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Plants with toxic alkaloids - University of Washington

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Photo<strong>toxic</strong> <strong>Plants</strong><br />

Some ancient people thought that some plants harvest more sun than others.<br />

Today we know that some species produce phototoxins = substances that are<br />

activated by the short-wave blue and UV part <strong>of</strong> the sun’s spectrum. The<br />

plants produce increased phototoxin levels when attacked by fungi or insects.<br />

Giant Upon exposure hoagweed, to ultraviolet the white kernel radiation, turns discoloration violet, then <strong>of</strong> the skin occurs<br />

(inflammation, lightening or darkening) or rashes, and even blistering.<br />

Blister Bush Peucedanum galbanum <strong>with</strong> unpleasant cocktail <strong>of</strong> psoralen,<br />

xanthotoxin, bergapten triggers severe dermmatitis 2-3 days after exposure<br />

Apiaceae like Heracleum (giant hoagweed or cow parsnip), Angelica and<br />

others cause photo<strong>toxic</strong> blistering<br />

Many <strong>toxic</strong> plants like Deadly Nightshade Atropa belladonna etc can also<br />

cause dermatitic inflammations<br />

Marigold plant produces the phototoxin alpha-terthienyl, which<br />

functions as a nematicide. When exposed to near ultraviolet light, such as<br />

in sunlight, alpha-terthienyl generates the <strong>toxic</strong> singlet oxygen.Alphaterthienyl<br />

results in damage to the respiratory, and nervous system <strong>of</strong><br />

larvae, resulting in 100% death rates = natural insecticide.

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