Health Assessment Document for Diesel Emissions - NSCEP | US ...

Study
Diaz-Sanchez et al.
(1996)
Diaz-Sanchez et al.
(1997)
Reger et al. (1978)
Ames et a!. (1982)
Jorgensen and
Svensson (1970)
Gamble et al. (1978)
Gamble et al.
(1987a)
211/98
Table 5-1. Human studies of exposure to diesel exhaust (continued)
Description
Volunteeers challenged by a
nasal spray of0.30 mg DPM.
Ragweed-sensitive volunteers
challenged by a nasal spray of
0.30 mg DPM alone or in
combination with ragweed
allergen.
Studies of cross-shift changes
Five or more VC maneuvers by
each of 60 coal miners exposed
to diesel exhaust at the
beginning and end of a
workshift.
Pulmonary function of
60 diesel-exposed compared
with 90 non-diesel-exposed
coal miners over workshift.
240 iron ore miners matched
for diesel exposure, smoking,
and age were given bronchitis
questionnaires and spirometry
pre- and postworkshift.
200 salt miners performed
before and after workshift
spirometry. Personal
environmental N0 2 and
inhalable particle samples were
collected.· ·
232 workers in four diesel bus
garages administered acute
respiratory questionnaire and
before and after workshift
spirometry. Compared to
lead/acid battery workers
previously found to be
unaffected by their exposures.
Findings
A broad increase in cytokine expression predicted
to contribute to enhanced local IgE production.
Ragweed allergen plus DPM-stimulated ragweedspecific
IgE to a much greater degree than ragweed
alone, suggesting DPM may be a key feature in
stimulating allergen-induced respiratory allergic
disease.
FEV 1 , FVC, and PEFR were similar between diesel
and non-diesel-exposed miners. Smokers had an
increased number of decrements over shift than
nonsmokers.
Significant workshift decrements occurred in
miners in both groups who smoked; no significant.
differences in ventilatory function changes between
miners exposed to diesel exhaust and those not
exposed.
Among underground (surrogate for diesel
exposure) miners, smokers, and older age groups,
frequency of bronchitis was higher. Pulmonary
function was similar between groups and
subgroups except for differences accountable to
age.
Smokers had 'greater but not significant reductions
in spirometry than ex- or nonsmokers. N0 2 but not
particulate levels significantly decreased FEV 1,
FEF 25 , FEF 50 , and FEF 75 over the workshift.
Prevalence of burning eyes, headache, difficult or
labored breathing, nausea, and wheeze were higher
in diesel bus workers than in comparison
population.
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