Bwa-yo - Société Audubon Haiti

Pests and Diseases 179
Species: Spathodea campanulata Beauv.
Creole Name: motel etranje
Family: Bignoniaceae
Insect Pests: Insect species of the orders Homoptera, Lepidoptera, Hymenoptera, and
Thysanoptera, feed on various parts of the tree in Puerto Rico. A bark beetle, two lepitdopterans
and two termite species attack the tree in Uganda. Wet-wood termites
(Nasutitermes costalis Holmgren) consume dead trees and limbs in Puerto Rico.
Diseases: Butt and heart rot attack trees in Hawaii.
Reference: Francis, 1990g.
Species: Spondias mombin 1.
Creole Names: monben, monben fran
Family: Anacardiaceae
Insect Pests: A leaf-cutting ant (Atta cephalotes 1.) attacks the tree in Costa Rica. Fruoit
flies (Anastrepha mombinpraeoptans Seln, Drosiphila ampelophila Leow, and D. repleta
Wollaston) infect fruits in Puerto Rico.
Reference: Francis, 1992c.
Species: Swietenia macrophylla G. King
Creole Names: kajou etranje, kajou venezwela
Family: Meliaceae
Insect Pests: The stem borer (Apate monachus) attacks both living and dead wood,
retards growth, deforms trunks, and makes them susceptible to breakage in high winds.
The mahogany shoot borer (Hypsipyla grandella Zeller) bores into buds, shoots and
stems. The snout beetle (Pachnaeus litus) attacks fruit and defoliates in the Caribbean.
Wet-wood termites (Nasutitermes costalis Holmgren) consume dead branches and
occasionally the trunks of the tree in Puerto Rico. Marine borers (Toredo spp.) attack
the heartwood and powderpost beetles (Lyctus caribeanus Lesne) attack the sapwood.
The leaf hoppers (Draculocephala cubana and Hortensia similis) damage and deform
leaves of trees in the Caribbean.
Diseases: Damping off(Fusarium and Macrophoma) is a common problem ofnurseries
in Haiti. Less common nursery diseases include: leaf spot (Alternaria); anthracnose
(Colletotrichum); leaf blister (Taphrina); and stem blight (Colletotrichum, Fusarium,
and Macrophoma).
References: CATIE, 1992; Runion et aI., 1990; Tourigny, 1987.
Species: Swietenia mahagoni (1.) Jacq.
Creole Names: kajou, kajou peyi
Family: Meliaceae
Insect Pests: The mahogany webworm (Macalla thyrsisalis Walker) causes defoliation
and webbing throughout the Greater Antilles. The mahogany shoot borer (Hypsipyla
grandella Zeller) bores into buds, shoots, and stems in the Caribbean and H. robusta
Moore attacks trees in Asia. The coffee tree borer (Apate monachus F.) attacks both live
and dead trees, penetrating deeply into branches, deforming trunks, and causing them
to be susceptible to breakage in high winds. An unidentified shoot borer and caterpillar
is reported to attack the tree in Haiti. The snout beetle (Pachnaeus litus) attacks the
seed capsules and defoliates. Wet-wood termite (Nasutitermes costalis Holmgren) con-