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SPSS® 12.0 Command Syntax Reference

SPSS® 12.0 Command Syntax Reference

SPSS® 12.0 Command Syntax Reference

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724 HILOGLINEAR<br />

PRINT Subcommand<br />

PRINT controls the display produced for the subsequent designs.<br />

• If PRINT is omitted or included with no specifications, the default display is produced.<br />

• If any keywords are specified on PRINT, only output specifically requested is displayed.<br />

• HILOGLINEAR displays Pearson and likelihood-ratio chi-square goodness-of-fit tests for<br />

models. For saturated models, it also provides tests that the k-way effects and the k-way<br />

and higher-order effects are 0.<br />

• Both adjusted and unadjusted degrees of freedom are displayed for tables with sampling<br />

or structural zeros. K-way and higher-order tests use the unadjusted degrees of freedom.<br />

• The unadjusted degrees of freedom are not adjusted for zero cells, and they estimate the<br />

upper bound of the true degrees of freedom. These are the same degrees of freedom you<br />

would get if all cells were filled.<br />

• The adjusted degrees of freedom are calculated from the number of non-zero-fitted cells<br />

minus the number of parameters that would be estimated if all cells were filled (that is,<br />

unadjusted degrees of freedom minus the number of zero-fitted cells). This estimate of<br />

degrees of freedom may be too low if some parameters do not exist because of zeros.<br />

DEFAULT Default displays. This option includes FREQ and RESID output for nonsaturated<br />

models, and FREQ, RESID, ESTIM, and ASSOCIATION output for saturated<br />

models. For saturated models, the observed and expected frequencies<br />

are equal, and the residuals are zeros.<br />

FREQ Observed and expected cell frequencies.<br />

RESID Raw and standardized residuals.<br />

ESTIM Parameter estimates for a saturated model.<br />

ASSOCIATION Partial associations. You can request partial associations of effects only<br />

when you specify a saturated model. This option is computationally expensive<br />

for tables with many factors.<br />

ALL All available output.<br />

NONE Design information and goodness-of-fit statistics only. Use of this option<br />

overrides all other specifications on PRINT.<br />

PLOT Subcommand<br />

Use PLOT to request residuals plots.<br />

• If PLOT is included without specifications, standardized residuals and normal probability<br />

plots are produced.<br />

• No plots are displayed for saturated models.<br />

• If PLOT is omitted, no plots are produced.<br />

RESID Standardized residuals by observed and expected counts.<br />

NORMPLOT Normal probability plots of adjusted residuals.

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