Bwa-yo - Société Audubon Haiti

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176 Pesfs and Diseases genic fungi that occur worldwide in plantations include Armillaria mellea (Vahl) Kummer, Phytophthora cinnamomi Rands., Fomes annosus (Fr.) Cooke, and Gylindrocladium spp. References: CATIE, 1992; Francis, 1992b. • Species: Pinus occidentalis Sw. Creole Name: bwa pen Family: Pinaceae Insect Pests: Bark beetles (Ips interstitialis, I. calligraphus and Dendroctonus frontalis) attack wood or xylem surface by constructing galleries and leaving pellet-size round exit holes. Dirphia plana defoliates trees. The larvae of the Nantucket pine tip moth (Rhyacionia frustrana) bore into the base of needles and feed on bud tissue. The cottony cushion scale (Icerya purchasi) attacks seedlings in Haiti. The gall midge (Retinodiplosis forsii) forms galls in the base of pine needles in which are found brightly-colored larvae. An unidentified defoliator (Lepidoptera: Citheroniinae) causes serious damage to the tree in Haiti. Many insect pests of P. caribaea are potential pests of P. occidentalis, though few studies have been conducted. Other Pests: Parasitic mistletoe (Arceuthobium bicarinatum, Dendropemon pycnophyllis, and Dendrophtoras spp.) is considered a serious pest on Hispaniola, severely restricting growth potentials. Diseases: A foliar blight and damping off diseases ofuncertain causes have been reported in seedling nurseries in Haiti. References: CATIE, 1992; Darrow and Zanoni, 1991; Josiah and Allen-Reid, 1991; Runion et aI., 1990. Species: Pithecellobium dulce (Roxb.) Benth. Family: Fabaceae (=Leguminosae) Insect Pests: Larvae of Subpandesma anysa Gn. attack the fruit and seeds in Hawaii. A hemipteran insect (Umbonia crassicornis Amyot & Serville) is a pest in Puerto Rico. Larvae of Indarbela sp. bore into the bark of trees in India. Polydesma umbricola is a serious pest on the island of Reunion in the Indian Ocean. Diseases: Leaf spot pathogens include Cercospora mimosae Agarwal & Sharma, Colletotrichum dematium Pers. ex Fr., C. pithecellobii Roldan, Phyllosticta ingae-dulcis Died., and P. pithecellobii Shreemali in India. Heart rot (Phellinus sp.) has been reported in India. Reference: Parrotta, 1991. Species: Prosopis juliflora (Sw.) DC. Creole Names: bayawonn, gwatapana Family: Fabaceae (=Leguminosae) Insect Pests: The bruchid beetle (Algarobius prosopis) invades the seed pods. Psyllids have been reported to defoliate the tree. Wood is subject to attack by marine borers (Toredo spp.). The sapwood is highly susceptible to powder post beetles (Lyctus spp.). Reference: NFTA, 1987.
Pests and Diseases 177 Species: Psidium guajava L. Creole Name: gwayav Family: Myrtaceae Insect Pests: Aphids (Aphis spp.)feed on young growth, causing the curling of leaves. Fruit fly maggots (Anastrepha striata and Dacus spp.) attack the fruit. The green scale (Coccus viridis) occurs on branches. Diseases: Fruit rot (Glomerella cingulata) shrivels green fruit and rots ripe fruit. Mushroom root rot (Clitocybe tabescens) rots the roots and eventually kills the tree. Reference: Mortensen and Bullard, 1970. Species: Rhizophora mangle L. Creole Name: mang wouj Family: Rhizophoraceae Insect Pests: Wood borers (Poecilips rhizophorae Hopkins and Sphaeroma terebrans Bate) invade prop roots of trees along tidal channels and occasionally cause extensive damage in .Florida. Other Pests: Crabs and monkeys eat freshly planted seedlings in Panama and Malaysia. Diseases: A fungal pathogen (Cylindrocarpum didymum (Hartig) Wollenw.) produces a gall disease that results in malformation of the trunk and prop roots in Florida. Heavily infested trees are killed by the disease or secondary agents. Reference: Jimenez, 1985b. Species: Sabal causiarum (0. F. Cook) Becc. Creole Names: latanye fran, latanye jon Family: Arecaceae (=Palmae) Insect Pests: Larvae of the palm bruchid beetles (Caryobruchus sp., C. gleditsiae Johansson & Linne) feed in the seed and exit as adults that feed on the flowers, nectar, and pollen. Reference: Johnson et aI., 1995. Species: Sabal domingensis Becc. Creole Names: latanye chapo, pay Family: Arecaceae (=Palmae) Insect Pests: Larvae of the palm bruchid beetles (Caryobruchus sp., C. gleditsiae Johansson & Linne) feed in the seed and exit as adults that feed on the flowers, nectar, and pollen. Reference: Johnson et aI., 1995. Species: Schefflera morototoni (AubI.) Maguire Steyerm. & Frodin Creole Name: bwa kano Family: Araliaceae Insect Pests: Several lepidopteran and coleopteran insects consume foliage or woody material in Puerto Rico. Other Pests: Stranglers (e.g., Clusia griesebachiana) and climbers (e.g., Ipomea spp.) are common on wet montane sites in Puerto Rico. Reference: Leigel, 1990.
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BWAYO: IMPORTANT TREES OF HAITI
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BWA YO: IMPORTANT TREES OF HAITI Jo
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Foreword Acknowledgments Introducti
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Acknowledgments No book is ever the
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PART I IMPORTANT TREES OF HAITI
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1 Bayawonn· Species: Prosopis juli
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Bayawonn S with calorific values ra
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Bavawonn 7 Table 1.2 Equations used
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Bayawonn 11 Figure 1.9 The graceful
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2 Bwa PIe Species: Colubrina arbore
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Figure 2.4 The fast-growing, tall,
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ity in the type of cash crops that
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Bwa Pie 19 Biomass Studies: Ehrlich
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Figure 3.1 C. alliodora selected as
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Figure 3.3 C. alliodora grows tall
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Figure 4.1 A mature C. longissima,
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30 Chenn Figure 4.2 Stands of C. lo
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32 Chenn The poles commonly are har
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34 Chenn limited number of seedling
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Figure 4.10 ... and 4 years later,
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5 Fwenn Species: Simarouba glauca D
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Figure 5.3 S. berteroana, showing t
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Fwenn 43 Figure 5.5 Natural regener
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Figure 6.1 A mature S. mahagoni she
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Figure 6.4 S. mahagoni is deciduous
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52 Kajou PeyieeeKajou Efranje direc
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Figure 7.1 R. borinquena is an impo
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S8 Palmis Figure 7.2 R. borinquena
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60 Palmis markets as a cheaper subs
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Figure 8.1 C. odorata planted in a
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64 Sid The species is not demanding
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66 Sed temperature of4° C for up t
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o NO LEAYES G.J LEAF BUDS 0 YOUNG L
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9 Tavello Species: Lysiloma sabicu
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Figure 9.3 L. sabicu is traditional
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76 Tal/eno Figure 9.7 Three-year-ol
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80 Kokoye Figure 10.2 The most comm
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Figure 10.7 A healthy snack of coco
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Kokoye 85 probably is exacerbated b
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11 Mango Species: Mangifera indica
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Figure 11.2 Mango thrives in Haiti
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Figure 11.9 The commercial 'Corne'
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12 Sitwon...Zoranj...Chadek Species
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Sitwon...Zoranj ...Chadek 97 La Cha
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Sitwon ...Zoranj ... Chadek 101 Fig
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Sitwon...Zoranj ...Chadik 103 Table
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13 Zaboka Species: Persea americana
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REGION Savanette Pignon Comillon Sa
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Zaboka 109 after germination. Seedl
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14 Kasya Species: Senna siamea (Lam
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114 Kasva Table 14.1 Proximate anal
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Figure 14.8 A four-year-old provena
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15 Lisina...Delen Subspecies: Leuca
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122 Lisina ... Delen Figure 15.4 Th
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Page 138 and 139: 128 Lisina ••• Delen 28 MONTH
Page 140 and 141: 130 Lisina... Delen Figure 15.11 L.
Page 142 and 143: Figure 16.1 This 26-year-old specim
Page 144 and 145: 134 Him ODH, and Agridyne, Inc. In
Page 146 and 147: 136 Nim Figure 16.4 A. indica is pl
Page 148 and 149: 138 Nim Table 16.1 Proximate analys
Page 152 and 153: 142 Nim Figure 16.8 Widely-spaced d
Page 154 and 155: Figure 17.1 G. sepium is a popular
Page 156: 146 Piyon Distribution and Ecology:
Page 159: Piyon 149 Table 17.2 Equations used
Page 163: 18 Pests and Diseases Damaging agen
Page 167 and 168: Pests and Diseases 159 Species: Avi
Page 169 and 170: Pests and Diseases 161 Species: Car
Page 171 and 172: Pests and Diseases 163 Species: Cei
Page 173 and 174: Pests and Diseases 165 including Ar
Page 175 and 176: Pests and Diseases 167 feeds on dea
Page 177 and 178: Pests and Diseases 169 Species: Gli
Page 179: Pests and Diseases 171 Species: Lag
Page 182 and 183: 174 Pests and Diseases Species: Mel
Page 186 and 187: 178 Pests and Diseases Species: Sen
Page 188 and 189: 180 Pests and Diseases sume dead br
Page 191: 19 Wood Properties and Energy Value
Page 197 and 198: Wood Properties 189 SPECIES WOOD CH
Page 199 and 200: Wood Propert'ies 191 SPECIES WOOD C
Page 204: 196 Wood Properties SPECIES WOOD CH
Page 210 and 211: 202 Wood Properfies SPECIES WOOD CH
Page 215: 20 Medicinal Uses Trees have provid
Page 218 and 219: 210 Medicinal Uses SPECIES MEDICINA
Page 220 and 221: 212 Medicinal Uses SPECIES MEDICINA
Page 222: 214 Medicinal Uses SPECIES MEDICINA
Page 227 and 228: SPECIES MEDICINAL USES Piper aduncu
Page 229: SPECIES MEDICINAL USES Medicinal Us
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236 Tree Names APOCYNACEAE SPECIES
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SPECIES Calyptronoma rivalis (Cook)
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242 Tree Names SPECIES Bua orellana
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244 Tree Names SPECIES Bursera glau
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SPECIES SYNONYMS COMBRETACEAE Termi
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254 Tree Names SPECIES Jatropha cur
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258 Tree Names SPECIES Calliandra c
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SPECIFS Machaerium lunatum (L.) Duc
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266 Tree Names SPECIES SYNONYMS FLA
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268 Tree Names SPECIES Ocotea membr
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272 Tree Names SPECIES Mecranium re
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274 Tree Names MENISPERMAC,EAE SPEC
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MYRTACEAE SPECIES SYNONYMS COMMON N
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280 Tree Names SPECIES Eugenia unif
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282 Tree Names SPECIES Psidium guaj
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SPECIES Stegnosperma cubense A. Ric
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SPECIES Coccoloba samanensis Schm.
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292 Tree Names SPECIES Citrus limon
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300 Tree Names SPECIES Cleyera vacc
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302 Tree Names SPECIES Avicennia ge
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CREOLE NAME bwa kaka bwakalson bwa}
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310 .Creole Names CREOLE NAME bwa s
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312 Creole Names •• D •• CO
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314 Creole Names COMMON NAME SPECIE
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COMMON NAME kachiman zombi kafe kaf
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COMMON NAME kaymit fran kaymit jade
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322 Creole Names •• JL •• C
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324 Creole Names COMMON NAME mang m
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326 Creole Names •• N •• CO
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COMMON NAME rezen bouzen rezen le r
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Creole Names 333 COMMON NAME· SPEC
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344 References Little, E. L., R O.
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348 References Theobald, W. 1989. C
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350 References Young, H. E. 1976. A
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352 Index acajou etranger, 47, 273
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JS4 Index amor seco, 265 amor y cel
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astard breadnut, 275 bastard cabbag
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uis de sable, 253 bulbstern yucca,
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camaron, 249 camasey, 271, 272 cama
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368 Index Cedrela occidentalis, 63,
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372 Index coma, 293, 296 coma blanc
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374 Index Cupressus glauca, 249 Cup
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Eugenia albimarginata, 278 Eugenia
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gomme baume, 285 gommier, 244, 256
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guayabilla, 265 guayabillo, 280 gua
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.390 Index LeptogolJum domingense,
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396 Index miraguano, 239,240 mirto,
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398 Index Neobuchia paulinae, 242,
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400 Index palo bobo, 243, 248 palo
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piman dlo, 327 piment d'eau, 273 P(
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406 Index Protium glaucescens, 244
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408 Index Rhamnus ellipticus, 287 .
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414 Index Thouinidium inaequilateru
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Bwa Yo: Important Trees of Haiti De
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