Plants with toxic alkaloids - University of Washington
Plants with toxic alkaloids - University of Washington Plants with toxic alkaloids - University of Washington
1. Hormones Thyroid hormone thyroxin over dosage from animal product will cause symptoms of iodine poisoning Insulin overdosing from animal source will cause deathlike stage of low blood sugar 2. Blood contamination of open wound will often cause hemolysis in humans; eel Anguila or tuna blood Roe of Tetraodon or puffer fish is famous suicide poison in Japan, barbus, pike and other species is often toxic
What makes plants toxic? alkaloids (nicotin) , oxalate crystals (Areacea), proteins (ricin Ricinus, abrin (Abrus rosary pea), polypeptides ( phallotoxin of Amanitas); amines and non-proteinogenic AAs (Fabaecea), resins (oily urushiol form poison ivy), minerals (selenium accumulation in Astralagus), alcohols (cicutoxin in Cicuta water hemlock, tremetol in Eupatorium snakeroots), glycosides What does toxic mean to us? Paracelsus: Acting as a toxin or medicine is matter of dosage! Homeopathy: Hahnemann “like cures like”, diluted poisons have a similar vaccine-like effect comparable to weakened germs Paul Ehrlich 1898 (“magic bullet”) started studies on antitoxic immunity got immunity by feeding abrin & ricin to mice, …serum develops antibodies against protein. plant toxins
- Page 1: Venom of snakes and insects is most
- Page 5 and 6: Plants that thrill or kill
- Page 7 and 8: Lactifers - pipelines for defense a
- Page 9 and 10: Plants help snails to defend agains
- Page 11 and 12: Papaveracea - Poppy family -Opium O
- Page 13 and 14: Ranunculin
- Page 15 and 16: Creeping buttercup Ranunculus repen
- Page 17 and 18: Doll’s Eyes Actaea pachypodia Act
- Page 19 and 20: Cyanogenic glycosides Amygdaline
- Page 21 and 22: Plants with Cyanogenic Glycosides
- Page 23 and 24: Plants with Cardiac Glycosides
- Page 25 and 26: Plants with Cardiac Glycosides Neri
- Page 27 and 28: Unusual Poisons The slobber weed: P
- Page 29 and 30: Ericaeceae: Rhododendrons, Kalmia l
- Page 31 and 32: Biological warfare in the history o
- Page 33 and 34: Plants with Saponins: Soap nut Sapi
- Page 35 and 36: Plants with toxic Saponins: Solanum
- Page 37 and 38: Plants with toxic Saponins: Pokewee
- Page 39 and 40: Ilex Holly unknown hemolytic agent
- Page 41 and 42: Plants that can be used as soap ers
- Page 43 and 44: Papaveracea - Poppy family -Opium O
- Page 45 and 46: Poison Hemlock Conium maculatum : P
- Page 47 and 48: Plants with toxic alkaloids: Solanu
- Page 49 and 50: toxic alkaloids larkspur Delphiniu
- Page 51 and 52: Unusual Poisons The slobber weed: P
What makes plants <strong>toxic</strong>?<br />
<strong>alkaloids</strong> (nicotin) , oxalate crystals (Areacea), proteins (ricin<br />
Ricinus, abrin (Abrus rosary pea), polypeptides ( phallotoxin <strong>of</strong><br />
Amanitas); amines and non-proteinogenic AAs (Fabaecea),<br />
resins (oily urushiol form poison ivy), minerals (selenium<br />
accumulation in Astralagus), alcohols (cicutoxin in Cicuta water<br />
hemlock, tremetol in Eupatorium snakeroots), glycosides<br />
What does <strong>toxic</strong> mean to us?<br />
Paracelsus: Acting as a toxin or medicine is matter <strong>of</strong> dosage!<br />
Homeopathy: Hahnemann “like cures like”, diluted poisons have<br />
a similar vaccine-like effect comparable to weakened germs<br />
Paul Ehrlich 1898 (“magic bullet”) started studies on anti<strong>toxic</strong><br />
immunity got immunity by feeding abrin & ricin to mice,<br />
…serum develops antibodies against protein. plant toxins
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