to be about the only things that will stand the Georgia 

sun. My flower garden is not a source of profit, but it certainly 

is beautiful to look at. One day in spring I counted seventeen 

colors in it. We always have a few flowers, even in our coldest 

weather the little sweet alyssttm is blooming." 

PART OF $10,000 WORTH OF GEORGIA BRED MULES, ASHBUBN


Fruits in Great Variety 

A home orchard-farm, with fruit in great variety, is quite pos 

sible within a small area. Mrs. S. A. King, of Concord, Ga., tells 

an enchanting story of her one-acre paradise. 

"When we came here," she says, "less than seven years ago, 

there were no fruit trees, except a few plums. Now we have trees 

of nearly every kind that grows in this climate. One part of the 

lot is wired into a garden for the small fruits, and of these we 

have grapes, scuppernongs, strawberries, raspberries and black 

berries. We have about fifty grape vines, the Niagara and Con 

cord being the best varieties. Then several rows each of straw 

berries (Lady Thompson and Gandy), raspberries and black 

berries give us plenty of berries for table use and canning. Two 

scuppernong vines give us a great deal of pleasure also. 

"Of other fruits we have apples, cherries, peaches, pears, plums, 

figs, quinces and pomegranates. Peaches are our favorite fruit, 

and we try to have a succession from the earliest to the latest. The 

Mayflower is the first to ripen, and it is followed by the Victor, 

HEREFORD BULL, ANDBRSON FARM, NEAR MARIETTA

Georgia cane syrup, 

pure and unadulterated, 

needs no enconiums to 

popularise it with the 

initiated. Home crush 

ed, from home grown 

cane, it rivals the 

maple syrup of Ver 

mont among epicureans. 

Commercial producers 

can not supply the pres 

ent demand. Q-rady 

county ma Tees 50,000 

barrels a year, from 

about 4,000 acres of 

cane. The planter nets 

from $23 to $75 an acre. 

All over South Georgia 

are opportunities for 

establishing commercial 

mills, which by organ 

ised effort, including 

proper advertising could 

make such a name and 

fame for Georgia cane 

syrup among the sweet- 

toothed multitude, as 

would bring untold 

profits to their opera 

tors. 

ISO FACTS ABOUT GEORGIA 

Sneed, Greensboro, Carman, Belle of Georgia, Elberta, Chinese 

Cling, White English, King Solomon and Stinson's October, 

though we have some other varieties, so we are scarcely without 

peaches from the middle of May to the last of October. We also 

enjoy the pears. Of these, we like best the Garber for eating, as 

it is very tender and juicy, but the Kieffer is best for pickling and 

preserving. Other varieties are the Bartlett, LeConte and Golden 

Russet. We have a number of apple trees, the best being the 

All Summer, York Imperial, Terry, Shockley and Yates. These 

are especially fine for keeping during the winter. The Early Rich 

mond is our best cherry, as it does better here than the black 

cherries. 

"Besides our fruit trees, we also have a number of pecan trees, 

and I wish every farmer would try to have a few of these. They 

make beautiful shade trees to have near the house as well as giving 

such a valuable harvest of nuts. The best varieties are the Mo 

bile, Stuart, Van Deman and Moneymaker. Our trees are young, 

but we get plenty of nuts for all the year." 

Beef Production in tke Mountains 

Northeast Georgia is rapidly developing into a stock raising 

district. Rabun county has a well-organized live stock associa 

tion, the members of which are interesting themselves in building 

up the cattle, hog and sheep industry. They are paying especial 

attention to grading up beef breeds, using Durham bulls. By the 

middle of November, 1915, 35 carloads of beef cattle had been 

shipped from that county alone. The railroad agents are antici 

pating a movement of several hundred cars of cattle out of Rabun 

in 1916. 

Pluck and Truck are inners 

Pluck will generally be rewarded. A. R. Morris bought a 16- 

acre farm—ten in woods and six in cultivation—near Stone Moun 

tain, a few years ago, and started to grow cotton, but not having 

acquired the hang of it in advance, he sunk his bank roll, got dis 

gusted, rented his place and went back to city life. A year later 

he returned to the farm and this time planted to truck, which is 

the more profitable from being near Atlanta. He had no horse— 

just garden tools—but he went at it alone. The following sum 

mer he said: 

"To-day, from hard work and a stiff upper lip, I have this much 

to the good, and a beautiful sight to see: 17 rows Irish potatoes, 

30 rows sweet potatoes, 30 rows sweet corn, 10 rows Kentucky 

Wonder beans, 10 rows Red Valentine beans, 4 rows beets, 14


rows white soup beans, 4 rows butterbeans, a half bushel of onion 

sets, 400 cabbage plants, 200 tomato plants, 8 rows English peas, 

10 rows Spanish peanuts, 104 squash and cucumber hills, no 

watermelon and muskmelon hills, 2 rows sunflowers, 8 pie plant 

or rhubarb roots, 7 rows popcorn, 4 rows okra; also have planted 

turnips, radish, lettuce, eggplant, pepper, mustard, rape, and 

tomato seed. Now, this is all planted and up. Have had onions, 

salad and radishes to eat the past two weeks, and as a good many 

folks have said, the finest garden they have seen," 

Increased "^Mieat Acreage 

Ten thousand bushels of wheat will be grown in 1916 in the 

immediate vicinity of Cleola, Ga., in the Oak Mountain section of 

Harris County, as compared with a merely nominal crop the pre 

vious year. The wheat was planted largely through the influence 

of Jesse Milner, whose home is at Cleola, and who owns thousands 

of acres of land in that section and elsewhere in West Georgia, and 

operates a store, ginnery and flour and grist mill at Cleola, which 

is the Oak Mountain station of the Southern Railway. From his 

store many of the farmers in that section are supplied. 

A good corn crop was produced in that section in 1915, and 

the oat acreage was also large. Mr. Milner decided that the peo 

ple would grow wheat if the market was provided for it, and so 

he installed a roller mill at his grist mill plant, so that now forty 

barrels of flour can be turned out daily there, in addition to the 

output of meal. 

Mr. Milner bought seed wheat and supplied it to all his tenants 

and also other farmers who wanted it, and as a result more wheat 

has been planted in that section than any year since Civil War 

times. He estimates that with a normal yield fully 10,000 bushels 

will be brought to his mill, and so the flour department will be 

kept busy and at the same time the fanners will make good money 

on their wheat crop. 

The situation in the Oak Mountain section typifies that in many 

other communities in Georgia and other Southern states. Mr. 

Milner made a thorough investigation of the situation before he 

installed his flour-making equipment. He was much impressed 

with the experience of a miller not a hundred miles from Cleola. 

This man put in a flour mill. At that time no wheat at all was 

grown in that section. The next year the yield was fairly good, 

and in 1915 there was a big wheat crop that taxed the capacity 

of the mill. 

A. recent visitor to 

Georgia from old Ken 

tucky, replying to an 

inquiry of his host, said 

farm lands in his neigh 

borhood were worth 

$300 an acre. "Why 

are your lands worth 

$300 an acre, while ours 

in Georgia are held at 

not more than $50 to 

$100 an acret" asked his 

host. His reply was, 

"You all haven't waked 

wp yet, but the time 

will soon come when 

your Georgia lands will 

be worth more than 

ours, because you have 

longer seasons, and can 

raise everything, while 

we can raise only grain 

and live stock." While 

Georgia farmers are 

getting thoroughly 

awakened, the Northern 

farmers' opportunities 

to acquire lands here 

are all the greater.

152 FACTS ABOUT .GEORGIA 

Poultry 

Dr. S. W. Smith, who resides five miles from Wellston, Ga., 

has been experimenting with the raising of poultry for eggs in 

connection with the operation of his farm. Dr. Smith has 450 

acres with 250 under cultivation, and is devoting a portion of 

this to the raising of Rhode Island Red and White Leghorn 

chickens. He now has about 5°° on hand, from which he gets 

about 75 dozen eggs a week, which are disposed of in the local 

markets for 30 cents a dozen. In addition to this he has sold 

100 to 150 broilers at an average price of 40 cents. He uses 

prepared feed and his chickens have a range on oats, vetch and 

Bermuda, which supply sufficient green feed at all times. Dr. 

Smith markets non-fertile eggs. He figures that he sold $800 

worth of eggs and chickens in 1915. His expenses for feed were 

about $300. 

Peanuts Prove Profitable 

Peanut farming is not to be sneezed at. The latest available 

figures of peanut production in Georgia were for 1910, when 

2,569,787 bushels were grown on 160,317 acres. There are many 

extensive growers, but the experience of one of the little ones, 

CATTLE GRAZING IN OPEN PINE WOODS OF JfOUTH GEORGIA


who made 263 bushels, tells the story. Stephen' C. Skipper, of 

Willacoochee, says: 

"I made over 60 bushels per acre without any fertilizer or lime 

and found the land to be improved instead of run down. One 

of my uncles made 100 bushels per acre on the same grade of 

land with the use of ground limestone. ******* 

"The peanuts stood around the poles until the first of October 

before they were picked off, as this is best to let them be quite 

dry before picking off. The vines make the finest kind of hay. 

1 baled and sold six tons of the vines and fed a ton or more to 

the stock, which was turning out pretty well when you consider I 

only harvested six acres of peanuts. Besides the peanuts gath 

ered, there were enough left in the field to fatten the meat re 

quired for the family. 

"Below I give the correct figures of cost and receipts. My own 

work and the worth of the land for rent is not considered, as the 

peanuts helped the land, and enough were left in the field to fatten 

our hogs: Hired labor, $8.00; nails for stacking hay, $1.00; 

wire for baling hay, $1.50; picking peanuts, $45.00; sacks for 

sacking peanuts, $4.50; total cost, $59.50. Peanuts, 263 bushels 

at $1.20, $315.60; hay, 6 tons, at $18.00, $108.00; total, $423.60. 

Cost, $59.50. Net profit, $364.10. 

SHETLAND PONIES ON BATTLE STOCK FARM, MOOT/TRIE.

The only Pimento Pep 

pers grown in the 

United States, east of 

California, are at Griffin, 

Oa., where Mark Reigel 

made about 10,000 bush 

els in 1916. He invented 

his own machinery for 

roasting, peeling and 

canning the peppers. 

There is one other Pi 

mento cannery in Cali 

fornia, the balance of 

those on the markets 

being imported from 

Spain. 

At Fort Valley, in 

Houston county, known 

chiefly as a peach cen 

ter, an enterprising cik 

izen has recently in 

stalled a complete and 

modern plant for can 

ning sweet potatoes, 

with a capacity suf 

ficient to handle the en 

tire crop of this section. 


A Few Actual Results 

Raising Big Corn Crop at Low Cost 

It is necessary to "know how" in order to get big yields of 

corn to the acre, as well as of other crops. Tom Whatley of 

Helena evidently knows. He averaged 61 bushels of corn to an 

acre on 40 acres in 1915, at a cost of 21 cents a bushel. A few 

of these acres made between 95 and 100 bushels each. He broke 

his land well in the fall, turning under a small crop of cowpeas. 

No fertilizer was applied at planting, but when the corn was 

about 12 inches high about 200 pounds an acre was added, and 

cultivated shallow with a double-row disc cultivator. When the 

corn was some size, from 75 to 100 pounds of nitrate of soda was 

used on each acre. Mr. Whatley also made an income of $197 

an acre from three acres planted in Appler oats in the fall, and 

Spanish peanuts in the spring. The yield was 82 bushels of 

thrashed oats to the acre, which sold for $1.00 a bushel, and 50 

bushels of nuts an acre at $1.50 a bushel. Each acre also pro 

duced a ton of peanut hay at $30. The cost of planting and har 

vesting was less than $50 an acre. 

Three Tons of Alfalfa to Acre 

More wheat, oats and hay planters are needed in Georgia. 

Grains do not require the amount of cultivation cotton requires, 

and the returns are greater and more certain. Alfalfa hay brings 

from $20 to $25 a ton. John T. Moore, near Macon, made three 

tons of alfalfa an acre in 1915 in spite of the drouth. He planted 

oats in on the land in the fall of 1913, and after ^cutting these the 

following spring, planted part in peanuts and part in cowpeas, 

after having worked into the soil ten tons of stable manure and 

two tons of ground limestone to each acre. Some of this crop 

he cut and the balance was turned under. Then came the alfalfa 

as noted. 

Planting Alfalfa on Big Scale 

A dozen or more farmers in Clarke County are declaring their 

independence of cotton and cotton conditions by the alfalfa meth 

od. One of these, who grew a small quantity in 1914 said re 

cently : "If I had a hundred acres in alfalfa in good condition I 

should feel that I had the means of competency." He explained 

that he could raise livestock—cattle for beef or milk, mules and 

horses, hogs and chickens, all at a minimum cost of production. 

So extensively is this Clarke, Oconee and neighboring counties 

group going in for alfalfa that one order in the fall of 1915 was for


2200 pounds of seed, the ingredients for the inoculation neces 

sary to obtain the best results, and four cars of lime, of forty 

tons a car, for application to the lands. On one of these farms, 

from four acres sown in alfalfa in the fall of 1914 there were 

five crops of hay cut, aggregating 17 tons of weighed, dry hay. 

Berkshire Hogs for Breeding 

C. W. Fowler of Cobb County made $72.50 in 1915 from 

millet and cowpea hay on an acre and one-half of land. Mr. 

Fowler makes a specialty of Berkshire hogs for breeding pur 

poses, and sells $2,000 worth of registered hogs a month. He 

feeds shorts and grazing crops, rye, sorghum, and Bermuda 

grass, green rape every day in the year, and utilizes the wet 

places on his farm. 

Actual Cost of Suckling Pigs 

A series of interesting experiments were made on three of the 

State Test Farms in Georgia in 1915, to ascertain the cost of 

raising young pigs from the time of birth until the weaning age. 

Varying results were obtained. At farm A, sow No. i raised 

six pigs at a cost of $14.03, and sow No. 2 cost $16.23 to raise 

four. Farm B, sow No. i, four pigs, $15.98; No. 2, nine pigs, 

$18.25. Farm C, sow No. i, six pigs, $10.16. 

Record Crofi of Sweet Potatoes 

Georgia is famous soil for sweet potatoes, and for several years 

the government reports show the total value of the yield to have 

been greater than that of any other state. The average farm 

price in 1915 was only 61 cents a bushel, and the average acre 

production only 85 bushels, but farmers who give this crop any 

thing like the attention it deserves get results far above the 

average. J. G. Thomas of Baldwin County is one who makes as 

much as 300 bushels an acre, and on ground he says would not 

make half a bale of cotton to the acre. Sweet potatoes pay 

handsomely when properly cultivated. L. C. Oliver, near the 

Chatham and Effingham county line gets $250 an acre from 

double potato crops—Irish, followed by sweet. 

Boy Farmer Makes Big Start 

A thrifty farmer lad is John M. McLellan of Whitfield County, 

who has earned a farm of his own before he is 17 years old. He 

lives at home with his father and still goes to school regularly, 

but takes his stock of milk to his customers in Dalton every 

morning, works his land and tends his cattle. At the start he 

borrowed the money to buy an old mule, but traded that for a 

cow, saved his milk-earnings and bought more cows. In two 

On page 80 is shown the 

three acres on which 

Maurice Crowder won 

the four-crop contest in 

1915. In the foreground 

are Soy Beans, which 

followed a crop of Oats, 

which made 78 'bushels. 

In the background is his 

cotton to the left, and to 

the right his acre of 

corn, which made better 

than 100 bushels. 

Maurice is shown on his 

Percheron mare, the 

prize awarded him by 

the Central Ry. of Go. 

in 1914. 

The Southeastern 

Land Show, at Atlanta, 

in February, 1917, un 

der the auspices of the 

Georgia Chamber of 

Commerce will prove a 

wonderful object lesson 

to Western farmers.


years he had saved $1,000, which, with $500 borrowed from a 

bank, paid for an eighty-acre farm adjoining his father's lands. 

His milk sales average $100 a month. He grows alfalfa, clover 

and Bermuda grass for feed, and plants a few acres in cotton. 

Some boy, that! 

Eighty-Seven Bushels of Oats 

Oats followed by sweet potatoes proved a winning proposition 

in 1915 for E. L. Wade of Laurens County. His net profits from 

15 acres were $1,672.50. In the fall of 1914 he planted oats, the 

fertilizer, preparation and seeding costing $15.50 an acre. In 

the spring of 1915 he gathered 87 measured bushels of oats an 

acre, which at a dollar a bushel netted him $1,072.50. Sweet 

potatoes were then planted, at a cost for fertilizer and cultiva 

tion of $10.00 an acre. He got 100 bushels of potatoes an acre, 

selling for 50 cents a bushel, and netting $600. 

Bees and Honey in Georgia 

Many busy little bees improve each shining hour for J. J. 

Wilder of Cordele, who is considered to be the largest producer 

of bees and honey in the South. Bees recognize no fence, county 

or state lines, and gather honey where they may, so their product 

IN A NINETY-ACRE FIELD OF PEANUTS, W. R. TERRY, SHELLMAN


is largely profit. Intelligent study and great care is necessary in 

order to obtain the best results. Mr. Wilder finds it impossible to 

supply the demand for honey, and gets good prices. In one 

week he shipped three carloads, each car bringing him approxi 

mately $1,000. 

Five Gallons of Milk a Day 

Anna's Dorothy is the name of a thoroughbred cow whose milk 

brings two dollars a day to her owner, E. Pierce Wood, of San- 

dersville, Ga. Her record is 56 pounds of milk a day. She 

averages 40 pounds, or five gallons, which is sold at 10 cents a 

quart in the local market. 

Big Family on Small Farm 

Just how large a family a small farm in Georgia will support 

may never be definitely ascertained. In a mountain valley up 

near the Tennessee line, A. J. Pickett is doing fairly well with 35 

acres and a wood lot, not very rich land at that. He has eight 

children, ranging from five to eighteen years of age, all of whom 

are getting at least five months of school a year. It was a run 

down farm when he bought it, paying $600 cash, and giving $600 

in notes, all of which were taken up in three years. In the mean- 

WHEAT FIELD—32 BUSHELS TO THE ACRE—AT VILLA RICA

Georgia's resources 

for truck farming are 

peculiarly rich. In 

Chatham county alone, 

according to a recent 

survey, there are ninety 

thousand acres of land 

excellently suited to 

this branch of agricul 

ture; ana there are 

equally inviting oppor 

tunities in many other 

parts of the State. De- 

Kalb county is probably 

the most important 

truck producing coun 

ty in the South. The 

latest official reports 

show only ninety-five 

thousand acres in truck 

farms in Georgia. With 

an area as large as Eng 

land and Wales com 

bined, and only thirty- 

two per cent, under cul 

tivation, Georgia can 

'become one of Amer 

ica's great centers of 

food production. 


while he has built a good house and barn, keeps cows and hogs 

and chickens, and grows everything needed for the food of the 

household, and sells $2,000 worth besides. He follows corn with 

wheat and peas, cotton with oats and peas, picks his peas and 

plows the vines under. Such farmers are a credit to the State. 

Good Demand for Cane Syrufi 

Sorghum cane is a luxuriant crop in at least half of the State. 

H. L. Ware of Coweta County grows it extensively, and uses a 

gasoline engine for grinding. He makes from 250 to 275 gallons 

of syrup from an acre of cane, and sells at from 45 to 60 cents a 

gallon, a good bit of it locally. 

Three Bales of Cotton to Acre 

Three bales of cotton to an acre is a big record, but it has been 

made in Georgia, although not always do the bales weigh the full 

standard 500 pounds. W. F. Collier of Cherokee County is one 

who has accomplished it with bales averaging over 450 pounds 

each. His soil is the same as can be found all over the Pied 

mont region—dark and loamy, with plenty of rocks. He plows 

twelve inches deep with a disc plow, and cultivates 25 acres with 

two mules and the help of a fourteen-year-old boy. His three- 

bale land had been planted in wheat followed by cowpeas, the 

previous year. 

Buying a Farm With Profits 

That a Georgia farm can pay for itself and support a large 

family at the same time, is being proven every day. J. B. Hunter 

of Spaulding County is one who has done it, and also created a 

liberal surplus. He bought 68 acres seven years ago at $33 an 

acre, paid for it all in three years, made many improvements, 

richly fertilized the land, diversified and rotated in all the ap 

proved styles, and now has a splendidly paying property to show 

for the investment of his labor. 

A/ore Money in Dairy Farming 

Dairying and truck farming make a good combination in 

Georgia, as the commercial truck crops are nearly all off in time 

to grow silage for wintering cattle. The sizeable towns and cities 

of the State are so well scattered that nearly every county has a 

near-by market for milk and truck. Dairying is such an attractive 

proposition in the State that many farmers have given up cotton 

entirely and gone to cattle grazing. J. H. Hooks of Washing 

ton County, is one of these. He has gradually reduced his cotton 

acreage, and having started with a few scrub cows, and systemat 

ically improved the stock, he now has 225 registered and grade


jerseys. Many of the old cotton farms of Dougherty, Lee and 

Terrell counties are now cattle ranges, at least in part, either for 

beef or dairy purposes. G. W. Blonton has a dairy farm near 

Savannah famous for the richness of its milk. He sells 100 

gallons a day, for four-fifths of which he gets fourteen cents a 

quart. With the establishment of more creameries, for which, 

either as individual enterprises or on the co-operative plan, there 

is a decided demand, and with the addition of cheese factories, 

the dairying, industry in the State would soon reach large pro 

portions. 

What Pork Production Cost 

B. A. Garrard of Laurens county, made an experiment lately 

in fattening hogs. He paid $193 for forty-three hogs, and the 

feed cost $49. Some of the pork he sold at market prices for 

$100, the larger part, however, at much less a pound, to his farm 

hands for $415, using in his own household $35 worth, getting 

$4.80 for lard, and had 14 head left at a market value of $125; 

total: $681.80, or a net profit of $439.80, not counting his time 

and labor. Every farm in Georgia should have at least a few 

hogs at that rate, as the skimmed milk from dairies, the discard 

of the truck farm, the stubble of grain fields, and the wild roots 

and nuts in the wood lands can all be turned into easy pork- 

money. 

Progressive Farm Clubs Helfi 

Farm clubs or farmers' guilds in various parts of the state are 

fostering advanced methods of cultivation, and helping to solve 

the marketing problems that are continually arising. A notably 

beneficial organization of this sort is the Progressive Farm Club 

of Baldwin County, which has been instrumental in quickly 

eradicating the cattle tick in that county. It employs an engineer 

to supervise the improvement of the highways, and helps settlers 

in the county, even to contributing funds for loans where neces 

sary. 

Day Laborer to Capitalist 

A comfortable fortune has been made from farming by W. B. 

Richardson of Baldwin county, who started as a day-laborer, 

saved and bought a bit of land, and gradually added more from 

his profits. He now advances $15,000 a year to other farmers. 

He plants a general crop, but makes a specialty of corn, of which 

he averages forty bushels an acre. He is a firm believer in the 

high fertilizing qualities of peavines turned under, and is a 

consistent preacher of rotation and diversification. 

Georgia Products Day 

is an annual institution 

in Georgia, officially 

proclaimed by the Gov 

ernor. It was inaugu 

rated by the Georgia, 

Chamber of Commerce 

in 1913. On the same 

day and at the same 

hour, all over the State 

are held dinners, both 

public and private, at 

which nothing but Geor 

gia products are served. 

The object is obvious. 

The first Georgia Prod 

ucts dinner to be held 

outside of Georgia, was 

in Detroit, November 

18, 1916, when all the 

food served had been 

sent from Georgia for 

the purpose. The De 

troit diners exchanged 

telegrams of greeting 

with diners in Georgia 

cities. Georgia dinners 

are planned for many 

Northern cities in 191T.

i6o FACTS ABOUT GEORGIA 

Cantaloupes, Hay and Cow Peas 

A concrete illustration of the fertility of Georgia soil is given 

by C. H, Strangward, who came to Worth county, Ga., from 

Ohio in 1903. Writing to the editor in 1916, he says: 

"This season the Sylvester, and the Indiana Fruit Companies, 

of which I am president, planted 300 acres in cantaloupes, be 

ginning to plant March i5th. This crop yielded a net profit of 

$9,000.00. After cantaloupes were gathered, the land was planted 

in cow peas; 150 acres used as pasture for 120 head of cattle; 150 

acres harvested as hay crop, averaging one ton of hay per acre. 

Value of hay $3,000.00; cost of production $1,125.00; net profit 

$1,875.00. Total profit on 300 acres (not counting values from 

beef made in pasturing), $10,875.00. 

"We also planted 300 acres in oats, which produced 20 bushels 

to the acre. Cost of production, $5.00 an acre; net profit per 

acre, $5.00. After harvesting the oats, that land is planted in 

cow peas for pasturing, or for harvesting for hay; some of it in 

ground peas, some in velvet beans and corn. Any one of these 

after crops is a good money maker, and is easily cultivated. The 

majority of the stockholders of these two companies live in Mun- 

cie, Ind., and Cleveland, Ohio. The lands which we cultivate 

are average Worth county lands." 

MOULTEIB PACKING PLANT, MOULTKIE, GA.

11 


Growth or Packing Industries 

Georgia and the adjoining states have seen a remarkable growth 

recently in the packing house industry. It not only promises to 

be a good investment for capital, but for labor as well. The farm 

ers will benefit by reason of the home market created for cattle 

and hogs, and the whole state will profit by the added wealth and 

stimulus to general business. With millions of acres of idle 

lands on which the succulent grasses best adapted to meat pro 

duction grow in natural profusion; with an ideal climate, and an 

abundance of water, Georgia is destined to lead the country- in 

packing house products. 

One moderate sized packing plant in Atlanta has not been able 

to supply a tenth of the local requirements, and the whole South 

has paid high tribute to the packers of Chicago, Kansas City and 

Omaha. Without a nearby cash market the Georgia farmer had 

no incentive to raise hogs, cattle and sheep. With such a con 

venient and dependable market, they will break away from the 

one crop idea and grow more corn and ground nuts and fodder 

crops, and turn them into meat. The tide of prosperity has 

turned and is setting in strong. 

HOME OF FAMOUS OGEECHEE RIVER SHAD.

I 


The Moultrie packing plant, in Central Southern Georgia, was 

the pioneer in the industry in South Georgia. It was started in 

1914, and now represents an investment of half a million dollars. 

It took real courage to start such an enterprise, and to the men of 

Moultrie who backed their confidence with money and personal 

energy, great credit is due. They have waked up Georgia. They 

have stimulated the entire State. Hogs, and more hogs, and bet 

ter hogs, squeal their way to Moultrie every day from all over 

South Georgia. The Moultrie plant kills from 500 to 800 hogs 

and 25 cattle daily. It pays slightly less than Chicago prices. It 

puts money in the farmers' pocket, where there was no money 

before. It is doing more for South Georgia than any other single 

industry extant. 

Encouraged by the Moultrie enterprise there have been some 

ten other packing plants built or projected in Georgia and the 

adjoining States. One to cost $150,000 is nearing completion at 

Statesboro, in Bulloch county. At Macon plans have been per 

fected to transform a big local brewery, put out of commisison 

by the State prohibition laws, into a $750,000 packing plant. A 

company to build a $300,000 plant at Augusta, has been incor 

porated. At Tifton citizens have subscribed $100,000 to build 

a packing house. Other cities of the State are stirring in the in 

terests of local plants. 

All this rapid expansion bears striking witness to the growth of 

the live stock industry in Georgia, and in turn will do a great deal 

for the further development of those interests. 

NOBLE'S OXFORD RKX, No. 107574, RALPH W. NORTIICUTT. MARIETTA, GA.

PACTS ABOUT GEORGIA 163 

All Tkings Grow for Xkose \Vork 

A perfect wonderland is the H. W. Smithwick orchard gar 

dens at Americus, Ga. Mr. Smithwick specializes in pecans, but 

as an all round commercial horticulturist his accomplishments 

place him well toward the Burbank rank. His pecan grove con 

tains eighty-five acres, and produced over four thousand pounds 

of merchantable nuts in 1916. He began in 1905 by planting 

twelve trees, adding from 250 to 400 trees a year until 1912. 

The annual production began with nineteen nuts in 1908, and 

reached four thousand pounds in 1916. 

Mr. Smithwick's home orchard and garden produces some 

thing of almost everything interesting in flowers, fruits, vege 

tables and grains. There are delicious Satsuma oranges, grown 

successfully that far north by being grafted on frost-resisting 

trifoliata or hedge-orange roots; Barbary plums, peaches, grapes 

in abundance and of many varieties, pomegranates, Japanese per 

simmons, Persian and English walnuts, cherries, grapefruit, and 

figs — celestial figs — maturing in succession throughout the whole 

summer season. 

Oats and pea vines are grown in the young orchards until the 

trees are profitably bearing. The hay brings $20.00 a ton. A 

three-quarter acre cabbage patch netted him $130.00; the same 

acre in sugar cane brought $140.00. Superior Cuba leaf to 

bacco was another small but profitable crop. 

PEACH BLOSSOM OF KENNESAW, No. 217149. OWNER, RALPH W. NORTHCUTT, MARIETTA, GA.


In his home orchard Mr. Smithwick has a famous old hickory 

tree, on which he has successfully budded fourteen separate va 

rieties of pecans. It is of great interest to naturalists and pecan 

experts. 

Mr. Smithwick also has charge of the National Pecan Groves 

Company's property at Flint Side, Ga., which contain ten thou 

sand acres, of which one thousand five hundred, acres are already 

planted. 

Georgia Bread From Georgia Milled Flour 

Georgia, whose source of supply of flour has hitherto been the 

Western States, has turned to home mills for this commodity. 

Before the civil war the old-fashioned mills were numerous in 

the State; but they gradually dwindled to twenty-five or thirty 

mills up to eight or ten years ago. Then the "Live at Home and 

Board at the Same Place" slogan was born and with it came thou 

sands of new acres seeded to wheat. 

GEORGIA MARBLE QUARRY. INDICATING HOW BLOCKS ARE SAWN OUT.


To-day Georgia is dotted from one end to the other with up- 

to-date flouring mills, with meal machinery in connection to grind 

the abundant corn crop with which the commonwealth is blessed 

each year. 

There are 250 flour and grist mills in the State. There is hardly 

a town of any importance that does not boast of a mill of this 

character. And around the hum of these mills and on the good 

roads leading to them is a constant stream of healthier, happier 

and more prosperous citizens. 

Apples and Oranges 

Both at Home in Georgia 

' If North Georgia is "The future home of the big red apple," 

then Georgia is assuredly the most blessed of all the states of the 

union in resources and possibilities, for Georgia is the only state 

that can grow both apples and oranges with the highest degree 

of success, except, perhaps, California, and California is handi 

capped by the lack of rainfall and consequent necessity of irrigat 

ing. It is not known to the great majority of the citizens of 

Georgia that oranges can be grown in southeast Georgia with the 

greatest degree of success on a commercial scale, but it has been 

GRANITE QUARRY, STONE MOUNTAIN, DeKALB COUNTY.


known for some time to the experts of the United States depart 

ment of agriculture and the horticulturists of the Georgia State 

College of Agriculture, as well as to the agricultural agents of 

some of the railroads and certain prominent Georgians of an 

inquiring turn of mind, that the coast section of Georgia is almost 

ideally adapted to the growing of the Satsuma orange, a partic 

ularly hardy orange that grows in Japan where snow falls every 

winter. 

Most people prefer the Satsuma to the ordinary oranges, both 

because it is of the "kid glove" or tangerine type, which can be 

eaten without soiling the hands, and because it is sweeter and 

better flavored than either the tangerine or ordinary oranges of 

any variety. Authorities state that the Satsuma will not grow in 

southern Florida successfully, nor in southern California, those 

climates being rather too warm during the winter. The Sat 

suma itself is the most hardy of edible oranges, and is grafted on 

the roots of the citrus trifoliata, a sort of first cousin to the 

edible oranges, which produces non-edible fruit, and is a deciduous 

tree, shedding its leaves and becoming absolutely dormant in win 

ter. The citrus trifoliata grows as far north as Rochester, N. Y.. 

TOBACCO GROWING UNDER LATTICE SHADE. AMSTERDAM.


being used as an ornamental tree in the yards in that city. Its 

state of dormancy in winter makes it impossible for the Satsuma 

top which has been grafted on it, to grow, as the roots fail to send 

up any sap until spring. 

Achievements or an Amateur Horti 

culturist 

George H. Harris, a prominent attorney at McRea, Ga., is in 

cidentally an amateur horticulturist. Some of his accomplish 

ments, especially with citrus fruit, considering the latitude of 

Telfair county, where he lives, are extremely interesting. In a 

letter to Facts About Georgia, he says: 

"My work with citrus fruits in this place began in 1911, and I 

have trees now of all ages up to five years, some of them bearing 

fruit. I have two grapefruit trees, one Parson Brown orange 

tree, three Satsuma orange trees, and dozens of hybrids of 

oranges, grapefruit, lemons and kumquats, many of them bear 

ing fruit this year for the first time. I have this year begun 

propagating a very hardy "round orange" that is sweeter and 

better than any seedling that I have ever seen grown in this part 

SCREENED PROPAGATION BEDS, SUMATRA TOBACCO, AMSTERDAM, GA.

That there is money 

in small specialties in 

Georgia has been proven 

by J. M. Barnett of 

Gwinnett County, in sev 

eral years' experience 

with Himalaya berries. 

They grow in immense 

clusters, only a few rip 

ening each day, each 

cluster lasting several 

iveeks. Single clusters 

often show at one time 

ripe berries, green ones 

and blooms. On one 

cluster was counted 16!) 

berries. Mr. Barnett has 

over MO feet of scaffold, 

bearing fruit each year. 

For the space utilized 

he claims it is the most 

•profitable product of his 

farm. As ripe fruit, or 

canned, or made into 

jelly or jam, Himalaya 

berries are delicious. 

Here is a commercial 

opportunity worth 

while investigating. 


GEORGIA MARBLE READY FOR SHIPMENT. 

of the State. I am growing some trees budded from the original 

tree and also have some budded from seedlings of this Telfair 

county orange tree. Some of these seedlings from this local 

orange are from buds cut from seedlings grown from seed this 

year in my back-yard, the seed coming from an orange from the 

original tree, which is located about 12 miles from McRae near 

the middle of this county. I have some trees that are half grape 

fruit, one quarter sweet orange and one quarter citrus trifoliata, 

and various other combinations of the same three kinds of citrus 

fruit. I also have some that are part lemon and some that are 

part kumquat. Some of these are bearing fruit now. Most of 

these hybred fruit are very hardy. 

"I find that some of the full-blood sweet oranges from local 

hardy seedlings are also very hardy. I have some that were 

budded before the freeze of 1914 that stood that freeze and stood 

the whole winter of 1914-1915 and also the winter of 1915-1916 

without any protection and without any injury. The tree from a 

seedling of which I am propagating my new hardy round orange 

is a large tree about 15 feet high and last year it had ten or 

fifteen dozen fine oranges on it of a quality superior to the oranges 

that we were then getting from Florida. .


AT MARBLE QUARRIES. TATE, GA. 

"I believe that we are going to have some new citrus fruits de 

veloped very soon that will be of great commercial value for 

growing in this section of the State. I have a large Satsuma 

orange tree in my yard that stood the hardest freeze that we 

have had in years, immediately following a long warm spell, and 

it was not injured to any appreciable extent, only the tips of a 

few small twigs being nipped. This was in the Fall of 1914. 

Last winter there was no injury to any of my trees by cold, not 

even to the Parson Brown orange, which now has on it seven nice 

fruit that are about ready to ripen. 

"I have on my home place also seven or eight different varieties 

of paper-shell pecans; two varieties of English walnuts; three 

varieties of Japanese persimmons; two varieties of filberts; two 

varieties of grafted chestnuts and various ordinary fruits such as 

figs, peaches, plums and pears. I believe that I grow the most 

perfect peaches that I ever saw—free from worms and of fine 

quality. We had the ordinary annual crops of cantaloupes, wa 

termelons, strawberries, sugarcane, etc., all on this home lot over 

which you walked with me a few days ago." 

It is gratifying to 

note that Georgia has 

at last put on its stat 

ute books ft bill provid 

ing for compulsory edu 

cation. There are now 

only one or two other 

states that have not 

some form of compul 

sory education law, and 

while the Georgia law 

is somewhat elastic, it 

is at least the first step 

toward the much desir 

ed standard. It is es 

timated that the new 

law will put into the 

schools not less than 

50,000 children, who for 

various reasons, have 

heretofore been totally 

deprived of an educa 

tion of any form. Strict 

enforcement of the law 

is confidently expected 

and further and more 

stringent laws will fol 

low rapidly.

The pecan tree shown 

on this page is on the 

Home premises of George 

McDonald a t C'uth- 

bert. It grew from a 

nut planted in 18>/8 by 

a returned Texas pio 

neer. It is of the soft 

shelled variety, and 

bears proliflcally every 

year. Measurements 

made in 1916 for "Facts 

About Georgia" showed 

the tree to be 51 feet 

high, and with a spread 

of limbs extending 75 

feet. At a distance of 

four feet from the 

ground the circumfer 

ence of the trunk was 

nine feet. Scattered 

throughout Georgia are 

many such old pecan 

trees, some of which 

may be older than the 

McDonald tree, and in 

formation of such trees 

is invited. 


Cattle Ranch on a Mountain Top 

A unique mountain-top farm is being developed in Floyd 

county by John M. Graham and H. A. Dean, business men of 

Rome. There are eight hundred acres in the tract, five hundred 

of it cleared since 1910. This farm lies entirely upon the top of 

Roek Mountain, at an altitude of 1,500 feet above the sea level, 

and rising 800 feet above the surrounding country. Only one 

road reaches it, this having been built at considerable expense, it 

having been necessary to blast out several bluffs in the process. 

The entire farm is surrounded by cliffs, the distancejiround being 

about five miles. The land slopes generally from the cliffs to 

ward the center, but with four outlets for water. 

It is being developed for stock raising, and is planted in con 

siderable part in bermuda. Fifteen acres are in alfalfa. The 

land is extremely productive, having yielded 140 bales of cotton 

on 125 acres in 1914. It is anticipated that this mountain farm 

will soon become one of the show places of North Georgia— 

partly on account of its unusual location. The owners have 

started operations with a herd of fifty registered Hereford cattle, 

and intend raising that breed exclusively.


Tne Berry Schools at Rome 

The Martha Berry schools for poor mountain children, at 

Rome, Ga., are institutions of such an unusual character and far- 

reaching influence, that Miss Berry, their founder and sponsor, 

was asked to write something about them for Facts About 

Georgia. She says: 

"Sixteen years ago I was spending the Sunday afternoon in a 

little log cabin on our home plantation. I had fitted up this cabin 

as a study and had hoped to spend many quiet hours there. 

"I noticed four little children wandering around in our grove. 

They were white children, poor and neglected. I called them in 

and after talking with them, I found that they lived on rented 

land near by and had no opportunity of attending school or Sun 

day School. I began to teach them on Sundays and to go to see 

them in the week, helping them as much as possible. From this 

SMITHWICK HICKORY TREE—60 YEARS OLD—14 VARIETIES OF 

PECANS BUDDED TO TOP. 

Two young ladies, 

Misses Eva and Leila 

Gardner, are rural 

teachers i n Newton 

County. They are set 

ting a pace that teach 

ers of small rural 

schools elsewhere might 

do well to follow. They 

realise that the children 

need not only the text- 

hooks, but practical dem 

onstration and example. 

They are being sat 

isfactorily repaid for 

their efforts as the par 

ents are co-operating 

with them in every .pos 

sible way, and are ex 

pressing their apprecia 

tion of the excellent re 

sults, that are being ob 

tained. This school is 

said to be the first rural 

garden school in Geor 

gia, as well as the pio 

neer in teaching care of 

poultry and pigs.


little cabin school, I grew so interested in these neglected children 

and the renters living near by that I would ride horseback for 

miles, sometimes staying for dinner in their humble but hospitable 

homes. 

"I started four other schools in different parts of the county. 

But after a year's experience, I realized that the real need of 

these, our own American people, was to have an industrial school 

where they could be taught farming, shop work, cooking, dairy 

ing and sanitation for grounds and homes, and where they could 

come under the influence of trained and consecrated men and 

women. 

"In 1902 I deeded a place that my father had given me to a 

board of trustees, planning to use this place for a school for boys 

who lived in remote rural districts and mountains where there 

were no nine months' schools and who were too poor to be sent off 

to school. I put up a dormitory and with only a little white 

washed school house we opened school with five boys. 

"The Berry School was incorporated under the laws of the 

State of Georgia, the property to be held in trust by its board of 

trustees. I had gone so far into my means that there was noth 

ing left for me to give except my time and service. At this time 

we were receiving no outside aid and it was very hard, with my 

SCENE ON OLD PLANTATION IN SOUTH GEORGIA.


limited income, to take care of this rapidly growing school. I 

went to New York and after hard struggles and many discourage 

ments I succeeded in making a few friends, the nucleus for many 

others. 

"I expected the boys to do the washing, cooking, putting up 

building's, looking after the farm and dairy and planned for them 

to do two years of high school work, but I soon found that I was 

expecting too much and I also learned the cost to keep boys and 

feed them. Had I known this at first I think I should have 

started with girls because it costs $2.00 a month more to board 

a boy than a girl. 

"After fifteen years, we now have 250 boys and 140 girls, 40 

buildings, and five thousand acres of land. To reach these pro 

portions, I have had to give all my time and bend every energy to 

this one cause. I have been fortunate in securing capable, Chris 

tian workers, and we owe our efficient business system, which 

has been copied by schools throughout the country, to the able 

President of Board of Trustees, who gives his time to the school 

without stint. 

"Each acitvity of the school is under a competent departmental 

head and the income and disbursements are looked after by a 

bonded comptroller whose accounts are audited regularly by the 

American Audit Company. 

ROAD VIEW, NEAR OLD BOSTON, THOMAS COUNTY.


"All the work of the place is done by the students under the 

direction of trained leaders. We have sent out some fifteen hun 

dred boys, who came to us from the most poorly equipped homes 

without even the rudiments of an education, knowing nothing of 

the value of time or how to work with hands and head together; 

but who went forth fitted to be real leaders in their communities. 

We are forced to turn away hundreds of applicants waiting to be 

admitted. 

"So great was the need to educate our girls from the moun 

tains and remote rural districts that six years ago I started the 

school for girls, a mile from the boys' school. The boys cut the 

logs and put up all the buildings, under the direction of a master 

builder, made the furniture in our shops, and the girls wove the 

rugs and made the curtains. So we have a 'home made' and 

'homespun' school. We use the cottage system for the girls, 

and they are trained to be good home-makers and practical, effi 

cient women. They have courses in cooking, gardening, weaving, 

home-nursing and basket-making, and they are under the direct 

influence of inspiring Christian teachers. 

"Boys and girls come to us from the mountains and valleys all 

over Georgia, Alabama, Tennessee, the Carolinas, Virginia and 

Kentucky. We are now sending back to their homes trained 

farmers, teachers, preachers, practical builders and leaders in com- 

CORN FATTENS HOGS, HOGS FATTEN BANK ACCOUNTS.


munity life. Last year we entertained between three and four 

hundred visitors, teachers and people from schools, farms and 

other institutions, who came here to study this school in order to 

duplicate it, or to get ideas or inspiration for similar work. Our 

school motto is 'Be a lifter, not a leaner.' 

"We need buildings and funds so that we can help more boys 

and girls. The work is not denominational but Christian in char 

acter, and is supported entirely by voluntary gifts from friends 

throughout the country. We have no paid agent in the field and 

our only advertisement has been the simple story as I have writ 

ten and told it whenever I could find the opportunity. Our school 

runs twelve months in the year—three terms. In this way, we 

can help the boys in school and also help those who have to drop 

out and work for a term. Prayer and work have made the Berry 

School." 

A SUN-KIST GARDEN JEWEL. 

Peanuts are money 

winners in Georgia. In 

1915, Elisha Lott, of 

Coffee County, made a 

net profit of $6,195 

from the peanuts grown 

on 150 acres, not count 

ing the value of the 

nuts left in the soil 

after harvesting, and 

upon which he grazed 

300 hogs. These hogs 

made an average gain 

of 7o pounds each. 

Figuring the cost of 

preparations, planting, 

cultivating, fertilizing, 

liming, land rental and 

harvesting at $26.30. 

and the value of the 

crop being $6~.SO an 

acre, he had a net profit 

of $41.30. This sort of 

experience is giving pea 

nut production an im 

portant place in the 

State's record of diver 

sification.

The noticeable pros 

perity and progressive 

spirit in Golguitt and 

neighboring counties 

during the past year or 

tioo is attributable di 

rectly to the packing 

plant at Moultrie. The 

hog is becoming the all 

important crop, and as 

it gathers its own 

food, the farmer is 

saved the expense of 

harvesting. Moultrie 

business men consider 

their packing house 

stock as a good invest 

ment, even though no 

dividends were declared, 

as the cash -paid the 

farmers for hogs is al 

most immediately put 

into circulation through 

the banks and stores. 

Every farmer now aims 

to raise a surplus of 

hogs to provide him 

with ready cash. 


DR. JJKAN'S RECORD OAT FIELD AT DAWSOX. 

Feed Growing and Stock Raising in 

South Georgia 

The opportunities for growing feed and raising stock in South 

Georgia are unequalled in any section and far surpass those of 

the northern and middle western states, says J. N. Ashley, of 

Valdosta. This is due to the character of the soil and climatic 

conditions. «. 

As an illustration of what can be done in South Georgia along 

these lines of husbandry, a farmer can sow his lands to oats and 

vetch in October or early November and about the first of May 

mow two tons of forage of excellent feed valued He can then 

plant the same land to corn and velvet, beans, soy beans, cow peas, 

peanuts and sweet potatoes and gather an abundant harvest in 

ample time to again plant oats and vetch, and all the while be 

greatly improving the soil. 

All of the above products have wonderful feed values for hogs 

and cattle, and that portion of the crops intended for home feed 

ing need not be harvested as the animals will gather them in 

regular order as they mature or become ready for feed, thus sav 

ing labor and expensive barns for storage, and at the same time 

rounding out into a finished animal for the packing house, or pro 

ducing milk and butter. The climate is such that the housing of 

stock is not necessary, and swine may be farrowed regularly twice 

annually and allowed the range of field or pasture at all seasons 

of the year. 

The velvet bean has a market value of $18.00 per ton, in the 

pods, for commercial purposes, produces one to two tons per 

acre and is grown along with corn that yields forty or more


bushels per acre. The value of soy beans and cow peas is too 

well known to require comment. The peanut produces an average 

of one ton of nuts and a ton of hay per acre with a market value 

in unlimited quantities of $50.00 and $20.00 respectively. 

South Georgia will soon have several up-to-date packing plants, 

and a number of crusher plants for the grinding and mixing of 

feed from beans, peas, corn, peavine and peanut hay. The cotton 

seed oil mills are already prepared to handle peanuts in any 

quantity at the price mentioned. 

So it will be seen that a farmer engaged in feed growing and 

stock raising in South Georgia has three to four chances to make 

good. If disease should attack his herds and he has a surplus 

of feed stuff, by having same planted so that harvesting may be 

done, a ready market awaits him, and at prices that give a return 

of from $50.00 to $100.00 per acre on lands that can be bought for 

$30.00. 

Why don't the Southern farmer do this ? The Southern farmer 

has been a cotton planter for generations and .the habit is bred in 

the bone. Son has been trained by father and father by grand 

father so many years until he is as fixed in the one crop idea as 

the Chinese in the worship of Confucius. 

A GEORGIA BEEP FACTORY. 

Just how interested 

Georgians are in pure 

bred cattle was illus 

trated by o sale of 

Shorthorns in Willces 

County recently, when 

at auction thirty head 

brought an average 

price of over $300, ana 

of the whole number 

only seven went outside 

of the county. This is 

a fine record under the 

circumstances, as it 

was in a section long 

known as an all-cotton 

county. Georgia farm 

ers are alive to the 

value of live stock, and 

it is a safe prophecy 

that Georgia and the 

Southeast will in the 

qourse of a few genera 

tions become the chief 

meat producing section 

and smoke house of the 

United States.

In Fulton County, 

near Atlanta, live the 

Deckner Brothers, three 

of them, and own to 

gether a lo-acre farm. 

It is just an ordinary 

farm, with the same 

type of soil ana the 

same climate ana the 

same weeds as' many 

other Georgia farms, 

but they have made it 

support in comfort 

three families, build 

three excellent farm 

houses, and bring 

them, an increasing 

profit each year. They 

raise winter vegetables 

for the Atlanta market, 

and 'make every field 

yield three crops a 

year. They make three 

or snore plantings of 

each kind of vegetable, 

and as fast as one vege 

table runs out another 

takes it place. 


WHERE MARTHA BERRY'S SCHOOL STARTED. 

They say, oh well! The boll weevil will soon destroy the cotton 

and then the southern farmer will be forced to adopt other 

methods. But through improved varieties of early maturing 

nature, and the proper attention to burning the stalks those sec 

tions that suffered a few years ago are now growing cotton again 

in practically the same quantity as before the weevil came. Then 

too, the shortening of the crop raises the price and all the powers 

on earth can not turn the cotton planter. 

$100 An Acre for Sweet Potatoes 

Four hundred dollars from four acres of sweet potatoes is a" 

pretty fair crop, and means more net cash for the grower than, 

cotton at twenty cents a pound, even in a good year to raise cotton. 

A farmer near Tifton from four acres in sweet potatoes has 

sold this season 171 bushels at $1 a bushel and 125 bushels at 80 

cents a bushel; a total, $271. He has for sale one hundred bush 

els more that he is holding for $i and will get it. Besides this, 

he has his seed potatoes and has fed the culls to the hogs. Esti 

mating his potatoes or sale and the others at $129, he has $400 

from his four acres. And this is a very poor year for sweet 

potatoes. 

A sweet potato crop can be made in four months, leaving the 

use of the land for other crops two-thirds of the year.


Southeastern Land Snow, Atlanta, Ga., 

February 1 to 15, 1917 

The work of the Georgia Chamber of Commerce and other 

progressive interests in the State, in fostering increased agricul 

tural and industrial development, resulted in 1916 in the organ 

ization of the Southeastern Land Show, which will open at the 

Auditorium in Atlanta for two weeks, February i to 15, 1917, 

and annually thereafter. This is the first land show ever held in 

the Southern States, and is planned to be the big mid-winter event 

in Southern progress and prosperity. 

Intended at the start to be limited in scope to the State of 

Georgia, consideration of the mutual and compact interests of 

Georgia, Florida, South Carolina and Alabama, led to an en 

largement of the plans to include all four states. It will provide 

a market place for land owners and land seekers, where maps 

and soils and sample products may be studied, and sales con 

summated. 

To the many thousands of successful farmers in other states, 

who for various reasons, good and sufficient, would like to better 

their condition, these four Southeastern States offer a whole 

world of opportunities. From the high mountain tops of the 

other three states, where their corners join among the clouds, to 

the southern tip of tropical Florida, can be grown everything and 

anything any lands anywhere can produce. And climates and 

soils may be found in equally great variety. 

RECITATION HALL. MARTHA BEKRY SCHOOL, ROME 

Since beef is naught 

else but transformed 

feed, if Georgia can 

produce the feed as 

cheaply as the North, 

beef raising should be 

more profitable here. 

When Georgia boys are 

making 50 bushels of 

corn to an acre, on land 

held at values less than 

half that of western 

corn belt lands; when 

that same west is buy 

ing Georgia cotton seed 

meal as concentrates; 

when in cowpeas, soy 

beans, velvet beans and 

Japanese cane, Georgia 

has prime feeds; it then 

becomes only a matter 

of pasturage. And Ber 

muda and other grass 

es are Georgia's "long 

suit." Both feeds and 

climate favor Georgia 

and proximity to the 

markets is a big factor.

The negro farmer 

plays an important role 

in the agriculture of 

Georgia, and the aver 

age low production of 

the state is largely due 

to his inefficiency. Com 

paring' tieo groups of 

counties, eight coun 

ties in each group, one 

with 8,000 white farm 

ers and 3,000 negroes, 

makes a Dale of cotton 

on from one to two 

acres. In the other 

group, with 4,000 

whites and 1,000 ne 

groes, it requires three 

acres to make a bale. 

An active campaign of 

education among the 

negro farmers is being 

conducted by the exten 

sion department of the 

State Agricultural Col 

lege, in co-operation 

with the federal gov 

ernment. 

i8o FACTS ABOUT GEORGIA 

BLACKSTOXE HALL. MARTHA BERRT SCHOOL, ROME. 

Here among a homogenous and congenial people are lands 

that may be purchased for the proverbial song, as compared to 

land values in the north arid west. 

Here are the thousand hills awaiting the cattle; and smiling 

valleys and plains where milk and honey may flow unhindered. 

Succulent grasses everywhere abound, and soils by nature 

adapted to all sorts of fruits; in certain localities apples, plums 

or apricots thrive best, while in others pecans or peaches or 

grapes or figs or melons or oranges or grapefruit, mature more 

readily and successfully. Homeseekers can find whatever they 

desire somewhere in Georgia, Florida, Alabama or South Carolina. 

At the Southeastern Land Show will be found representatives 

of the state governments, of counties and cities, chambers of 

commerce, state and district fairs, agricultural colleges, railroads, 

real estate owners and managers, bankers, development com 

panies, packing houses, cattle, dairy and hog men, mine and 

quarry owners, merchants, fruit growers, and farmers. They are 

a.ll interested in exploiting the resources of the Southeast, and 

in settling the big untilled areas with thrifty farmers and busy 

factories. They announce to the ambitious people of other states, 

the opening of the new shop, where by charts, maps, photographs 

and books, as well as by actual samples of products, will be shown 

the quality and price of their wares. 

The Southeastern Land Show provides a clearing house of op 

portunities. It is held at a season of the year when it is compar 

atively easy for northern men and women to leave their snow-


bound homes and farms. Snow plows, snow shoes, ice boats and 

skates may be left behind. It will be winter here too, but winter 

with the bitter sting taken out, and no long heart-freezing spells 

to blast hopes and wither ambitions. Something green can be 

found growing in a southeastern garden all winter long. 

It is the expectation of its promoters in the Georgia Chamber 

of Commerce that the Southeastern Land Show at Atlanta in 

February, 1917, will be the nucleus of a permanent all-year-round 

land show and general exposition of southeastern products, in 

dustrial as well as agricultural. 

Ola Roman vv riter Summarizes 

Georgia s Resources 

In his endeavor to sum up all the wonderful resources of 

Georgia and tell the whole story simply and comprehensively in 

the fewest possible words, the editor of Facts About Georgia was 

almost in despair when his attention was called by Managing 

Editor George Long, of the Macon Telegraph, to a passage in a 

book written many, many years ago. As some of the best de 

scriptions of places and events have been written by men who 

BILUNGS HOME, NEAR THOMASVILLE.

There is no reason 

why thousands of bush 

els of Irish potatoes 

sold in Georgia each 

winter should not 'be 

grown here at home, in 

stead of in Maine, 

Michigan, and other far 

away states. At least 

Georgia should grow its 

home supply. Frank E. 

Sadler, of Hart County, 

has shown what can be 

done with them as a 

second crop. In 1S15, 

following a wheat crop, 

he made 340 bushels on 

one and one-half acres. 

The previous year oats 

and peas had been 

grown on the land, and 

then a crop of cotton, 

which was followed by 

wheat and then the 

Irish potatoes. Rota 

tion seems to be the 

proper principle to ap 

ply with all crops. 


A WHITE-FACE GREETING FROM GEORGIA. 

never saw the country they portray, so it is not surprising that 

the most graphic account of Georgia and its rich, natural heritage 

should have been penned by that noble old Roman, Dionysius. 

Nor does it matter so much that Dionysius used his masterpiece 

of literature to describe the country now called Italy. What we 

claim is that he had a prophetic vision of Georgia, and, being 

called upon in a hurry by the Roman Chamber of Commerce of 

that time to write a book of Facts About Italy, he used the 

Georgia vision as copy. 

WITNESS : 

. for I look upon that country as the best which 

stands least in need of foreign commodities. Now I am 

persuaded that——enjoys this universal fertility beyond 

all countries in the world. For it contains a good deal of 

arable land, without wanting pastures and forests., and 

abounds, I may say, in delights and advantages. Un 

paralleled are the planes . . . which yield three crops 

a year, bringing to perfection the winter, summer and 

autumnal grain . . . there are pastures for sheep, 

goats, horses and neat cattle; there are marsh grasses 

wet with dew, and the meadow grasses of the hills are


growing in untilled places. I can not help admiring the 

forests full of all kinds of trees, which supply timber for 

ships and houses. All these materials are ready at hand, 

for the coast is near, and there are many rivers that 

water the land and make easy the exchange of every 

thing the country produces. 

Hot water springs, also, have been discovered in many 

places, affording pleasant baths and cures for chronic 

sickness. There are mines of various sorts, plenty of 

beats for hunting, and a variety of seafish, besides other 

things innumerable, some useful and others worthy of 

admiration. But the most advantageous of all is the 

happy temper of the air, suiting itself to every season. 

So that neither the formation of the fruits nor the con 

stitution of the animals is in the least injured by exces 

sive heat or cold. 

The Georgia Bankers Association through a special agricultural 

committee has established scholarships to enable high school grad 

uates in rural Georgia to obtain short courses in the State Agri 

cultural College. Last year fifteen boys and fifteen girls were 

thus provided with a technical course in scientific farming. 

ON DIXIE HIGHWAY, NEAR THOMASVILLE.

iS4 FACTS ABOUT GEORGIA 

The \Voman s Club Movement and its Growth 

in Georgia 

BY MRS. NELLIE PETERS BLACK, 

President Georgia State Federation of Woman's Clubs. 

The Woman's Board of the great International Exposition of 

1895, held in Atlanta 1896, invited a number of prominent women 

of the United States to take part in a "Woman's Congress" in 

the Spring of 1896. From the inspiration of this meeting grew 

the forming of the Atlanta Woman's Club. The success of this 

Club was so marked that other clubs were formed in Georgia, 

and it was later deemed expedient to bring all these organizations 

together in one body. Therefore the Georgia Federation of 

Woman's Clubs was organized in the Fall of 1896. 

From this small beginning has grown a wonderful organiza 

tion which now in 1916, at the annual meeting in Macon, reported 

340 clubs with an enrollment of 25,000 members, and a financial 

record of an expenditure of 98,000 dollars during the year. We 

doubt if any like sum of money has ever been spent more hon 

estly and freer from graft, or more directly for the good of 

humanity. 

ROSE WALK, J. H. WADE PLANTATION, THOMAS COUNTY.


The activities of the clubs embrace philanthropy, literature, 

education, civics, health, in fact everything that pertains to the 

uplift and benefit of humanity, particularly women and children. 

A special effort is being made to have a beautiful Georgia, and 

the greatest interest is being shown in planting trees and shrubs 

on our highways. We feel that there is no more vital force at 

work in our State than this organization, and we beg that every 

man in Georgia will stand side by side with the women and give 

every encouragement by word and deed to them, for they love 

their State, and are working faithfully to make it the fairest and 

most self-supporting in the land. 

Banks Co-operate witli Farmers 

The banks and bankers of Georgia are generally co-operating 

with the farmers to advance the agricultural interests of their 

communities. In Tattnall County ten banks have an association 

through which to finance individual and collective efforts to se 

cure good breeding stock. In order to provide the necessary 

markets the association is financing new produce and warehouse 

companies. These banks are loaning farmers half the purchase 

money for Percheron mares. 

OLD MILL POND, MILL POND PLANTATION, THOMAS COUNTY.

It has been discovered 

lately that the waste 

from the marble quar 

ries of Georgia ftos a 

high commercial value 

as fertilizer and for 

various other purposes. 

A company has teen 

organized and begun 

operations in the marble 

quarry section, utiliz 

ing the vast accumula 

tions of the past quarter 

of a century. It is 

ground, sifted and 

graded. In pulverized 

form it will be used ex 

tensively as fertilizer, 

and in putty industry; 

also for all kinds of 

tarraze tile paving. It 

is an excellent substi 

tute for chalk. State 

Geologist McCallie is 

fostering the enterprise, 

which bids fair to add 

materially to the com 

mercial wealth of the 

State. 


Georgia's One-Hundred and Fifty- 

Two Counties 

Their Physical Condition, Resources ana 

Industries 

Something of the conditions in each county, the population, 

county seat, taxable property values, agricultural, manufacturing 

and mining industries and resources, average altitude above the 

sea, and the average value of ordinary farm lands, may be 

gleaned from the brief statements appended. This information 

was compiled by the State Agricultural Department. The figures 

were taken from official records wherever possible. The popula 

tion figures were local official estimates for the end of 1915. 

Regarding the average value of farm lands, Commissioner 

Price states that the figures given in no case represent the value 

of the higher class or best farm lands of the counties, but simply 

an average of lands which may be used for agricultural purposes. 

These figures are furnished in most cases by the county officials, 

and as their natural sources of information are the returns made 

for taxation, due allowance may be made. The Commissioner of 

SILVER LACE WTANDOTTES, MIDDLEBEOOKS FARM, BIBB COUNTY


BAKI41SD HOCKS, MIDDLEBROOKS FARM, NEAR MACON 

Agriculture further states that "in nearly every county in Georgia 

there are lands that sell as high as $50 and even $75 and $100 

an acre, and yet these best lands, on which often as many as 

three crops a year may be made, may be had at half the price 

now paid for high-class Western one-crop lands. Likewise there 

are many acres in most 'Georgia counties which may be had 

around the average price given, and in some instances even 

lower." Proximity to a railroad shipping station largely governs 

values. 

APFLING County, 14,000; Baxley, 1,500; taxable property, $4,- 

129,019. Farm products: Cotton, corn, cane, potatoes, hay, mel 

ons, cattle and hogs for shipping. Manufactures: Lumber and 

naval stores. Average altitude, 206 feet. Average value farm 

lands, $10 an acre. 

BACON County, 12,000; Alma. 1,200; area, square miles, 332; 

taxable property, $1,750,000. Farm products: Cotton, corn, 

melons. Manufactures: Building material, oil mill, cotton gins. 

Average altitude, 205 feet. Average value land per acre, $15. 

BAKER County, 6,500; Newton, 460; taxable property, $1,501,- 

ooo. Farm products: Cotton, corn, cane, potatoes, peaches, 

pecans, hogs, cattle and horses. Average altitude, 200 feet. Aver 

age land values per acre, $10. 

Feed, mills are spring 

ing up all over Georgia 

and providing cash mar 

kets for the farmers' 

surplus crops, other 

than cotton. Many farm 

ers already have their 

own small feed mills 

and crushers, but there 

is an increasing surplus 

of velvet beans, peanuts 

and corn, which, grown 

in combination on the 

same soil at the same 

time in Georgia, is solv 

ing many problems for 

its farmers, ana fatten 

ing their bank accounts. 

When Northern farmers 

realise the possibilities 

of growing rich feed, 

and grazing cattle on 

lands they can purchase 

now at low prices, they 

will surely want a part 

of Georgia's prosperity.

The once despised 

groundnut, goober, pin- 

der, peanut—as you will 

—has become the Icing 

crop of the Southern 

farmer. A Georgia 

farmer had only one 

hundred acres of pea 

nuts in his fields to 

show Ms banker, to 

whom he owed $1,900. 

It looked good to the 

banker, who had some 

idea of values, and said 

tie would not only can 

cel the farmer's note, 

but would give him 

$5,000 in cash to boot 

for the field of peanuts 

as it stood. The banker 

netted $6800 on the pea 

nuts and $1,800 in addi 

tion on the peavine hay. 

Good night, cotton. 


BALDWIN County, 19,672; Milledgeville, 5,119; area, 250 

square miles; taxable property, $3,489,950. Farm products: 

Corn, cotton, wheat, _oats, hay, sugarcane, peaches, apples. Min 

erals: Pottery clay. Manufactures: Cotton oil mill. Seat of 

Georgia Normal and Industrial College for Girls; State Sanita 

rium and other State institutions. Altitude, 375 feet. Average 

value farm land per acre, $18. 

BANKS County, 14,000; Homer, 225; area, 400 square miles; 


wheat, oats, rye, potatoes, peas, peaches, apples, pecans, dairies, 

5,000 cattle. Manufactures: Asbestos mines. Average altitude, 

1,700 feet. Average value farm land per acre, $20. 

BARROW County, 11,850; Winder, 3,500; area, 190 square miles; 

taxable property, $2,200,000. Farm products: Cotton, corn, peas, 

hay, wheat, oats, cane, apples, peaches, pears, pecans. Manufac 

tures : Cotton mill, cotton cloth, overall, shirts, pants, etc. Aver 

age altitude, 1,000 feet. Average value farm land per acre, $40. 

BARTOW County, 27,483; Cartersville, 4,826; area, 485 square 

miles; taxable property, $7,135,548. Farm products: Corn, wheat, 

oats, cotton, potatoes, hay, peaches, apples and small fruits. Min 

erals : Iron, manganese, ochre, bauxite, limestone. Average alti 

tude, i,loo feet. - Average value farm land per acre, $15. 

BEN HILL County, 15,000; Fitzgerald, 7,500; area, 350 square 

miles; taxable property, $3,500,000. Farm products: Cotton, 

corn, hay, pecans, pears and peaches. Manufactures: Cotton 

mills, oil mills, railroad shops, art stone plants, cigars and imple 

ment factories. Average altitude, 500 feet. Average land value 

per acre, $25. 

BERRIEN County, 23,609; Nashville, 1,180; taxable property, 

$8,000,000. Farm products: Cotton, corn, oats, peanuts, potatoes, 

fruits, strawberries, nuts, live stock. Manufactures: Lumber, 

turpentine, canneries. Average altitude, 180 feet. Average value 

farm land per acre, $20. 

BIBB County, 70,000; Macon, 55,440; area, 200 square miles; 


wheat, oats, watermelons, canteloupes, potatoes, truck, peaches, 

pecans, pears, figs, live stock. Manufactures: Cotton mills, fire 

brick, terra cotta pipes, clay products, oil mills, fertilizers, and 

numerous varied plants. Average altitude, 373 feet. Average 

value farm land per acre, $10 to $25. 

BLECKLEY County, 10,623; Cochran, 1,632; area, 225 square 


grain, hay, potatoes, cane, live stock. Manufactures: Cotton 

mills, oil mills, lumber and planing mills, fullers earth and mining. 

Average altitude, 350 feet. Average value farm land per acre, 

$25.00.


BROOKS County, 25,000; Quitman, 5,000; area, 514 square 


corn, hay, hogs, cattle, cane, oats, fruits, pecans, other nuts. 

Manufactures: Cotton mills, cooperage plants, saw mills, ice, soft 

drinks, variety works. Average altitude, 300 feet. Average 


BRYAN County, 7,500; Clyde, 200; taxable property, $1,500,600. 

Farm products: Cotton, corn, cane and potatoes. Manufactures: 

Lumber mills. Average altitude, 32 feet. Value of average farm 

land per acre, $6. 

BULLOCH County, 27,000; Statesboro, 3,500; area, 724 square 

miles; taxable property, $4,500,000. Farm products: Cotton, corn, 

beans, peanuts, hay, oats, cane, potatoes, pecans, peas, peaches, 

apples, hogs, cattle. Manufactures: Fertilizer, cotton seed oil 

mills, sawmills, tile plants. Average altitude, 200 feet. Average 


BURKE County, 29,000; Waynesboro, 3,000; area, 740 square 


corn, grain, hay, potatoes, cane, melons, pecans, horses, cattle and 

hogs. Manufactures: Wagons, oil mills, iron. Average altitude, 

350 feet. Average value farm land, $25 per acre. 

BUTTS County, 15,106; Jackson, 1,975; area, square miles, 179; 


wheat, oats, hay, potatoes, peaches, apples, watermelons, canta 

loupes, figs. Manufactures: Cotton mills, oil mills and others. 

Altitude, 850 feet. Average value farm land per acre, $15. 

CALHOUN County, 12,518; Morgan, 375; area, square miles, 

276; taxable property, $2,571,195. Farm products: Cotton, corn, 

wheat, oats, hay, sugarcane, potatoes, peaches, grapes, water 

melons, cantaloupes. Altitude, 200 feet. Average value farm 


CAMDEN County, 8,700; St. Marys, 743; area, square miles, 

718; taxable property, $2,070,005. Farm products: Corn, sugar- 

cane, cotton, rice, oats, potatoes, hay, vegetables, grapes, berries, 

melons. Average altitude, 25 feet. Average value farm land 


CAMPBELL County, 12,000; Fairburn, 1,000; area, 205; taxable 

property, $3,009,868. Farm products: Cotton, corn, apples, 

peaches, cattle and dairying. Manufactures: Cotton mills, har 

ness, brick, agricultural implements, fertilizer and general manu 

factures. Ayerage altitude, 1,000 feet. Average value farm land 


CANDLER County, 11,000; Metter, 500; area, 350 square miles; 


wheat, oats, live stock small but increasing. Average altitude, 

250 feet. Average value farm land per acre, $30. 

Bank clearings of a 

large city do not neces 

sarily indicate the 

money in the farmers' 

hands, yet it shows the 

general condition of the 

whole section, including 

the farmers. Atlanta 

is a typical representa 

tive of the larger and 

progressive cities of the 

South, and the bank 

clearings o f Atlanta, 

Saturday, September 16, 

1916, were over 3 1-2 

million dollars—a gain 

of nearly 11-4 million 

dollars over the same 

day the previous year. 

The clearings of Atlanta 

for the week ending Sep 

tember 16 were a little 

over SI 1-2 millions, and 

for the same week in 

1915 only IS 1-2 millions. 

An era of prosperity is 

at hand all through the 

South.


CAEEOLL County, 33,855; Carrollton, 4,500; area, 486 square 


corn, wheat, oats, hay, peas, alfalfa, clover, potatoes, cane, sor 

ghum, nuts, pecans, cattle, horses, mules, hogs, sheep, poultry, 

bees. Manufactures: Cotton mills, cotton oil mills, fertilizer 

plants, mining company, gold and pyrites. Average altitude, 1,100 

feet. Average value farm land per acre, $9.74. 

CATOOSA County, 7,993; Ringgold, 500; area, square miles, 171; 

taxable property, $1,478,753. Farm products: Corn, cotton, 

wheat, oats, potatoes, hay, peaches, apples, grapes, berries. Min 

erals : Sand, limestone, iron, gold. Average altitude, 1,500 feet. 

Average value farm land per acre, $10. 

CHARLTON County, 6,500; Folkston, 500; area, 300 square 


corn, hay, melons, peaches, pears, fruits, pecans, 10,000 hogs, 

6,000 cattle, 4,500 sheep and 1,000 goats. Manufactures: Saw 

mills, turpentine stills, grist mills, bottling works. Average alti 

tude, 80 feet. Average value farm land per acre, $20. 

CHATHAM County, 71,000; Savannah, 65,100; area, 427 square 

miles; taxable property, $43,669,811. Farm products: Truck for 

market, figs, pears, pecans. Manufactures: 150 plants, capital 

IN A FIFTY ACRE FIELD OF COWPBA HAY, NEAR AMERICUS


invested, $18,000,000, annual value products, $37,000,000. Aver 

age altitude, 25 feet. Average land values, $30 per acre. 

CHATTAHOOCHEE County, 5,700; Cusseta, 350; area, 180 square 

miles; taxable property, $1,139,225. Farm products: Corn, cot 

ton, oats, peas, cane, peaches, pecans, cattle and hogs. Average 

altitude, 500 feet. Average value farm land per acre, $6. 

CHATTOOGA County, 15,119; Summerville, 789; area, square 

miles, 326; taxable property, $3,558,874. Farm products: Cot 

ton, corn, wheat, oats, rye, barley, potatoes, hay, vegetables, ber 

ries, peaches, apples. Minerals: Iron, bauxite, clay, manganese, 

coal, slate, talc, sandstone. Manufactures: Cotton mills. Alti 

tude, 2,000 feet. Average value farm land per acre, $12. 

CHEROKEE County, 16,661 ; Canton, 2,500; taxable property, 

$3,846,000. Farm products: Corn, cotton, oats, wheat, peaches, 

apples, peanuts, live stock. Manufactures: Cotton mill, oil mills, 

marble plants, gold and pyrites. Average altitude, 1,000 feet. 


CLARKE County, 23,273; Athens, 20,500; area, 120 square miles ; 

taxable property, $13,034,000. Farm products: Cotton, grain, 

apples, peaches, pecans, live stock. Manufactures: Lumber, cot 

ton mills, oil mills, fertilizer, knitting, plows. Average altitude, 

800 feet. Average land value, $40 per acre. 

COWPEA AND CRAB GRASS HAT, GEOKGK rKACOCK, COCHBAN

The capital invested 

in all Georgia manufac 

tures in 1860 was $10,- 

890,875, as compared 

with $20^78,000 in 

1910. In 1916 the capi 

tal thus invested closely 

approximates $250,000,- 

000. The 735,000 Geor 

gians engaged in agri 

culture, the 145,000 de 

voting their attention to 

manufactures and me 

chanical industries, the 

46,000 employed in 

transportation, the 62,- 

000 pursuing commerce 

and trade, and the 212,- 

000 engaged in public, 

professional, domestic 

and personal services, 

make a grand aggre 

gate of 1,200,000, or 

nearly half the total 

population engaged in 

useful occupations. The 

schools and colleges are 

steadily multiplying. 


CLAY County, 8,960; Fort Gaines, 1,320; area, 216 square 


corn, peas, beans, hay, peaches, pecans. Manufactures: Oil mills 

and grist mills. Average altitude, 400 feet. Average value farm 


CLAYTON County, 12,262; Jonesboro, 1,093; area, square miles, 


oats, wheat, rye, sugarcane, potatoes, hay, peaches, apples, berries, 

melons. Minerals: Asbestos. Manufactures: Many small manu 

facturing plants. Average altitude, 1,000 feet. Average value 


CLINCH County, 9,000; Homerville, 525; area, square miles, 

1,077; taxable property, $2,285,297. Farm products: Sea Island 

cotton, corn, sugarcane, potatoes, tobacco, peaches, berries, pe 

cans and vegetables. Average altitude, 80 feet. Average value 


COBB County, 30,000; Marietta, 7,000; area, 341 square miles; 


grain, potatoes, peaches, apples, dairies, cattle and hogs for mar 

ket. Manufactures: Cotton mills, marble, chairs, oil mills, paper, 

fertilizers. Average altitude, 1,100 feet. Average value per 

acre, $27.50. 

COFFEE County, 25,000; Douglas, 5,000; area, 920 square miles; 

taxable property, $5,170,334. Farm products: Corn, oats, cotton, 

cane, peas, potatoes, vegetables, tobacco, cattle, sheep and hogs. 

Manufactures: Lumber and naval stores, fertilizer plant. Aver 

age altitude, 200 feet. Average value of farm land per acre, 

$15 to $20. 

COLQUITT County, 21,593; Moultrie, 5,000; area, 550 square 


corn, cane, oats, alfalfa, peaches, pecans, very large live stock 

industry, principally cattle and hogs, 14,000 head killed for pack 

ing house in 3 months. Manufactures: Cotton mills, packing 

plant, barrel factory, mattress. Average altitude, 600 feet. Aver 

age value per acre, $27.50. 

COLUMBIA County, 13,211; Appling, 205; area, square miles, 

306; taxable property, $1,727^73. Farm products: Corn, cotton, 

wheat, oats, peanuts, hay, peaches, apples, melons, berries, vegeta 

bles. Minerals: Gold and clay. Average altitude, 600 feet. 


COWETA County, 30,125; Newnan, 6,271; area, square miles, 


wheat, oats, rye, peanuts, hay, apples, peaches, vegetables, melons. 

Minerals: Gold and granite. Manufactures: Several large manu 

facturing plants. Average altitude, 1,100 feet. Average value 

farm land per acre, $14.


CRAWFORD County, 9,417; Knoxville, 300; area, square miles, 


oats, wheat, potatoes, sugarcane, hay, peaches, apples, pears, ber 

ries, melons, vegetables. Minerals: Clay products. Average 


CRISP County, 18,500; Cordele, 7,000; area, 269 square miles; 

taxable property, $4,910,999. Farm products: * Cotton, corn, 

Manufactures: Cotton, oil mills and general manufactures. Aver 

age altitude, 1,500 feet. Average value farm lands per acre, $25. 

BADE County, 4,360; Trenton, 222; area, 188 square miles; 

taxable property, $2,168,147. Farm products: Corn, wheat, oats, 

hay, sweet and Irish potatoes. Minerals: Coal and iron. Aver 

age altitude, 1,500 feet. Average value farm lands per acre, $25. 

DAWSON County, 5> I2S> Dawsonville, 213; area, square miles, 

209; taxable property, $949,581. Farm products: Cotton, corn, 

wheat, rye, oats, potatoes, sorghum, apples, peaches, vegetables, 

hardwoods. Minerals: Gold. Average altitude, 1,700 feet. 


DECATUR County, 35,000; Bainbridge, 6,ooO; area, 823 square 


tobacco, corn, cane, oats, hay, pecans, pears and peaches, 35,000 

head of cattle, also horses and mules, swine 95,000 head, also 

sheep and goats and poultry, bees. Manufactures: Oil mills, 

lumber, turpentine, crate factory, foundry, railroad shops, tobacco 

warehouses. Average altitude, 250 feet. Average farm land 

value, $17.80 per acre. 

DEKALB County, 35,000; Decatur, 5,300; taxable property, 

$11,735,170. Farm products: Dairying, poultry, truck, fruit, cat 

tle. Manufactures: Big granite qarries at Stone Mountain, cot 

ton and flour mills, foundries, machine shops, oil mills. Average 

altitude, 1,050 feet. Average value farm land per acre, $35. 

DODGE County, 26,350; Eastman, 3,750; area, 495 square miles; 

taxable property, $5,907,000. Farm products: Cotton, corn, pota 

toes, grain, hay, melons, peaches, pears, pecans, live stock. Manu 

facturers: Oil mill, cotton mill, fertilizer plants. Average alti 

tude, 350 feet. Average vaue farm land per acre, $20. 

DOOLY County, 20,000; Vienna, 2,500; area, 432 square miles; 

taxable property, $1,000,000. Farm products: Cotton, corn, grain, 

cane, potatoes, peaches, apples, grapes and pecans, horses, mules, 

hogs, cattle, goats. Manufactures: Cotton mills, oil mills, planing 

mills. Average altitude, 250 feet. Average value farm land per 

acre, $25. 

DOUGHERTY County, 16,035; Albany, 12,000; area, 343 square 


corn, oats, hay, potatoes, pecans, melons, hogs, cattle. Manu 

factures: 43 manufacturing plants, including lumber, feed, cot- 

The foundry, ma- 

cMne and general re 

pair shops in Georgia 

on December 31, 1915, 

including work in iron, 

steel, brass, copper and 

tin, were 185, with cap 

ital of $10,410,488, value 

of raw material to the 

amount of $3,083,000, 

and turning out manu 

factured products 

worth $6,203,106. Their 

employees numbered 

5,000, of whom 56 per 

cent, were white. In 

1860 there were 69 such 

establishments with 

combined capital of $1,- 

901,900, and manufac 

tured products to the 

value of $1,478,182. 

The establishments 

that manufacture clay 

products number 130, 

with capital of $3,951,- 

891, and products of 

$1,571,700.

Two of Georgia's pres 

ent great manufactur 

ing industries are of 

post-bellum date, viz.: 

the cotton seed oil 

mills and the fertiliser 

factories. There was 

one cotton oil mill in 

Georgia in 1880. Ao 

cording to reports to 

December 31, 1915. 

there were then 180 oil 

mills, with capital and 

investment of $14,120,- 

000, and produced man 

ufactured material that 

year to the value of 

$28,149,598. Oil mill 

employees numbered 

3,800. The fertiliser 

factories and mixing 

plants on the same 

date numbered 260. 

with capital and invest 

ment of $41,200,000, 

and products to the 

worth of $20,950,680. 


ton seed products and cotton mills. Average altitude, 200 feet. 


DOUGLAS County, 9,438; Douglasville, 1,623; area, square miles, 

212; taxable property, $2,157,386. Hardwoods. Farm products: 

Cotton, corn, wheat, oats, rye, potatoes, hay, peaches, apples, 

melons, berries, vegetables. Average altitude, 1,000 feet. Aver 

age value farnf land per acre, $10. 

EARLY County, 20,000; Blakely, 2,250; area, 515 square miles; 

taxable property, $5,500,000. Farm products: Cotton, corn, oats, 

hay (1914 cotton crop approximate 28,000 bales), hogs and cattle 

limited. Manufactures: One cotton seed oil mill, lumber.mills. 


$15 to $20. 

ECHOLS County, 3,309; Statenville, 350; area, 365 square miles; 

taxable property, $814,614. Farm products: Corn, cotton, cane, 

potatoes, pecans, peaches, apples, pears, live stock, cattle, hogs. 

Manufactures: Turpentine, sawmills. Average altitude, 123 

feet. Average value, $5 per acre. 

EFFINGHAM County, 9,971; Springfield, 525; area, 419 square 


corn, peaches, apples, pecans, peas. Average altitude, 45 feet. 


ELBERT County, 24,125; Elberton, 6,485; area, 364 square 


SOME DUCKS


RYE AND VETCH IN GEORGIA—5 FEET HIGH 

corn, wheat, oats, hay, peaches, some live stock. Manufactures: 

Cotton mills, oil mill, granite quarries, other manufacturing plants. 


$20.00. 

EMANUEL County, 25,000; Swainsboro, 2,000; area, 770 square 


corn, grain, cane, hay, peaches, grapes, pecans, cows and hogs. 

Manufactures: Cotton gins, oil mills, sawmills, turpentine plants. 


$20.00. 

EVANS County, 11,348; Claxton, 1,200; taxable property, $i,- 

850,000. Farm products: Corn, cotton, cane, potatoes, oats, hay, 

cattle, hogs and sheep. This is one of the newly established 

counties and is rapidly growing in prosperity. Average altitude, 

350 feet. Average value farm lands per acre, $20. 

There were 466 tex 

tile mills in Georgia on 

December 31, 1915, 

having a capital stock 

of $48,849,232. The 

value of raw material 

used in 1915 was $34,- 

917,576.48, and the com 

bined value of products 

was $70,S41,9Z6.81. 

There were 2,248,310 

spindles in those mills 

on December 15, 1915, 

of which 2,217,494 were 

active at that date. 

Of these spindles 11,- 

610 consumed cotton 

mixed with other fibres. 

There were no knitting 

mills in I860, but there 

were 24 in 1915 with 

3,966 knitting machines 

and 391 sewing ma 

chines. There were 

also in the cotton 

mills 66 sewing ma 

chines, and in all tex 

tile mills 43,864 looms.

The city of Savannah 

built its public market 

at an expense of $150,- 

000. To-day over 90 per 

cent, of the people of 

Savannah trade there, 

and over 75 per cent, are 

regular patrons. Sa 

vannah is studded vAth 

little paries, cut out 

at the intersections of 

the streets. It is in 

one of these parks that 

the market is built— 

at the corner of Barnard 

and Congress streets, in 

the heart of the city. 

The Savannah River 

flows not 150 feet a- 

way from it, ana trolley 

lines radiate in all 

directions. The location 

is ideal. The city mar 

shal has charge of the 

stalls. Savannah's en 

terprise might well be 

emulated by other cities 

in Georgia. 


FANNIN County, 12,574; Blue Ridge, 1,000; area, 390 square 

miles; taxable property, $2,067,324. Farm products: Corn, rye, 

wheat, Irish and sweet potatoes, oats, apples, peaches, live stock. 

Manufactures: Pure food mills. Average altitude,' i,800 feet. 


FAYETTE County, 10,600; Fayetteville, 1,050; area, 215 square 


ton, oats, peas, potatoes, wheat, hay, apples, peaches, 2,000 hogs, 

1,800 cows, other live stock. Manufactures: Oil mill, fertilizer 

plants. Average altitude, 1,100 feet. Average value farm land 


FLO YD County, 45,000; Rome, 14,900; area, 502 square miles; 

taxable property, $15,244,568. Farm products: Cotton, grain, 

apples, peaches, pecans, cattle, horses, mules, hogs, goats. Manu 

factures: 75 manufacturing plants, including agricultural imple 

ments, cotton goods, marble, fertilizers, cooperage, wagons, stoves, 

lumber, etc., bauxite and iron ore mines. Average altitude, 680 

feet. Average value farm land per acre, $10.80. 

FORSYTE County, 12,000; Gumming, 5,000; area, 252 square 


corn, oats, wheat, potatoes, apples, peaches, pears, pecans, live 

stock. Manufactures: Oil mills, fertilizers, gold mines. Average 


FRANKLIN County, 16,500; Carnesville, 400; area, 225 square 

miles; taxable property, $2,856,216. Farm products: Corn, 

wheat, cotton, oats, potatoes, hay, peaches, apples, grapes, pecans, 

live stock. .Manufactures: 15 manufacturing plants. Average 


FULTON County, 250,000; Atlanta, 200,000; area, 174 square 


corn, hay, vegetables, peaches, apples, pecans, pure bred live stock. 

There are between five and six hundred manufacturing plants 

located in Fulton County, making as many different kinds of 

articles. These include products of iron, steel, fertilizers, cotton 

oil, farm implements, engines, household articles of every nature 

and description, and even as small a thing as fish hooks. Average 


GILMER County, 9,257; Ellijay, 629; area, 450 square miles; 

taxable property, $1,250,000. Farm products: Corn, rye, peas, 

potatoes, apples, cattle over 5,000 head. Manufactures: Lumber 

mills, mines, marble and iron mines. Average altitude, 1,400 feet. 


GLASCOCK County, 4,200; Gibson, 400; area, 330 square miles; 

taxable property, $670,000. Farm, products: Corn, cotton, hay, 

wheat, oats. Altitude, 500 feet. Average value farm land per 

acre, $10.


GLYNN County, 14,317; Brunswick, 10,182; area, 439 square 

miles; taxable property, $6,590,000. Farm products: Cereals, 

grains, yams, garden truck, cattle, hogs. Manufactures: Twenty- 

six manufacturing plants, investment, $1,645,000, principally naval 

stores and lumber. Average altitude, 25 feet. Average value 


GORDON County, 15,861; Calhoun, 2,500; area, about 400 square 

miles; taxable property, $4,250,269. Farm products: Wheat, 

oats, corn, cotton, nuts, cattle, horses, Jersey pigs, Essex hogs. 

Manufactures: Brick plants, cotton mill, oil and fertilizer mill, 

lumber plant, iron ore mine. Average altitude, 1,600 feet. Aver 

age value farm land per acre, $25. 

GRADY County, 20,000; Cairo, 2,000; area, 452 square miles; 

taxable property, $3,500,000. Farm products: Cotton, corn, po 

tatoes, cane, tobacco, fruit, live stock. Manufactures: Barrel 

factories, syrup refinery. Average altitude, 324 feet. Average 

value farm lands, $20 per acre. 

GREENE County, 19,000; Greensboro, 2,000; area, 361 square 


ton, grain, hay, fruit, truck, pecans, live stock including registered 

Jerseys and race horses, dairy products. Manufactures: Cotton, 

yarn, hosiery, cotton seed oil, brick, lumber. Average altitude, 

625 feet. Average value farm lands, $12.50 per acre. 

GWINNETT County, 28,827; Lawrenceville, 1,518; area, 438 

square miles; taxable property, $5,975,683. Farm products: Cot 

ton, corn, grain, peaches, apples, fruits, berries, cattle, chickens. 

Manufactures: Cotton mills, harness, tanning, horse collars (shop 

said to be largest in world). Average altitude, 1,400 feet. Aver 

age value farm land per acre, $8.50. 

HABERSHAM County, 12,500; Clarkesville, 600; area, 283 square 

miles; taxable property, $2,650,619. Farm products: Corn, hay, 

cotton, grain, potatoes, apples, peaches, cherries, cattle, horses, 

mules, hogs. Manufactures: Oil mills, saddles, novelties, lum 

ber plants, asbestos mines. Altitude average, 1,500 feet. Average 

farm land value, $35 per acre. 

HALL County, 28,644; Gainesville, 6,575; area, square miles, 


wheat, oats, rye, potatoes, hay, apples, peaches, melons, figs, ber 

ries, hardwoods, gold, granite, building stones, brick, clay, lead 

and silver. Manufactures: Two large cotton mills, oil mills and 

others. Average altitude, 1,600 feet. Average value farm land 


HANCOCK County, 20,000; Sparta, 2,500; area, 523 square 


ton, grain, fruits, nuts, live stock and garden truck. Manufac- 

While Georgia con 

tains comparatively 

small areas of swamp 

lands, there are still 

seme fairly extensive 

tracts to be reclaimed. 

The biggest drainage 

project ever undertaken 

in the State is now un 

der way, with contracts 

let. The land to be 

drained is on the Broad 

River, beginning in 

Stephens County, and 

extending through a 

great portion of Frank 

lin County. The dis 

trict is n miles long 

and will make available 

3,000 acres of bottom 

land that is very fertile. 

It includes 30,000 acres 

on which bonds will be 

placed. The work is 

being done by individ 

ual assessment. Sim 

ilar reclamation oppor 

tunities exist elsewhere


tures: Flour, oil and other mills, also chalk mines. Average 


HARALSON County, 15,000; Buchanan, 900; area, 284 square 


corn, wheat, oats, peaches, apples, plums, good stock raising sec 

tion. Manufactures: Cotton mills, gold mines. Average altitude, 

1,200 feet. Average value farm land per acre, $15 to $17.50. 

HARRIS County, 18,942; Hamilton, 800; area, square miles, 


oats, wheat, rye, cane, potatoes, hay, apples, peaches, melons, 

berries. Average altitude, 680 feet. Average value farm land 


HART County, 16,216; Hartwell, 2,007; area, 246 square miles; 

taxable property, $2,301,368. Farm products: Corn, cotton, hay, 

grain, potatoes, peaches, apples, fruits and nuts. Manufactures: 

Cotton mills, oil mills, by-products. Average altitude, 750 feet. 


HEARD County, 14,000; Franklin, 375; area, 400 square miles; 

taxable property, $1,500,000. Farm products: Cotton and grain. 

Manufactures: Oil mill. Average altitude, 700 feet. Average 

value farm land, $12.50 per acre. 

AN ACRE OF TURNIPS, FARM OF P. LUCAS, BLOOMINGDALE


HENRY County, 20,000; McDonough, 900; area, 337 square 


corn, wheat, oats, peaches, apples. Manufactures: Yarn, fertil 

izer, knit underwear. Average altitude, 900 feet. Average value 


HOUSTON County, 23,609; Perry, 1,000; taxable property, $4,- 

598,966. Farm products: Cotton, corn, peas, hay, peaches, pe 

cans, apples, horses, mules, cows and hogs. Manufactures: 

Woolen mills, cotton mills, foundry. Average altitude, 475 feet. 


IRWIN County, 11,000; Ocilla, 2,500; taxable property, $2,921,- 

221. Farm products: Cotton, corn, oats, potatoes, hay, fruit, 

live stock. Manufactures: Oil mills, sawmills. Average alti 


JACKSON County, 24,000; Jefferson, 1,207; taxable property, 

$4,450,000. Farm products: Cotton, corn, wheat, oats, peas, pea 

nuts, potatoes, sorghum, peaches, apples, pecans, pears, horses, 

mules, cows, hogs, sheep. Manufactures: Cotton mills, oil mills, 

gins. Average altitude, 1,000 feet. Average value farm land per 

acre, $30. 

JASPER County, 16,552; Monticello, 1,580; area, 410 square 


JUST ALFALFA

One of the prettiest 

sights in Georgia last 

winter was 300 acres of 

alfalfa, clover and grain 

near Moultrie, on which 

a thousand thorough 

bred hogs were graz 

ing. These hogs were 

in fine condition and 

making gains every day 

and a profit to their 

owner. The cost of 

feeding is comparative 

ly small, for most of the 

ration was the clover 

and grain which they 

were gathering for 

themselves. Georgia is 

going into the pig busi 

ness very rapidly and 

the native farmer is 

learning to raise the 

pasture crops so neces 

sary to the production 

of cheap pork. Millions 

of acres await hog 

ranchers and their en 

terprise. 

2OO FACTS ABOUT GEORGIA 

peaches. Manufactures: Lumber mills, bobbin spool factories, 

farm implements, oil and fertilizer plants. Average altitude, 683 

feet. Average value farm land peracre, $10. 

JEFF DA vis County, 9,000; Hazlehurst, 1,500; area, 325 square 


corn, oats, potatoes, cane, peas, peaches, pecans, registered Per- 

cherons, Berkshire and other blooded hogs, Jersey and Hereford 

cattle. Manufactures: Oil mills, brick yards, turpentine plant, 

planing mills, chair factories. Average altitude, 256 feet. Aver 


JEFFERSON County, 23,225; Louisville, 1,283 i area, square miles, 


wheat, oats, hay, potatoes, peaches, apples, melons, berries. Min 

erals : Limestone and marl. Average altitude, 350 feet. Average 


JENKINS County, 18,000; Millen, 2,030; area, 400 square miles; 

taxable property, $2,062,498. Farm products: Cotton, corn, cane, 

potatoes, oats, apples, peaches, plums, pecans, hay, hogs. Manu 

factures : Cotton factory, fertilizer plant, ice plant, oil mill. 


$12.50. 

JOHNSON County, 12,897; Wrightsville, 1,389; area, 215 square 


corn, oats, cane, potatoes, peas, peaches and pears. Average alti 


JONES County, 13,103; Gray, 300; area, 401 square miles; tax 

able property, $1,988,000. Farm products: Cotton, corn, oats, 

peas and hay, fruits, live stock. Manufactures: Cotton mills. 

Average altitude, 375 feet. Value farm land per acre, $5 up to 

$100. 

LAURENS County, 35,500; Dublin, 6,500; area, 808 square miles; 


potatoes, cane, 45,000 swine; milk cows. Manufactures: Oil 

mills and extensive general manufactures. Average altitude, 234 

feet. Average value farm land per acre, $30. 

LEE County, 15,000; Leesburg, 1,000; area, 436 square miles; 


grain, cane, hay, pecans, peaches, grapes, live stock. Average 


LIBERTY County, 13,000; Hinesville, 200; area, 950 square 


ton, rice, potatoes, oats, cane, peaches, figs, grapes, pecans, live 

stock. Manufactures: Lumber plant. Average altitude; 30 feet. 


LINCOLN County, 9,625; Lincolnton, 480; area, square miles, 

290; taxable property, $1,194,202. Hardwoods. Farm products:


Cotton, corn, oats, wheat, rye, potatoes, hay, peaches, apples, 

melons, berries. Minerals: Gold and granite. Average altitude, 


LOWNDES County, 29,837; Valdosta, 14,473; area > 35 l square 

miles; taxable property, $9,267,351. Farm products: Sea Island 

cotton, hay, grain, melons, vegetables, fruits, thoroughbred hogs 

and cattle, dairying. Manufactures: Fertilizers, cotton mills, oil 

mills, foundries, machinery, wagons, buggies, cigars. Average 


LUMPKIN County, 5,444; Dahlonega, 829; area, 282 square 

miles; taxable property, $1,400,000. Farm products: Corn, oats, 

cotton, wheat, potatoes, apples, hay, peaches. Manufactures: 

Cotton gins, gold mines. Average altitude, 1,500 feet. Average 


MACON County, 15,020; Oglethorpe, 924; area, 750 square 


ton, hay, peaches and pecans (350 cars peaches shipped 1914) ; 

live stock valued $2,618,052. Manufactures: Oil mills, com 

presses, knitting mill, crate factory, bauxite mines. Average alti 

tude, 460 feet. Average value farm land, $10 per acre. 

MADISON County, 16,851; Danielsville, 325; area, 284 square 


ton, grain. Manufactures: Oil and guano. Average altitude, 

800 feet. Average value land per acre, $30. 

MARION County, 10,000; Buena Vista, 1,250; area, 360 square 


corn, hay, cane, potatoes, oats, peaches, fruit, nuts, hog and cattle 

raising small but increasing. Manufactures: Fertilizers, turpen 

tine, sawmills, coffins. Average altitude, 500 feet. Average value 


; McDuFFiE County, 11,875 '> Thomson, 2,340; area, square miles, 


wheat, oats, rye, cane, hay, vegetables of all kinds, peaches, 

apples, watermelons, cantaloupes. Minerals: Gold, clay. Aver 

age altitude, 600 feet. Average value farm land per acre, $12. 

MdNTOSH County, 7,000; Darien, 1,500; area, 400 square 

miles; taxable property, $1,250,000. Farm products: Corn, rice, 

potatoes, peas, cane, cotton and all kinds of truck, pears, peaches 

and other fruits, pecans, cattle, hogs, sheep. Manufactures: 

Brick plant, porch and swing factory, handle factory, saw and 

planing mills, ice and electric plants. Average altitude, 25 feet. 


MEKIWETHER County, 27,000; Greenville, 1,500; area, 545 


Cotton and corn,.apples, peaches, pecans. Manufactures: Cotton 

Georgia grown to 

bacco is beginning to 

take a place in the 

world's markets. The 

largest shade tobacco 

plantation in the world 

is at Amsterdam in 

Decatur County. Its 

product is Sumatra, for 

cigar wrappers, and 

brings the highest 

prices extant. Eighteen 

acres of bright leaf to 

bacco were planted in 

1014 at Nichols, in Cof 

fee County, and increas 

ed to 200 acres and more 

the following years. So 

successfully has Seen 

the experiment that 

farmers at Rockingham 

and Douglas have also 

entered the field. The 

present shortage of pot 

ash, - so essential to to 

bacco growing, is the 

only drawback to the en 

terprise.

There is nothing 

wrong with the cream 

and butter that is ship 

ped from New York 

State to Georgia, but 

there is something 

wrong with Georgia 

when it is necessary to 

have them shipped from 

such a distance. Geor 

gia needs more milk 

producers, creameries 

and cheese factories. 

The situation is improv 

ing rapidly out there is 

room for many more. 

One of the most success 

ful creameries in the 

State is the compara 

tively small one at Ea- 

tonton, established 

through the efforts of B. 

W. Hunt, a banker, and 

Dr. J. D. Weaver. It is 

co-operative, cost only 

$8,000.00, and is making 

a n average monthly 

profit of $150. 

2O2 


mills, oil mills, iron mines. Average altitude, 800 feet. Average 


MILLER County, 9,000; Colquitt, 600; area, 275 square miles; 

taxable property, $2,606,884. Farm products: Cotton, corn, pota 

toes, hay, grain, cane, hogs, cows, goats, live stock developing. 

Manufactures: Sawmills, turpentine plant, limestone. Average 

altitude, 250 feet. Average value farm land per acre, $10; some 

as high as $75. 

MILTON County, 8,645; Alpharetta, 523; area, 147 square 


ton, wheat, oats, potatoes, hay, apples, peaches, melons. Minerals: 

Mica, granite. Hardwoods. Average altitude, 1,100 feet. Aver 


MITCHELL County, 30,000; Camilla, 2,500; area, 503 square 


corn, yams, melons, hogs, cattle. Manufactures: Oil mills, fer 

tilizer plants, compresses, bottling plants. Average altitude, 700 


MONROE County, 21,000; Forsyth, 2,100; area, 480 square 


corn, oats, peaches, pecans. Manufactures: Three cotton mills, 

one milling company, oil mills, fertilizer plant. Average altitude, 


MONTGOMERY County, 19,638; Mount Vernon, 700; area, 375 


Corn, cotton, potatoes, cane, oats and hay, peaches, pecans, grapes. 

ON FARM OF STATE AGRICULTURAL COLLEGE, ATHENS i : - 

M 

'Y ; 

,4'


HEREFORD BULL, E. E. MACK, THOMAS COUNTY 


$20.00. 

MORGAN County, 20,000; Madison, 2,500; area, 272 square 


corn, hay, grain, live stock small. Manufactures: Cotton mill, 

oil mill, fertilizer plant. Average altitude, 700 feet. Average 

value land per acre, $20, some as high as $100. 

MURRAY County, 9,763; Chatsworth, 700; area, 352 square 


corn, oats, hay, apples, peaches, pears, grapes, cattle and hogs. 

Manufactures: Lumber, excelsior, flour mills. Talc and gold. 

Average altitude, 1,700 feet. Average value farm land per 

acre, $25. 

MUSCOGEE County, 36,227; Columbus, 20,554; area, 255 square 


grain, hay, vegetables, dairy products, poultry, eggs, peaches, 

value of live stock, poultry and bees $325,000. Manufactures: 

103 plants, including textile, fertilizer, foundries, agricultural 

implements, hydro-electric powers, etc. Over 200 different arti 

cles manufactured. Investment approximately $10,000,000. Aver 

age altitude, 262 feet. Average value farm land per acre, $20. 

A two million, dollar 

cattle ranch corporation 

has begun operations in 

South (teorgia. Their 

land embraces 180,000 

acres in Mclntosh and 

Bryan Counties, fifty- 

one miles from Savan 

nah. Two thousand 

head of cattle and four 

hundred sheep have al 

ready been purchased 

and more added daily. 

Four pastures of 15,000 

acres each are already 

fenced off, requiring 105 

miles of fence wire. 

. Silos are being con 

structed, artesian wells 

sunk, and more lands 

are being cleared. It is 

a gigantic enterprise, 

and indicates the thor 

ough confidence of big 

capitalists in the future 

of Georgia as a meat 

producing State.

It is not necessary to 

grow cotton in Georgia 

in order to make a good 

profit from farming. J. 

T, Roberts of Jefferson 

County has been run 

ning a large plantation 

for over four years, and 

has planted no cotton. 

He depends upon hogs, 

cattle and oats for his 

income, and besides do 

ing this successfully his 

soil has gradually im 

proved until it is now in 

a state of high fertility, 

and in the spring of the 

year the long green 

stretches of luxuriant 

oats, make a striking 

contrast to the neigh 

boring cotton fields lying 

bare. Better green fields 

the year round than 

white ones for a season 

only. The ground-needs 

cover crops, where snow 

does not tarry. 

2O4 FACTS ABOUT GEORGIA 

NEWTON County, 19,000; Covington, 3,000; area, 259 square 


corn, grain, hay, live stock including Herefords and fine hogs. 

Manufactures: Cotton mills, oil mills, fertilizer plants, total 

value, $1,000,000. Average altitude, 700 feet. Average land 

value, $25 per acre. 

OCONEE County, 11,000; Watkinsville, 600; area, 172 square 


corn, hay, grain, melons, peaches, nuts, three stock farms, hogs 

and cattle. Manufactures: Cotton mills. Average altitude, 800 


OGLETHORPE County, 20,000; Lexington, 700; area, 490 square 


corn, wheat, oats, peas, hay. Manufactures: Cotton mills, oil 

mills, fertilizer plants, furniture factory. Average altitude, 795 


PAULDING County, 14,000; Dallas, 1,500; area, 360 square 

miles; taxable property, $2,700,000. Farm products': Corn, cot 

ton, wheat, oats, potatoes, peaches, apples, pecans, 500 head 

cattle. Manufactures: Cotton mills, hosiery mills, grist mills, 

lumber and planing mills, gold, iron, copper. Average altitude, 


PICKENS County, 9,041; Jasper, 350; area, 241 square miles; 

taxable property, $1,500,000. Farm products: Corn, cotton, pota 

toes, wheat, cane, oats, apples, peaches. Manufactures: Exten 

sive marble and quarry works, total invested, $4,500,000. Average 

Altitude, 1,500 feet. Average value land per acre, $30. • 

PIERCE County, 12,500; Blackshear, 1,487; area, 550 square 

miles; taxable property, $3,959,297. Farm products: Sea Island 

cotton, corn, sweet potatoes. Manufactures: Guano factory. 


$5 to $50. 

PIKE COUNTY, 21,325; Zebulon, 723; area, square miles, 294; 


wheat, potatoes, hay, apples, peaches, melons, vegetables. Hard 

woods. Manufactures: Cotton oil mill, buggies and wagons and 

others. Average altitude, 700 feet. Average value farm land 


POLK County, 20,203; Cedartown, 6,000; area, 292 square 

miles; taxable property, $1,665,000. Farm products: Cotton and 

corn, fruits, peaches, dairy farms. Manufactures: Several cotton 

mills, cement plants, planing, box and lumber mills, oil mills, 

fertilizer works, iron mills. Average altitude, 1,000 feet. Aver 


PULASKI County, 22,835; Hawkinsville, 4,500; area, 225 square 

miles; taxable property, $3,231,880. Farm products: Cotton,


corn, oats, wheat, peas, potatoes, alfalfa, clover, pecans, peaches, 

some hogs. Manufactures: Cotton mill, brick yard, ice plant, 

cotton oil mills, ginneries, cotton compress, sawmill, fertilizer 

plants, white hickory axe handle factory. Average altitude, 350 


PUTNAM County, 13,876; Eatonton, 2,000; area, 350 square 


corn, potatoes and all kinds of vegetables, cattle, live stock, pe 

cans, peaches. Manufactures: Cotton mills, cotton oil mill, grain 

mill, canning factory, dairy. Average altitude, 700 feet. Average 


QUITMAN County, 4,600; Georgetown, 500; area, 272 square 

miles; taxable property, $692,390. Farm products: Cotton, corn, 

potatoes, peanuts, oats, wheat, cane, peaches, pecans, hogs, cattle. 


$15.00. 

RABUN County, 5,562; Clayton, 600; area, 344 square miles; 

taxable property, $1,388,000. Farm products: Corn, grain, pota 

toes, hay, especially apples, grapes, berries. Manufactures: Great 

Tallulah Falls power plant of Georgia Railway & Power Co., 

asbestos, gold and mica mines. Average altitude, 2,200 feet. 

Average value land per acre, $6. Best bottom land sells at $75 

an acre and more. 

RANDOLPH County, 19,000; Cuthbert, 3,400; area of square 


ton, corn, oats, hay, peaches and pecans. Manufactures: Oil 

mills, fertilizer plants, harness factory, grist mills, 20 sawmills. 


$15.00. 

RICHMOND County, 72,000; Augusta, 55,500; taxable property, 

$30,000,000. Farm products: Cotton, grain, hay, garden truck, 

live stock. Manufactures: 96 manufacturing plants, including 

big cotton mills, lumber mills, brick yards, foundries, and kaolin 

beds. Average altitude, 273 feet. Average value farm land per 

acre, $10 to $100. 

ROCKDALE County, 9,875; Conyers, 2,350; area, square miles, 

121; taxable property, $2,347,069. Farm products: Corn, cotton, 

wheat, oats, hay, potatoes, sugar cane, apples, peaches, melons, 

berries. Minerals: Granite in large quantities. Manufactures: 

Granite quarries, oil mills. Average altitude, 900 feet. Average 


SCHLEY County, 5,499; Ellaville, 700; area, 188 square miles; 

taxable property, $1,383,270. Farm products: Cotton. Manu 

factures: Guano. Average altitude, 400 feet. Average value 


Peanuts will "be a live 

crop in Georgia in 1917. 

The demand for seed 

nuts has raised the price 

of the 1916 crop natu 

rally, and preparations 

are already under way 

for extensive planting in 

the spring. R. F. Colson 

of Lake Pail, Lowndes 

County, netted $2,- 

000 in 1916 from 63 

acres, at $1,25 a bushel, 

and left enough in the 

field to fatten 100 hogs. 

I. G. Saunders of the 

same place made 10,000 

bushels, and claims that 

$1.25 a bushel for pea 

nuts beats even 60 cents 

for Sea Island cotton. 

The demands of the oil 

mills also make for a 

high price, and encour 

age extra planting. 

There is always a cash 

market for peanuts for 

either oil or feed.

2O6 FACTS ABOUT GEORGIA 

SCREVEN County, 22,550; Sylvania, 1,550; area, square miles, 


oats, wheat, rye, rice, sugarcane, potatoes, hay, peaches, apples 

and other fruits. Average altitude, 250 feet. Average value 


SPALDING County, 21,000; Griffin, 12,000; area, 209 square 


grain, hay, apples, peaches, pecans, over 4,000 cattle, over 4,000 

hogs, over 2,000 mules, over 500 horses. Manufactures: Cotton 

mill products, cotton seed products, vehicles. Average altitude, 


STEPHENS County, 7,500; Toccoa, 3,500; area, 171 square 


corn, grain, peaches, apples, cattle and hogs. Manufactures: 

Cotton mills, furniture, cotton compresses, oil mills, foundries. 

Average altitude, 1,055 Ieet- Average farm land value, $30 

per acre. 

STEWART County, 15,000; Lumpkin, 1,100; area, 444 square 


corn, peas, cane, oats, potatoes, peaches, pears, apples, nuts, hogs, 

cattle, horses, mules, goats. Average altitude, 600 feet. Average 

value farm land per acre, $TO. 

FOUR ACRES OP WHEAT—54 BUSHELS TO ACRE—BONA ALDBN FARM


SUMTER County, 32,000; Americus, 10,000; area, 456 square 

miles, about 180,000 acres in improved farms; taxable property, 

$8,489,060. Farm products: Cotton, corn, syrup, grain, potatoes, 

fruit, truck, pecans; exceptionally wel adapted for livestock pro 

duction. Manufactures: Oil mills, fertilizer plants, three door, 

sash and blind factories, and many minor manufacturing enter 

prises. Average altitude, 360 feet. Average value of farm lands, 

$15 an acre. 

TALBOT County, 13,175; Talbotton, 1,325; area, square miles, 

407; taxable property, $1,885,309. Farm products: Corn, oats, 

cotton, wheat, hay, rye, potatoes, peaches, apples, sugarcane. 


$12.00. 

TALIAFERRO County, 9,812; Crawfordville, 785; aera, square 


ton, corn, wheat, oats, hay, rye, potatoes, fruits and vegetables. 


$12.00. 

TATTNALL County, 13,000; Reidsville, 500; area, 440 square 


ton, cane, potatoes, oats, hay, peaches, pecans, cattle, hogs and 

ONE-HUNDRED AND FIFTY ACRES OF COWPEA HAT, NEAR MILLEN

On account of the long 

growing season in the 

State it is possible on 

any well regulated farm 

in Central or Southern 

Georgia to grow all the 

silage material neces 

sary on ground from 

which a small grain 

crop has been harvested. 

Many make a practice 

of putting in silage corn 

early, in order to be 

ready to put into the 

silo in August when 

farm work is not rush 

ing, but it is becoming 

common for silage to be 

grown on lands follow 

ing a small grain crop. 

In this way much more 

intensive use is made of 

the land. Silos are not 

as plentiful in Georgia 

as they should be but 

this demand is taxing 

manufacturers' ability 

to supply. 


sheep. Average altitude, 275 feet. Average land value per 

acre, $25. 

TAYLOR County, 11,000; Butler, 800; area, 338 square miles; 

taxable property, $i, 111,000. Farm products: Cotton, corn, oats, 

wheat, peaches. Manufactures: Fertilizer plants, cotton fac 

tories, kaolin works. Average altitude, 636 feet. Average value 


TELFAIR County, 15,475; McRae, 1,340; area, square miles, 


wheat, oats, rye, hay, potatoes, sugarcane, peaches, apples, ber 

ries, fruits and vegetables. Manufactures: Lumber, naval stores, 

cotton seed oil and others. Average altitude, 325 feet. Average 


TERRELL County, 24,115; Dawson, 4,125; area, square miles, 


wheat, oats, rye, hay, potatoes, sugarcane, apples, peaches, mel 

ons, berries, other fruits and vegetables. Manufactures: Lum 

ber, naval stores, cotton seed oil and others. Average altitude, 


THOMAS County, 29,100; Thomasville, 6,730; area, 530 square 


ton, oats, potatoes, cane rye, melons, fruits, and nuts, live stock. 


$15- 

TIFT County, 15,000; Tifton, 3,500; area, 310 square miles; 


potatoes, rice, peaches, pears, pecans, blooded cattle and hogs. 

Manufactures: Fertilizer, cotton oil, lumber and sawmills, agri 

cultural implements, cotton factory. Average altitude, 327 feet. 


TOOMBS County, 14,000; Lyons, 1,200; area, 358 square miles; 


potatoes, cane, peaches, grapes, pecans. Manufactures: Fertil 

izers, gins, sash, doors and blinds, sawmills. Average altitude, 


TOWNS County, 4,000; Hiawassee, 300; area, 100 square miles; 

taxable property, $725,000. Farm products: Corn, wheat, rye 

and oats, apples, peaches, live stock. Average altitude, 1,600 feet. 


TROUP County, 26,228; LaGrange, 11,000; area, 435 square 


corn, oats, and hay, extensive hog industry, cattle, mules and 

horses. Manufactures: Seven cotton mills, investment, $3,500,- 

ooo. Average altitude, 800 feet. Average farm land value per 

acre, $20.


TURNER County, 12,175; Ashburn, 2,400; area, square miles, 

326; taxable property, $3,137,155. Farm products: Corn, wheat, 

cotton, oats, hay, rye, potatoes, sugarcane, peaches, apples, plums, 

berries, and other fruits, melons. Manufactures: Lumber, tur 

pentine, cotton seed oil and others. Average altitude, 300 feet. 


TWIGGS County, 10,736; Jeffersonville, 1,000; area, 423 square 

miles; amount of taxable property, $1,633,556. Farm products: 

Corn, cotton, oats, wheat, hay, cane, rye, apples, peaches, pecans, 

live stock, including cattle, goats, hogs, horses, mules. Manu 

factures: Lumber, refining clay, kaolin. Average altitude, 470 

feet. Average value land per acre, $12. 

UNION County, 8,000; Blairsville, 200; taxable property, $i,- 

000,000. Farm products: Corn, wheat, oats, rye, truck, applies, 

peaches, grapes, live stock, including sheep. Average altitude, 

2,000 feet. Average value land per acre, $10. 

UPSON County, 12,757; Thomaston, 1,645; taxable property, 

$37023,019. Farm products: Corn, cotton, hay, grain, peaches, 

pecans, live stock. Manufactures: Cotton mills and cotton seed 

products, iron, mica. Average altitude, 700 feet. Average value 

of land per acre, $20. 

WALKER County, 19,564; LaFayette, 2,160; area, 432 square 


corn, grain, hay, potatoes, fruits and nuts, large number horses, 

mules, swine, cattle, sheep. Manufactures: Three cotton mills, 

tiling, tinnery, woolen mill, and other plants; coal mines, iron ore 

and bauxite. Average altitude, 2,000 feet. Average value farm 


WALTON County, 28,000; Monroe, 4,000; area, 366 square 


corn. Manufactures: Three cotton mills, five oil mills, five fer 

tilizer plants. Average altitude, 825 feet. Average value farm 


WARE County, 27,665; Waycross, 18,134; area, 804 square 

miles; taxable property, $7,641,231. Farm products: Corn, oats, 

potatoes, cane, tobacco, hay, cotton, truck, live stock, 16,000 head 

of cattle, 20,000 swine, sheep, horses, mules, goats, etc. Manu 

factures: 21 plants, capital invested, $250,000; products valued, 

$1,600,000. Average altitude, 137 feet. Average value land per 

acre, $7.50. 

WARREN County, 11,463; Warrenton, 1,300; area, 271 square 


corn, oats, peas, potatoes, peaches, pecans, live stock. Average 


WASHINGTON County, 30,174; Sandersville, 2,830; area, square 

miles, 680; taxable property, $4,936,006. Farm products: Cot- 

At one time St. Si 

mon's Island, which lies 

off the coast of Georgia 

near Briinswick, was 

extensively cultivated. 

Old inhabitants say that 

years ago so -much land 

was under cultivation 

that pine wood had to 

tie shipped from the 

mainland. Sea Island 

cotton was then the 

principal crop. Gradu 

ally the fields were 

abandoned and grew up 

to live oaks and pines. 

A-t the present time 

there is not even a cot 

ton gin on the island, 

although it contains 

over 60,000 acres. 

Such an opportunity, 

in comparative Isolation 

from boll weevil condi 

tions, to again grow Sea 

Island cotton there, will 

not long remain un 

noticed.

With the many diver 

sified farming interests 

of Oobb County, a few 

old peach orchards 

stand out prominently 

as indicators of the 

adaptability of that sec 

tion to peach growing. 

Robert Manning, of Ma 

rietta,, has a small com 

mercial orchard of Gov 

ernor Bogg, Elberta and 

Queen of Dixie peaches. 

The first named trees 

are all over ten years 

old and show no sign 

of letting up in produc 

tiveness and vigor. 

They have never been 

sprayed, and although 

never infested urith San 

Jose scale. Have proved 

profitable in spite of 

other common diseases 

and insects, such as 

brown rot and plum cur- 

culio. 

2IO FACTS ABOUT GEORGIA 

ton, corn, oats, wheat, rye, hay, potatoes, apples, peaches, berries, 

watermelons, cantaloupes, and other fruits. Minerals: Pottery, 

clay and sandstone. Manufactures: Cotton oil mills, fertilizers 

and others. Average altitude, 475 feet. Average value farm 


WAYNE County, 14,800; Jesup, 1,560; area, square miles, 766; 

taxable property, $4,023,885. Farm products: Sea Island cotton, 

corn, oats, wheat, rye, hay, sugarcane, potatoes, peaches, apples, 

melons, berries, other fruits and vegetables. Average altitude, 


WKBSTER County, 6,151; Preston, 259; area, 227 square miles; 


peas, cane, potatoes, apples, peaches, over 150,000 in live stock, 

sawmills. Average altitude, 325 feet. Average value of land 

per acre, $12.50. 

WHEELER County, 20,000; Alamo, 700; area, 262 square miles; 

taxable property, $3,000,000. Farm products: Corn, cotton, pota 

toes, hay, oats, rye, fruits and nuts, considerable live stock. Manu 

factures: Guano factories and sawmills. Average altitude, 300 

feet. Average value farm land, $20 per acre. 

WHITE County, 5,110; Cleveland, 500; area, 241 square miles; 


grain, potatoes, sorghum, apples, peaches, live stock. Manufac 

tures: Sawmills, principally hardwood, value $1,000,000; also 

gold and asbestos mines. Average altitude, 1,800 feet. Average 


WHITFIELD County, 18,000; Dalton, 5,600; area, 285 square 


corn, live stock, beef cattle and dairy products, peaches, apples. 

Manufactures: Varied industries, 22 plants, including cotton and 

lumber. Average altitude, 1,500 feet. Average value farm land 


WILCOX County, 13,446; Abbeville, 1,201; area, 400 square 


corn, pecans, stock raising beginning. Manufactures: Sawmills, 

turpentine plants, ginneries. Average altitude, 240 feet. Average 


WILKES County, 26,000; Washington, 4,000; taxable property, 

$1,600,000. Farm products: Corn, hay, peas, oats, barley, cane, 

cotton, peaches, pears, quinces, grapes, apples, pecans, horses and 

hogs, poultry. Manufactures: Furniture, oil mills, gold and 

copper mines. Average altitude, 650 feet. Average value farm 


WILKINSON County, 12,000; Irwinton, 400; area, square miles, 


oats, wheat, rye, hay, sugarcane, potatoes, apples, peaches, mel-


ons, berries, other fruits and vegetables. Minerals: Clays, lime 

stone. Average altitude, 450 feet. Average value farm land 


WORTH County, 20,000; Sylvester, 3,000; area, 651 square 


pecans, cantaloupes. Manufactures: Cotton mills, fertilizer 

plants, oil mills. Average altitude, 200 feet. Average value farm 


Canadian Makes Favorable Comparison 

At Pomona, Ga., A. Sutherland, formerly of Woodstock, 

Ontario, has a prosperous farm. He came to Georgia on account 

of his health, of which he has no complaint to make since his 

arrival, and notes particularly that while we have long summers, 

there is no such extreme heat as in his Northern home. Com 

menting on his experience in Georgia, Mr. Sutherland says: 

"One great advantage of this country is that we make two crops 

a year. It is a fine section for stock and hogs. Cotton is a good 

paying crop and can be grown to great advantage in rotation with 

other crops. I always figure on making a second crop following 

any grain. I once made eighty bushels of oats per acre, and 

followed it with corn on the same land, making thirty bushels 

per acre. Another time I made thirty-five bushels of wheat, and 

then fifty bushels of corn as a second crop. For a number of 

years I was engaged in dairying, shipping my milk to Atlanta, 

but had to give it up owing to being injured by my Jersey bull. I 

am now farming only twenty acres on my own farm, and make 

a good living from it. I think the mistake of most farmers in 

this country is that they try to farm too much land." 

Capabilities of One Plow- 

Well-balanced farming in Georgia is illustrated by R. P. Bur- 

son, of Monroe. His plan is to grow two hundred bushels of 

corn, the same of oats, and ten bales of cotton to the plow. The 

ordinary farmer thinks he is doing well to make the ten bales of 

cotton with one plow. Mr. Burson makes two bales of cotton 

to an acre in some fields, and also gathers 720 bushels of corn 

from ten acres. He has grown sixty bushels of oats per acre. 

He bales up his straw, and this fall sold 1,600 bales of it at six 

dollars a ton. He believes in the liberal use of fertilizers, but 

buys in bulk for cash. He exchanged his cotton seed for meal 

and bought acid in bulk at $9.60 a ton, so his guano, mixed, cost 

him $14.00 a ton. 

The third, annual 

Georgia animal indus 

try convention will be 

held in June, 191T, in 

Rome, under the auspi 

ces of the Georgia 

Chamber of Commerce. 

The two previous con 

ventions were held at 

Quitman, in the South 

ern portion of the State. 

The Rome event will as 

sist in stimulating the 

live stock industry in 

North Georgia. The peo 

ple of Rome and adjoin 

ing counties anticipate 

a large attendance of 

visitors from the West 

ern States, and the ex 

hibition of cattle and 

hogs will be representa 

tive of the entire South 

ern country. Large land 

owners are expected to 

demonstrate the oppor 

tunities for extensive 

cattle ranching in Geor 

gia.

ANNOUNCEMENT 

While the book FACTS ABOUT GEORGIA was in course of 

compilation such general interest zvas found and stimulated 

throughout the State in the plans and purposes of the Georgia 

Chamber of Commerce to systematically make known Georgia's 

resources in other States and countries, that it has been decided 

to carry on the work through a Publicity Bureau, under the su 

pervision of a carefully selected Committee on Publicity and In 

formation. 

The bureau has been given charge of the following features: 

THE GEORGIA EXHIBIT CARS—a State Fair on wheels— 

which, with a wide range of sample products, will tour the North 

and West for a term of years, to show Georgia's agricultural and 

industrial advantages. 

THE GEORGIA MOTION PICTURES—a series of enter 

taining and instructive films, visualizing Georgia's resources and 

activities in scenes from all sections of the State, including social 

conditions and manufacturing, mining, farming, horticultural and 

forest industries. 

HAND-BOOKS—Following the book FACTS ABOUT 

GEORGIA, will be issued a series of Hand Books, booklets and 

pamphlets, each covering a separate industry or subject in more 

comprehensive detail than has been possible to do in this general 

volume. Among the first will be the GEORGIA LIVE STOCK 

HAND BOOK, on which work is already under way. Following 

will be issued books on Dairy Products, Truck Gardening, Can 

ning and Preserving, Vegetable Oil Crops, Pecans, Apples, 

Peaches, Citrus Fruits, and others as rapidly as time and means 

will permit. 

NEWS AND INFORMATION SERVICE—In addition to 

special publications, daily, weekly and special news and informa 

tion bulletins will be provided for newspapers and magazines, 

both in and out of Georgia. These stories will cover agricultural 

and industrial subjects, semi-technical and statistical, and promo- 

tive of farming, manufacturing, mining, soil resourcefulnes, stock 

raising, immigration, gardening, fruit growing, improved trans 

portation facilities, and many other activities. 

With the co-operation of the various local Chambers of Com 

merce and the State Agricultural and Industrial Associations, the 

Publicity Bureau of the Georgia Chamber of Commerce pro 

poses to supply any and all information regarding Georgia that 

may be desired by prospective settlers or investors. 

Address—PUBLICITY BUREAU, GEORGIA CHAMBER 

OF COMMERCE, ATLANTA, GA. 

212

COMMUNITY, 

LAND AND 

INDUSTRIAL 

SUPPLEMENT 

213

CLARKECOUNTY 

A County of Good Roads, 

Good Soils, Good People 

FARMING OPPORTUNITIEg 

Clarke county boasts of one of the most suc 

cessful farms in the entire country—the College 

Farm—built up in a few years from worn out 

condition to a big money making proposition. 

What the College of Agriculture has done, any 

farmer can do, by the same methods. 

OPPORTUNITIES FOR TRUCKING 

Clarke county offers exceptional advantages for 

trucking. Soils, climate, market, public roads are 

ideal. The Athens market is far from being supplied by local truckers. 

IDEAL LIVE STOCK REGION 

Unsurpassed opportunities for live stock farming are afforded as demon 

strated by the College 

farm and other farms in 

the County. Clarke 

| county is Free From Cattle 

Ticks. Pure bred animals 

of every breed are thriv 

ing in the county. 

FARM SCENE 

SUCCESSFUL FRUIT GROWING—tlarke county successfully raises apples, 

peaches, grapes, figs, berries of all kinds, scuppernongs and a very wide range of other fruits. 

It is in the belt of the famous North Georgia orchards. 

Clarke County's Progressive Farmers Extend a Welcome to Progressive Farmers From 

Everywhere to Locate Among Them. 

Write the Chamber of Commerce, Athens, Ga., for further information

ATHENS 

A City of Education, Enterprise, 

Opportunity, Cordiality 

Unsurpassed op 

portunities for Ed 

ucation is afforded 

by splendid Public 

Schools, State Nor 

mal College, Lucy 

Gobb Institute, 

ACADEMIC BUILDING State Agricultural 

College and University of Georgia- 

Located in the rolling Piedmont region of the Appalachians, the 

Climate is Ideal in Winter and as Cool in Summer as the North. 

A City of 22,000 Inhabitants, rapidly growing, paved streets, good 

water, superior electric car service and all other city advantages- 

Splendid Market afforded for farm and garden produce from surrounding territory. 

Five Railroads and Famous Public Roads—the Commercial Center of the rich Re 

gion of Northeast Georgia. 

Abundant, cheap hydro-electric power, center of a vast region of great natural Re 

sources. 

Modern Courthouse costing $225,000, City Hall costing $75,000, splendid office 

buildings seven and nine stories high. 

Magnificent Y. M. G. A. Building— a city of Churches well attended. 

A Most Cordial Welcome to All 

Newcomers 

If interested write NOW to the Chamber of Commerce 

ATHENS, GEORGIA 

215 

< > 

< > 

< ' ' 

< ' 

< >

» Public 

Service 

•Mfc 

Corpor 

ations 

GEORGIA RAILROAD 

TO THE PUBLIC: 

SAFETY-COURTESY-SERVICE 

APPEAL FOR CO-OPERATION. 

The operation of a Railroad to the satisfaction and pleasure of its patrons and the pub 

lic is absolutely dependent upon the interest and good will of the people served. 

A railroad plant i* not like an ordinary factory, where alt operations are- under the eye 

of the Manager; but, on the contrary* in the very nature of things, most .of the railroad work 

is performed over a territory of hundreds of miles, out of sight of the Manager, and©re 

liance must be placed in subordinates. 

The Georgia Railroad is your servant, and the Management believes with pride that its 

employees, as a body, are men of more than average ability and of high personal character, 

who owe their positions to our confidence in their eagerness to give to our patrons the cour 

teous and efficient service which they have at all times a right to expect. 

The Georgia Railroad has about 2300 employees, many of whom come directly in 

contact with the public and perform duties which are complicated by the necessity for ob 

serving State and Federal requirements, and human nature has never reached a degree 

of perfection which would justify the claim that they do not make mistakes and errors, both 

of the head and the heart, like other mortals. 

However, there is every reason why these mistakes and errors should be corrected, and 

that we should strive to prevent them from happening. This is where you can help us. We 

earnestly and cordially solicit your criticisms, suggestions and complaints, in person or by 

letter to the©undersigned or any of our officers, of any deficiencies of service, or treatment 

accorded by our employees, Your communications will not only be given prompt-and care 

ful consideration, but will be duly acknowledged in every instance, and if a suggestion is im 

practicable and cannot be adopted, we will explain why and endeavor to give clear and sat 

isfactory reasons. 

Such co-operation on your part will put us in closer relationship with our patrons; will 

give us a better understanding as to what are your requirements, so that we can improve 

our service and overcome the petty©annoyances and inconveniences, which are so aggra- 

vating-to a patron, and of which it is most difficult for us to team without your help, and 

will multiply our ability to please you. 

A personal interest of this kind on your part will inure to your benefit as well as our 

own, and will help us maintain our standard -SAFETY-COURTESY-SERVICE. 

216 

CHAS. A. WICKERSHAM, 

GENERAL. MANAGER

THE 

[WestPoInQ 

.ROUTE , 

ATLANTA & WEST POINT RAILROAD CO. 

THE WESTERN RAILWAY OF ALABAMA 

TO ALL EMPLOYEES: 

SAFETY-COURTESY-SERVICE 

INFORMATION ON BLOCKADES 

ATLANTA, GA., February 1st, 1916. 

Any blockade to passenger traffic by floods, washouts, or accidents is 

always a source of keen interest on the part of the public at large, and 

especially those engaged at the time, or are about to engage in a railroad 

journey, or who are in close contact with the railroads at the time of such 

an occurrence, either as friends come to meet a train or to speed a parting 

guest, but, as a general rule, their natural curiosity is usually balked, if not 

actually offended, by the reticence of railroad employees who customarily 

give but meagre replies to inquiries, which is due of course, to a very natural, 

and In the main proper, spirit of reserve on their part in discussing a mis 

fortune of the railroad, and are unwilling to appear loquacious in the face 

of an emergency. 

It is our earnest desire to not only keep step with progress, but to lead 

the way in matters looking towards the promotion of closer common interests 

with our patrons and the public, and in line therewith this notice Is issued 

to impress you anew with the fact that it is our policy to regard the public 

as a partner in our good or bad frotunes, and not only are we willing, but 

indeed do earnestly desire that you recognize the interest and moral right 

of the public, as a member of the family, to be as fully informed as possi 

ble concerning any occurrence of this sort. 

In future, upon the occasion of any of these blockades, the Superintend 

ent will inform the Agents and Conductors as to just what has happened, 

and this Information should be promptly disseminated to the waiting public 

at stations and the passengers on trains. In the case of a woman with small 

children and a lot of miscellaneous hand baggage it is quite conceivable, 

if informed by the Agent, before boarding a train, that there would probably 

be a delay passing a blockade, or that it might be necessary to get off and 

walk around or across the obstruction, she might prefer to postpone her 

trip until next day or to a later time, and, even if this should mean the loss 

of a few fares occasionally, we would view that result with the greatest 

cheerfulness in the knowledge that discomfort or inconvenience to our good 

friends and patrons may have been averted, to the advancement of friendly 

feeling in the hearts of the people. 

CHAS. A. WICKERSHAM, 

PRESIDENT AND GENERAL MANAGER 

217 

This 

is the 

Spirit 

of 

Our 

Public 

Corpor 

atlons

Beyond all ac 

tual sources of 

supply we can 

expand to meet 

every probable 

need of the fu 

ture. We own 

and hold ready 

for development 

other water- 

power sites cap 

able of generat 

ing 300,000 ad 

ditional horse 

power. 

$>&$>Q>3>

ings 

is a name recognized in every South 

ern state as the standard for seed 

purity and excellence. 

This seed firm deals only in those 

varieties of Vegetable, Field, Farm 

and Grass Seeds as are adapted to 

planting in all the Southern States. 

The Soutn s Foremost Seed eeasmen 

The Hastings Company has no superior in Seed Quality Sup 

plied or Service Rendered in the United States and few equals in 

volume of annual business transacted. 

The Hastings Company is head and shoulders above any oth 

er seed firm in the South and has on its books the names of nearly 

one-half million seed buying customers. 

Our 100 page handsomely illustrated catalogue free on request 

a HASTINGS COMPANY 

ATLANTA 

219 

GEORGIA

GEORGIA MARBLE 

Georgia marble is unsurpassed by any known material for 

monumental and building purposes. 

The geological formation of Georgia marble began during the 

same peroid as did that of the famous Parian marble used by 

the ancients in the building of their magnificent temples and 

palaces, which remained in their stately grandeur thousands of 

years after all other building material had turned to dust. It 

possesses the same durable qualities as the Parian marble, and 

in its massive purity typifies all that is glorious and majestic 

in Divine creation. 

In the early days of Bible history marble was considered a 

precious stone, and handled by dealers in gold and silver. Its 

use as building material by King Solomon was looked upon as 

the extreme of extravagant taste for beautiful and costly con 

struction. 

Georgia's marble hills contain enough of this precious stone 

to rebuild every monument and temple of antiquity, and replace 

every monumental landmark in the world to-day, without 

serious diminuation of the available supply. 

The process of quarrying and milling marble is necessarily 

expensive because of its solid natural formation, and requires 

the patient and persistent efforts of man and machinery. ""£housands 

of expert workmen are employed by this industry in 


The varieties of texture and color in Georgia marble are 

known by established standards as Kennesaw, or White, Silver 

Grey, Cherokee, Creole and Mezzotint. 

Kennesaw marble has the smallest percentage of color par 

ticles. It is nearest white in color. It is a multitude of trans 

parent crystals of calcium carbonate, that reflects and multi 

plies the few particles of white opaque magnesium carbonate 

that are found throughout the entire construction. 

Silver Grey has the color particles so evenly distributed as to produce uniform color. In 

this marble the proportion of graphite is sufficient to produce grey shades, variously toned by 

the slightest of additional color. 

Cherokee has the color particles distributed in such manner as to produce waves and 

clouds in delicate design of white and grey, on backgrounds of intermediate tones. 

Creole presents the most striking contrast of design and coloring. Graphite predom 

inates in the various dark markings and is almost totally absent in the white background. The 

combination makes a most attractive appearance. The design is clear and sharp in the polished 

surfaces and is beautifully toned in the rough faces. 

Mezzotint is a combination of dark designs on a grey background. The grey tone that 

forms the larger proportion of the markings has graphite and a minor proportion of other color 

particles evenly distributed. The dark markings, where graphite is more prominent, cover less 

surface than in the Creole and evenly balance the tones. All of the colorings are very beautiful 

as seen in the finished surfaces. 

The sculptors of to-day have used Georgia Marble extensively because its translucency 

enables them to get a variety of lights and shadows that are impossible to secure in other 

materials, and its known durable qualities will preserve their work for the admiration of future 

generations. 

The authoritative tests, the story of formation, the expensive process of quarry and 

mill work, the acquaintance with the industry and its environment, the examples that stand 

on all sides of you and can not be refuted or harmed by any influence, the great and everincreasing 

demand for this paramount material—these form the greatest volume of evidence 

that can be put into words to convince you that, when you want natural beauty and enduring 

strength combined with beautiful designs and excellent workmanship, you have the unsurpassed 

qualifications of Georgia Marble in mind. 

Copy of our beautiful illustrated booklet entitled 'Yesterday, To-day and Forever," 

will be mailed free to any address. 

Georgia Marble Company, Tate, Ga. 

220

3K$>4*Sx§xsx3^ 

GEORGIA FARMS 

Come to the 

LAND OF PROMISE 

Where the 

ROD OF MOSES 

Is the 

HAND OF MAN 

Improved Small Farms 

OUR SPECIALTY 

We have a number of well located fertile farms, 

ranging from 40 to 100 acres each, with nice houses, 

convenient to schools, churches and markets. 

vve also handle large plantations suitable for | 

nog or cattle rancnes. 

WRITE US ABOUT GEORGIA LANDS OF ANY SORT OR DESCRIPTION 

TIGNER and DOONAN 

FORSYTH BUILDING 

ATLANTA, GA. 

221

Why Not Augusta, Georgia, 

For That Branch Plant or 

Distributing Warehouse? 

MONEY SAVED ON EVERY CAR LOAD OF FREIGHT 

Convincing Facts: 

At the head of navigation on the Savannah River, and enjoys 

practically port rates. 

Steel barges from coast, with railroad connections at Augusta 

Wharf. 

Warehouses immediate to wharf. 

Store door deliveries. 

Manufactured products at Augusta shipped into competitors' 

territory by reason of water competition in rates. 

Nine railroads allow frequent and fast shipment. 

30,000 electric horsepower available. 

Comparative Rates 

From New York via Water and Rail: 

1 3 6 A CL 

To AUGUSTA 

87 75 42 32 39 

To ATLANTA 

114 86 49 39 47 

To ATHENS 

114 86 49 39 47 

To COLUMBUS 

114 86 49 39 47 

To BIRMINGHAM 119 90 52 41 51 

Canned Goods 

Shipments by water to Augusta from New York and other Eastern points average 10 cents per 

hundred pounds lower than above given rates. 

Barge brings freight into Augusta 10 cents lower per hundred pounds than above rates, averaged 

from the East. 

Other Interesting Facts: 

97 manufacturing concerns, diversified; 6 cotton-seed oil companies, making Augusta second larg 

est cotton seed oil market in the world. 13 cotton mills. Augusta is the largest inland cotton market. 

Other manufacturing plants consist principally of iron companies, foundries, press-cloth, lumber, flour 

mills, bottling, brick, etc. Creamery recently completed. 

$350,000 postoffice recently completed. 

$500,000 hospitals just completed, rated as high as Johns Hopkins. 

$300,000 building completed for St. Joseph's Academy for girls. 

100,000 people in hour's ride of city. 

Fast schedule to all points. 

Three large Tourist Hotels. 

Augusta famous for winter resort, climate "Excelling that of the Riviera," is world-renowned. 

Golf links without parallel. 

Headquarters Ordnance Department United States Government, Department of the Gulf. 

Clearing House, seven banks, average clearings of $125,000,000. 

Manufacturers and Wholesalers Attention! 

Cotton Seed 

Products 

Twine 

Shirts 

Pottery 

Overalls 

Paper 

Some manufacturing concerns 

Oil Paper Boxes 

Hosiery 

Automobiles 

Farm Machinery 

Clothing 

And Others 

that would pay in Augusta: 

Wholesale and Dis 

tributing Houses 

Needed 

Dry Goods 

Notions 

Shoes 

Clothing 

Furniture 

Automobile Acces 

sories 

Flour 

Sugar 

Salt 

And Others 

Let the Merchants and Manufacturers' Association of Augusta Handle Your Proposition. 

Address the Secretary for Additional Information. 

222

Donalsonville, Georgia 

Donalsonville is a busy little town located in the 

western part of Decatur county with a population 

of about twelve hundred people with their own mu 

nicipally owned water works and light plant, ice and 

cold storage plants. Has two banks with a combined 

capital and surplus of more than $175,000.00 and com 

bined resources of around half a million dollars; cotton 

seed oil mills, peanut oil mills, fertilizer factory, mod 

ern hotel, a number of mercantile houses and many 

other business interests. 

SCHOOL FACILITIES UNSURPASSED. 

Donalsonville has a modern brick high school build 

ing with eleven rooms and large auditorium. The 

course of study runs through the twelfth grade. 

Here is also located the Shingler University, a modern 

college building equipped to do thorough college work. 

A DIVERSIFIED AGRICULTURAL COMMUNITY. 

Donalsonville is located near the center of what is 

conceded to be the best diversified farming section in 

Southwest Georgia; the land being gently rolling with 

a gray pebbly soil; is well adapted to the growing of 

many kinds of crops. The farmers are now diversify 

ing their crops, and where a few years ago cotton was almost the sole money crop, 

now (fall of 1916), the money received from the sale of peanuts, hogs, cattle, corn, 

velvet beans, etc., is almost equal to that received from the cotton crop. Car load 

after car load of hogs have been shipped to various packing houses in Moultrie, 

Waycross, Atlanta and Jacksonville, Pla., and corn, peanuts and other crops find 

a ready cash market. 

Here are located two of the finest herds of Hereford cattle to be found in the South, 

belonging to the Pecan Stock Farm and the Chattahoochee Lumber Company respectively, their 

show herds taking many prizes at the recent fairs held in Maeon, Atlanta, "Valdosta, Montgomery, 

and other places. Hardly any section of the State is paying as much attention to the raising 

of live stock as this community, and with the county now installing dipping vats, it might be 

said that the raising of live stock in the community is only in its infancy, yet carload after 

carload of beef cattle are being shipped from Donalsonville this fall. 

SOUTHWEST GEORGIA FAIR. 

Here is located the Southwest Georgia Fair Association, which holds an annual fair at 

Donalsonville, and the event promotes a friendly rivalry and good fellowship among all the 

people in the community. The live stock and agricultural exhibits at these fairs each year, 

equal that shown at any fair in the State, as to quality and breeding. 

FARMING LANDS. 

Good farm lands can be bought in this section at reasonable prices, ranging from twenty 

dollars per acre for farms within seven miles of Donalsonville to forty dollars per acre for lands 

partly clear of stumps within two miles of town. Good farming lands can be bought as low 

as ten dollars per acre within ten miles of this town. 

For further information, relative to Donalsonville, and this community, write to 

Chamber of Commerce, Donalsonville, Ga. 

"Come Hoe with us, you will be pleased with results." 

223

Columbus and Trade Territory 

November 22, 1916. 

Allow us to introduce to you the city of Columbus, Georgia- 

Alabama, and its trade territory. 

Columbus has been acquiring 2,00 mostly white families 

to supply required new labor. Her industries because of 

recent and continuing expansion, needed this increase in popu 

lation, tlncle Sam in the 1910 census says there are 4% 

persons in each family in the United States. Four and one- 

half times 2,000, means that within six months the population 

of Columbus has increased 9,000, because of industrial develop 

ment. According to the city directory the population of Co 

lumbus in 1911 was 42,890, in 1915, 47,340, an increase of 1,110 

annually. Add the normal yearly increase to 9,000 and the total 

to 47,340 and the present population of Columbus is near 60,000. 

This population is all within three miles of the city hall in 

Columbus. The eity corporate limits embrace less than three 

square miles. 

The Chattahoochee Kiver flows through the city. About 

10,000 people reside on its west bank in the State of Alabama. 

This population is divided almost equally by the line between 

Lee and Eussell counties. Thus the state line divides the eity 

into east and west Columbus and the county line divides west 

Columbus into Phenix and Girard Alabama. 

What has caused this increase in population? 

Columbus has over 100 industries making more than 200 

articles. Cotton manufacturing predominates and much of the 

development has been caused by prosperity in the textile busi 

ness. 

Columbus cotton mills have 388,992 spindles and employ over 

9,000 people, producing forty million pounds of cotton goods 

annually. This is the second cotton manufacturing city in the 

South, 

Columbus is situated at the head of navigation on the Chattahooehee River—the second 

in potential energy in the South—and at the foot of 118,000 twenty-four hour horse power 

developed and undeveloped. 

Columbus has 65 wholesale and 460 retail establishments. 

Columbus is primarily a city of homes. Her streets are among the most beautiful in the 

world. Her hotels excellent. Her public schools are a model for many cities, and she was the 

first city to incorporate industrial education in the public schools; her Industrial High 

School has a national reputation. 

The monthly average temperature varies from 46.5 degrees in January to 81.1 degrees in 

July, the -yearly average is 65.3 degrees. The monthly rainfall is 2.62 inches in October and 

6.25 inches in February. Total 50.31 inches annually. ' 

When the Civil War broke out, Columbus had a population of 10,000. 

Prom 1861 to 1865 Columbus was the scene of many engagements, and the last battle of 

the war between the States was fought here. The city was captured by General Wilson, April 

16, 1865, and burned after peace had been declared, because of slowness with which news 

traveled in those days. 

Because of her springs, climate, hotels, Columbus is fast becoming noted as a " stop 

over" point for tourists. 

Museogee county has the best roads in the South and the Dixie Overland Highway runs 

through the county. Tax rate five mills and no debt. The county produces $1,000,000 in agri 

cultural crops and her people consume products valued at 3% million dollars showing the oppor 

tunity for farming. 

Columbus trade territory has a population of 600,000 and the jobbing business amounts 

to $55,000,000 annually. 

Columbus warehouses have a storage capacity of 60,000 bales of cotton. About 260,000 

bales of cotton are shipped to or through Columbus annually. Columbus has a market for all 

grains, and manufactures corn into meal, also dry feed for farmers. 

The Columbus territory is distinctly agricultural, and diversified farming is fast succeed 

ing the single crop. Lands are low in value and conditions excellent for successful farming. 

These are but a few outstanding facts. For details and more information secure the Co 

lumbus book from 

COLUMBUS CHAMBER OF COMMERCE 

224

•I 

Cordele and Crisp 

County 

CORDELE IS THE LOGICAL RESULT OF A 

SITUATION. 

In 1888 the spot where Cordele now stands was a 

crossing point of two roadways hewn through a dense 

pine woods. To-day it is a popular, thriving young 

city of 8,000 busy people. Its religious life is reflected 

in eight denominational church edifices of marked 

architectural beauty. Its educational facilities are un 

equalled by any city of its size in the whole south, and 

its social and home life ife ideal. 

Cordele is on the National Highway auto route to 

Florida. 

It is the entrepot of three trunk line railroads, and 

one feeder, radiating in seven directions, and is pop 

ularly known as "the Hub City of Wiregrass Georgia." 

Fifty-six passenger trains every twenty-four hours. 

Low freights, two cotton oil mills, fertilizer plant. 

Two cotton compresses handle 100,000 bales annually. 

Local cotton crop 22,000 bales. 

Two sash, door and lumber mills. 

Coal rate $1.75—steam coal delivered $2.75. 

Openings: Cotton mill, peanut oil mill, woodworking plants—abundance of 

hardwood and yellow pine. 

CRISP COUNTY is a land of plenty and prosperity; of happy, healthful and 

contented people, who are watching and assisting the county's development and 

progress with an inspiring eagerness and activity. 

The greater portion of Crisp county is a water shed between the Flint River 

on the west and the Allapaha River on the east, with an elevation of about 400 

feet above the sea. It is the highest land between Macon and Palatka, and cool 

breezes from the seaboard temper the summer heat. The mean temperature in 

summer is 84 and in winter 48. The rainfall is 49 inches per annum. 

Crisp county lands are unusually productive and easily cultivated. 

Many prosperous farmers in the county, formerly residents of northern and 

western states, testify that they have here found better health, more fertile soil, 

greater profits from their labors, and more general contentment and happiness than 

in their old home states. 

Average value of farm lands—improved, $30.00; unimproved, $20.00. 

For information write to the 

MAYOR or CITY CLERK 

CORDELE, GEORGIA

The City of Dawson 

-== and — 

County of Terrell 

In Southwest Georgia, 66 miles south of Columbus, 

45 miles east of Eufaula, Ala., and 25 miles north of 

Albany, Ga., is situated the city of Dawson, which has 

long been one of the important commercial centers of 

the Southwestern section of Georgia. It is a young 

city possessed of great possibilities. Its elevation above 

sea level is about 600 feet, its drainage is excellent, 

and no town of like size in the state can show for the 

last two decades a better heajth record. During that 

period the mortality has more than one year fallen as 

low as one-half of one per cent, among the white 

residents. No record in this matter is had of the negro 

population. Malaria, even in very mild form, is rarely 

evidenced, and a ease of a typhoid form of fever has 

been almost unknown for ten years. The ruddiness of 

cheek, and general healthful appearance of its inhabi 

tants remind the visitor of a mountain section. An un 

surpassed sewerage system was installed about ten 

years ago. A Water Works plant supplied solely by 

artesian wells affords the town the purest of water. 

A first-class electric lighting plant furnishes light and 

power for the town. Both the last two named enterprises are municipally owned, 

and are more than self-sustaining. Two leading railroads, the Seabord and Central 

of Ga., Pass the town thus giving the place the benefit of competitive freight and 

passenger rates. Dawson enjoys a splendid Public School system, where not only 

teaching is free, but free text-books are supplied by the city, being in advance of 

the State of Georgia in this matter. Its population is made up of church goers, 

there being three fine church edifices, Methodist, Baptist and Presbyterian. There 

are other denominations represented in the town, but as yet have no separate build 

ings. A beautiful $10,000.00 Library is another educational attraction. 

Of manufacturing plants there are two lumber Variety Manufacturing Com 

panies, two Cotton Oil Mills, a Fertilizer Manufactory, and Ice Plant, two Bot 

tling plants, a prospective Peanut Mill and several other smaller manufactories. It 

is a desirable location for Cotton manufacturing plants, and these are much needed 

and wanted. Citizens of the town and surrounling county are ready to take stock 

in and co-operate in the establishment of such industries. Shipping possibilities are 

good, and the proximity of both the Chattahoochee and Flint rivers adds materially 

to such possibilities. Electric power can be had either locally or from a Hydro- 

Electric plant not far away. 

The city has a Fire Department second to none in the State of its size, and fire 

insurance rates are correspondingly moderate. Dawson is the County seat, or 

capital of Terrell County, which has long been known as the "garden spot" of 

Georgia. For three decades its cotton production has been greater per square 

mile than that of any other County in the entire Cotton belt, save one, and but four 

or five other much larger counties of Georgia have surpassed it in number of bales

The City of Dawson and 

County of Terrell 

(Continued) 

produced. It is iilled with most progressive farmers, 

who are already taking steps to discontinue the so- 

called "one crop system". It will be a surprise to 

many to know that its possibilities in grain production 

are scarcely surpassed in the State. During the last 

half dozen years quite a number of its farmers have 

raised from 50 to 163 bushels of corn on a single acre, 

and but few fail to produce all needed for home con 

sumption. One farmer produced in 1915 about 400 

bushels of Fulghum oats on three acres, and 135 measur 

ed bushels on a single acre, and an average of 73 bushels 

on 23 acres. The county is now producing a great deal 

of Wheat, the production of which is increasing each 

year. An excellent Flour mill is located just out of 

the limits of Dawson, and makes most superior flour. 

Peanuts are rapidly becoming a most important product 

of the county. A single peanut picking machine, having 

picked in the surrounding country during the recent 

fall 7,500 bushels, which were sold at good prices. A 

great quantity of hay is being made from native grasses, 

field pea vines, peanut vines, clover and alfalfa, hence 

the farmers no longer go to the fields of the West for such products. On the other 

hand Hay, Oats, Peanuts and Flour are being shipped to other points not so for 

tunate. Many of the farmers have gone into the live stock business, and there are 

now many of the finest registered cows and hogs in the county, and some of the 

farmers have begun to raise their mules. Many of these live stock have recently been 

sold and shipped to other points, both for meat and breeding purposes. Nor does 

the county confine itself to Agriculture only, but much attention is beginning to be 

paid to horticulture. Several hundred acres of the finest paper shell Pecans have 

been set during the last few years, and are growing to perfection. Many trees are 

already bearing and nuts are being shipped to all sections of the country. 50,000 

Peach trees have recently been set and several thousand are already producing the 

finest of fruit. This last departure is but the beginning of what will in a very few 

years become a great industry here as the section is highly adapted to the raising of 

many kinds of fruits and nuts, far superior to that section just a few miles south of 

it which has been so extensively advertised in this regard. Dawson, the county seat, 

has a population of about 5,000 souls, the county itself has a population of 25,000. 

There are in the bounds of Terrell county three other towns of no small importance, 

each having a population of about 800. They are Parrott, Bronwood, and Sasser. 

There are also several other hamlets, or smaller trading centers. 

In the several towns of the county there are four banks of $25,000.00 capital, one of 

$50,000.00, capital, and three of $100,000.00 capital. All have large reserves and good 

deposit accounts. 

This section will produce almost any known product of the temperate zone, rarely suffers 

from material droughts, henee rarely experiences a crop failure. A network of up-to-date, modern 

roads traverses the entire county, making travel a delight and the movement of field products 

easy and rapid. 

Terrell county can sustain a population far greater than that at present within its bounds, 

and invites progressive agriculturists and manufacturers from other less favored localities to 

come and become a part of it, with assurance of no regrets.

County 

Covering an area of 920 square miles, or 588,800 

acres, and approximately the size of Rhode Island or 

Delaware, Coffee County, situated on the ridge lands 

of the coastal plain in Southeast Georgia, when de 

veloped, her capacity will rank as an empire within 

the Empire State of the South. Of her broad fertile 

acres less than one-fourth is in cultivation. 

The cut-over lands are easy to clear and will produce 

well the first year with little cultivation. Nowhere 

can a greater variety of crops be grown. Corn and 

cotton are the leading products. High-grade sea- 

island cotton (now worth thirty cents per pound) is 

grown extensively and yields of one bale per acre are 

not unusual. Records of from one to two bales of 

upland cotton are frequent. 

In 1915 a number of the boys' corn club members 

each made above ninety bushels per acre, showing a 

net profit of $60, and above. , 

Elisha Lott, a farmer near Douglas, in the same year 

planted fifteen acres in peanuts, McGovern variety, 

from which he realized a net profit of more than six 

thousand dollars. The above statements can all be 

verified at the County Demonstrator's office. 

Oats, fieldpeas, velvet beans, sorghum, sugar cane, sweet potatoes, watermelons, 

cantaloupes, and all garden truck thrive in the loamy soil of this section and 

fabulous yields are common. Three years' experience in tobacco culture engaged 

in by several farmers in practically every district in the county thoroughly demon 

strates that high-grade tobacco can be grown at great profit. This industry is now 

permanently established. 

On account of the long mild seasons, as many as three crops a year may be 

grown on these lands. The growing of peanuts, velvet beans and sweet potatoes at 

minimum cost makes stock raising very profitable and increased attention is being 

given this important branch of diversified farming. 

Four lines of railway penetrating every part of the county and the Ocmulgee 

river, a navigable stream, forming the northern boundary, afford ample transporta 

tion facilities for marketing every crop. Douglas, the county seat, and the pro 

gressive towns of "Willacpochee, Pearson, Nicholls, West Green and Broxton, are all 

important local markets and trading centers. Desirable farm lands can be bought 

at reasonable prices and on easy terms. Health conditions are good. Church and 

school facilities are adequate. An efficient system of free rural schools, fostered by 

the state and by local taxation on the county -wide plan is the most potential in 

fluence in developing latent forces in Coffee County. A number of the rural schools 

have recently been standardized and others will follow soon. 

Among other agencies active in developing our resources and exploiting same are 

the weekly papers, the county fair, and the Douglas Chamber of Commerce. 

If what we have said above appeals to you, we urge you to address the Secretary 

of the Douglas Chamber of Commerce for further information.

City of Douglas 

Without setting forth exaggerated claims as to rank 

and importance, we give in a concise manner a few 

"Facts About Douglas," which we trust may be of 

value to interested readers of this volume. 

The subject of our sketcji is a thriving city of South 

Georgia with a population of 5,000, and situated at the 

center of Coffee, one of the large counties of the State, 

and at the intersection of two trunk lines of railway, 

Viz.: the A., B. & A., and the Georgia and Florida. The 

former, with its connections, gives us superior advan 

tages of coastal shipping facilities through the impor 

tant ports of Savannah', 120 miles; Brunswick, 97 

miles, and Jacksonville, 127 miles. It also opens to us 

the markets of the North and West through Atlanta and 

Birmingham. The latter, (Georgia and Florida) with 

its connections, gives us a through line of traffic from 

New York, Philadelphia, Baltimore, and other Eastern 

cities, via Augusta, to the Gulf Coast on the Southwest. 

In point of location, too, we desire to emphasize the 

fact that Douglas is situated on the Central Route of 

the Dixie Highway midway between Macon and Jack 

sonville. Great numbers of auto tourists journey over 

this popular thoroughfare which cuts the distance more 

than one hundred mile's between Chicago and Jack 

sonville. 

Topographically, the city is highly favored in being situated 388 feet above sea level, and 

on a cluster of hills of moderate elevation making it easy at all times to maintain the best of sani 

tary conditions, which conditions are further aided by an abundant supply of health-giving ar 

tesian water furnished by two deep wells. The superior quality of this water is fully attested 

by government analysis (Water Supply Paper 341, U. S. Geological Survey). No place of equal 

size in the state can show a more favorable health record. A look into the faces of the one 

thousand rosy-cheeked boys and girls attending the public schools will convince the most skep 

tical. 

Commercially, Douglas has made wonderful strides within the past few years. Being in the cen 

ter of a large inland trade territory in which the agricultural interests are being rapidly devel 

oped, and served by lines of railway concentrating at this point from five directions, and being the 

terminus of a splendid system of public roads radiating to all parts of the county making the 

remotest rural community easily accessible, the city occupies a commanding position in all lines 

of trade common to this section. Among her leading business enterprises and industries may be 

mentioned two banks capitalized at $100,000.00 each, three wholesale groceries, a Cotton Com 

press, lee Factory and Cold Storage, Douglas Oil & Fertilizer Co. Plant, Douglas Foundry & Ma 

chine Works, main shops'of the Georgia & Florida Ky., and numerous smaller mercantile, manu 

facturing, and industrial enterprises. 

The city owns and operates its electric light and waterworks plant, valued at $60,000, sewerage 

system at $40,000, public school buildings and grounds, at $75,000, and municipal building, erected 

in 1916, at $12,000. The Eleventh District Agricultural School, a state institution, and the Geor 

gia Normal College & Business Institute, a high class boarding school, are located here. These two 

excellent institutions attract hundreds of students annually from a wide territory thereby making 

Douglas an important educational center. 

In building the city, the religious interests were not given secondary consideration. The Bap 

tist and Methodist congregations have splendid brick buildings, each valued at $30,000. The 

Presbyterians and Episcopalians also have commodious places of worship. 

The City Hospital, owned by a chartered corporation, is an institution headed by skillful sur 

geons and physicians, and enjoys an extensive patronage. 

An active chamber of commerce with a paid secretary is supported by the business interests of 

the city. Homeseekers and investors are earnestly solicited to communicate with this organiza 

tion for full information along lines that may be of interest. 

&&&&&&&$^&&$>

. •fx$>

MILK AND HONEY 

Elberton, Elbert County, 

Georgia, a growing, progressive 

city of 7,000 inhabitants, with 

electric lights, water-works, 

sewers, paved streets, public 

schools, handsome public 

buildings, two of the South's 

greatest trunk lines of railway, and sur 

rounded by highly productive farm lands, is 

an ideal location for the man who desires to 

enter any line of business. 

Inexhaustible quarries of unrivalled gran 

ite surround the city and unlimited water- 

powers within easy access. 

Untold possibilities in the development of 

the natural resources of the county. 

CHAMBER OF COMMERCE 

ELBERTON, GEORGIA

SIX PER CENT. 

GEORGIA FARM AND CITY LOANS 

for Savings Banks, Insurance Companies, Trustees, 

Large and Small Investors. 

You can share in Georgia's prosperity by investing 

your money in Georgia Farm and Eeal Estate loans. 

Georgia offers to capital to-day a splendid field. In 

point of security, rate and quality of loan, considered 

from every standpoint, it acknowledges no other state 

as its superior. 

Georgia has not had the advertising and flood of 

immigration to inflate land values beyond conservative 

figures. 

The total value of Georgia's farm lands increased 

during the decade 1900 to 1910 by U. S. government 

figures 154.2 per cent. The prime factor in that in 

crease was productivity, and back of that were energy, 

enterprise and education. 

The big life insurance companies have not only known 

about conditions in Georgia, but have taken advantage 

of them and placed their money here in continually in 

creasing amounts, largely on farm lands, for the last 

quarter of a century. The individual with money to 

loan can afford to follow the big moneyed corpora 

tions in this respect. 

Especially are investors in Georgia loans safeguard 

ed when they have the benefit of the advice, counsel and 

assistance of a modern well-equipped trust company 

in the placing. 

The business of the SESSIONS LOAN & TRUST 

COMPANY is to secure the most conservative and 

profitable loans from all localities in the State of 


OFFERS TO INVESTORS 

Guarantee. "We guarantee perfect title of property 

securing every loan; and we agree to collect all items 

of interest and principal for investors without charge. 

Sale Conditions. Every investor purchasing a loan from us by mail is given 

one year in which to inspect property if desired, during which period we agree to 

substitute any other loan we may own of like amount if there is any cause for dis 

satisfaction with the loan sold. 

Large Investors, Savings Banks, Insurance Companies, Trustees, Etc. Our 

facilities and organization are such that we can handle the investment of more than 

five million dollars annually in choice loans. 

Write for literature and list of loans. 

SESSIONS LOAN AND TRUST COMPANY 

MOULTRIE M. SESSIONS, President, 

8>

FACTS ABOUT 

Gobb County^ Georgia 

Hills and valleys, at easy undulating grades, consti 

tute the land surface of Cobb County, with a general 

altitude of from 1,000 to 1,400, while nearly at its 

center and ten miles apart, rise the beautiful twin hills, 

known as Kennesaw Mountain and Lost Mountain, 

dominating the landscape at their altitudes of 1828 

feet. Nearly every valley is traversed by a clear run 

ning brook. About twenty-five per cent, of the County 

remains in forests, and whether regarded from the 

standpoint of scenery or cold utility, it is an ideal 

county. 

The soil, whether on the surface red or gray, has a 

o sub-soil of red clay, and it is comparatively easy to 

get a seed bed a foot thick, if needed. 

Cobb has an excellent system of graded roads, reach 

ing into every corner of the county. These are built 

and maintained by the convict system, the Cobb County 

Camp being one of the best in the State, equipped with 

all modern tools. The Dixie Highway from the West 

to Florida, passes right through the county and skirts 

around the base of historic Kennesaw Mountain. 

Good farms and good farmers are found in every part of the county, but 

there is room for five thousand more good farmers within its borders. 

Just think of it! Right at the border of the county lies a city of 170,000 

people, gaining population at the rate of 10,000 a year; furnishing a market for 

five million dollars worth of farm produce every year, and that also increasing 

enormously—and not ten per cent, of the produce demanded by this great mar 

ket comes from the nearby territory. 

Cattle and hogs can be raised in Cobb County at as low a cost as anywhere 

in the South, and much lower than in the North or West. And there is a pack 

ing house only twenty miles away. 

Dairying offers exceptional opportunities for profit. One of the largest 

and best paying herds of thoroughbred Jersey cattle in the South is in Cobb 

County; also several renowned herds of registered Herefords. There are more 

Hereford cattle in Cobb County than any other county in the state. 

Wheat and alfalfa, oats and rye, and all the cattle-food grasses are made 

with little effort. 

Crops grow in this climate nine months in the year. 

Those who would know what Georgia land can produce, should visit Cobb 

County and be satisfied. 

We have abundant streams, healthful climate and the best drinking water 

on earth. , 

For information address: 

PUBLICITY DEPARTMENT, MARIETTA, 

GEORGIA

MACON 

"The Heart of Georgia" 

City population sixty thousand, and, within a radius 

of fifty miles over seven hundred thousand. 

Post Office Receipts ....................^ 225,000 

Bank Clearings ........................ 190,000,000 

The rural population engaged in agriculture and 

horticulture, cotton, corn, wheat, oats, hay, velvet 

beans, sugar cane, peanuts, potatoes, watermelons, 

cantaloupes, peaches, plums, pears, pecans, apples, 

strawberries, cabbage, beans, cucumbers; in fact, on 

the fertile lands of Bibb county during eight months 

of the year, crops of one kind or another are growing. 

The largest peach orchards in the world are within 

thirty miles of Macon, the central distributing point 

of Georgia. 

Macon has already acquired the factors that go to make a great city— 

hydro-electric power, river navigation, municipal water plant, auto fire apparatus, 

the finest paved streets and sidewalks in the South, sanitary sewers, colleges and 

schools, hospitals, public auditoriums, library, ice plants, manufactories, cotton, 

cotton seed products, fertilizers, iron foundries, machinery and agricultural imple 

ments; stuctural iron work, brick, tile, terra-cotta, sewer pipe, building material, 

lumber, barrels, handles, veneer, etc. 

Macon is^the central point in the South for the Dixie and National High 

ways ; has eleven railroads using a million dollar terminal station. 

And needs only more manufacturing industries to develop her natural re 

sources, hardwood for furniture, canning factories for fruits and vegetables, potter 

ies and more people to take advantage of the great opportunities awaiting those 

who want to build homes in the garden spot of the South. 

ADDRESS 

Nacon Chamber of Commerce 

Macon, Georgia

A. T. SHALL. Capitalist 

Hacon, Georgia 

J. A. SMITH, Banker 

Danville, Georgia 

J. E. SMITH, JR.. Merchant 

Dublin, Georgia 

T. B. TURNER. President, Jones County 

Bank 

Haddock, Georgia 

M. D. JONES. Attorney At Law 

E. H. HOLLAND Real Estate 

Maeon. Georgia 

DR. J. C. HcAFEE. Physician 

Maeon, Georgia 

GEORGIA 

CASUALTY COMPANY 

HOME OFFICE BUILDING 

MACON, GEORGIA 

Surplus and Reserves for the Protection of its Policyholders, over $1,500,000. 

OFFICERS: 

W. E. SMALL, President E. P. AMERINE, Secretary 

/. C. McAFEE. M. D., Viee-PreMent J. C. MORTON. fait. Secretary 

]. E. SMITH. Jr.. Vice-Pretident C. L. FIELDING, Treasurer 

T. B. McRITCHIE, Vice-PreMent 

•DIRECTORS:- 

T. B. McRITCHIE. Merchandise Broker 

Newnan, Georgia 

H. T. POWBLL. President Maeon Savings' 

Bank 

Maeon. Georgia 

JNO. 8. SCHOFIELD. Vice-President, Jno. 

S. SchoBeld Sons' 

Company 


W. E. SMALL, President, Georgia Casualty 

Company, President, A. B. 

Small Co. 


J. M. FINN, President, Dublin & Laurens 

Bank 

Dublin, Georgia 

W. J. HARLEY. Banker 

Elza, Georgia 

J. B. HART, President, Maeon National 

Bank 


L. P. HILLYER, Vice-Pres't. American 

Nat'1 Bank, Director 

Federal Reserve Bank 


Writing the following lines of Casualty Insurance 

Personal Accident Plate Glass Workmen's Compensation 

Health Burglary Liability 

Automobile Liability, Collision and Property Damage 

1909 

1910 

1911 

1912 

1913 

1914 

1915 

1916 

Observe our growth—Premium income 

$6,602.95 

$74,386.73 

$203,683.77 

$336,910.24 

$412,479.83 

$611,851,80 

$1,112,686.83 

$1,85O,OOO.OO 

Specialying Auto Liability, Property Damage, Collision 

HOME OFFICE ———————————-————————————— MACON, GA. 

PETER EPES, Agency Manager '

16 

J.S.SCHO FIELD'S SON SCO. 

PROPRIETORS 

Schofield's Iron Works, Macon, Ga. 

The Largest Engine and Boiler 

Builders in the Southern States 

Also Builders o Tanks, Tanks and Towers, 

Smoke Stacks. All kinds of Sheet Iron and 

Boiler Work. 

Our Engines are built for Service, and we Guaran 

tee them. The Schofield Automatic Engine is right 

up to the notch. Write for information. 

The Schofield Skid or Wheel Saw Mill Internal 

Furnace, Water Back Boilers meet a long felt want. 

Don't buy until you see this boiler or write for prices 

and'information. 

BIRDS-EYE VIEW OF OUR PLANT

'3*s*$^^ 

Pottery Possibilities in 

the Vicinity of 

MA CON, GEORGIA 

Georgia and ten other Southern States send Twelve Million 

Dollars elsewhere every year for white tableware, porcelain fix 

tures, etc. 

The raw materials to make these necessities abound in Mid 

dle Georgia, and they can be delivered at Macon for half the 

cost at present potteries. 

Freight rates on the Manufactured articles are 12 to 50 per 

cent, less to the eleven Southern States. 

Booklet mailed on request, gives full information as to clay 

deposits, burning tests, etc. 

J. M. MALLORY, 

Industrial Agent, 

Central of Georgia Ry. 

Savannah, Ga. 

e Your Farm Home 

IN GEORGIA 

The section traversed by the Central of Georgia's two thousand 

miles of modern railway is the country of the Homeseeker's opportu 

nity that was overlooked. It has not been advertised so long as other 

sections and still has low priced land that earns more net money 

than land which costs three or four times as much where improved 

land is scarce. 

Its long growing seasons, with abundant rainfall, make more than 

one crop each year; and the healthful, mild climate As ideal for fruits 

and truck crops. But the greatest opportunity is for the general farm 

er, because of the home markets, at good prices, for all he can produce. 

A book of pictures and signed statements to prove these advan 

tages, mailed free. 

J. F. JACKSON, Agricultural Agent, 

SAVANNAH, GEORGIA 

242 

O

Industrial 

Opportunity 

In 

Central Georgia 

Central Georgia is rich in opportunity for 

diversified manufacturing. Raw materials are 

within easy reach. Shipping facilities, both 

rail and water, are most excellent, and an 

abundant and rapidly growing market is im 

mediately available. 

Macon is located in the geographical center of this great com 

munity. Manufacturers and Distributors are recognizing the advan 

tages of its central location and this city of fifty-five thousand people is 

fast becoming the market center of the State. 

For Manufacturing purposes, Hydro-Electric Power is available in 

almost unlimited quantity and at extremely reasonable rates. This 

power service is available in Macon, Forsyth, Barnesville, Thomaston, 

Griffin, Hampton, Jonesboro and Monticello. Industries in these cities 

are now utilizing over twenty thousand horse-power of electric service 

supplied by the CENTRAL GEORGIA POWER COMPANY. 

For detailed information address, 

SALES DAPARTMENT 

Central Georgia Power Co., 

MACON, GEORGIA 

^.$x§>^^ 

243 

o

Colquitt County, Georgia 

Located in the newest and richest section of the Pine 

belt of Georgia. 

Opened to railroads, settlement and agriculture with 

in the past 20 years. 

Present population 30,000 and growing rapidly. 

Average rainfall 48.8, winter temperature 51, summer 

temperature 81. 

Health record equal to any section of the U. S. 

Farm lands from $10.00 to $25.00 for unimproved, 

$15.00 to $60.00 for improved lands. 

Largest pure bred stock farm in the South. 

Only meat Packing Plant in Southeast under Govern 

ment inspection, offers daily market for hogs and cattle. 

Cotton Mills, Cotton Seed Oil and Peanut Oil Mills. 

Commercial Feed Mill and Creamery. 

Farmers are offered the opportunity of growing field 

crops, hogs and cattle through every month of the year 

and a cash market for their products at all times. 

An opportunity here for you to invest or to "Make 

a Start." 

For further particulars address Clerk, County Commissioners 

or Chamber of Commerce. 

I View of sand-clay road, hundreds of miles of which are being bnilt in Colquitt County, Georgia, 

in accordance with the Federal Government specifications at a cost of less than $600.00 per mile. 

O oO

MOULTRIE 

15,000 By 

1920 

"The Packing House City of Georgia" 

The only City in the Southeast with complete Packing Plant, 

under Federal Inspection. 

Population 7,000. Tax Values, $2,200,000 

Public School System A-l, full 11 grades, including Business 

College and Domestic Science. 

FIVE RAILROADS, 25 Passenger trains, daily. 

MORTALITY RATE, less than 1 per cent. 

Average Summer temperature 81. Winter 51. 

MUNICIPAL IMPROVEMENTS 

(Owned and operated by the City.) 

Two (2) 8 inch 500 feet Artesian Wells. Electric Light and 

Water Plant and System. Complete system of Sewage and Storm 

Sewers, Auto Fire Truck and Fire Fighting Outfit. 

RATED FOR INSURANCE AS SECOND CLASS. 

Two (2) Miles of Asphalt Street Paving. One and one-half miles 

of White Way. 

FOURTEEN: MILE BOULEVARD System entirely surround 

ing the City. Sii Miles Complete. 

A DAILY MARKET FOR EVERYTHING. 

SMALL INDUSTRIAL PLANTS WILL FIND HELP. 

For further particulars address, 

CHAMBER OP COMMERCE. 

MOULTRIE. GA.

&$>&&$>$> Rome is in closer proximity to more undeveloped 

5 horsepower than any city in the United States to-day. 

ernment shows the wonderful strides made by Rome 

3x§*e>

Be 

THOMAS PURSE, Secretary, 

Savannah Board of Trade 

Savannah is the largest and most important seaport on 

the South Atlantic Coast; is located in latitude 32%° north, and 

81%° west, and is situated on the south bank of the Savannah 

River 12 miles from the Atlantic Ocean by an air line and 18 

miles by water. 

Savannah's average temperature for the year is 67°: 

Spring, 66°; Summer, 80°; Autumn, 69°; Winter, 52°. Sa 

vannah, taken as a whole has a climate that is more equable 

than any interior point—the heat of summer and the cold of 

winter being decreased and ameliorated by the equalizing effect 

of the constant sea breezes, and its healthfulness accentuated 

by the sea ozone that freshens and vitalizes to a degree un 

known except near the coast. Snow has occurred but four 

times during the past 44 years. 

Savannah has a population of 90,000. 

Savannah as a port handles for the southeastern section of 

the United States a larger volume not only of the basic com 

merce, but commerce of every kind, than any other port that 

serves this section. 

Savannah's terminals cover approximately 5,000 acres. 

Each wharf is connected with the several trunk lines, thus 

affording the most economical handling and the greatest possible 

dispatch of freight. 

The connections at Savannah are 'incomparably superior to 

those of any other South Atlantic Port. Connections by rail 

embrace all of the most important railroads in the .southeast 

and include the Seaboard Air Line Railway, Atlantic Coast Line 

Bailway, Central of Georgia Railway, Southern Railway, Sa 

vannah & Northwestern Hallway, Savannah & Statesboro Eail- 

way, and the Midland Railway. These lines ramify not only all parts of Georgia and the entire 

southeastern territory but other sections of the country. 

With her railroad connections, Savannah reaches a larger interior territory and with quicker 

dispatch than any other South Atlantic port. 

The connections at Savannah with carriers by water are not equaled elsewhere on the South 

Atlantic Coast, and include direct freight and passenger lines of steamers to New York, Bos 

ton, Baltimore and Philadelphia, on the north; Jacksonville, on the south; and lines of freight 

steamers to practically all important ports of the world. 

The harbor of Savannah, comprising as it does more than 28 miles of improved waterway, 

with several miles yet to be added thereto, occupies a very enviable position in the shipping 

trade of the South Atlantic Coast. The importance and steady growth of Savannah as a port 

can be better illustrated by the following facts and figures: 

THE WATEB-BOBNE COMMERCE OF THE PORT OF SAVANNAH. 

In 1905 was valued at ......... .$201,930,693.00 

In 1910 " " ".......... 224,513,440.00 

In 1915 " " ".......... 420,088,304.00 

From the following table it is very noticeable the growth of its water-borne commerce, more 

especially so the fact that it is the only port from Wilmington, N. C., to Mobile, Ala., that has 

shown an increase over the year described. Another very noticeable fact is that the increase at 

Savannah is over $59,000,000 while the other eight ports named show a decrease collectively of 

Over $87,000,000. Year 1913————Valuation ———— Year 1915 

Savannah, Ga.......................... .$360,536,275 ........... .$420,088,304 

New Orleans, La........................ 315,082,532 ............ 368,522,285 

Boston, Mass............................ 208,824,704 ............ 296,195,076 

Wilmington. N. C.. .................... < 

Charleston, S. C....................... | 

Brunswick, Ga.. .. 

Jacksonville, Ma...................... , 413 584 939 ............ 326,319,609 

Fernandma, Fla....................... | ' ' ' 

Tampa, Fla.. 

Peusacola, Fla.. 

Mobile, Ala.... 

248

CONTINUED 

The United States Government has spent to date $10,699, 

364.91 on the improvement of the Savannah Harbor. These 

expenditures for construction and maintenance when read in 

their totalities seem large but the gratifying increase in com 

merce with the improvements, gives at once a justification for 

past work and future growth of the port. 

From 1884 to 1914, inclusive, a period of thirty years, 

Savannah has shown an increase in Foreign Exports of 454%% 

New York " " " " 

Boston " " " " 

Baltimore " . " " " 

Philadelphia " " " " 78%% 

Bank of principal ports of the United States, namely New 

York, Savannah, Baltimore, Boston, Philadelphia, Galveston, 

New Orleans and San Francisco, in foreign exports of domestic 

and foreign merchandise; 

In 1910 Savannah ranked 7th in position in the United 

States and 5th in position on the Atlantic Coast. 

In 1912 Savannah ranked 4th in position in the United 

States and 2nd in position on the Atlantic Coast. 

In 1914 (Revised customs of districts) Savannah ranked 4th 

in position in the United States and 2nd in position on the 

Atlantic Coast. 

Cotton is the chief product of Georgia and of other Southern 

States. Savannah is the second largest cotton port of the world. 

being exceeded only by Galveston, which is the outlet for the 

enormous cotton crop of Texas. Savannah receives cotton not only from Georgia, Florida, Ala 

bama, North Carolina and South Carolina, but from Arkansas, Oklahoma, Mississippi, Tennessee, 

and even as far west as Texas. 

Savannah is the leading port of the world for naval stores (turpentine and rosin). 

Through this port also passes large and valuable cargoes of lumber, steel products from the 

Birmingham region, and miscellaneous products of the factories, fields and mines of the entire 

southeast. The inbound cargoes include a great variety of manufactured products which the 

people of the southeast are accustomed to buy from points in Pennsylvania, New Jersey, Dela 

ware, New York, Connecticut, Ehode Island, Massachusetts, Ohio and in many cases from as far 

west as Chicago. These products move by rail from the interior to the northern ports, Boston, 

New York, Philadelphia, and Baltimore, thence by steamer lines to Savannah and thence by 

rail lines to the interior of Georgia and other States as far west as the Mississippi Eiver and 

in some cases even beyond. 

Savannah is the principal port of the Southeast for through shipments by rail and water. 

The Savannah Eiver is fresh water, and has a depth of 32 feet, 6 inches at mean high water. 

Savannah has the largest cotton seed oil refinery in the world. 

Savannah is one of the leading cities of the world in the manufacture- and shipments of com 

mercial fertilizer. 

Savannah's marine commerce averages over $400,000,000 annually. 

Savannah is the largest cotton port on the South Atlantic and second largest in the world, 

averaging approximately 2,000,000 bales annually. 

Savannah is the largest sea island cotton market of the world, handling over 60% of the 

entire crop. 

The steady growth in the handling of cotton through the port of Savannah has necessitated 

the erection of a cotton warehouse and comprese of approximately 150,000 bales capacity in addi 

tion to the commodious warehouses and compresses on the several terminals. 

The only Sugar Befinery between Philadelphia and New Orleans is located at Savannah. The 

capacity of the plant is approximately 1,500,00 pounds of refined sugar per day. 

Savannah as a seaport enjoys advantages as a manufacturing, jobbing and distributing 

center which few cities excel, and as a manufacturing city offers greater inducements than any 

city in the Southeast. 

249

Worth County,(s..thwest>Ga. 

NO INDEBTEDNESS 

Area 22x43 Miles. Population 25,000 

Sylvester County Site. New, Modern Court Mouse 

High elevation, nearly level lands, slope enough to give 

almost perfect drainage and unsurpassed healthfulness. 

Major portion of land red pebble clay sub-soil. No 

land yielding larger crops with little or no Fertiliser. 

CROPS EVERY SEASON 

Leaders: COTTON—both long and short staple 

CORN, planted early as February and late as mid July, 

Oats; Wheat; Rye; Peas; Hay; Velvet Beans; Ground 

Peas; Sorghum Cane; Sugar Cane; Water Melons; and 

Cantaloupes. 

Soil Excellently Adapted to Pecan Growth 

Meat raising great industry—made with little cost through 

crops of Ground Peas and Velvet Beans gathered by the 

hogs and cows themselves. One of the largest 

PACKING HOUSES 

in Georgia in very easy reach. 

Much land uncultivated; large tracts being divided 

into small farms and sold at reasonable prices. 

Majority of population, white, with accredited Gram 

mar and High Schools throughout County and well built 

and well kept Churches. 

Two Railroad trunk lines, making every market 

easilg available. 

Magnificent opportunity for homeseekers. 

FOR DETAILED INFORMATION 

Address, Secretary Board of Trade, 

SYLVESTER, : : : : GEORGIA 

250

Make More Money 

on a Seaboard Farm 

Real farms, virgin soil, part of each 

farm cleared, ready for cultivation; each 

with new house, barn and well, a fresh 

cow, two pigs and a dozen chickens. 

Thrifty, industrious people soon become 

independent on these farms. Prices and 

terms give buyers benefit of increases in 

value their presence and labor create. 

Our Farm Experts Will Help 

You to Grow Big Profit 

able Crops 

Your success on a Seaboard farm means more products for 

us to haul to market. Hence we give you the help of our 

experts in planting plans and cultural advice. 

The "Seaboard Southeast" produces biggest yields, and 

finest quality of grains, grasses, fruits and vegetables. It is 

the best livestock section, government experts say. 

SEND TODAY FOR FULL PARTICULARS 

OF OUR READY-TO-CULTIVATE FARMS 

Address: 

B. L. HAMNER, General Development Agent 

Seaboard Air Line Railway Company 

"The Progressive Railway of the South" 

NORFOLK, VA. 

( ^x$xSxSx$xSxJxS>

One of Bulloch (bounty's many Farm Homes 

OUL-LOCH 

THE BANNER COUNTY OJP GEORGIA 

Ike PLACE THAT ADAM LOST 

Ihe PLACE THAT DeSOTO FOUND 

Bullocb County led all counties in tbe State in 1910 in number of cattle, 26,457. It 

led all counties in tbe number of bogs, 65,428. It led all counties in bogs slaughtered, 35,954. 

I he total value or all domestic animals in tbe county tbat year, including poultry, was 

$1,352,890—second largest in tbe State. 

Bullocb county made in 1914, 48,061 bales of Short Staple Cotton, and 2,164 bales of 

Sea Island Cotton, tbe highest in value and tbe fourth highest in quantity in tbe State. 

In 1915 tbe merchants of Bullocb county did not buy a bushel of \Vestern corn, or a 

pound of \Vestern meat, but bought 400,000 pounds of borne-raised bacon. 

Professor M. L. Dugan, Rural School Agent of Georgia, says: "If every acre of ara 

ble land in Bullocb county -was in cultivation and intelligently tilled, it could feed tbe 

State of Georgia." 

Bullocb county can show more fine School Buildings and country Church Buildings 

than any other county in tbe State. 

Cattle and Hogs may be grazed in tbe open in Bullocb county 365 days in tbe year. 

STATESBORO BOARD OF1 TRADE 

STATESBORO, :-: GEORGIA 

252

Bulloch County Court House at Statesborj 

STATESBORO 

The County Seat of Bulloch 

Home of the New $150,000 Packing Plant 

The Market City of the Richest Agricultural County in Georgia. 

Its active growing trade and ideal homes reflect the character of its people. 

Bulloch County has more improved farm homes than any other county in the State. 

Its total farm values in 1910, by U. S. Census, were $12,769,250, the highest in the 

State. 

Three-fifths of the farms in Bulloch County are worked by white labor, and four-fifths 

of the white people in the county live on the farms, the purest Anglo-Saxon Stock in any 

section of like area in the United States—only one foreign born farmer in the county. 

Bulloch County has 600 miles of improved public roads, reaching to every farm com 

munity in the county. It has spent $300,000 for road building in ten years. 

It has 400 miles of rural mail delivery routes, reaching practically every farm. It has 

four telephone lines, reaching every farm community. It has three through railway lines 

reaching across the county, also two short lines. 

PORINAFDD^STION THOS. D. VAN OSTEN, Sec. Board of Trade, STATESBORO, CA. 

253

$>G>

Tifton, Georgia 

The cleanest city in the South.' 

Offers unexcelled opportunities for those seeking 

homes where surroundings are moral, cultured and 

refined. 

HAS 

Paved streets. 

Complete sewer system. 

Graded Public Schools; near $100,000 invested in 

school buildings and equipment. 

Six churches. 

Public Library and Woman's Club. 

Cotton compress, two cotton ginneries, 

tory 3,000 spindles, cottonseed oil plant. 

cotton fac 

Saw mills and planing mills, two fertilizer plants, 

$100,000 acidulating plant. 

Farm machinery manufacturing plant, wagon and 

buggy factory. 

Never allowed the sale of intoxicating liquors since 

it was incorporated as a town. 

Has spent this year $76,000 for municipal improve 

ments; built a $50,000 bank building; installed auto- 

equipped paid fire department; built $25,000 Union 

Passenger Station ; installed White Way and completed 

paving on business streets ; spent $25,000 for waterworks improvements and $30,000 

for new High School building. 

Is building this year $150.000 meat packing plant ; $30,000 feed and grain mill ; a 

peanut oil mill and a $25,000 ice and power plant. 

TIFT COUNTY. 

Has $250,000 invested in schools. 

Has twenty-two miles of the National Highway. 

Has 125,000 acres of land for the homeseeker. 

Has the Second District Agricultural and Mechanical School. > 

Has a modern system of graded roads. 

Has the finest trucking and farming land in the South. 

Has so many railroads that no man lives five miles distant from one. 

Has a rural free delivery mail route to nearly every home. 

Has a telephone line to every community, with direct connection to the county site, 

Has a modern school building in every district. 

Has a private desk for every white child of school age. 

Has five of the standard schools of the state. 

Has sanitary equipment for every school building and surroundings which elevate. 

Is the home of the "Tifton Loam." 

Tifton is the county seat of Tift County, in the heart of the wiregrass section of South Geor 

gia, on the great watershed between the Flint and Oemulgee Elvers; is 340 feet above sea 

level, the home of "The Tifton Loam" soil, named by the Government Soil Survey of 1909, and 

especially recommended for the growing of all crops common to the South, also alfalfa, pecans, 

sugar-cane, vegetables, fruits, — including peaches, small fruits, and berries, and for live stock 

raising. 

255

THOMAS COUNTY 

Within its borders Thortias 

County has nine hustling towns 

and cities. This proves con 

clusively to you that Thomas 

County has the necessary 

"backbone", for towns and 

cities do not thrive on deserts. 

You'll investigate Thomas 

County and come with us if 

you are a wide-awake, thrifty 

human being and seeking op 

portunity. The human race 

never had a more God+given 

opportunity than in Thomas 

County, the leader of all South 

west Georgia. Thomas Coun 

ty has gold mines for those 

who will work; nothing but 

sand beds for the indolent. 

THOMASVILLE 

Thomasville is the county seat of Thomas County, Georgia, located J> 

in the Southwest section of that state on the Florida state line. It has - 

an approximate population, 1915 estimate, of 12,500; a property valua 

tion of about $6,000,000.00; a councilmanic form of city government; 

350 feet above sea level; an attractive tourist resort for the winter 

months and the center of a growing manufacturing district in addition 

to being the pivotal point for the best agricultural section in Southern 


Thomasville and Thomas County are served by three lines of rail 

way, namely, the Atlantic Coast Lines; Atlanta, Birmingham & Atlan 

tic and the Georgia Northern. These railroads serve this territory 

through six separate lines radiating in all directions and making satis 

factory connections with all parts of the country. 

With three hotels Thomasville is able to entertain large numbers 

of visitors. The accommodations in this respect are as good as can be 

found in cities of like size elsewhere in the United States. Many first 

class boarding and rooming houses serve a clientele of tourists and 

others regularly. 

Points of interest in Thomasville include the Vashti Home for 

Girls; Alien Normal School for Negroes; the "Big Oak"; various monu 

ments and public buildings; winter estates of Messrs. J. F. Archbold, 

H. M. Hanna, Col. 0. H. Payne, J. H. Wade. Frank Billings, H. K. Dev- 

ereux, C. M. Chapin, Coburn Haskell, and a dozen others of the wealth 

iest people of the United States. 

The city and county are noted for their wonderful climatic invita 

tion to the tourist. Temperatures in winter rarely go below the freez 

ing point and in summer seldom reach 90 degrees and always a cool 

tempering breeze prevails. The fall frost average is November 15th, 

while the last frost in the spring is scheduled for March 10th as an 

average. 

Visit Thomasville and Thomas County! You'll like both! Write 

the Commercial Association, L. C. Busch, Secretary, Thomasville, Ga., 

for facts and figures. 

THOMASVILLE 

Of course you know about 

Thomasville! To refresh your 

memory however, we inform 

you that she still is Southwest 

Georgia's commercial leader. 

Perhaps it has never been your 

good fortune to visit Thomas 

ville. If so, you owe yourself 

the trip. While you'll find 

here the earmarks of the non- 

progressive, they have become 

so indistinct so as to be almost 

unrecognizable. You'll find 

though that the onward 

march of the city has been 

promoted with greater seal in 

the past two years than 

formerly. Thomasville wants 

live, energetic folks.

GEORGIA 

INVESTMENTS 

Not only invest in Georgia's 

Fine Agricultural Lands but 

invest some of your money in 

6% Georgia Farm Land Bonds 6% 

You will find these for sale in 

denominations of $100.00, 

$500.00 and $1,000.00 by 

Peabody, Houghteling & Company, 

Chicago, Illinois 

These serial payment loans are secured by First Lien Se 

curity Deeds to well improved farms in Georgia with a hand 

some annual net revenue more than sufficient to provide for 

annual payments of principal and interest. 

All loans are based on a conservative valuation of prop 

erty after being thoroughly inspected and approved by an 

expert from office of Peabody, Houghteling & Co., and titles 

approved by an expert Title Man. 

FULL INFORMATION GLADLY FURNISHED BY 

Frank Scarboro Company 

(BANKERS & BROKERS) 

TIFTON 

Wilkes County— 

Washington the 

County Seat— 

TAHLKES COUNTY lies in the great Pied- 

mont section of Northeast Georgia, a 

section noted throughout the South for its mag 

nificent climate, and the greatest diversification 

of crops in the Southeastern states. 

Lying between the flat lands of South 

Georgia and the mountains of North Georgia, 

the lands in this county are moderately un 

dulating, and there is running water in almost 

every field. 

The Government Soil Test shows Wilkes county's 

soil to contain 12,000 Ibs. potash, 8,000 Ibs. phosphoric 

acid, and 4,000 Ibs. nitrogen per "first foot" acre. Al 

falfa, clover, and all of the grasses grow here to perfection, while the county's yield 

of cotton and grain, per acre, rivals the best records of the South. 

Having eradicated the Cattle Fever Tick, our farms are being stocked with 

pure bred cattle, and the county will soon rank with the foremost live stock pro 

ducing sections of the state. 

There are 10 live and active Agricultural Clubs in this county, all co-operat 

ing to promote the farming interests of the county. "The East Georgia Fair" is 

held annually at Washington, the county seat, where the farmers meet, make ex 

hibits of farm products and live stock, and it is one of the best agricultural fairs 

held in the state. 

The county has good school facilities, fine system of public roads, three rail 

roads, and splendid markets. 

Washington, the county seat, is a progressive marketing center of 4,000 popu 

lation, and is possibly better known than any town its size in Georgia. 

About 90% of our landowners live on their farms, which gives us a splendid 

citizenship. Good lands can be purchased here, in any size tracts and on easy 

terms, at from $20 to $50 per acre. The Wilkes County Development Co, Wash 

ington, Ga., will promptly answer any enquiries made as to particulars. 

If you contemplate visiting Georgia, do not fail to see Wilkes County. 

^$x$xs>^>3xjx$>

One Thousand 

and Thirty-Five 

Million Dollars 

From Cotton Alone 

And the most prosperous corn, wheat, 

sweet potato and general crop in the 

South's history. Why shouldn't this 

prosperity interest you and every Amer 

ican Advertiser? It means a READY- 

CASH MARKET. A buying market for 

the article you are selling. The 

SOUTHERN RURALIST 

Published in the center of the Cotton Belt will guard your in 

terests and cover this rich territory in the safest, surest way. 

One quarter-million of the South's most prosperous farm homes 

receive this farm magazine twice every month. 

With a flat rate of $1.00 per agate line the Southern Ruralist rep 

resents the most economical and profitable advertising medium 

in this territory. 

Find out more about the South and what it has to offer you. 

Write us today—we will gladly furnish any facts you desire. 

Some of America's most discriminating buyers of Agricultural 

space use the Southern Ruralist exclusively for their Southern 

territory. 

"The South's Foremost Farm Paper" ATLANTA, GEORGIA 

3xSx$>

Leading Hotels in Georgia 

These hotels are recommended by the Georgia 

Chamber of Commerce for their superior service 

and uniform courtesy. 

£

Table of Contents 

and 

Alphabetical 

Reference 

Index

TABLE OF CONTENTS 

DIVISION AND CHAPTER TITLES. 

Page 

"Here"s Georgia"—Poem by Frank L. Stanton ... i 

Georgia State Officials ............ 4 

Georgia Chamber of Commerce Officials ..... 4 

Title Page .............. 5 

Foreword, by President Chas. J. Haden ..... 7 

A State of Advantageous Opportunities ..... 9 

Early History of the Georgians ........ 12 

Advantages in Temperature and Climate ..... 27 

Georgia's Educational Facilities ........ 31 

Mineral Resources ............ 35 

Marble .............. 36 

Granites ............. 38 

Bauxite .............. 40 

Clays .............. 40 

Gold .............. 41 

Pig Iron and Coke .......... 42 

Iron ............... 42 

AsbestAs ............. 43 

Coal .....'.......... 43 

Miscellaneous Minerals ......... 44 

Fuller's Earth ............ 45 

Road Making Material ......... 46 

Forest Resources ............ 47 

Altitudes, Population and Farm Ownership ..... 55 

Fish and Game in Okefenokee ....... 56 

Georgians all Over Country ........ 57 

Poem That Brought Them Back ...... 58 

Finance, Banks and Taxation ......,,. 61 

Tax Rates are Low in Georgia ....... 65 

Home Market for Georgia Products ....... 67 

Bringing Coals to Newcastle ........ 68 

Ready-Made Opportunities .......... 71 

Cotton No Longer Best Crop ....... 72 

Bankers Help to Diversify Crops ...... 73 

Produce More on Cheaper Land ...... 74 

Assistance in Finding Homes ....... 75 

Transportation Facilities .......... 76 

Navigation Goes far Inland ........ 77 

The State College of Agriculture ....... 79 

264

Page 

Increased Average Yield Per Acre ...... 83 

Girls' Canning Clubs Popular ....... 84 

Improved Breed of Live Stock ....... 85 

Demonstrate What Can be Grown ..... 87 

Orchardists Get Valuable Help ....... 88 

The State Agricultural Department ....... 89 

Aids Farmers to Find Markets ....... 91 

Cotton—"The' Snow of Southern Summer" . . . ". 93 

Came Over With Oglethorpe ....... 94 

Fourth in Cotton Manufacture ....... 97 

State Combats Cotton's Foes ........ 97 

The Royal Consort—Queen Cotton-Seed .... 98 

Sea Island Cotton ........... 99 

What Georgia Soil Can Produce ........ 100 

Peaches ............... 103 

Savannah Sugar Refinery .......... 106 

Apples ............... 107 

Pecans ............... 112 

What an Acre of Land Can Do ........ 117 

Forty-Four Bushels of Wheat to Acre ...... 120 

State Publicity Campaign ..........121 

Georgia on Wheels .......... 121 

The Georgia Motion Picture ....... 123 

Georgia State Fair at Macon ......... 124 

Southeastern Fair at Atlanta ......... 124 

County and District Fairs ......... 125 

The Negro Schools of Atlanta ......... 126 

Cotton Warehouse and Facilities ........ 129 

Hog Industry a Science .......... 129 

Peanut and Soy Bean Oils ......... 131 

Viewed by an Iowa Farmer ......... 131 

Cow Pea Hay ............. 133 

A Jersey Cattle Enthusiast ......... 134 

Beef Cattle Brings Handsome Profits ...... 135 

Cost of Pork Production .......... 136 

Stock Farming in Polk County ........ 137 

Woman is South's Champion Farmer ...... 138 

Ideal Farm Estate ............ 138 

Chicago Man Now Georgia Farmer ....... 138 

Profit in Small Acreage .......... 139 

New York Dairy Farmer on Georgia Advantages . . . 140 

Sweet Potatoes ............. 142 

Renewing Worn-Out Land ......... 142 

Beef Cattle .............. 143 

Labor's Wondrous Rewards ......... 144 

This Farmer on Right Track ......... 145 

Truck and Fruit ............ 146 

Making Inches Count ........... 147 

992

• Page 

Fruits in Great Variety .......... 149 

Beef Production in the Mountains ....... 150 

Pluck and Truck are Winners ........ 150 

Increased Wheat Acreage ..........151 

Poultry ............... 152 

Peanuts Prove Profitable .......... 152 

A Few Actual Results .......... 154 

Raising Big Corn Crop at Low Cost ..... 154 

Three Tons of Alfalfa to "Acre ....... 154 

Planting Alfalfa on Big Scale ....... 154 

Berkshire Hogs for Breeding . . . . . . . 155 

Actual Cost of Suckling Pigs ....... 155 

Record Crop of Sweet Potatoes ...... 155 

Boy Farmer Makes Big Start ....... 155 

Eighty-Seven Bushels of Oats ....... 156 

Bees and Honey in Georgia ........ 156 

Five Gallons of Milk a Day ....... 157 

Big Family on Small Farm ........ 157 

Good Demand for Cane Syrup ....... 158 

Three Bales of Cotton to Acre ....... 158 

Buying a Farm With Profits ....... 158 

More Money in Dairy Farming ...... 158 

What Pork Production Costs ....... 159 

Progressive Farm Clubs Help ....... 159 

From Day Laborer to Capitalist . . . • - - 159 

Cantaloupes, Hay, and Cow Peas ....... 160 

Growth of Packing Industries ........ 161 

All Things Grow for Those Who Work ..... 163 

Georgia Bread From Georgia-Milled Flour .... 164 

Apples and Oranges—Both at Home in Georgia . . . 165 

Achievements of an Amateur Horticulturist .... 167 

Cattle Ranch on a Mountain Top ....... 170 

The Berry Schools at Rome .........171 

Feed Growing and Stock Raising ....... 176 

$100 An Acre for Sweet Potatoes . . . . . . . 178 

Southeastern Land Show .......... 179 

Old Roman Writer Summarizes Georgia Resources . . 181 

Womans' Club Activities .......... 184 

Banks Co-operate with Farmers ........ 185 

Georgia's One Hundred and Fifty-Two Counties . . . 186 

Announcement .............. 212 

Community: Land and Industrial Supplement . . . 213 

266

ILLUSTRATIONS 

Page 

Smiling Georgia—Frontispiece ........ i 

Georgia State Capitol Building, Atlanta ..... 8 

Atlanta's Sky Line ....... ...~. 10, u 

Hermitage—Old Plantation Relic near Savannah ... 12 

Oglethorpe Monument, City of Savannah ..... 13 

Monument to Chief Tomochichi ........ 14 

Bonaventure Cemetery ........... 15 

Savannah's Sky Line .......... 16, 17 

Cascade on Toccoa Creek .......... 18 

Toccoa Falls ............. 19 

Macon's Sky Line ........... 20, 21 

Shipping Scene at Brunswick ....... 22, 23 

Typical Negro Cabin in Pine Woods ...... 24 

Residence Street in One of Georgia's Small Cities . . 25 

Bowed Down with Apples ......... 26 

Home of a Georgia Farm Manager ....... 27 

Climatic Map ............. 30 

Georgia School of Technology ........ 31 

Bainbridge High School .......... 32 

Rockville Academy ........... 33 

Quitman Graded School ....'....... 34 

Columbus Industrial High School ....... 35 

Stone Mountain ............ 36 

Clay Beds ............... 37 

Kimsey Ore Bank—Brown Iron Ore ...... 37 

Manganese Washer—Satterfield Mine ...... 39 

Vitrified Brick and Clay Plant ........ 40 

Entrance to Fossil Iron Mine ........ 41 

Ocher Drying Shed ........... 42 

Placer Gold Mine ............ 43 

Bull Sluice Power House and Dam ...... 44 

Chemical and Physical Laboratories 

Tubman High School—Augusta ...... 45 

Augusta's Plaza ........... 46, 47 

Pond Cypress in Coffee County ........ 48 

Pond Cypress in Shallow, Dried-up Pond ..... 49 

Virgin Forest in Murray County ....... 50 

Cabbage Palmetto in Pine Flats ........ 51 

Virgin Forest of Long Leaf Pine ....... 52 

Hemlock Tan Bark on Mountain Side ...... 53 

Dense Growth of Slash Pine in Swamp ..... 54 

Good Country Road, DeKalb County ...... 55 

Good Country Road, Tift County ....... 56 

Georgia Railroad and Power Ca.'s Dam at Tallulah Falls . 57 

Gravel Road near Augusta ......... 58 

Macadamized Road near Savannah ....... 59 

267

Page 

Peachtree Road—Asphalt Macadam ...... 60 

Macon—Perry Sand Clay Road ........ 61 

Road View Near Albany .......... 62 

Shell Road Near Brunswick ......... 63 

Farm Home of Commissioner J. D. Price ..... 65 

Farm Home of Mrs. M. E. Judd ....... 66 

View of Fairview Farm, Palmetto ....... 67 

Mrs. W. W. Monk, Champion Farmer of Southeast . . 69 

Muskmelons—One of Georgia's Famous Products . . 70 

Exhibit of Hams by Boys' Pig Club ...... 71 

Figs Mature Profusely in Georgia ...... 72 

Farm Home Near Ashburn ......... 73 

Horse and Buggy, Both Made in Georgia .... 74 

Up-to-Date Barn and Silo on Colquitt Co. Farm ... 75 

Farm View near Dalton .......... 76 

Rear View of Packing Plant at Moultrie ..... 77 

Exhibit of Boys' Corn Clubs ........ 78 

Main Building Agricultural College at Athens .... 79 

Maurice Crowder, Champion Boy Farmer ..... 80 

White Faces on Farm of J. T. Anderson ..... 81 

Seventy-six Bushels of Corn to Acre ....... 82 

Full Cotton Bolls ............ 83 

Happy Barnyard Family in Georgia ....... 84 

Hauling Rye by Tractor .......... 85 

Ninety Bushels of Irish Potatoes ....... 86 

Fifty-Six Bushels of Corn to Acre ....... 87 

Sugar-Cane in Pierce County ........ 88 

Up to His Neck in a Rose Bed ........ 89 

Apple Exhibit at Southeastern Fair ...... 90 

Sheep and Cattle on Farm of J. D. Price ..... 91 

Corn and Peas in Tift County ........ 92 

Bank Account Cotton, Three Bales to Acre .... 93 

King Cotton at Southeastern Fair ....... 94 

Grazing in Alfalfa in February ........ 95 

The Atlanta Cotton Warehouses ....... 96 

Upright Cotton on Hastings' Farm ....... 98 

College Method of Corn Growing Demonstrated ... 99 

Hastings' Farm, Troupe County ........ 100 

A Loaded Grape-vine ........... 101 

Watermelons—The Fruit that Georgia made Famous . 102 

Fort Valley Peach Orchard ......... 103 

Hale Peach Orchard—140,000 Bearing Trees .... 104 

Houston County Peach Orchard, Full Crop .... 105 

Apple Orchard of M. J. Yeomans ....... 106 

Ready to Crunch Between Your Teeth ..... 108 

Perfect Apple Tree in Yeomans' Orchard .... 109 

Arkansas Black Apple Trees at Adairsville . . . . no 

Sweet Potatoes—180 Bushels an Acre . . . . . . . in 

268

Page 

Pecan Orchard and Nursery near Albany . . . . 112 - 

Frotscher Pecan Grove Near Cairo ... . . 113 

Record Frotscher Pecan Tree, J. B. Wight .... 114 

Embowered in Roses ........... 115 

Georgia Canning Club Girls ......... 116 

Corn Sixty-Eight Days Old—Carrollton . . . . . 117 

View of Hillside Peach Orchard at Summerville . . . 118 

Hill of Sweet Potatoes near Americus ...... 119 

Monster Fig Bush, Miley Bright Farm . . . . . .120 

Official Inauguration of Exhibit Cars ...... 121 

Four Brothers and Their Four Pigs ...... 122 

White Leghorns on Middlebrooks Farm ..... 123 

Forty Acres Pimento Peppers ........ 126 

Squash on Farm of Mrs. Rountree, Egypt . . . . 127 

Georgia Sweet Potatoes .......... 128 

An Acre of Cabbages ........... 132 

Soy Beans of Farm of W. C. Lewis ...... 133 

Berkshire .Bull on Fairview Farm ....... 136 

Alfalfa Hay and Dairy Herd at Griffin ..... 137 

Field of Tom Watson Watermelons ...... 140 

Fine Holstein on Beuchler Dairy Farm ..... 141 

Head of White-Faced Herd in Cobb County .... 144 

Section of Hereford Cattle Exhibit ....... 145 

• Ten Thousand Dollars Worth of Georgia Bred Mules . 148 

Hereford Bull, Anderson Farm Near Marietta . . . 149 

Cattle Grazing in Oak and Pine Woods ..... 152 

Shetland Ponies on Battle Stock Farm 153 

In a Ninety Acre Field of Peanuts ...... 156 

Wheat Field at Villa Rica ......... 157 

Moultrie Packing Plant—Moultrie, Ga. ..... 160 

Home of Famous Ogeechee River Shad ..... 161 

Noble's Oxford Rex, No. 107574 ....... 162 

Peach Blossom of Kennesaw, No. 217149 ..... 163 

Georgia Marble Quarry .......... 164 

Granite Quarry at Stone Mountain ...... 165 

Tobacco Growing Under Latticed Shade ..... 166 

Screened Propagation Beds—Sumatra Tobacco . . . 167 

Georgia Marble Ready for Shipment ..... 168, 169 

Old Pecan Tree at Cuthbert ......... 170 

Smithwick Hickory Tree ..........171 

Scene on Old Plantation .......... 172 

Road View Near Old Boston ........ 173 

Corn Fattens Hogs—Hogs Fatten Bank Accounts . . 174 

A Sun Kist Garden Jewel .......... 175 

A Georgia Beef Factory .......... 177 

Where Martha Berry's School Started ..... 178 

Recitation Hall, Berry School, Rome ...... 179 

Blackstone Hall, Berry School, Rome . . . . . .180 

269

Billings' Home, Near Thomasville . . . . . . . 181 

A White-Face Greeting from Georgia ...... 182 

On Dixie Highway, Near Thomasville ...... 183 

Rose Walk, J. H. Wade Plantation, Thomas County . . 184 

Old Mill Pond Plantation, Thomas County .... 185 

Silver Lace Wyandottes, Middlebrooks Farm .... 186 

Barred Rock Poultry, Middlebrooks Farm ..... 187 

In a Fifty Acre Field of Cow Peas ....... 190 

Cowpea and Crab Grass Hay, Cochran ..... 191 

Some Ducks ............. 194 

Rye and Vetch, Five Feet High ........ 195 

An Acre of Turnips, Farm of P. Lucas ..... 198 

Just Alfalfa ............. 199 

On Farm of State Agricultural College ..... 202 

Hereford Bull, E. E. Mack, Thomas County .... 203 

Four Acres of Wheat, Fifty Three Bushels to Acre . . 206 

One Hundred and Fifty Acres of Cowpea Hay . . . 207 

27G

Alphabetical Reference Index 

Abbevllle ................. 210 

Acadians ................. 22 

Adairsvllle ............... 116 

Adams, G. C. ........-•••• 83 

Adrian ................... 133 

Agates ..............-•.•• 46 

Agnes Scott College ....... 33 

Agricultural Dept. of State. 

89, 91 

Agricultural Fairs.......... 

123, 124, 125 

A. & M. Fair .............. 125 

Akin, L. E. ............... 4 

Alabama ................. 65 

Alamo ................... 210 

Albany, Ga. .............. 

62, 110, 112, 113, 135, 193 

Albany, N. Y. ............. 29 

Alcohol from Wood Waste.. 54 

Alfalfa .... .79, 92, 93, 137, 154 

199, 200 

Alma .................... 187 

Alpharetta ............... 202 

Altamaha River ........... 77 

Altitudes ................. 55 

Alto ..................... 56 

Americns ......28,29,119, 

125, 163, 190, 207 

Amethysts ................ 46 

Amsterdam .......166, 167, 201 

American Missionary Society 126 

American Shorthorn Breed 

ers' Ass'n. .............. 99 

Anderson Farm ........... 149 

Anderson, J. T. ............ 144 

Anna's Dorothy ........... 157 

Announcement ............ 212 

Appalachicola Elver ....... 77 

Apples ....26, 90, 107, 123, 165 

Appllng .................. 192 

Appllng County ........... 187 

Arkansas ................. 45 

Arkansas State Capitol .... 37 

Arnow, C. S. .............. 4 

Aromatic Crops ........... 102 

Asbestos ................. 43 

Ashburn .......... 73, 148, 209 

Ashley, J. N. .........125, 176 

Athens .........28, 29, 33, 

97, 191, 202, 215 

Atkinson, P. M. ........... 4 

Atlanta .........10, 11, 25, 

28, 29, 33, 125, 189, 196 

Atlanta Chamber of Com 

merce ..............124, 125 

Atlanta University ........ 126 

Atlanta Warehouse Co. . 96, 129 

Atlanta & West Point B. R.. 217 

Augusta .14, 29, 46, 47, 51, 

77, 103, 125, 162, 205, 222 

Bacon County ............. 187 

Bainbrldge .....28, 29, 125, 193 

Bainbridge High School .... 32 

Bainbridge State Bank ..... 82 

Baker County ............. 187 

Baker, Eugene ............ 125 

Baldwin, Abraham ......... 23 

Baldwin County ...155, 159, 188 

Baldwin .................. 56 

Bank Account Cotton ...... 93 

Bank Clearings ........... 189 

Bankers Ass'n of Georgia... 183 

Bankers Help Diversify .... 74 

Banks .................... 61 

Banks Co-Operate with Farm 

ers .................... 185 

Banks County ............. 188 

Barnett, J. M. ............ 168 

Barred Rock Poultry ...... 187 

Barrow County ........... 188 

Bartow County ..... 40, 43, 188 

Bartow County Fair ....... 125 

Barytes .................. 44 

Battle Creek Sanitarium ... 113 

Battle Stock Farm ........ 153 

Bauxite ................ 35, 40 

Baxley ................... 187 

Beane, F. E. .............. 125 

Beaver, E. H. ............. 125 

Beef ..................... 179 

Beef Cattle ........... 135, 143 

Beef Factory ............. 177 

Beef Industry ............. 81 

Beef Production ....... 99, 150 

Belmont Farm ............ 138 

Benevolence .............. 247 

Ben Hill County .......... 188 

Berrien County ........... 188 

Berkshire Boar ........... 136 

Berkshire Hogs ........... 155 

Berry, Martha ............ 171 

Berry School. 171, 178, 179, 180 

Bees ..................... 156 

Bethesda ................. 15 

Beuchler Dairy Farm ..... 141 

Bibb county .......61, 186, 188 

Killings Home ............ 181 

Bird Population ........... 52 

Black, Mrs. Nellie Peters .. 184 

Blacksbear ............... 204 

Black Walnut ............. 53 

Blairsvllle ................ 209 

Blakely .................. 194 

Blalock, A. O. ............ Ill 

Bleckley County ........... 188 

Blanton, G. W. ........... 159 

Bloody Marsh, Battle of.... 13 

Bloomingdale .......... 132, 198 

Blue Ridge ............... 106 

Bona Alien Farm ....... 85, 208 

Boston ................... 173 

Boston Government Bldg. .. 37 

Boys' Corn Club Exhibit ... 78 

Boys 'Corn Clubs ......... 129 

Boys' Four Crop Clubs .... 80 

Boys' Oat Clubs ........... 80 

Boys' Pig Club Exhibit .... 71 

Bremen .................. 125 

Brenan College ........... 34 

Bridges, E. P. ............ 125 

Brlggs, Isaac .............. 21 

Brittain, M. L., State Supt. 

of Schools ............ 4, 31 

Bronwood ................ 229 

Brown, J. W. L. .......... 138 

Broxton .................. 230 

Brooks County ........129, 189 

271 

Brooks County Industrial 

Club ................... 130 

Brumby, B. G. ........... 4 

Brunswick ...... 22, 23, 56, 

77, 139, 197, 207 

Bryan County ......... 132, 189 

Buehanan ................ 198 

Buena Vista .............. 201 

Buffalo, N. Y. ............ 28 

Bullard, Wm. P. .......112, 113 

Bulloch, Archibald ........ 23 

Bulloch County ............ 

162, 189, 252, 253 

Bull Sluice Power House ... 44 

Burdett, J. Luke .......... 125 

Burke County ............. 189 

Burson, R. P. ............. 211 

Busch, Lester C. ...... .256, 257 

Butler ...............125, 208 

Butts County ............. 189 

Butts County Fair ........ 125 

Cabbage Palmetto ......... 51 

Cabbages .......... 68, 132, 135 

Cairo .................113, 197 

Cattoun, City oi .......125, 197 

Calhoun County ........... 189 

California. 41, 52, 103, 107, 108 

Callahan, J. W. ........... 4 

Camden County ........... 189 

Camilla ............•••••• 202 

Campbell County .......... 1891 

Canada .......••••••••••• 37 

Canadian National Exposition 124

Candler, Asa ............. 33 

Candler, C. M. ............. 4 

Candler County ........... 189 

Candler Warehouse ........ 129 

Cane Syrup .............. 150 

Canning Club Girl ..... 116, 134 

Cantaloupes ....... 70, 114, 160 

Canton ................... 191 

Carnegie ................. 247 

Carnesville ............... 196 

Carroll County ........... 190 

Carrollton ........117, 125, 190 

Carson, Dr. F. M. ......... 137 

Cartersville ........42, 61, 

125, 138, 188 

Castell, Robert ............ 12 

Catoosa County ........ 43, 190 

Cattle Grazing .........27, 152 

Cattle Ranches ........170, 203 

Cauliflower ................ 142 

Cedartown ................ 204 

Cements .................. 44 

Central America .......... 53 

Central Bank ............. 6] 

Central Georgia Power Co.. 243 

Central of Georgia Ry...85, 242 

Chair Manufacturing ...... 52 

Chambers, Ira ............ 125 

Champion Boy Farmer ..... 80 

Champion Woman Farmer.. 138 

Charleston, S. C. .......... 91 

Charlton County .......... 190 

Chatham County ...93, 132, 

155, 158, 190 

Chatsworth ............... 203 

Chattahoochee Connty ..... 191 

Chattahoochee River ....... 77 

Chattanooga .............. 106 

Chattooga ................ 191 

Chattooga County ...... 40, 43 

Cheese Factories, Opportuni 

ties for ................ 202 

Chelsea, Eng. ............. 94 

Cherokee County ....36, 46, 

158, 191 

Cherokee Indians ....17, 22, 107 

Cherries ................. 105 

Chicago ............. 26, 56, 92 

Chickamauga ............. 24 

Citrus Trifoliata .......... 166 

Civil War ................ 23 

Clark, B. B. .............. 4 

Clarke, Elijah ............ 23 

Clarke, B. r. ............. 4 

Clarke County ....154, 191, 214 

Clarkesville ............... 197 

Clarkston ................ 227 

Clark University .......... 127 

Claxtou .................. 195 

Clay County .............. 192 

Clays .................... 40 

Clayton ............ 28, 29, 205 

Clayton County ........... 192 

Cleola ................... 151 

Cleveland ................ 210 

Climate .......... 27, 28, 29, 30 

Climatic Map ............. 30 

Clinch County. ....132, 136, 192 

Clyde .................... 189 

Coal ..................... 43 

Cobb, Mrs. M. B. .......... 4 

Cobb County ......139, 144, 

155, 192, 210, 236 

Cochran .............. 188, 191 

Corcoran Art Galleries ..... 37 

Coffee County .........192, 230 

Coffee County Fair ........ 125 

Coke .................... 42 

Cole, R. T. ............... 4 

Coleman ................. 247 

College Method of Corn Grow 

ing .................... 99 

College of Agriculture ..... 117 

Collier, W. F. ............ 158 

Collins, H. C. ............. 142 

Colquitt, City of .......... 202 

Colquitt Connty ....75, 244, 

245, 176, 192 

Columbia County ......... 192 

Columbus, Ga. ...28, 29, 35, 

77, 105, 124, 203, 224 

Columbus Industrial High 

School ................. 35 

Columbus D. ............. 29 

Colson, B. F. ............. 205 

Comer, E. T. ............. 143 

Commerce ................ 125 

Compulsory Education ..... 169 

Concord .................. 149 

Connecticut ............... 74 

Conyers .................. 205 

Cook, Philip A. ........... 4 

Coosa River .............. 77 

Copper ................... 45 

Cordele .......... 156, 193, 225 

Cornelia .....106, 107, 108, 123 

272 

Corn ..................68, 117 

Corn Clubs ............... 129 

Corn Crop ,'.'.......... 130, 154 

Corn, Production in Georgia. 65 

Corundum ................ 45 

Cotton .............93, 95, 114 

Cotton Factories .......... 20 

Cotton Manufactures ..... 20, 97 

Cotton Oil Mills .......... 99 

Cotton Record ............ 158 

Cotton Seed .............. 98 

Cotton Seed Oil Mills ..... 194 

Cotton Warehousing Facili 

ties ................... 129 

County Agents, State College 

of Agriculture .......... 134 

County and District Fairs.. 125 

Covington ................ 204 

Coweta County ....99, 158, 192 

Cow Pea Hay .... .133, 190, 207 

Cow Peas ................ 160 

Cox College .............. 33 

Crab Grass Hay .......... 191 

Crawford County .......... 193 

Crawfordville ............. 207 

Creameries, Opportunities for 202 

Creek Indians ............ 17 

Crisp County ............. 193 

Crowder, Maurice .......80, 155 

Cucumbers ............... 142 

Culpepper, C. B. .......... 125 

Gumming ................. 196 

Cummlngs, J. S. .......... 76 

Cunnlngham, G. V. ....... 136 

Cusseta .................. 191 

Cuthbert .....146, 170, 205, 247 

Dade County ...........43, 193 

Dahlonega ............. 32, 201 

Dairy Farming ........ 140, 158 

Dairy Herds ............. 137 

Dairy Industry ............ 81 

Dairy Record ............ 157 

Dallas, Ga. ............... 204 

Dallas, Texas ............ 124 

Dalton ....52, 66, 125, 155, 210 

Daniels, E. G. ............ 87 

Danielsvllle ............... 201 

Darien ................. 77, 201 

Davidson, R. E. ........... 4 

Davis, J. A. .............. 4 

Dawsou ......125, 176, 193, 

208, 228, 229 

Dawsonville .............. 193 

Dean, Dr., Record Oats .... 176 

Dean, H. A. .............. 170 

Decatur, City of....... 193, 226 

Decatur County ..... 76, 82, 

86, 125, 193 

Decatur County Board of 

Trade .................. 82 

Decatur County Fair ...... 125 

Deckner Bros. ............. 178 

DeKalb County ... 158, 165, 

193, 227 

DeLoach, W. A. .......... 185 

Derry, Prof. J. T. ......... 23 

Des Molnes, la. ........... 29 

De Soto .................. 22 

Diamonds ................ 46 

Dionysius ................ 182 

District Agricultural Colleges SO

Dixie Highway .........59, 183 

Dodge County ......... 193, 232 

Donalsonvllle .......... 125, 223 

Dooly, John .............. 23 

Dooly County ............ 193 

Dooly County Fair ........ 125 

Doravllle ................. 227 

Dorchester .............. 15, 16 

Dougherty County .....159, 193 

Douglas .......... 125, 192, 231 

Douglas County ........... 194 

Douglasvllle .............. 194 

Draft Horses ............. 87 

Druid Hills .............. 227 

Dublin ................125, 200 

Ducks ................... 194 

Duelling .................. 18 

Duncan Grapefruit ........ 175 

Dnnwoody ................ 227 

Durham Cattle ............ 150 

Duroc-Jersey Hogs ........ 82 

Early County ............ 194 

Early History of the Geor 

gians .................. 12 

East Georgia Fair ........ 125 

East Lake ................ 227 

Eastman .............. 193, 232 

Gaston, J. O. ............. 325 

Eatontoh ..............21, 205 

Ebenezer ................. 94 

Echols County ............ 194 

Educational Facilities ..... 31 

Effingham ................ 132 

Effingham County ......155, 194 

Eggs .................... 68 

Egypt .................... 127 

Egyptian Wheat .......... 139 

Elbert County .........194, 233 

Elberton .............. 194, 233 

Elbert, Samuel ............ 23 

Ellaville ................. 205 

Ellijay .................... 196 

Emanuel County .......... 195 

Emory University ......... 33 

England .................. 46 

Erwin, T. C. ............. 4 

Estellc ................... 41 

Eton ..................... 125 

Entomology, State Board of 97 

Entomology, State Depart 

ment of ................ 88 

Evans County ............ 195 

Exhibit Cars ............. 212 

Extension Service, State Ag 

ricultural College ....... 131 

Fairburn ................. 189 

Faircloth, S. J. ........... 4 

Falrview Farm ........... 136 

Fannln County .........36, 196 

Farm Implements ......... 50 

Farm Loans .............. -66 

Farm Products, Value of... 108 

Fayette County ........111, 196 

Fayettevllle ...........111, 196 

Federal Reserve Bank... .64, 65 

Feed Growing ............ 176 

Feed Mills ............... 187 

Fenimore, P. A. ........... 125 

Few, Wm. ................ 23 

Flint River ............... 77 

Flint Side ................ 164 

Flint River Valley ........ 112 

Flour .................... 68 

Flour Mills ........... 124, 164 

Flournoy, Robt. ........... 144 

Florida ................. 45, 99 

Floyd County ..40, 43, 170, 196 

Franklin ................. 198 

Franklin County ....... 196, 197 

Frotscher Pecan Grove ..... 113 

"Frotscfcer" Pecan Tree ... 113 

Fruit Crops .............. 102 

Fruit Gardens ............ 149 

Fiber Crops .............. 100 

Figs ...................72, 163 

Finance .................. 61 

First Cotton Factory ...... 97 

Fish, W. H. .............. 4 

Fitzgerald, City of. ..28, 29, 

55, 188 

Fitzgerald. P. H. .......... 55 

Folkston ................. 190 

Forage Crops ............. 101 

Forester, The ............. 48 

Forest Resources .......... 47 

Forsyth .................. 202 

Forsyth County ........... 196 

B'ort Gaines .............. 192 

Fort Valley ......103, 105, 

138, 14?, 154 

Fossil Iron Ore ........... 41 

Foundries ................ 193 

Four Counties Fair ....... 125 

Fowler, C. W. ............ 155 

Fulghum Oats .........120, 144 

Fullers Earth ............. 45 

Fullwood, I. A. ............ 92 

Fulton County. ...141, 178, 196 

Gainesville ............. 34, 197 

Galdeu, W. T. ............ 129 

Game Preserves ............ 53 

Gammon Theological Semi 

nary ................... 127 

Gardner, Misses Eva and 

Leila .................. 171 

Garnets .................. 46 

Garrard, B. A. ........... 159 

Geldert, Louis N. ......... 5 

Georgetown ............... 205 

Georgia-Carolina Fair ...... 125 

Georgia Casualty Co. ...... 240 

Georgia Chamber of Com 

merce .... .4, 7, 121, 122, 

123, 136, 155, 211 

Georgia Exhibit Cars ...... 121 

Georgia-Florida Fair ...... 125 

Georgia Fruit Exchange ... 103 

Georgia Marble Co. ........ 220 

Georgia Motion Picture. 121, 123 

Georgia Products Dinners... 159 

Georgia Railroad .......... 216 

Georgia Railway & Power Co. 218 

Georgia School of Technology 31 

Georgia Spirit ............ 25 

Gibson ................... 196 

Gllmer County ......... 36, 196 

Girls Canning Clubs ..... 80, 84 

Glascock County ........... 196 

Glynn County ............ 197 

Glynn County Farm ........ 135 

Gold ...................35, 41 

273 

Good Country Road, Illustra 

tion .................... 56 

Gordon County .........40, 197 

Gordon County Fair ....... 125 

Gouldlng, Rev. Francis R... 21 

Grady County ......... 150, 197 

Graham, John M. ......... 170 

Grain Crops .............. 100 

Grain Elevators ........... 124 

Granite Quarry ........... 165 

Grapes ........... 101, 117, 142 

Graphite ...................45 

Gravel Road, Illustration ... 58 

Gray ..................... 200 

Greene County ............ 197 

Greensboro ............197, 234 

Greenville ................ 201 

Griffin .......111, 125, 141, 

142, 154, 206 

Grlffin-Spaulding Fair ..... 125 

Granites ............35, 36, 38 

Griswoldvllle ............. 147 

Groover, B. H. ............ 4 

Groundnuts ............... 188 

Gnber .................... 188 

Gwlnnett, Button ........18, 23 

Gwlnnett County ......... 197 

Habersham, James ........ 94 

Habersham County .56, 107, 

108, 197 

Haden, C. J. ..........4, 7, 121 

Hahira ............... 125, 139 

Hahira Agricultural Fair... 125

Hale Peach Orchard ....... 104 

Hall, Lyman .............. 23 

Hall County .............. 197 

Hamilton ................ 198 

Hatnner, B. L. ............ 251 

Hancock County .......... 197 

Hand, Hon. J. L. ......... 128 

Hand Books .............. 212 

Hand Trading Co. ......... 128 

Hankinson, J. LeRoy ...... 4 

Hanna, Senator M. A. ..... 69 

Haralson County .......... 198 

Haralson County Fair ...... 125 

Harper, Dr. E. M. ......... 47 

Harrisburg, Pa. ........... 29 

Harris, Geo. H. ....... 167, 175 

Harris, Dr. H. F. ......... 4 

Harris, GOT. Nat E. .....4, 121 

Harris County ........151, 198 

Hart, Hon. John C. .......4, 66 

Hart County ............. 198 

Hart County Fair ....;.... 125 

Hartshorn, George ........ 140 

Hartwell .............. 125, 198 

Hastings, H. G. ......... .4, 125 

Hastings, H. G. Company.. 219 

Hastings Farm .........98, 100 

Hatton, Prof. T. H. ....... 117 

Hawkinsville ............. 204 

Hay Crops .........68, 93, 101 

Hay, Yield in Georgia ...... 65 

Hazlehurst ............... 200 

Heard County ............ 198 

Hebrews .................. 14 

Hemlock Bark ............ 53 

Henry County .........;.. 199 

Herb Crops ............... 102 

Herbert, George H. ........ 123 

Hereford Bull .........149, 203 

Hereford Cattle... .143, 145, 

170, 182 

Here's Georgia ! by Frank L. 

Stanton ................ 3 

Hermitage ................ 12 

Hiawassee ................ 208 

Hickory Wood ............ 50 

Highsmith, R. N. ......... 88 

Hillyer, L. P. ............. 4 

Himalaya Berries ......... 168 

Hinesrille ................ 200 

Hodgson, Harry ........... 4 

Hogs ...136, 155, 161, 162, 174 

Hog Industry ............. 129 

Holstein Cattle ........ 140, 141 

Home Demonstrators ...... 81 

Home Economic Branch, 

State College of Agriculture 134 

Home Markets ............ 67 

Homer ................... 188 

Homerville ............... 192 

Hooks, J. H. ............. 158 

Horswell, A. ............. 331 

Hotel Directory ........... 261 

Honey .................68, 156 

Houston ......;........... 199 

Houston County ..... 49, 82, 

105, 133, 140, 154 

Houston, TJ. S., Secretary of 

Agriculture ............... 27 

Huguenots ............... 14 

Hunt, B. W. .............. 202 

Hunter, J. B. ............. 158 

Hunter, Dr. W. D. ......... 98 

Illinois ................... 54 

Illinois State Memorial at 

Vicksburg .............. 37 

Improving Breed of Live 

Stock .................. 85 

Information Bureau ....... 212 

Indiana .................. 54 

Indiana Frnit Company .... 160 

Indianapolis ............ 29, 55 

Indiana Sandstone ........ 37 

Iowa Farmer's Views ..... 131 

Irish Potatoes. 86, 139, 155, 182 

Iron ..................... 42 

Irwiu County ............. 199 

Irwinton ................. 210 

Ithica, N. T. ...;......... .107 

Jackson, James .........22, 23 

Jackson, J. F. ............ 242 

Jackson .............. 125, 189 

Jackson County ........... 199 

Japanese Cane ............ 93 

Jasper ................... 204 

Jasper County ............ 199 

Jeff Davis County ........ 200 

Jefferson ................. 199 

Jefferson County ...... 200, 204 

Jeffersonville. ............. 209 

Jenkins County ........... 200 

Jersey Cattle ............. 134 

Jesup ................ 125, 210 

Johnson County ........... 2DO 

274 

Jonesboro .............. 25, 192 

Jones, J. Wyman .......... 69 

Jones, R. T. .............. 4 

Jones County ............. 200 

Jordan, Ross ............. 125 

Judd, Home .............. 66 

Kansas ................ 92, 108 

Kellogg, Dr. J. H. ......... 113 

Kennesaw Mountain ....... 25 

Kensington, Ga. ........... 84 

Kentucky State Capitol .... 37 

King, Mrs. S. A. .......... 149 

King Cotton .............. 21 

Kirkwood ................ 227 

Knight, L. L. ............ 18 

Knitting Mills ............ 195 

Knox Dolomite ........... 44 

Knorville ................ 393 

Kraft Paper .............. 49 

Kudzu Grass .............. 93 

LaFayette ................ 209 

LaGrange .............125, 208 

Lake Pail ................ 205 

Lakewood Park ........... 125 

Land Show, Southeastern .. 179 

Lawrenceville ............. 197 

Lanrens County....156, 159, 200 

Leak, M. ................. 121 

Leak, Richard ............. 94 

Leath, Ben ............... 84 

Lee County ...........159, 200 

Lee County Fair ........... 125 

Leesburg .............. 125, 200 

Lela ..................... 76 

Lettuce .................. 142 

Lewis, Chas. B. ........... 124 

Lewis, W. C. ............. 133 

Lexington ................ 204 

Liberty County ........132, 200 

Lima Beans .............. 68 

Limestones ............... 44 

Lindsay, J. D. ............ 4 

Lincoln County ............ 200 

Lincolnton ................ 200 

Xinten ................... 98 

Lithonia ................. 227 

Live Stock ................ 137 

Lomar, Mrs L. ........... 125 

Long, Dr. Crawford W. ..... 20 

Long, George f ............ 181 

Long Leaf Pine ............ 52 

Longstreet, William ....... 21 

Lookout Mountain ........ 43 

Lookout Mountain Potatoes. 118 

Lott, Ellsha .............. 175 

London .................. 56 

Louisville .............. 22, 200 

Lowndes County.. .139, 201, 205 

Lucas, P. ............. 132, 198 

Lumpkiu ................. 206 

Lurapkin County .......... 201 

Lyons .................... 208 

Macadamized Road, Illustra 

tion ................... 59 

Machine Shops ............ 193 

Mack, E. B. ............. 203 

Macon, City of . .20, 21, 28, 

29, 35, 51, 123, 124, 137, 

154, 162, 187, 188, 238, 

239, 240, 241, 242, 243

Macon County ............ 201 

Macon-Perry Sand Clay Road 61 

Macon Produce Sales ...... 68 

Macon Telegraph ........... 181 

Maddox, Robt. F. ......... 4 

Madison ................. 203 

Madison County ........... 201 

Magid, Louis B. .......... 123 

Maine .................... 52 

Mallory, J. M. ............ 242 

Manganese ...........35, 39, 45 

Manning, Robert .......... 210 

Manufactures in Georgia ... 

192, 193, 194, 195 

Manufacturing Possibilities.. 109 

Marble .35, 36, 37, 38, 164, 168 

Marble, Waste of Quarries... 186 

Marietta .....149, 162, 163, 

192, 210, 235, 237 

Marion County ............ 201 

Marls .................... 45 

Marshallville .............. 105 

Massachusetts ........... 74, 97 

Massengale, St. Elmo ..... 4 

Matthews, John ........... 125 

Medical School ............ 32 

Melons ................... 93 

Mercer University ......... 33 

Meriwether County ........ 201 

Meterological Data ........ 29 

Metter ................... 189 

Mexican War ............. 23 

Mica ..................... 46 

Michigan ................. 108 

Middlebrooks Farm 123, 186, 187 

Midway .................. 16 

Milhaven ................. 143 

Milledgeville .... 33, 35, 51, 

61, 77, 188 

Millen .....28, 29, 87, 200, 207 

Miller County ..........97, 202 

Miller, M. ................ 82 

Mill Pond Plantation ...... 185 

Milner, Jesse ............. 151 

Milton County ............ 202 

Mineral Resources ......... 35 

Minneapolis ............... 29 

Minnesota, State Capitol ... 37 

Mitchell County ....... 128, 202 

Monk, Mrs. W. W. .... .69, 138 

Monroc, City of ...125, 209, 211 

Monroe County ........... 202 

Montgomery, Sir Richard ... 9 

Montgomery County ....... 202 

Monticello ................ 199 

Montreal ...................37 

Mootrose ................. 120 

Moon Stones .............. 46 

Moore, John T. ............ 154 

Moore, Wilmer L. ......... 4 

Moravians ................ 34 

Morehouse College ......... 127 

Morgan .................. 189 

Morgan County ........... 203 

Morris, A. R. ............. 150 

Morris Brown University.... 127 

Morris, J. Gid ............ 139 

Motion Picture ........... 212 

Moultrie .....153, 162, 176, 

192, 200, 244, 245 

Moultrie Packing Plant ... 

77, 97, 160 

Mount Tacoma ............ 110 

Mount Yonah ..............107 

Mulberry Grove ........... 21 

Murray County .........46, 203 

Murray County Fair ....... 125 

Muscogee County ......203, 224 

Muskmelons .............. 70 

McCallie, Dr. S. W. ...4, 36, 186 

McCord, Hon. Joseph ...... 65 

McDonald, George ......... 170 

McDonough ............... 199 

McDuffle County .......... 201 

Mclntosh County .......... 201 

Mclntosh, Lachlau ........ 23 

McLellan, John M. ........ 155 

McMillan, W. D. .......... 139 

McRae ...........167, 175, 208 

Nash, J. Van Holt ......... 4 

Nashville ................. 188 

National Chamber of Agricul 

ture ................... 92 

National Pecan Groves .... 164 

National Nut Growers Asso 

ciation ................. 113 

Naval Stores ............23, 51 

Navigation ................ 77 

Negro Farmers ........147, 180 

Negro Schools ............ 126 

New Hope ................ 24 

New Jersey ............... 74 

Newnan .................. 192 

News Service ............. 212 

Newton ............... 142, 187 

Newton County ....82, 171, 

185, 204 

New York ..26, 40, 62, 103, 110 

N. Y. College of Agriculture. 107 

N. Y. Stock Exchange ..... 37 

Noble's Oxford Rex ....... 162 

Nolan, R. N. ............. 139 

North Carolina ............ 97 

Nortlicutt, Ralph W..... 134, 

162, 163 

North Georgia Fair ........ 125 

Nova Scotia .............. 22 

Nut Crops ................ 102 

Nutter, Phillip ............ 94 

Oak Mountain ............ 151 

Oats ..................68, 156 

Oats, Yield in Georgia ..... 65 

Ocher ...............,..42, 46 

Ocilla .................... 199 

Ocmulgee River ........... 77 

Oeouee County .....65, 154, 204 

Oglethorpe, City of .....94, 201 

Oglethorpe, Sir James Ed 

ward .............. 12, 13, 14 

Oglethorpe County ......... 204 

Oglethorpe Monument ..... 13 

Oglethorpe University ..... 33 

Ogeechee River Shad ...... 161 

Oil Crops ................ 102 

Oil Mills ............'..... 194 

Okefenokee Swamp ........ 52 

Oliver, L. C. .............. 155 

Oliver, W. J. ............. 142 

O'Neal, V. R. ............. 125 

Onions ................68, 139 

Oostanaula River ......... 77 

275 

Opals .................... 46 

Oranges .................. 165 

Otto, Julius H. ............ 124 

Packing Industries ........ 161 

Palmetto ................. 136 

Panama Canal ............ 15 

Paper Manufacture ........ 49 

Parrott .................. 229 

Pasture Crops ............ 101 

Paulding County .......... 204 

Payne, Col. O. H. .......... 69 

Philadelphia .............. 94 

Peach Blossom of Kennesaw. 163 

Peaches ...........68, 103, 210 

Peachtrce Creek ........... 25 

Peachtree Road ........... 60 

Peanuts ...68, 97, 152, 156, 

175, 188, 205 

Peanut Oil ............97, 131 

Peanut Oil Mills ........... 143 

Peacock, George ........... 191 

Pearson .................. 230 

Persons, G. Ogden ........ 4 

Peas ...................68, 93 

Pecans ........... 112, 170, 171 

Peeples, H. M. ............ 145 

Pelham .................. 128 

Pennsylvania .......40, 74, 108 

Percheron Mares .......... 185 

Percheron Stallions ....... 87 

Perry .................... 199 

Persian Walnuts .......... 163 

Pickens County ..... 36, 64, 204 

Pickett, A. J. ............. 157

Pickles ................... 142 

Piedmont Plateau ......... 35 

Piedmont Ridge ........... 125 

Pierce County ..........88, 204 

Pig Club Boys ..........81, 122 

Pike County .............. 204 

Pimento Peppers ...... 126, 154 

Finders .................. 188 

Polk County .... 40, 43, 45, 

137, 204 

Pomona ...............148, 211 

Pond Cypress ...........48, 49 

Population ................ 55 

Pork Production ....... 136, 159 

Potatoes ................68, 93 

Potteries ................. 41 

Poultry .................. 152 

Poultry Clubs ............. 80 

Powell, Bartow ........... 147 

Precious Stones ........... 46 

Preston .................. 210 

Price, J. D. ......4, 89, 91, 186 

Progressive Farm Clubs .... 159 

Prohibition Laws .......... 34 

Pruet, J. G. .............. 125 

Publicity Bureau .......... 212 

Publicity Campaign ....... 121 

Pulaski County ............ 284 

Purcell, B. D. ............. 125 

Pure Food and Drug Laws.. 89 

Puritans ................. 15 

Purse, Thomas ............ 248 

Putnam County ........... 205 

Quincy, J. W. ............. 125 

Quitman, City of ... 28, 29, 

130, 188, 211 

Quitman County .......... 205 

Quitman Graded School .... 34 

Rabun County ..... 45, 150, 205 

Randolph County .. 143, 205, 247 

Railroad Commission ...... 78 

Ready-Made Opportunities .. 71 

ReidSTille ............. 125, 207 

Reigel, Mark .....126, 146, 154 

Reigel, S. D. & Sons ...... Ill 

Resaca ................... 24 

Rhode Island ............37, 74 

Rhoden, L. M. ............ 125 

Richardson, W. B. ......... 159 

Richmond County .......58, 205 

Ringgold .............. 105, 190 

Road View, Near Boston ... 173 

Robert, Harry C. .......... 124 

Roberts, J. T. ............. 204 

Rockdale County .......... 205 

Rockmart ..............44, 138 

Rockvtlle Academy ........ 33 

Rolf, H. J. ............... 125 

Roman Writer on Georgia .. 181 

Rome ...28, 29, 34, 77, 170, 

171, 196, 211, 246 

Roof Garden of Georgia .... 19 

Roses .................89, 114 

Rountree, Mrs. C. G. ...... 127 

Hoyal Bank of Canada .... 37 

Rubies ................... 46 

Rumph, Sam'1 H. .......... 104 

Russell, R. B. ............. 4 

Rutabagas ................ 68 

Rye ..................... 195 

Eylander, A. .............. 119 

Saddletrees ............... 50 

St Lukes Hospital, N. T. .. 37 

St. Marys ......20, 56, 77, 189 

St. Simons Island ......... 209 

Salzburgers, The .......... 14 

Saudersville .............. 209 

Sasser ................... 229 

Satsuma Oranges ......... 160 

Satterfleld ................ 105 

Saunders, I. G. ........... 205 

Savannah ...13, 16, 17, 28, 

29, 56, 77, 106, 108, 125, 

. 159, 190, 248, 249 

Savannah, The Steamboat .. 21 

Savannah Fair ........... 125 

Savannah, Public Market... 19B 

Savannah River ........... 77 

Saw Mills ................ 48 

Scarhoro Co., Frank ....... 258 

Schley County ............ 205 

Schofleld's Sons Co., J. S. ... 241 

Scotch Highlanders ....... 14 

Screveu County ........... 206 

Scruggs, J. M. G. ......... 133 

Scuppernong Grapes ....... 117 

Seaboard Air Line Railway.. 251 

Sea Island Cotton ......99, 209 

Sessions, Moultrle ......... 235 

Sessions Loan & Trust Co... 235 

Sewing Machine, First .... 21 

Shannon, J. F. ............ 125 

Sharp, Miss Annie (artist).. 1 

276 

Sharp & Teomans ......... 123 

Sheep .............91, 110, 111 

Shedden, H. F. ........... 99 

Shellman ......... 142, 156, 247 

Shell Road, Illustration .... 63 

Sheppard, W. S. .......... 138 

Sherman ................. 23 

Shetland Ponies ........... 153 

Shorter College ........... 34 

Shorthorn Cattle ......99,124, 

143, 177 

Shovel Handles ........... 135 

Silos ............. .....75, 208 

Shippen, Stephen C. ....... 153 

Slash Pine ............... 54 

Slate .................... 44 

Sloan, B. C. .............. 125 

Smith, H. D. ............. 125 

Smith, John A. ........... 4 

Smith, Dr. S. W. ......... 152 

Smith-Lever Bill .......... 82 

Smithwlck, H. W. ......... 163 

Smlthwick Hickory Tree ... 171 

Smiling Georgia, Color 

Frontispiece ............ 1 

Smyrna .................. 139 

Snow of Southern Summer. 21 

Soapstone ................ 45 

Soil Survey ............... 81 

Sorghum Cane ............ 158 

Soule, Dr. A. M. ......... 79 

South America ............ 53 

South Carolina ..........97, 99 

Southdown Sheep ......... 138 

Southeastern Fair ... 78, 84, 

90, 95, 124, 125, 138, 145 

Southeastern Land Show ... 

155, 179, 180, 181 

Southern Express Co. ...... 78 

Southern Railway ......... 105 

Southern Rurallst ......... 260 

Soy Beau Oil ............. 131 

Soy Bean Oil Mills ........ 143 

Soy Beans ................ 133 

Spalding County ...... 158, 206 

Sparta ................... 197 

Speer, Wm. J. ............4, 64 

Spelman Seminary ........ 127 

Spencer, R. P. ............. 4 

Springfield, Ga. ........... 194 

Springfield, 111. ........... 29 

Springvale ............... 247 

Spokane, Wash. ........... 107 

Squashes ................. 127 

Stanley, H. M. ............ 4 

Stanley, John M. ......... 129 

Stanton. Frank L. .........3 58 

State Agricultural Dept. .122, 186 

State Agri. College.. .32, 79, 131, 

135, 166, 180, 183, 202 

State Agricultural Society.. 124 

State Capitol ............. 8 

State Fair ............... 124 

State Geologist ............ 36 

State Marketing Officials ... 92 

Statenville ............... 194 

State of Georgia (officials).. 4 

Statesboro. ..162, 189, 252. 253 

State University ......... 20, 32 

Steamboat, First .......... 21 

Stephens County ......197, 206 

Stewart County ........... 206

Strangward, C. H. ........ 160 

Striplin, R. M. ............ 125 

Stockbridge, Jobn S. ...... 100 

Stock Raising ............ 1T6 

Stone Mountain ..... 36, 39, 

124, 150, 165 

Sudan Grass .............. 148 

Suckling Pigs ............ 155 

Sugar Cane .............88, 93 

Sugar Crops .............. 102 

Sugar Refinery ............ 106 

Summerville .......... 118, 191 

Sumter County ........... 207 

Sunday School, First in World 14 

Sun-Kist Garden Jewel ..... 175 

Sutherland, A. ............ 211 

Suwanee River ........... 56 

Swainsboro ........... 145, 195 

Sweet Potatoes ...111, 128, 

142, 155, 178 

Sylvania ................. 206 

Sylvester .........160, 211, 250 

Talbot County ............ 207 

Talbotton ................ 207 

Talc ..................... 45 

Taliaferro County ......... 207 

Tate ................. 169, 220 

Tate, Sam ................ 4 

Tattnall County ....... 185, 207 

Tattnall County Fair ...... 125 

Tallulah Falls Power Dam.. 57 

Taxation ................. 61 

Tax Rates ................ 65 

Taylor County ............ 208 

Taylor County Fair .........125 

Telfair ................... 208 

Telfair County ............ 168 

Temperature .....27, 28, 29, 30 

Terrell County. 159, 208, 228, 229 

Terry, W. R. .............. 156 

Texas ...........26, 54, 59, 94 

Textile Mills .............. 195 

Thayer Home ............. 127 

Third District Agr. Fair.... 125 

Thomas, J. G. ............ 155 

Thomas County ....69, 143, 

184, 185, 203, 208, 256, 257 

Thomaston ............... 209 

Thomasville ... .29, 69, 161, 

183, 208, 256, 257 

Thompson, James E. ....... 147 

Thomson ................. 201 

Tift, H. H., Jr. ........... 254 

Tift County ..92, 208, 254, 255 

Tifton ...54, 136, 162, 178, 

208, 254, 255 

Tigner & Doonan .......... 221 

Timrod, Henry ............ 21 

Tobacco .......... 166, 167, 201 

Toccoa ................... 206 

Toccoa Creek ............. 18 

Toccoa Falls .............. 19 

Tomatoes ................. 68 

Tomochichi, Indian Chief .. 14 

Toombs County ........... 208 

Toronto, Can. .......29, 56, 124 

Towns County ............ 208 

Tripoli ................... 46 

Troup County .....98, 100, 208 

Troup County Fair ........ 125 

Trenton .................. 193 

Truck Farming ... 138, 150, 158 

Tubman High School ...... 45 

Turner County ......... 73, 209 

Turnips ....'.............. 198 

Turpentine Industry ....... 50 

Mark Twain .............. 102 

Twelfth District Fair ....... 25 

Twiggs, John ............. 23 

Twiggs County ............ 209 

Twiggs County Oranges ... 148 

U. S Bur. of Plant Industry 136 

U. S. Department of Agricul 

ture ................... 85 

Union County ............ 209 

Upson County ............ 209 

Valdosta .......... 33, 125, 201 

Van Landingham, W. H. ... 125 

Van Osten, Thos. D. ....... 253 

Vegetable Crops ........... 101 

Velvet Beans ............. 94 

Vermont ................. 38 

Vetch .................... 195 

Vienna ............... 125, 193 

Villa Rica ................ 157 

Vitrified Brick and Clay Plant 40 

Virginia .................. 92 

Wade, E. L. ........... 120, 156 

Wade, J. H., Plantation ... 184 

Wagon Factories .......... 50 

Walker County .....40,43,209 

Walker, Clifford ........... 4 

Walton County ........... 209 

Walton County Fair ....... 125 

Walton, George ........... 23 

Ware County ............. 209 

Ware, Edward T. ......... 126 

Ware, H. L. .............. 158 

Warren County ........... 209 

Warren, J. H. ............ 125 

Warrenton ............... 209 

Watermelons ..........102, 140 

Watkinsville .............. 204 

Washington, Geo. ......... 124 

Washington, Ga. ...125, 210, 259 

Washington County .... 158, 209 

Washington State ......... 108 

Waycross ................. 209 

Wayne County ....132, 136, 210 

Wayne County Fair ....... 125 

Waynesboro .............. 189 

Weather Bureau, D. S. .... 27 

Weaver, Dr. J. D. ......... 202 

Weaver, N. W. ........... 146 

Webb, W. W. ............. 125 

Webster County ........... 210 

Welch, E. C. .............. 125 

Wellston ................. 152 

Wesleyan Female College ... 20 

Wesley, Charles and John. 14, 15 

Western & Atlantic R. R. , .61. 77 

West Green .............. 230 

West Indies .............. 53 

Whatley, Tom ............ 154 

Wheat ............68, 157, 206 

Wheat (Yield in Georgia) .. 65 

Wheatley, Crawford ....... 4 

Wheeler County ........... 210 

Where's the Georgia Train .. 58 

White County ..........41, 210 

White Face Greetings ...... 182 

277 

Whitefleld .............. 14, 15 

Whitehall ................ 97 

White Leghorns, Poultry ... 123 

Whitfield County....46, 155, 210 

Whitfield County Fair ..... 125 

Whitington, E. L. ......... 142 

Whitney, Eli ........... .21, 94 

Whittle, Cbas. A. .......... 80 

Wickersham, Chas. A. . .218, 217 

Wilcox County ............ 210 

Wilder, J J. ............. 156 

Wilkes County 17, 177, 210, 259 

Wilkes Co. Development Co.. 259 

Wilklnson County .......40, 210 

Willacoochee .............. 230 

Williams, C. E. and W. E... 142 

Winburn, W. A. .......... 4 

Winder ............... 125, 188 

Woman's Club Federation .. 184 

Wood, E. Pierce ........... 157 

Woodruff, G. W. .......... 125 

Worsham, E. Lee ......... 97 

Worth County .... .160, 211, 250 

Wight, J. B. ..........113, 114 

Wright, Moses ............ 4 

Wrightsville .............. 200 

Wyandottes, Silver Lace ... 186 

Yamacraw Bluffs .......... 13 

Yazoo Fraud ............. 22 

Yeomans Orchard ......106, 109 

Yonah Land ............56, 104 

Yonah Placer Gold Mine ... 44 

Young, E. J. .............. 129 

Zebulon .................. 204

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