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SPSS® 12.0 Command Syntax Reference

SPSS® 12.0 Command Syntax Reference

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194 <strong>Syntax</strong> <strong>Reference</strong><br />

WEIGHT Specifies the variable weight with a positive integer. The default value is 1.<br />

If WEIGHT is specified for supplementary variables, it is ignored and a syntax<br />

warning is issued.<br />

LEVEL Specifies the optimal scaling level.<br />

Level Keyword<br />

The following keywords are used to indicate the optimal scaling level:<br />

SPORD Spline ordinal (monotonic). This is the default. The order of the categories<br />

of the observed variable is preserved in the optimally scaled variable.<br />

Category points will be on a straight line (vector) through the origin. The<br />

resulting transformation is a smooth monotonic piecewise polynomial of the<br />

chosen degree. The pieces are specified by the user-specified number and<br />

procedure-determined placement of the interior knots.<br />

SPNOM Spline nominal (nonmonotonic). The only information in the observed<br />

variable that is preserved in the optimally scaled variable is the grouping of<br />

objects in categories. The order of the categories of the observed variable is<br />

not preserved. Category points will lie on a straight line (vector) through the<br />

origin. The resulting transformation is a smooth, possibly nonmonotonic,<br />

piecewise polynomial of the chosen degree. The pieces are specified by the<br />

user-specified number and procedure-determined placement of the interior<br />

knots.<br />

MNOM Multiple nominal. The only information in the observed variable that is<br />

preserved in the optimally scaled variable is the grouping of objects in<br />

categories. The order of the categories of the observed variable is not<br />

preserved. Category points will be in the centroid of the objects in the<br />

particular categories. Multiple indicates that different sets of quantifications<br />

are obtained for each dimension.<br />

ORDI Ordinal. The order of the categories on the observed variable is preserved in<br />

the optimally scaled variable. Category points will be on a straight line<br />

(vector) through the origin. The resulting transformation fits better than<br />

SPORD transformation but is less smooth.<br />

NOMI Nominal. The only information in the observed variable that is preserved in<br />

the optimally scaled variable is the grouping of objects in categories. The<br />

order of the categories of the observed variable is not preserved. Category<br />

points will be on a straight line (vector) through the origin. The resulting<br />

transformation fits better than SPNOM transformation but is less smooth.<br />

NUME Numerical. Categories are treated as equally spaced (interval level). The<br />

order of the categories and the equal distances between category numbers of<br />

the observed variables are preserved in the optimally scaled variable.<br />

Category points will be on a straight line (vector) through the origin. When<br />

all variables are scaled at the numerical level, the CATPCA analysis is<br />

analogous to standard principal components analysis.

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