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Plants with toxic alkaloids - University of Washington

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Teratogens<br />

Teratology is the study <strong>of</strong> abnormalities <strong>of</strong><br />

physiological development. Narrowly thought <strong>of</strong> as the<br />

study <strong>of</strong> birth defects, it is much broader than that, taking in<br />

other developmental stages, such as puberty; and other life<br />

forms, such as plants. The term was popularized in the 1960s<br />

by Dr. David W. Smith <strong>of</strong> the <strong>University</strong> <strong>of</strong> <strong>Washington</strong><br />

Medical School, who became known in 1973 for the discovery<br />

<strong>of</strong> Fetal alcohol syndrome.<br />

Drugs and medications: tobacco, caffeine, drinking alcohol (ethanol), isotretinoin (13cis-retinoic<br />

acid, Roaccutane) = a anti ACNE medication, temazepam (Restoril;<br />

Normisson), nitrazepam (Mogadon), nimetazepam (Ermin), aminopterin, coumarin,<br />

diethylstilbestrol, phenytoin<br />

Environmental chemicals: polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), polychlorinated<br />

dibenzodioxins a.k.a dioxin, polychlorinated dibenz<strong>of</strong>urans (PCDFs), ,<br />

organic mercury, ethidium bromide, etc.<br />

Ionizing radiation: atomic fallout, diagnostic x-rays, radiation<br />

Infections: cytomegalovirus, herpes virus, parvovirus B19, rubella virus (German<br />

measles), syphilis, toxoplasmosis, encephalitis virus.<br />

Metabolic imbalance: alcoholism, diabetes, folic acid deficiency, iodine<br />

deficiency,hyperthermia, phenylketonuria, rheumatism

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