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SPSS® 12.0 Command Syntax Reference

SPSS® 12.0 Command Syntax Reference

SPSS® 12.0 Command Syntax Reference

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RESIDUALS Subcommand<br />

MANOVA: Univariate 857<br />

Use RESIDUALS to display and plot casewise values and residuals for your models.<br />

• Use the ERROR subcommand to specify an error term other than the default to be used to<br />

standardize the residuals.<br />

• If a designated error term does not exist for a given design, no predicted values or residuals<br />

are calculated.<br />

• If you specify RESIDUALS without any keyword, CASEWISE output is displayed.<br />

The following keywords are available:<br />

CASEWISE A case-by-case listing of the observed, predicted, residual, and standardized<br />

residual values for each dependent variable.<br />

PLOT A plot of observed values, predicted values, and case numbers versus the<br />

standardized residuals, plus normal and detrended normal probability plots<br />

for the standardized residuals (five plots in all).<br />

POWER Subcommand<br />

POWER requests observed power values based on fixed-effect assumptions for all univariate<br />

and multivariate F tests and t tests. Both approximate and exact power values can be<br />

computed, although exact multivariate power is displayed only when there is one hypothesis<br />

degree of freedom. If POWER is specified by itself, with no keywords, MANOVA calculates<br />

the approximate observed power values of all F tests at 0.05 significance level.<br />

The following keywords are available on the POWER subcommand:<br />

APPROXIMATE Approximate power values. This is the default if POWER is specified without<br />

any keyword. Approximate power values for univariate tests are derived<br />

from an Edgeworth-type normal approximation to the noncentral beta distribution.<br />

Approximate values are normally accurate to three decimal places<br />

and are much cheaper to compute than exact values.<br />

EXACT Exact power values. Exact power values for univariate tests are computed<br />

from the noncentral incomplete beta distribution.<br />

F(a) Alpha level at which the power is to be calculated for F tests. The default is<br />

0.05. To change the default, specify a decimal number between 0 and 1 in<br />

parentheses after F. The numbers 0 and 1 themselves are not allowed. F test<br />

at 0.05 significance level is the default when POWER is omitted or specified<br />

without any keyword.<br />

T(a) Alpha level at which the power is to be calculated for t tests. The default is<br />

0.05. To change the default, specify a decimal number between 0 and 1 in<br />

parentheses after t. The numbers 0 and 1 themselves are not allowed.<br />

• For univariate F tests and t tests, MANOVA computes a measure of the effect size based on<br />

partial η :<br />

2

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