Report of the Foreshore Erosion Board 1936

The Hon. the Minister of Public Works,
State Public Office',
Melbourne.
SIR,
three
Foreshore Erosion Board.
21st December, 1936.
The Foreshore Erosion Board has the honour to submit the following report :-
On 16th April, 1935, the Honorable the Premier announced that an expert Board of
members would be appointed to investigate the matter of foreshore erosion.
On 9th May, 1935, Cabinet appointed the following members to constitute the Board :­
A. D. Mackenzie. M.Inst.C.E., M.I.E.Aust., Uhairman.
D. J. McClelland, M.C.E., M.Inst.C.E., M.I.E.Aust., MembeJ'.
A. E. Aughtie, M.Inst.C.E., A.M.I.E.Aust., Member.
TERMS OF REFERENCE.
The terms of reference to the Board were:-
(1) Arrive at the cause of foreshore erosion;
(2) Measures necessary to cope with the 'ituation;
(3) Financial aspect in regard to cost, and recommendatiolli' for the aJlocation of
such cost amongst possible contributory bodies.
On 23rd December. 1935, the Foreshore Erosion Board submitted an interim report fol'
the consideration of the Honorable the Minister, dealing specifically with a section of the
foreshore between Martin-street and Cole-street, Brighton. A copy is attached hereto
(Appendix 1).
HISTORY OF REQUESTS FOR ATTENTION 1'0 EROSION.
Official records show that, for many years, there has been persistent agitation by
bayside municipalities, requesting that action be taken to protect the foreshores of Port PhiJJip
from the ravages of erosion. There is also evidence that local authorities have attempted
from time to time to induce the Government to adopt measures to prevent the loss of lands
adjoining the waterfront at other places on the Victorian coast-line.
The inner municipalities. such as Port Melbourne, South Melbourne, St. Kilda, and
Brighton, have been dealing with the question for quite a number of years. and have
eom;tructed retaining walls and groyne on the foreshores of their cities.
During 1923, M1'. A. D. Mackenzie, then A sistant Engineer, Public V\ orks Department.
made a detailed investigation of the area between Sandringham and Mordialloc. and. as a
I'('sult, Mr. Geo. Kermode. M.e.E., M.Inst.C.E., &c., then Chief Engineer of the Public Works
Department, reported to the Honorable the Minister of Public Works, inter alia, as follows :-
" The importance of this question has not been exaggerated.
Apart altogether from the danger to children and others using the beaches over
the areas referred to being buried by masses of earth falling from the seriously
undermined cliffs, there is the ever-increasing reduction in area of valuable and
irreplaceable foreshore reserves which, with their luxuriant growth of ti-tree, form
a pleasant retreat during the summer months for tens of thousands of visitors from
the metropolis and other parts oJ the State, as well as for the residents in the
immediate neighbourhood.
At a time when much public thought and expenditure are being devoted
towards the acquisition of additional reserves and open spaces for the benefit of the
public, it would be inexcusable if such reserves as these-superior as they are in their
present natural state to any that can be purchased or created-should be allowed to
be destroyed, as they inevitably will be, if some early steps are not taken to prevent
further erosion.
In addition, there is in many places a serious encroachment towards the road
skirting the foreshore and, if for no other reason than to preserve such thoroughfares.
it will be neces ary to take 'ome steps to prevent the destruction of the foreshores."

20
If these results are not so obtained. they can be secured by encouraging the
deposit of sand by trapping the littoral current by means of groynes.
In the case of (b), coasts with predominant current without transport material,
or with in 'ufflcient transport. if the area of dry foreshore is sufficiently wiele, it is still
posRible that the alternations of fine and rough weather, assisted by wind action, may
suffice to ensure the stahility of the coast: but, if the destructive current skirts the
coast-line too closely, it will be necessary to slacJren it by the construction of groynes
of length sufficient to attain this object.
In the case of coasts without prevailing current, and subject to the preponderant
action of waves, if there exists no supply of material for coastal travel, or if the preponderating
action of the waves is normal to the coast-line, groynes will be useless, and
there is no other protection possible than that of longitudinal works.
If, on the other hand, there is sufficient travel of material, the protection of the
coast can be assured by groynes alone. If the supply is insufficient, ur there is reason
to fear that storm waves may strike the coast in a direction parallel with that of the
groynes, so producing an excessive thinning of the beach, the protective works should
comprise, in addition to groynes, a longitudinal structure.
The longitudinal work of defence is imperative in every case where, for any
reason whatever, protection must be obtained with the least possible delay.
Groynes are generally set at right angles to the sh01·e.
Sand trapping groynes are generally not efficacious otherwise than m groups,
and unless they all reach the same distance from the shore.
Groynes designed with the object of divet·ting destructive curt'ents should be watertight. On
the contrary, sand-trapping gt'oynes should not be watertight.
The effect of groynes was studied by the Board at the following places :-South Melbourne,
Brighton, Sandringham, Sorrento, Queenscliff, Point Lonsdale, Altona, Lakes Entrance, Inverloch,
and other places where groynes had been constructed in recent years by the Public Works
Department and Municipal Authorities.
These groynes provide a museum of types. On the South Melbourne beach front, the
results obtained from low, hog-back, masonry groynes appeared to be quite satisfactory. The
beach front was being retained at sections subject to denudation, whilst in other sections sand
accretion was taking place, thereby providing a sandy beach surface for the public and, at the
same time, offering protection to the sea wall. These hog-back groynes follow the beach level,
and extend out beyond the Low Water mark. The results obtained from this type of groyne
are illustrated in Fig. 50.
The Board's study of groynes alrea.dy constructed revealed that no well-defined plan had
been adopted by the constructing authorities with respect to design or location of groynes. This
is, in all probability, due to the fact that the many important, considerations under-lying this
section of foreshore protection have not, up to the present, received that close and scientific
investigation in this State that it has in other countries. Even a close study of published works
has not materially helped the Board in its determinations regarding particular areas. It is possible
to lay down a series of general principles in relation to groyning, but the actual prescription for
individual areas cannot be definitely put forward without a certain amount of trial and error
work and scientific research by competent authorities.
The Board, in reporting upon the second of its terms of reference, namely, " Measures
necessary to cope with the situation," recommends that, in addition to sea walls already referred
to herein, an extensive groyning programme be followed in each of the areas set out in the
detailed recommendations for treatment listed in Appendix No.4.
It will be noted, following upon the comments made herein by the Board, that the groynes
recommended can be adjusted to meet any situation that may arise after closely observing the
results obtained.
The groyne treatment recommended may be divided into three sections :-
(a) Standard timber groyne of low type, details of which are shown in Fig. 46 ;
(b) Ti-tree and brushwood groynes-See Fig. 47 :
(c) Stone groynes-See Fig. 48.

23
The Board has submitted details of proposals to the municipal councils of Sandringham
and Mordialloc for protective works within their boundaries, with the accompanying letter :-
Dear Sir,
I have to advise that the Foreshore Erosion Board hns given lengthy
consideration to areas along the foreshore seriously affected by erosion, and has
arrived at the conclusion that certain section, within the municipality of
require immediate attention.
Under the Board's terms of reFerence, it will be necessary for the Board, when
submitting its report, to deal with the financial aspect, having regard to the co, t"
and recommendations for the allocation of such cost amongst possible contributing
bodies.
The Board, when inspecting the foreshore in company with members of the
council some months ago, requested the council to consider the question of a
contribution towards the cost of any works that may form the subject of a
recommendation. The reply then given was that the council would decide the matter
when a scheme was put up by the Board.
The Board will be pleased to receive from the council, as soon as possible,
some indication of the extent to which it is prepared to render financial assistance
in the scheme suggested, so that sllCh offer may be indicated in the report to be
8ubmitted by the Board.
As a result of the extensive investigation already conducted, the Board is
impressed with the value to the municipalities of beach fronts and adjoining reserves,
and, apart from any other consideration, has arrived at the conclusion that the
respective municipalities have already gained, and in future have much more to gain,
from these local assets which play such an important part in the development and
progress of seaside residential suburbs.
Yours faithfully,
The following replies were received:­
Dear Sir,
I am interested to acknowledge receipt of your letter of the 9th March, in
which you submit details of a Rcheme for checking erosion. The scheme and plans
which accompanied it have been carefully considered by the council, which is
thoroughly in accord with same.
Your Board extends an invitation to the council to contribute to the cost of
work embodied in the scheme. In reply, I am instructed to inform you that the
council, realizing, as mentioned in your letter, that the foreshore is an asset, each
year expends considerably more than it receives by way of revenue.
In support of this, I am to advise you that, in the last ten years, the council
has received £14,393 in revenue, and has spent £30,773. This expenditure does not
include sustenance labour wages, of which approximately one-third is charged to
foreshore improvements.
Whereas other municipalities may have contributed in some manner or other,
the council considers that each case should be dealt with on its merits-the rate in
this municipality is equivalent to 2s. lld. in the £1, and feels that, undel' the
circumstance, it should not be called upon to contribute towards the cost of the
scheme.
Yours faithfully,
Town Clerk, City of Ramhingham.
6th April, 1936. -
Dear Sir,
I have to acknowledge the receipt of your letter of the 14th May, advising the
Board has given consideration to areas along the foreshore seriously affected by erosion,
and has arrived at the conclusion that certain sections within this municipality require
early attention, and forwarding a scheme which has been developed by the Board,
and stating that the Board \vonld be pleased to receive some indication of the extent
to which the council is prepared to render financial assistance in the scheme suggested
so that such offer may be incorporated in the interim report to be submitted by the
Board. Such letter was placed before the council at its meeting held on the 2nd June,
when I was directed to inform you that the council appreciates the prevention of
erosion work that is now being carried out, and congratulates the Board on tho

32
SAND MOVEMENTS AT MORDIALLOC.
Further test. of the material of which the cliff's are composed. and of the sanch of the beaches on tbe Mordialloc
section of the fore bore. were made Irv the Board for purposes of comparison with the results obtained at
Randringham.
The analyses of tbe c-lifT material and the Ileach sand Khow th'lt,. \\·hilst on the Nandringh,LIll section, allOut 20 pel'
cent. of the potential beach building material in the cli IT face has been carried to other localitiefi by sea action, on the
Mentone section the sand of the beaches is almof\t of the samc composition as that of the cliff (excluding elutriable
material), and the Board i. of the opinion that, on this sectioll, the eroded material from thc cliff is not transported
far, hut is spread out over the sea bed in the form of sand hanks offshore.
On this section of the coaf\t it has been possible to measure, from chaits of soundings marIe in Reaumarif\ Bay
In 1889, the actual amount of erosion that has taken place on the shore line since that date.
The rate of coast erosion is set out on page 7.
Analyses of clifI materials and beach sand in the vicinity of Beaumaris Bay, Mentone, show-
(a.) To obtain 600 parts of sand of similar composition to that found 011 the adjacent bcaches requires
684'3 parts of clifT material, from which 84'3 parts of material (all consisting of particll's f\maJler
than 1/100th of an inch in diameter) has to be removed.
(b) Of this quantity (84' 3 parts) 63 parts is clutriable material and not sand; tlH'refore, not beach building
material.
(c) This leaves a balance of 21 .3 parts, or ::l per cent., of potential beach huilding material, which is carried
away in suspension by the sea.
RELATION BETWEEN SIZE OF SAND GRAINS AND THE BEACH SLOPE.
With a view to determining the relation between the size of the sand grain on the beach and the slope of the
beach the Board carried out investigations.
Samples of beach sand have been collected from the various beaches of Port Phillip Bay at varying distances
from the water line and at determined depths. Mter mixing and drying the sample.' were sicved and subjected to n.
mechanical analysis for size. For the purposes of comparison the fineness modulus of the sands has been adopted.
The graphs, Figs. 51 and 52, show some of the results obtained by the investigations.
The slope of the foreshore ha been taken a the average slope of the foreshore, measured from the hack of the
beach to the mean water level. On Fig. 51 is shown the relation between the slope of the beach and the fineness modulus
of the sand grains.
The samples of sand used were collected from January, 1935, to June, 1936, and were taken from the foreshore
under varying weather conditions. The observations plainly show the action of groynes and artifieial brea.kwaters, &c.,
on the distribution of sand. A feature worth noting is their ability to hold a fine sand on a steep slope or a coarser
sand on a flatter slope. Fig. 52 shows the relation between the average slope of the foreshore at various parts of Port
Phillip Bay and the fineness modulus of the sand grains in the same locality.
The observations indicate that, in general, the steeper the slope of the beach the coarser the grains of the sand,
and vice versa. The Board is not convinced that this correlation is a case of cau e and effect, as there are other factors,
such as the fetch of the sea, depths of water offshore, and currents that might enter as controlling factors.
LITTORAL DRIFT.
With a view to forming some estimate of the amount of and moving along the beaches of Port Phillip Bay
and elsewhere on the coast-line, the Board have carried out certain experimental work.
LONGSHORE CURRE)lTS.
A study of currents in Port Phillip Bay was made hy means of sub-surface float and colourer! water. for
various widths of the littoral zone.
LITTORAL DRIFT.
Samples of sea water were ohtained at various parts of the coast-line and at varying distance offshore.
These were taken by means of a samplini! device hy wbich a sample of sea water with its suspended sand was
obtained at fixed points along a line normal to the shore line. The samples were analysed for amount of sand and
mineral matter in suspension. The greater part of the sand movement is shown to be in the zone between high
water mark and low water mark. In this zone the amount of sand and mineral matter in suspension is high.
Tests were carried out during many different weather conditions and comparisons made of the results obtained.
At St. Kilda results obtained from tests indicate that under the action of light S.S.E. winds, with calm to
moderate sea, there is a movement of sand across a line perpendicular to the beach and shore-ward of the 10 feet
contour of about 12 cubic yards per hour, whilst during rough sea conditions with strong S.W. winds the amount
of sand movement had increased to 55 cubic yards per hour.
At Brighton during rough sea conditions and st.rong S.W. wind the sand movement shore-ward of the 10 feet
cOI).tour indicated was about 20 cubic yards per hour.
Whilst the Board does not consider the investigations to date sufficiently exhaustive to enable any definite
conclusions to be arrived at, it is, nevertheless. of the opinion that the subject is of considerable importance where
attempts are to be made to build beaches by artificial processes, and warrants fnrther technica:l investigation.

40
APPENDIX 4.-HEPORTS AND ESTIMATES OF COST OF FORESHORE PROTECTION
ALONG THE AREAS VISITED BY THE BOARD.
A general plan No. 15 hows the municipal boundaries on Port Phillip Bay, and the local authority vested with
the control of the foreshore.
All plans have been marked to indicate the relative urgency of the works propo 'ed by the Board.
Sections coloured red Serious erosion:
blue Erosion taking placc ;
green Slow erosion.
Estimates are shown under two headings:­
(a) Protective works;
(b) Other works.
In the case of (a), the works proposed are necessary to protect the foreshores, while, in the case of (b), such
work as battering and treatment of cliff face, fencing, construction of ramps and promenades, are provided for as
part of the Board's scheme for final treatment.
Where cliff treatment is rccommended, provision has been made in the estimates for the Board's scheme as
outlined on page 18' of the Report. Where necessary, space has been reserved at the toe of the cliff for the
re-alignment of bathing boxes and boat sheds.
CITY OF PORT MELBOURNE.
(See Plan No. ].)
Area 2,366 acres
Population 13,100
Annual Valuation (1934-35) £151,000
General Rate 2s. 6d. in the £
Revenue (1934-35) £55,173
P1'ince's Pier to Station Pier (Melbourne Harbor Trust Area).-The foreshore protection along this area is in the
form of timber-sheet piling.
Station Pier to Town Pier.-This section is protected by a concrete sea wall 5 ft. 9 in. high, the upper 2 ft. 9 in.
of which serves as parapet wall for the promenade of Beach-street.
This wall is provided with timber-sheet piling at the toe for most of its length, but 215 feet on the north
side of the Town Pier is required to complete the protection of the wall. See Figs. 4- to 7.
South of Town Pie1'.-To complete the concrete walling of the foreshore between Station Pier and the City
boundary at Pickles-street, a length of 340 feet of new wallis required south of the Town Pier. The only structure
along this section at present is a post and rail fence. Stones, brickbats, &c., deposited along the ,'hore line arc
checking the erosion, but protection is needed to permanently preserve the boundaries of Beach-street, which carries
two concrete roadways separated by a plantation, a tram track, and footpaths.
Scheme Developed by the Boa?·d.
North of Town Pier.-(Coloured red on plan).
Continuation of existing timber-sheet piling on section of concrete wall not protected.
801llh of Town Pier.-(Coloured red on plan).
Continuation of existing concrete walling along road boundary, to join up with timber-sheet piling at ;;hore
end of Town Pier, and provision of stone apron at toe of wall.
Estimated cost of Protective Works-£1,147.
CITY OF ST. KILDA.
(See Plan 3.)
Area
Population
Annual Valuation (1935-36) ..
General Rate
Revenue (1934-35)
A general description of the protective works carried out along the
of the Board'/:; Report.
2,049 acres
42,067
£987,535
2s. in the £
£106,609.
St. Kilda foreshore
IS gIven on page ]7
B('aconsjielcl-pararlf'.-Existing sea walls are endangered as a result of seoul' at the toe. See Fig. 49.
The Board recommends: Construction of stone apron and groyne;;.
Mctrine-parade and Rl1cood Beaches.-A variety of types of protective works in timber, stone, and concrete are
existent along t,hese fronts.
The B oa1'(Z recommends: Construction of groynes along Marine-parade and Point Ormond foreshoJ'es to
encourage beach building.
. Estimate of cost-Red, £1,000.
CITY OF BRIGHTON.
(See Plan 4.)
Foreshore boundary
Area
Population
Annual Valuation (1934-35)
Revenue (1933-34)
General Rate
Cole-street to New-street
3,332 acres
30,390
£510,300
£79,309
2s. 5d. in the

47
DROMANA FORESHORE EROSION.
Fringing the foreshore at Safety Beach, Dromana, the cliffs of black clay range from 2 to 6 feet in height.
Over a distance of It miles, the erosion i,' seriou,', and in places there is only 50 to 60 feet of re.·erve left
between the road and the foreshore.
Scheme Developed by the Boct'/'d.
Construction of timber heeting at the toe of the cliffs to prevent further encroachment by the sea, and the
provision of timber groynes to assist beach building.
Estimate oj Oost-- £
(a) Protective works (red) 7,000
(b) Other works (red) 500.
TOOTGAROOK FORESHORE EROSION.
Erosion of the foreshore is occurring fairly generally in the vicinity of Tootgarook, between Rosebud and Rye.
Protection is urgently required if the foreshore reserve between the Point Nepean-road and the beach is to be
saved.
Scheme Developed by the Boa-rd.
Construction of ti-tree basket walling on back shore, and groyning of area of approximately It miles with
ti-tree groynes, to act as beach building arrents.
Estimated Oost- £
(a) Protective works (red) 2,000.
RYE FORESHORE EROSION.
Section of Foreshore in Vicinity of Rye Piel'.-Erosion is occurring over a distance of about 6,000 feet, and In
places the sea has eroded to within 50 feet of the Point Nepean-road. See Figs. 104-106.
Brushwood groynes that have been erected have proved very effective in building up a sandy beach.
A1'ea in Vicinity of Oanterbu1'Y Jetty.-The ero, ion that is occurring is regarded as serious; if not checked is
likely to bring about the destruction of the Point Nepean-road at this point. In places the sea now reaches to within
:m feet of the road.
Scheme Developed by the Boa1·d.
Section of Foreshore Acljacent to Rye Piel'.-Construction of 400 feet of ti-tree basket walling on back shorr,
south of Rye Pier, and groyning of area with suitable ti-tree groynes to assist in stabilizing the beach.
Section Adjacent to Oantel'bw'y Jetty.-Construction of ti-tree basket walling 011 back shore where mo t serious
erosion is occurring, and construction of ti-tree groynes to act as beach building agents.
Estimated Oost-
(a) Protective works
SORRENTO FORESHORE :EROSION.
(See Plan 13.)
£
(led) 1,200.
NOl'th of Sorrento Pier.-The fore hore between the pier and the baths is protected by concrete walling and
timber sheeting, supplemented with ti-tree groynes. These groynes have assisted sand accretion, but their
effectiveness would be increased by reducing their spacing to 60 to 70 feet apart. See Fig. 108.
North of the baths, for about 1,200 feet, ti-tree groynes have been constructed. Additional groynes are
required to stabilize the beach.
/::3outh of Sorrento Pier.-On the Point Nepean side of the Sorrento Pier there is a mass concrete wall 550 feet
long, built on timber piles, and supplemented with timber groynes. Due mainly to .the lack of a stone apron at the
toe, tmdermining of the wall has occurred.
Below the Sorrento Park the toe of the cliffs is unprotected for a distance of 1,040 feet. Timber sheeting
erected along this section has been completely destroyed. and the sea has eroded the cliffs from 15 to 20 feet bcwk
from the line of the sheet-piling.
The cliffs below the Sorrento Park aver.1ge from 40 to 50 fept in height, with a slapp of 50°. They

52
CORINELLA FORESHORE EROSION.
Erosion is taking place for a length of 300 feet on either side of the jetty.
The picnic ground, which is a popular reserve for many residents in the surrounding farm country, is the only
suitable tract of level ground available at this section of We ternport Bay.
The reserve is about 17 acres in extent, and under the control of a Committee of Management. No other
'ection of the foreshore is under the management of a committee.
Local residents with many years' knowledge of thr locality informed the Board that twenty years ago the
coastline was out much further l:leawards. It is claimed that 12 to 15 feet of foreshore has been lost in the past three
years. There has been no substantial change in the sea bottom.
Scheme Developed by the Boa1·d.
Construction of timber sheeting along the area in the vicinity of Corinella Jetty, for a length of 600 feet.
Estimate of 008t-£350 (red).
SAN REMO FORESHORE EROSION.
(Sec Plan 11).
The roadway east of the pier, for a distance of about 2,000 feet, is flanked by a public reserve with cliffs about
4 feet high. This bank has receded about 6 feet in the past ten years, and is approaching a dangerous proximity to
the roadway.
In the vicinity of thr pier the beach has built in recent years, and a sandy beach now exists as far as Bergin's
Jetty.
Between Bergin's Store and the Post Office erosion has been very serious, 7 feet of reserve having been lost
in the past two year. A notice board marking the submarine cable has had to be shifted back over 15 feet during
the last twenty years, and it is apparent that, with this rate of erosion, the main road will eventually be destroyed.
Scheme Developed by the Board.
Timber-sheeting for a distance of about 1,920 feet on the east side of the pier, and the construction of eight
timber groynes.
Estimate of 008t-£1,700 (red).
Area
Population
Valuation (1934-35)
Revenue ..
Genrral Rate
SHIRE OF WOORAYL.
(See Plan 12.)
466l square miles
6,600
£111,103
£47,900
2s. 9d. in the £.
INVERLOCH FORESHORE EROSION.
Inverloch is the natural watering-place for the surrounding country residents, and is patronized largely by
residents of Wonthaggi. Many thousands of people are present in the town at holiday time. Carnivals are
conducted by the Committee, and an average of £150 per year is spent by the Foreshore Committee on improvements,
both on the beach and the Crown reserves adjacent thereto.
Eastern Side of the Jetty.-Timber groynes erected some years ago on the eastern side of the jetty built up the
beach and prevented the drift of sand along the shore. Considerable sand accretion has t

Area
Population
Valuation (1935-36)
General rate
54
SHIRE OF OTWAY.
ApOLLO B.\y FORESHORE EROSION.
445 square milefl.
3,160.
£40,476.
3s. in the £1.
Area North of Pier.-Sandy cliffs ranging in height front 6 feet to 15 feet. At sewerage outlet about 17
chains north of pier the erosion has been fairly rapid during the past two years. Erosion is occurring over a
length of 40 chains of the shore line fringing the town hip reserve, which has a width at present of no feet at the
pier and 120 feet at the town boundary.
South Side of Pier.-From pier to Point Bunbury, normal slow erosion.
Scheme Developed by the Board.
Construction of stone walling along toe of cliffs and groynes to act as beach building agents.
Estimate of Oost.-£7,200.

55
APPENDIX 5.
SUMMARY OF COST OF FORESHORE PROTECTION ALONG AREAS VISITED BY
FORESHORE EROSIO BOARD.
Sections coloured Red on plan"-Serious erosion requiring urgent attention.
Sections coloured Blue on plans-Erosion taking place to a lesser degree.
-
ItED. I1LUF;.
Protcctivc Othcr Total. Pl'otcetiyc Other
Works. Works. Works. Works. Total.
CITIES. £ £ £ £ £ £
Port Melbourne · . · . · . 1,147 ·. 1,147 · . ·. · .
St. Kilda · . · . · . · . 1,000 · . 1,000 · . · . · .
Brighton · . · . · . · . 15,850 4,700 20,550 ]5,790 2,075 17,865
Sandringham · . · . · . · . 29,500 16,400 45,900 2,460 1,500 3,960
Mordialloc · . · . · . · . 30,600 14,750 45,350 22,100 8,300 30,400
Chelsea · . · . · . · . 10,400 · . 10,4.00 · . · . · .
Williamstown · . · . · . · . 1,700 · . 1,700 · . · . · .
BOROUGHS.
Queenscliff · . · . · . ·. 3,000 3,000 . . · . ·. · .
Port Fairy · . ·. · . ·. 3,000 3,000 . . ·. ·. · .
SHIRES.
Frankston and Ha tings · . · . 11,300 · . 11,300 · . · . · .
Mornington · . · . · . · . 2,100 900 3,000 5,400 1,000 6,400
Flinders-
Dromana · . · . · . · . 7,000 500 7,500 · . · . · .
Tootgarook · . · . · . 2,000 · . 2,000 · . · . · .
Rye · . ·. · . · . ],200 · . 1,200 · . · . · .
Sorrento · . · . · . · . 5,730 700 6,430 · . · . · .
Werribee-
Altona ·. ·. · . · . 9,060 110 9,170 1,040 75 1,115
Werribee ·. · . · . · . 2,874 · . 2,874 ·. · . · .
South Gippsland-
Port Welshpool · . · . · . 2,200 · . 2,200 · . ·. · .
Foster · . · . ·. · . 1,000 · . 1,000 · . · . · .
Toora · . · . · . · . 300 · . ::00 · . · . · .
South Barwon · . · . · . · . 8,500 · . 8,500 6,700 · . 6,700
Alberton · . · . · . · . 500 · . 500 · . · . · .
Bellarine · . · . · . · . 3,200 ·. 3,200 · . · . · .
Bass-
Corinella · . · . · . · . 350 · . 350 · . · . · .
San Remo " · . · . · . 1,700 · . 1,700 · . · . · .
Woorayl · . · . · . · . 4,612 · . 4,612 · . · . · .
Tambo-
Lakes Entrance · . · . · . 9,500 800 10,300 · . · . · .
Metung · . · . · . · . 3,800 · . 3,800 3,280 ·. 3,280
Otway-
Apollo Bay · . · . · . 7,200 · . 7,200 · . · . · .
All illustrations, plans, maps, and graphs referred to in Foreshore Erosion Board's Report and appendices to
Report have been omitted from the printed copy of Report.
1180,323 I 38,860 I 219,183 56,770 I 12,950 I 69,720
By Authority: H. J. GREEN, GovcrnIIllent Printer, Melbourne.
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