Paper title - Surrey Research Insight Open Access - University of ...
Paper title - Surrey Research Insight Open Access - University of ... Paper title - Surrey Research Insight Open Access - University of ...
the most damaged stringer-to-cross-girder connection (S5-S3, fixed, Class B). Connection C8 would rank in Table 1 11 th for fixed, 7 th for K and 7 th for K/40. Similarly in Table 2, connection (C8, K/40, Class D) would rank 8 th for fixed, 8 th for K and 7 th for K/40. Therefore, it is justifiable to conclude that the stringer-to-cross-girder connections are overall more critical in terms of fatigue damage. This distinction can be made more clearly when assuming fully fixed connections, which although unrealistic, yield the highest damage and hence the most conservative results. Table 1. Class B stringer-to-cross-girder connection damage. Fixed K K/13 Connection Damage Connection Damage Connection Damage S5-S3 2.58E-07 S5-S7 1.41E-07 S2 1.23E-07 S6-S4 2.43E-07 S6-S8 1.28E-07 S5-S7 1.05E-07 S8-S10 2.32E-07 S2 1.19E-07 S6-S8 9.75E-08 S7-S9 2.22E-07 S8-S10 1.04E-07 S9 9.58E-08 S5-S7 2.03E-07 S10 9.70E-08 S10 9.20E-08 S6-S8 1.97E-07 S9 9.09E-08 S8-S10 9.03E-08 S8-S6 9.40E-08 S7-S9 7.91E-08 S7-S9 6.71E-08 S4-S6 8.56E-08 S7-S5 7.21E-08 S1 6.63E-08 S3-S5 8.29E-08 S8-S6 6.77E-08 S7-S5 6.26E-08 S7-S5 8.18E-08 S1 6.56E-08 S8-S6 6.10E-08 S3-S1 4.99E-08 S5-S3 6.12E-08 S5-S3 4.69E-08 S4-S2 4.92E-08 S6-S4 5.89E-08 S6-S4 4.67E-08 S10 1.24E-08 S4-S6 4.30E-08 S4-S6 3.73E-08 S2 1.01E-08 S3-S5 4.27E-08 S3-S5 3.43E-08 S9 6.53E-09 S4-S2 1.72E-08 S4-S2 1.69E-08 S1 4.64E-09 S3-S1 1.28E-08 S3-S1 1.22E-08 Table 2. Class D stringer-to-cross-girder connection damage. Fixed K K/13 Connection Damage Connection Damage Connection Damage S5-S3 1.11E-07 S5-S7 6.57E-08 S2 6.31E-08 S6-S4 1.05E-07 S2 6.14E-08 S5-S7 5.16E-08 S8-S10 1.02E-07 S6-S8 6.08E-08 S6-S8 4.87E-08 S7-S9 9.82E-08 S8-S10 5.30E-08 S9 4.81E-08 S5-S7 9.31E-08 S10 4.93E-08 S10 4.72E-08 S6-S8 9.04E-08 S9 4.60E-08 S8-S10 4.72E-08 S8-S6 4.62E-08 S7-S9 4.31E-08 S1 3.75E-08 S7-S5 4.12E-08 S7-S5 3.96E-08 S7-S9 3.75E-08 S4-S6 3.96E-08 S8-S6 3.76E-08 S7-S5 3.54E-08 S3-S5 3.80E-08 S10 3.72E-08 S8-S6 3.46E-08 S3-S1 2.97E-08 S5-S3 3.46E-08 S6-S4 2.79E-08 S4-S2 2.93E-08 S6-S4 3.37E-08 S5-S3 2.79E-08 S10 8.68E-09 S4-S6 2.60E-08 S4-S6 2.32E-08 S2 7.86E-09 S3-S5 2.57E-08 S3-S5 2.15E-08 S9 4.98E-09 S4-S2 1.19E-08 S4-S2 1.18E-08 S1 4.07E-09 S3-S1 9.44E-09 S3-S1 9.07E-09
4 CONCLUSIONS A finite element analysis of a typical riveted railway bridge was carried out by traversing over the bridge the heaviest BS 5400 (1980) train. Damage in each connection was calculated using a two-slope S-N curve and Miner’s Rule. Comparisons between connections were made under an assumed two-class scheme (modified B and D). As expected, fatigue classification also alters the damage calculation. It was found that connection fixity affects considerably the stress histories and associated damage in the connections. However, overall, the fatigue ranking of the connections is not critically affected by the assumptions regarding fixity. The most critical connections, with only one track loaded, were identified as being the fully fixed stringer-to-cross-girder connections. More detailed investigation of these connections is currently under way. Table 3. Class B cross-girder-to-main girder damage. Fixed K K/40 Connection Damage Connection Damage Connection Damage C4 3.19E-09 C8 6.88E-08 C8 8.01E-08 C2 2.76E-09 C9 5.93E-08 C9 6.66E-08 C3 2.68E-09 C3 5.00E-08 C3 6.62E-08 C1 7.13E-10 C7 4.68E-08 C7 5.62E-08 C7 5.64E-10 C4 4.09E-08 C4 5.41E-08 C9 4.15E-10 C2 3.64E-08 C2 4.70E-08 C8 1.26E-10 C5 2.41E-08 C5 2.50E-08 C6 Compres. C6 1.51E-08 C10 1.93E-08 C5 Compres. C10 1.28E-08 C1 1.61E-08 C10 Compres. C1 1.01E-08 C6 1.26E-08 Table 4. Class D cross-girder-to-main girder damage. Fixed K K/40 Connection Damage Connection Damage Connection Damage C4 2.76E-09 C8 3.65E-08 C8 4.13E-08 C2 2.43E-09 C9 3.22E-08 C9 3.54E-08 C3 2.30E-09 C3 2.79E-08 C3 3.53E-08 C1 8.58E-10 C7 2.68E-08 C7 3.09E-08 C7 6.65E-10 C4 2.36E-08 C4 2.97E-08 C9 5.14E-10 C2 2.16E-08 C2 2.66E-08 C8 1.93E-10 C5 1.60E-08 C5 1.65E-08 C6 Compres. C6 1.10E-08 C10 1.33E-08 C5 Compres. C10 9.43E-09 C1 1.15E-08 C10 Compres. C1 7.84E-09 C6 9.40E-09 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The work described in this paper forms part of an ongoing project supported by EPSRC and Network Rail. The opinions expressed are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of the sponsors. We would like to thank Mr Brian Bell, Network Rail Project Officer, for valuable discussions and feedback on the paper.
- Page 1 and 2: Connection Fixity Effects On Stress
- Page 3 and 4: tor (2.4) or Class D details accord
- Page 5: 3.1 Stringer-To-Cross-Girder Connec
the most damaged stringer-to-cross-girder connection (S5-S3, fixed, Class B). Connection C8<br />
would rank in Table 1 11 th for fixed, 7 th for K and 7 th for K/40. Similarly in Table 2, connection<br />
(C8, K/40, Class D) would rank 8 th for fixed, 8 th for K and 7 th for K/40. Therefore, it is justifiable<br />
to conclude that the stringer-to-cross-girder connections are overall more critical in terms<br />
<strong>of</strong> fatigue damage. This distinction can be made more clearly when assuming fully fixed connections,<br />
which although unrealistic, yield the highest damage and hence the most conservative<br />
results.<br />
Table 1. Class B stringer-to-cross-girder connection damage.<br />
Fixed K K/13<br />
Connection Damage Connection Damage Connection Damage<br />
S5-S3 2.58E-07 S5-S7 1.41E-07 S2 1.23E-07<br />
S6-S4 2.43E-07 S6-S8 1.28E-07 S5-S7 1.05E-07<br />
S8-S10 2.32E-07 S2 1.19E-07 S6-S8 9.75E-08<br />
S7-S9 2.22E-07 S8-S10 1.04E-07 S9 9.58E-08<br />
S5-S7 2.03E-07 S10 9.70E-08 S10 9.20E-08<br />
S6-S8 1.97E-07 S9 9.09E-08 S8-S10 9.03E-08<br />
S8-S6 9.40E-08 S7-S9 7.91E-08 S7-S9 6.71E-08<br />
S4-S6 8.56E-08 S7-S5 7.21E-08 S1 6.63E-08<br />
S3-S5 8.29E-08 S8-S6 6.77E-08 S7-S5 6.26E-08<br />
S7-S5 8.18E-08 S1 6.56E-08 S8-S6 6.10E-08<br />
S3-S1 4.99E-08 S5-S3 6.12E-08 S5-S3 4.69E-08<br />
S4-S2 4.92E-08 S6-S4 5.89E-08 S6-S4 4.67E-08<br />
S10 1.24E-08 S4-S6 4.30E-08 S4-S6 3.73E-08<br />
S2 1.01E-08 S3-S5 4.27E-08 S3-S5 3.43E-08<br />
S9 6.53E-09 S4-S2 1.72E-08 S4-S2 1.69E-08<br />
S1 4.64E-09 S3-S1 1.28E-08 S3-S1 1.22E-08<br />
Table 2. Class D stringer-to-cross-girder connection damage.<br />
Fixed K K/13<br />
Connection Damage Connection Damage Connection Damage<br />
S5-S3 1.11E-07 S5-S7 6.57E-08 S2 6.31E-08<br />
S6-S4 1.05E-07 S2 6.14E-08 S5-S7 5.16E-08<br />
S8-S10 1.02E-07 S6-S8 6.08E-08 S6-S8 4.87E-08<br />
S7-S9 9.82E-08 S8-S10 5.30E-08 S9 4.81E-08<br />
S5-S7 9.31E-08 S10 4.93E-08 S10 4.72E-08<br />
S6-S8 9.04E-08 S9 4.60E-08 S8-S10 4.72E-08<br />
S8-S6 4.62E-08 S7-S9 4.31E-08 S1 3.75E-08<br />
S7-S5 4.12E-08 S7-S5 3.96E-08 S7-S9 3.75E-08<br />
S4-S6 3.96E-08 S8-S6 3.76E-08 S7-S5 3.54E-08<br />
S3-S5 3.80E-08 S10 3.72E-08 S8-S6 3.46E-08<br />
S3-S1 2.97E-08 S5-S3 3.46E-08 S6-S4 2.79E-08<br />
S4-S2 2.93E-08 S6-S4 3.37E-08 S5-S3 2.79E-08<br />
S10 8.68E-09 S4-S6 2.60E-08 S4-S6 2.32E-08<br />
S2 7.86E-09 S3-S5 2.57E-08 S3-S5 2.15E-08<br />
S9 4.98E-09 S4-S2 1.19E-08 S4-S2 1.18E-08<br />
S1 4.07E-09 S3-S1 9.44E-09 S3-S1 9.07E-09
Change language