Key Concepts of Museology - ICOM

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FOREWORD 8 lead to increasing discrepancies in museum job specifi cations and training courses across different cultures. In this context, a reference tool for museum professionals and students of museology is allthe-more essential. Where the ICOM/UNESCO publication Running a Museum: A Practical Handbook provided museum practitioners with a basic handbook on current museum practice, the Encyclopaedia Dictionarium should be regarded as a companion piece, providing a complementary perspective on the theory of museums. While the challenges of day-to-day work often overwhelm the ability of the museum fi eld to stop and think about its fundamental philosophical bases, there is a growing need for functionaries at all levels to rise to the challenge of bringing clarity and comprehension to those who question the relevance of the museum to society and its citizens. ICOFOM’s crucial work as encapsulated in the Encyclopaedic Dictionary provides for a cogent, structured deconstruction and distillation of the core precepts underpinning our work today. Although the Dictionary presents a predominantly Francophone vision of museology for reasons of linguistic coherence, the terminologies synthesised herein are comprehended and/or utilised by museologists in several different cultures. The publication, while not exhaustive, synthesises decades of knowledge development in a systematic investigation of both the epistemology and etymology of the museum and offers an in-depth presentation of the primary concepts in Museology today, with an elegantly pragmatic view of both the historical redundancies and current contentions, which invest in the growth and expansion of the profession. ICOFOM, the Dictionary’s editors and its authors have consistently brought sensibility, perception, rigour and balance to this task of ‘defi ning’ and explaining the institution and the practice. As an avant première of the complete Encyclopaedic Dictionary, this brochure has been designed to give access to the widest public possible, in the context both historical and current, for the derivation and evolution of the various terms that litter the language today. In the spirit of ICOM’s policy of embracing diversity and promoting greater inclusion, ICOM anticipates that like the ICOM Code of Ethics
FOREWORD for Museums, its publication will stimulate broad-based debate and collaboration in its continued updating and revision, rather than being left on the high shelf. ICOM’s 22 nd triennial General Conference, in Shanghai, China is therefore a fi tting début for this invaluable reference tool in museology. Bringing together museum professionals of all nationalities is precisely the type of platform that gives birth to standards and reference tools such as these for current and future generations. Alissandra Cummins President International Council of Museums (ICOM) 9
Page 1: Key Concepts of Museology
Page 4 and 5: With the assistance of the Musée R
Page 7: F OREWORD The development of profes
Page 12 and 13: PREFACE 12 covered by each term, to
Page 15 and 16: I NTRODUCTION What is a museum? How
Page 17 and 18: I NTRODUCTION everyone shares a com
Page 19 and 20: I NTRODUCTION from reality. The rel
Page 21: I NTRODUCTION In the early 1980s th
Page 24 and 25: 24 New functions that emerged in th
Page 26 and 27: 26 COLLECTION n. - Equivalent in Fr
Page 28 and 29: 28 its assumed materiality as a sta
Page 30 and 31: 30 not mean that the visitor is not
Page 32 and 33: 32 is a theoretical and methodologi
Page 34 and 35: 34 American Association of Museums)
Page 36 and 37: 36 interactions specifi c to this p
Page 38 and 39: 38 tion (the exact meaning of which
Page 40 and 41: 40 ciples of history, history of ar
Page 42 and 43: 42 5. The institution of heritage a
Page 44 and 45: 44 objects. The museum institution,
Page 46 and 47: 46 time within profi t-making organ
Page 48 and 49: 48 which mobilises diverse technolo
Page 50 and 51: 50 be incapable of using the resour
Page 52 and 53: 52 sory perception, experiment, and
Page 54 and 55: 54 Etymologically speaking museolog
Page 56 and 57: 56 because it includes all the othe
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58 many that attest to a “specifi
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60 museum in its exterior theatre o
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62 In this sense the object is abst
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64 of a language of substitution. W
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66 another museal institution, dest
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68 Committee for the Training of Pe
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70 guide-lecturer or lecturer, who
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72 establishment. The notion of pub
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74 manent ones, part of the fundame
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76 heterogeneous groups of people (
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BIBLIOGRAPHY 78 BUCK R., GILMORE J.
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BIBLIOGRAPHY 80 KARP I. et al. (Ed.
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BIBLIOGRAPHY 82 SCHEINER T., 2007.
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