Spectral Unmixing Applied to Desert Soils for the - Naval ...

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area making it possible to tell what type of traffic has come through the area. This could potentially be useful when selecting the best possible endmembers from a library to use in analysis for a given type of disturbance. 80
LIST OF REFERENCES Allaby, M., Anderson, R., and Crofton, I., (2011). Deserts and Semideserts. Chicago, IL: Heinemann-Raintree,. Asner, G.P., and Heidebrecht, K.B., (2002). Spectral unmixing of vegetation, soil and dry carbon cover in arid regions: Comparing multispectral and hyperspectral observations. International Journal of Remote Sensing, 23(19), 3939–3958. Asner, G.P., and Lobell, D. B., (2000). A biogeophysical approach for automated SWIR unmixing of soils and vegetation. Remote Sensing of Environment, 74, 99–112. Balba, A. M., (1995). Management of problem soils in arid ecosystems. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press, 13-18. Ben-Dor, E., Goldlshleger, N., Benyamini, Y., Agassi, M., and Blumberg, D.G., (2003). The spectral reflectance properties of soil structural crusts in the 1.2 to 2.5 µm spectral region. Soil Society of America Journal, 67 (1), 289–299. Bernstein, L.S., Jin, X., Gregor, B., and Adler-Golden, S.M., (2012). Quick atmospheric correction code: algorithm description and recent upgrades. Optical engineering, 51 (11), 111719-1–111719-11. Birvio, P.A., Giardino, C., Zilioli, E., (2001). Validation of satellite data for quality assurance in lake monitoring applications. Science of The Total Environment, 268 (1-3), 3–18. Boardman, J.W., and Kruse, F.A., (2011). Analysis of imaging spectrometer data using N-dimensional geometry and a mixture-tuned matched filtering approach. IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, 49 (11), 4138–4152. Bowker, M. A., Belnap, J., Davidson, D. W., and Phillips, S. L., (2005). Evidence for micronutrient limitation of biological soil crusts: Importance to arid-lands restoration. Ecological Applications, 15(6), 1941–1951. doi: 10.1890/04-1959 Bursik, M., and Sieh, K., (1989). Range Faulting and Volcanism in the Mono Basin, eastern California. Journal of Geophysical Research, 94 (B11), 15, 587–15, 609. Collins, B. H., Olsen, R C., and Hackwell, J., (1997). Thermal imagery spectral Analysis. SPIE, 3118, 0277-786x. Clark, R.N., (1999). Spectroscopy of rocks and minerals, and principles of spectroscopy. In Manual of Remote Sensing, Volume 3, Remote Sensing for the Earth Sciences, (A.N. Rencz ed.), New York, NY: John Wiley and Sons, 3–58. 81
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NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY,
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REPORT DOCUMENTATION PAGE Form Appr
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Approved for public release; distri
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ABSTRACT Desert areas cover approxi
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TABLE OF CONTENTS I. INTRODUCTION..
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LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1. The above
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spectrum by atmospheric effects. Re
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emoved function showing an absorpti
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LIST OF TABLES Table 1. This table
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LIST OF ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS
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I. INTRODUCTION A study published b
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II. THE PHYSICS BEHIND REMOTE SENSI
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sensitive a given sensor is to diff
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Figure 3. From Green et al. (1998),
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analyzing imagery spectra, it is mo
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After data have been converted to r
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Collins et al. (1997) was able to s
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These purposes include, but are not
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III. DESERT ECOSYSTEM CHARACTERISTI
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sagebrush of Utah, Montana, and the
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in desert regions include argids, o
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2. Biological Soil Crusts (BSCs) Bi
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2004), especially in cases where ma
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IV. STUDY SITES The focus area of t
Page 50 and 51: Figure 13. This figure illustrates
Page 52 and 53: Following the uplift that occurred
Page 54 and 55: the Mazourka Canyon OHV park betwee
Page 56 and 57: wavelengths being analyzed to obtai
Page 58 and 59: 2. Field Spectroscopy An Analytical
Page 60 and 61: A spectral library was then built a
Page 62 and 63: after atmospherically correcting th
Page 64 and 65: where: is the mean corrected and no
Page 66 and 67: also be seen in Figure 23. The leve
Page 68 and 69: Figure 24. This figure is a compari
Page 70 and 71: Figure 25. This figure shows ASD co
Page 72 and 73: Looking at Figure 25 it is apparent
Page 74 and 75: A. IMAGERY DERIVED ENDMEMBERS The i
Page 76 and 77: Figure 28. The above shows some of
Page 78 and 79: spectrometer, reflectance values we
Page 80 and 81: such an inference can be made (Ben-
Page 82 and 83: While this is lower than the hoped
Page 84 and 85: While the lower value would initial
Page 86 and 87: Figure 33. This figure shows the ad
Page 88 and 89: Inset C of Figure 35 is the same da
Page 90 and 91: However, the presences of BSCs are
Page 92 and 93: A B C Figure 37. Inset A shows the
Page 94 and 95: A B C Figure 38. Inset A shows a co
Page 96 and 97: differences in the studies by other
Page 98 and 99: small concentrations making them un
Page 102 and 103: Clark, R. N., Swayze, G. A., Livo,
Page 104 and 105: Kruse, F. A., Boardman, J. W., and
Page 106 and 107: Sharp, R. P., and Glazner, A. F., (
Page 108: INITIAL DISTRIBUTION LIST 1. Defens
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