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SPSS® 12.0 Command Syntax Reference

SPSS® 12.0 Command Syntax Reference

SPSS® 12.0 Command Syntax Reference

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1276 PROXIMITIES<br />

Example<br />

Overview<br />

Options<br />

PROXIMITIES A B C.<br />

PROXIMITIES computes a variety of measures of similarity, dissimilarity, or distance<br />

between pairs of cases or pairs of variables for moderate-sized data sets (see “Limitations”<br />

below). PROXIMITIES matrix output can be used as input to procedures ALSCAL, CLUSTER,<br />

and FACTOR. To learn more about proximities matrices and their uses, consult Anderberg<br />

(1973) and Romesburg (1984).<br />

Standardizing Data. With the STANDARDIZE subcommand you can standardize the values for<br />

each variable or for each case by any of several different methods.<br />

Proximity Measures. You can compute a variety of similarity, dissimilarity, and distance<br />

measures using the MEASURE subcommand. (Similarity measures increase with greater<br />

similarity; dissimilarity and distance measures decrease.) MEASURE can compute<br />

measures for interval data, frequency count data, and binary data. Only one measure can<br />

be requested in any one PROXIMITIES procedure. With the VIEW subcommand, you can<br />

control whether proximities are computed between variables or between cases.<br />

Output. You can display a computed matrix using the PRINT subcommand.<br />

Matrix Input and Output. You can write a computed proximities matrix to an SPSS-format<br />

data file using the MATRIX subcommand. This matrix can be used as input to procedures<br />

CLUSTER, ALSCAL, and FACTOR. You can also use MATRIX to read a similarity, dissimilarity,<br />

or distance matrix. This option lets you rescale or transform existing proximity<br />

matrices.<br />

Basic Specification<br />

The basic specification is a variable list, which obtains Euclidean distances between cases<br />

based on the values of each specified variable.<br />

Subcommand Order<br />

• The variable list must be first.<br />

• Subcommands can be named in any order.<br />

Operations<br />

• PROXIMITIES ignores case weights when computing coefficients.

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