Health Assessment Document for Diesel Emissions - NSCEP | US ...

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1 Pritchard (1989), utilizing data from a number of diesel exhaust exposure studies, 2 examined alveolar clearance in rats as a function of cumulative exposure. The resulting analysis 3 noted a significant increase in retention t 112 values at exposures above 10 mg/m 3 ·h/day and also 4 showed that normal lung clearance mechanisms appeared to be compromised as the lung DPM 5 burden approached 0.5 mg/g of lung. 6 Morrow (1988}has proposed that the con
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DRAFT DO NOT CITE OR QUOTE Health A
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CONTENTS (continued) 2.5.1. Volatil
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CONTENTS (continued) 11.2.1. H.fl.Z
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LIST OF TABLES (continued) 2-14. Me
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PREFACE This draft health assessmen
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AUTHORS, REVIEWERS, AND CONTRIBUTOR
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l. INTRODUCTION 1 Diesel engines ar
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1 achieved by using specific solven
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Nitro-PAH• Table 2-10. Concentrat
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1 pollutants depends on the amount
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1 For the simplest alkoxy radicals,
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Page 66 and 67: 1 conditions (Pitts et al., 1985c )
Page 69: Table 2-14. Mean particle, gas, and
Page 72 and 73: 1 sample collection. There was no b
Page 75: 1 of downtown Los Angeles (Arey et
Page 81: 1 exposures. This is a complex ques
Page 85: 1 Dunstan, TDJ; Mauldin, RF; Jinxia
Page 88 and 89: 1 Lipkea, WH; DeJoode, AD; Christen
Page 90: 1 Pitts, JN, Jr; Sweetman, JA; Ziel
Page 95: 1 NOTE TO READERS CHAPTER3 2 Becaus
Page 101: 1 volume basis (Table 4-1 ). This i
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Page 122 and 123: 1 4.4.3. Extraction of Diesel Parti
Page 128: 1 particulate matter is considered
Page 132: 1 Ohkuma, S; Poole, B. ( 1978) Fluo
Page 147 and 148: Study Diaz-Sanchez et al. (1996) Di
Page 150: Study Edling and Axelson (1984) Edl
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1 caused by cellular damage resulti
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1 monkeys there were no specific hi
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1 on the following evidence. The ep
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1 S. typhimurium were inconclusive
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1 diesel exhaust on the immune syst
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1 serum enzymes in the control vers
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1 the differences were the result o
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1 effects occur at lower doses than
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1 definitive conclusions as to the.
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1 5.6.2.6. Other Noncancerous Effec
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1 Garg, BD. (1983) Histologic quant
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1 Lewis, TR; Campbell, KI; Vaughan,
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1 Pepelko, WE. ( 1982b) EPA studies
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1 EPA, 1995a). The BMC approach, ap
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1 was decided to use a default part
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1 be varied (for example, by includ
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Table 6-3. Results of benchmark con
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1 the Ishinishi et al. (1988) study
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1 Mauderly, JL; Jones, RK; Griffith
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1 respectively). Bronchoalveolar ad
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1 adenocarcinomas (1311 00) were si
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1 Lewis et al. ( 1989) also examine
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1 In a follow-up study, strain A mi
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1 In a similar study, 33 four-week-
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1 well as concrete and asphalt work
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1 maximum likelihood method adjusti
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1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
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1 8.4.7. Steineck et al. (1990): In
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N ...... --- \0 ---- 00 00 I VI V
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1 years longer; these workers exhib
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1 from surrogates (next of kin bein
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1 evidence falls just short of bein
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1 Steen land, K. (1986) Lung cancer
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1 and Ouar loci in CHO cells; Curre
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1 Mutagenicity data have been appli
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1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
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10. METABOLISM AND MECHANISM OF ACT
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1 to 107 m 2 ig (organics fully ext
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1 extract of DP\;1 failed to increa
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1 In study by Wolff et al. (1990) d
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1 Lee. KP; Ulrich, CE; Geil, RG; Tr
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1 In the comparative potency method
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1 multiplying by 70, the estimated
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Table 11-4. Incidence of lung tumor
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1 at the doses used, the estimated
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1 though specific particle surface
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1 Garshick, E; Schenker, MB; Munoz,
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1 alveolar regions of the lungs. At
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1 radicals present on the particle
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1 12.3.2.1. Derivation of an Inhala
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1 For convenience EPA has started w
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1 extrapolate risk to low doses. Th
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1 12.3.3.2.4. Assessing risk using
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1 2 3 4 .5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 1
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1 Health Effects Institute. (1995)
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APPENDIX A. EXPERIMENTAL PROTOCOL A
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1 B.l. INTRODUCTION 2 As previously
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Parametera llo a b llz qo ql Yo Y1
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Table B-7. Effect of changing dose-
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1 how increase of diesel-exposure c
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1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Given a 2x(x),
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Appendix C Models for Calculating L
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1 respiratory tract by various depo
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1 The values of (DFh and (DF)A over
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1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 .9 10 direction. Fo
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1 Yu, C.P.; Xu, G.B. (1987) Predict
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