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SPSS® 12.0 Command Syntax Reference

SPSS® 12.0 Command Syntax Reference

SPSS® 12.0 Command Syntax Reference

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SUMMARIZE 1541<br />

each group. You can specify a title and a caption for the Summary or Listing Report using<br />

the TITLE and FOOTNOTE subcommands.<br />

Basic Specification<br />

The basic specification is TABLES with a variable list. Each variable creates a category.<br />

The actual keyword TABLES can be omitted.<br />

• The minimum specification is a dependent variable.<br />

• By default, SUMMARIZE displays a Case Processing Summary table showing the number<br />

and percentage of cases included, excluded, and their total, and a Summary Report showing<br />

means, standard deviations, and number of cases for each category.<br />

<strong>Syntax</strong> Rules<br />

• Both numeric and string variables can be specified. String variables can be short or long.<br />

• If there is more than one TABLES subcommand, FORMAT=LIST or VALIDLIST results in an<br />

error.<br />

• String specifications for TITLE and FOOTNOTE cannot exceed 255 characters. Quotation<br />

marks or apostrophes are required. When the specification breaks on multiple lines, enclose<br />

each line in apostrophes or quotation marks and separate the specifications for each<br />

line by at least one blank.<br />

• Each subcommand except TABLES can be specified only once. Multiple use results in a<br />

warning, and the last specification is used.<br />

• Multiple TABLES subcommands are allowed, but multiple specifications use a lot of computer<br />

resources and time.<br />

• There is no limit on the number of variables you can specify on each TABLES subcommand.<br />

• When a variable is specified more than once, only the first occurrence is honored. The<br />

same variables specified after different BY keywords will result in an error.<br />

Limitations<br />

• Only 5 BY keywords can be specified.<br />

Operations<br />

• The data are processed sequentially. It is not necessary to sort the cases before processing.<br />

If a BY keyword is used, the output is always sorted.<br />

• A Case Processing Summary table is always generated, showing the number and percentage<br />

of the cases included, excluded, and the total.<br />

• For each combination of control variables specified after different BY keywords,<br />

SUMMARIZE produces a group in the Summary Report (depending on the specification on

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