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SPSS® 12.0 Command Syntax Reference

SPSS® 12.0 Command Syntax Reference

SPSS® 12.0 Command Syntax Reference

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1278 PROXIMITIES<br />

RANGE Standardize values to have a range of 1. PROXIMITIES divides each value<br />

being standardized by the range of values for the variable or case. If the range<br />

is 0, PROXIMITIES leaves all values unchanged.<br />

RESCALE Standardize values to have a range from 0 to 1. From each value being standardized,<br />

PROXIMITIES subtracts the minimum value and then divides by the<br />

range for the variable or case. If a range is 0, PROXIMITIES sets all values for<br />

the case or variable to 0.50.<br />

MAX Standardize values to a maximum magnitude of 1. PROXIMITIES divides<br />

each value being standardized by the maximum value for the variable or<br />

case. If the maximum of the values is 0, PROXIMITIES divides each value by<br />

the absolute magnitude of the smallest value and adds 1.<br />

MEAN Standardize values to a mean of 1. PROXIMITIES divides each value being<br />

standardized by the mean of the values for the variable or case. If the mean<br />

is 0, PROXIMITIES adds 1 to all values for the case or variable to produce a<br />

mean of 1.<br />

SD Standardize values to unit standard deviation. PROXIMITIES divides each<br />

value being standardized by the standard deviation of the values for the<br />

variable or case. PROXIMITIES does not change the values if their standard<br />

deviation is 0.<br />

Example<br />

PROXIMITIES A B C<br />

/STANDARDIZE=CASE RANGE.<br />

• Within each case, values are standardized to have ranges of 1.<br />

VIEW Subcommand<br />

VIEW indicates whether proximities are computed between cases or between variables.<br />

CASE Compute proximity values between cases. This is the default.<br />

VARIABLE Compute proximity values between variables.<br />

MEASURE Subcommand<br />

MEASURE specifies the similarity, dissimilarity, or distance measure that PROXIMITIES<br />

computes. Three transformations are available with any of these measures:<br />

ABSOLUTE Take the absolute values of the proximities. Use ABSOLUTE when the sign of<br />

the values indicates the direction of the relationship (as with correlation<br />

coefficients) but only the magnitude of the relationship is of interest.<br />

REVERSE Transform similarity values into dissimilarities, or vice versa. Use this specification<br />

to reverse the ordering of the proximities by negating the values.

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