Plants with toxic alkaloids - University of Washington

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$Worksheet 1, Math 126 Applications of Linear Approximation ...$

Alkaloid definition * 3000 alk. in 4000 species of fungi and plants (ca. 40 in animals) Fabaecea, Solanaecea, Rubiaceae, Apiaecea, Piperaecea Four features of alkaloids - Contain N - have alkaline reaction (pH>7) - bitter taste - often affect CNS of animals Taxus b. taxol to fight ovarian/breast cancer Ephedra ephedrine to fight bronchial asthma, bronchitis Rauwolfia/reserpin tranquilizer (schizo), red. blood pressure Vinca rosea vinblastine against leucemia (cancer. blood cells) Pilocarpus pilocarpine relieves intraocular pressure (glaucoma)
Papaveracea – Poppy family -Opium Opium lachryma papaveris) is the dried latex from the opium poppy Papaver somniferum containing up to 12% morphine, adjusted for medicine to 10 % (Europe). Morphine is a potent opiate analgesic medication. It was the first alkaloid to be isolated in 1804 by Friedrich Sertürner, a “Apotheker” in Halle (Germany), first distributed by same in 1817, and first commercially sold by Merck in 1827, which at the time was a single small chemists' shop in Darmstadt. Morphine is regarded as the gold standard of analgesics to relieve severe, agonizing pain. Like other opioids, such as oxycodone, hydromorphone, and diacetylmorphine (heroin), it acts directly on the CNS. Morphine has a high potential for addiction; tolerance and psychological dependence develop rapidly,
Page 1 and 2: Venom of snakes and insects is most
Page 3 and 4: What makes plants toxic? alkaloids
Page 5 and 6: Plants that thrill or kill
Page 7 and 8: Lactifers - pipelines for defense a
Page 9 and 10: Plants help snails to defend agains
Page 11 and 12: Papaveracea - Poppy family -Opium O
Page 13 and 14: Ranunculin
Page 15 and 16: Creeping buttercup Ranunculus repen
Page 17 and 18: Doll’s Eyes Actaea pachypodia Act
Page 19 and 20: Cyanogenic glycosides Amygdaline
Page 21 and 22: Plants with Cyanogenic Glycosides
Page 23 and 24: Plants with Cardiac Glycosides
Page 25 and 26: Plants with Cardiac Glycosides Neri
Page 27 and 28: Unusual Poisons The slobber weed: P
Page 29 and 30: Ericaeceae: Rhododendrons, Kalmia l
Page 31 and 32: Biological warfare in the history o
Page 33 and 34: Plants with Saponins: Soap nut Sapi
Page 35 and 36: Plants with toxic Saponins: Solanum
Page 37 and 38: Plants with toxic Saponins: Pokewee
Page 39 and 40: Ilex Holly unknown hemolytic agent
Page 41: Plants that can be used as soap ers
Page 45 and 46: Poison Hemlock Conium maculatum : P
Page 47 and 48: Plants with toxic alkaloids: Solanu
Page 49 and 50: toxic alkaloids larkspur Delphiniu
Page 51 and 52: Unusual Poisons The slobber weed: P
Page 53 and 54: Teratogens Teratology is the study
Page 55 and 56: Rhubarb RheumXcultorum malic acid i
Page 57 and 58: Plants with toxic Oxalates: Skunk c
Page 59 and 60: Rhubarb RheumXcultorum malic acid i
Page 61 and 62: Plants with toxic amino acids and p
Page 63 and 64: Plants with toxic amino acids and p
Page 65 and 66: Delayed Poisons Coyotillo berries:
Page 67 and 68: Stinging Hairs of the Urticas For a
Page 69 and 70: Porcupine Potato Solanum pyracanthu
Page 71 and 72: Rue (Ruta) is a genus of strongly s
Page 73 and 74: Manchineel Hippomane mancinella Man
Page 75 and 76: Terrible or horrible Plants While m
Page 77 and 78: Plants attacking the Immune system
Page 79 and 80: Major sources of true Allergens Sym
Page 81 and 82: Major food Allergenics (FALCPA) Sym
Page 83 and 84: Mechanism and cross-reactions An an
Page 89 and 90: Toxins of Chemical & Biological War
Page 91 and 92: Incendiary Warfare Plant-derived in
Page 93 and 94:
Greek Fire Roasting limestone CaCO3
Page 95:
Greek Fire Kallinikos (513 AD) fled
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Plants with toxic alkaloids - University of Washington

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