Complete volume with articles 1 to 35 - Cucurbit Breeding - North ...

More documents

Recommendations

Info

The protoplasts of C. sativus and C. zeyheri were more damaged and plasmolysed after isolation in comparison with C. anguria, C. metuliferus and C. melo. The viability of protoplasts decreased on 50 % during 24 hrs of culture. Changes in the form and fragmentation of all studied genotypes were recorded in the culture period 24-48 hrs. The first division in culture was observed from seven to ten days after isolation and viable protoplasts after two weeks. Then the division was stopped and there were no obtained microcalli, calli and plantlets. Protoplast culture of C. anguria was without the division, although the highest viability and good density of protoplast. In general, the best genotype (from the studied set) for protoplast isolation was C. metuliferus because of its easy mipropropagation, high density and viability of protoplasts after isolation. C. melo, C. zeyheri and C. anguria can be used too, but the optimalisation of culture conditions is necessary. Finally, for successfull regeneration of plants from protoplasts there is the most important to find the best genotype. Literature Cited 1. Dabauza, M., L. González-Candelas, M. Bordas, L.A. Roig, D. Ramón and V. Moreno. 1998. Regeneration and characterisation of Cucumis melo L. (+) Cucumis anguria L. var. longipes (Hook. fil.) Meeuse somatic hybrids. Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture 52, 123-131. 2. Debeaujon, I., Branchard, M. 1992. Induction of somatic embryogenesis and caulogenesis from cotyledons and leaf protoplast-derived colonies of melon (Cucumis melo L.). Plant Cell Reports 12, 37-40. 3. Fellner, M., Lebeda, A. 1998. Callus induction and protoplast isolation from tissues of Cucumis sativus L. and C. melo L. seedlings. Biologia Plantarum 41, 11-24. 4. Lebeda, A., K$ístková, E., Kubaláková, M. 1996. Interspecific hybridization of Cucumis sativus x Cucumis melo as a potential way to transfer resistance to Pseudoperonospora cubensis. In: Gómez-Guillamón, M.L., Soria, C., Cuartero, J., Torés, J.A., Fernández- Munoz, R. (eds): Cucurbits Towards 2000. Proceedings of the VI th Eucarpia Meeting on Cucurbit Genetics and Breeding, May 28-30, 1996, Málaga (Spain), 31-37. 5. Moreno, V., Zubeldia, L., Roig, L.A. 1984. A method for obtaining callus cultures from mesophyll protoplasts of melon (Cucumis melo L.). Plant Science Letters 34, 195-201. 6. Navrátilová, B., Nisini, P.T., Crino, P., Lucretti, S. 1998. Somatic hybridization between Cucurbitaceae species: Cucumis melo, Cucumis metuliferus and Benincasa hispida. 8 th Days of Plant Physiology, 7- 10.7.1998, Olomouc (Czech Republic), Book of Abstracts, 161-162. 7. Navrátilová, B., Rokytová, L., Lebeda, A. 2000. Isolation of mesophyll protoplasts of Cucumis spp. and Cucurbita spp. Acta Horticulturae 510, 425-431. 8. Punja, Z.K., Tang, F.A., Sarmento, G.C. 1990. Isolation, culture and plantlet regeneration from cotyledon and mesophyll protoplasts of two pickling cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) genotypes. Plant Cell Reports 9, 61-64. Cucurbit Genetics Cooperative Report 24:17-19 (2001) 19
Gynogenesis in a Dihaploid Line of Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) Vesselina Nikolova and Maria Alexandrova Institute of Horticulture and Canned Fruits, Plovdiv, Bulgaria Introduction. Until now, haploid cucumber plants (n = x = 7) have only been obtained by pollinating with irradiated pollen (e.g., gamma rays from Co 60 ), followed by haploid embryo culture (Truong-Andre, 1988; Niemirowicz-Szczytt and Duma de Vaulx, 1989; Sauton, 1989; Przyborowski and Niemirowicz- Szczytt, 1994). Attempts to obtain cucumber haploids by different methods, including anther culture, have not been successful. Haploid plants cannot be used directly in heterosis breeding programs because of their complete sterility. Doubling the haploid chromosome number offers the possibility of creating fertile dihaploid (DH) genotypes and stabilizing homozygous DH lines (Nikolova and Niemirowicz-Szczytt, 1995; Çaglar and Abak, 1996). The objective of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of some DH lines in a cucumber genetics and breeding program, and to establish characteristics of their development and plant and fruit morphology. Material and Methods. For this study, the dihaploid (DH) line No. 50 (gynoecious type, pickling cucumber tolerant to powdery mildew, downy mildew and CMV) and the diploid line K2 (monoecious type, pickling cucumber tolerant to CMV) were used. For creation of F1 plants, DH line No. 50 plants were pollinated with K2 pollen during 1999. The resulting seeds were germinated in perlite in a greenhouse, and seedlings at the two-leaf stage were transferred to 15 cm pots. The F1 plants were cultivated under greenhouse conditions during April- August 2000. Their development, plant sex and shape, leaf dentation, flower petal shape, fruit morphology, and marketable and total fruit yield were evaluated. Results and Discussion. During 2000, a variety trial was conducted which included the F1 generation (line No. 50 x line K2) and the hybrid pickling cucumber cultivar Tony. The F1 hybrid plants were vigorous and gynoecious. Various expressions of dominant genes determining female sex expression were observed. Along with female flowering, some young Cucurbit Genetics Cooperative Report 24: 20-21 (2001) plants formed single male flowers in the lower stem, although the middle and higher nodes as well as the branches contained only female flowers (“predominantly female”). The fruits in the F1 generation (pickling cucumber type) were uniform with dark green skin color, marble-like, and had light small dots, thick set warts and white spines. After 30 picking dates, the F1 plants had produced 77,760 kg/ha for marketable yield and 110,910 kg/ha for total yield. Compared to the yield of the ‘Tony’ control plants, this represented increases of 3.1% and 9.1%, respectively. In the F1 generation, five haploid plants (n = x = 7) were observed, apparently arising by gynogenesis during pollination of DH plants with line K2 pollen. These five haploid plants, when grown from seeds, were observed to be gynoecious. They developed well under greenhouse conditions, with stems reaching approximately two meters. The leaves were smaller than those of diploid plants, and the leaf blades looked almost whole with a slightly serrated periphery. The flowers were smaller in size with specific strongly cut petals (Fig. 1). Parthenocarpic fruits were formed; one of these fruits contained two very small seeds, which may have been due to mitotic division of haploid ovule cells. The behavior of recessive genes determining main stem fasciation and the presence of lateral nonchlorophyllous branches were observed in one of the haploid plants. The stem, leaves, and fruits of this branch were light yellow. The parthenogenesis in DH plants of line No. 50, development of haploid embryos to mature seeds in DH plants, and growth and development of plants with a haploid genome in vivo, give new knowledge about: (1) the possibility of using gynogenesis as a means of deriving and propagating of plants with a dihaploid genome; (2) interactions between female diploid or dihaploid genomes with haploid embryos; (3) vitality of cucumber haploid plants in vivo; and (4) the behavior of recessive genes determining new morphological traits. 20
Page 1 and 2: Cucurbit Genetics Cooperative Coope
Page 3 and 4: The Cucurbit Genetics Cooperative (
Page 5 and 6: this would be a welcome benefit to
Page 7 and 8: Georgia, Statesboro, GA, “Evaluat
Page 9 and 10: http://www.ashs.org/ashspress/ wate
Page 11 and 12: Cucurbit Genetics Cooperative Finan
Page 13 and 14: Table 1. The composition of culture
Page 15 and 16: Prezygotic barriers have previously
Page 17 and 18: Cucumber Inbred Line USDA 6632E Jac
Page 19 and 20: Multiple Shoot Induction from the S
Page 21 and 22: Table 3. Effects of combinations of
Page 23 and 24: concentration of NAA (0.1 mg/l) wit
Page 25 and 26: eplicate. Shoot differentiation and
Page 27 and 28: Table 2. Shoot induction efficiency
Page 29: Figure 1. The viability of Cucumis
Page 33 and 34: Resistant Blister Reaction to Powde
Page 35 and 36: Table 1. Analysis of variance for p
Page 37 and 38: Fusarium Wilt Resistance in Eight I
Page 39 and 40: aised PM seedlings and plants, alth
Page 41 and 42: Table 1. F2 single factor segregati
Page 43 and 44: of the loci (e.g., M7675, U13831, A
Page 45 and 46: Table 1. Percentage of RAPD band pr
Page 47 and 48: Inodorus Primer Casaba Honeydew Cha
Page 49 and 50: Frequency of RAPD Polymorphisms in
Page 51 and 52: BC551 76.6 92.9 38.5 20.5 38.9 42.2
Page 53 and 54: Powdery Mildew: An Emerging Disease
Page 55 and 56: Table 1 (continued).z Cultivar Coun
Page 57 and 58: Disease Severeity Rating Figure 1.
Page 59 and 60: In the present study C. lanatus ent
Page 61 and 62: Lakes, NJ) was a 0.5 cc (50 unit) s
Page 63 and 64: Characterization of a New Male Ster
Page 65 and 66: Table 1. Progeny test of male steri
Page 67 and 68: Progeny Diploid Year Season generat
Page 69 and 70: elatively small during its developm
Page 71 and 72: content had no significant effect o
Page 73 and 74: Stars-N-Stripes 26.3 12.0 35 8.5 5.
Page 75 and 76: 11. Mozumder, B.K.G, N.E. Caroselli
Page 77 and 78: Table 1. Vine length of watermelon
Page 79 and 80: Survey of Watermelon Trialing Metho
Page 81 and 82:
assigned to adjacent plots (Table 2
Page 83 and 84:
Variation among tropical pumpkin cu
Page 85 and 86:
Table 1. Aggressiveness of powdery
Page 87 and 88:
A large variability of aggressivene
Page 89 and 90:
Table 1: Observed reaction of melon
Page 91 and 92:
Same Gene for Bush Growth Habit in
Page 93 and 94:
Relationship between Fruit Shape an
Page 95 and 96:
Table 3. Seed yield per fruit and s
Page 97 and 98:
The four cultivar-groups differed m
Page 99 and 100:
Lee et al. (17) developed a RAPD ma
Page 101 and 102:
19. Lelley, T and S. Henglmüller,
Page 103 and 104:
Those primers that had strong bands
Page 105 and 106:
Genetic Variability in Pumpkin (Cuc
Page 107 and 108:
those obtained by the ANOVA and the
Page 109 and 110:
Agarose discs were prepared as desc
Page 111 and 112:
Table 4. Effect of different densit
Page 113 and 114:
Isolation and Callus Production fro
Page 115 and 116:
Table 1. Components used for cultur
Page 117 and 118:
6. Jia, Shi-rong, You-ying Fu and Y
Page 119 and 120:
the preceding one or two days (depe
Page 121 and 122:
Gene List 2001 for Cucumber Jiahua
Page 123 and 124:
Ar - Anthracnose resistance. One of
Page 125 and 126:
de I determinate habit. Short vine
Page 127 and 128:
gi - ginkgo. Leaves reduced and dis
Page 129 and 130:
Mdh-4 Mdh- 3 Malate dehydrogenase-4
Page 131 and 132:
h from 'Gy 2 cp cp', 'Spartan Salad
Page 133 and 134:
wf - White flesh. Intense white fle
Page 135 and 136:
M16056 Cotyledon cDNA Encoding ribu
Page 137 and 138:
(for CsPK2.2) AB001590 Hypocotyl RN
Page 139 and 140:
Caruth, T. F. 1975. A genetic study
Page 141 and 142:
John, C. A. and J. D. Wilson. 1952.
Page 143 and 144:
Ohkawa, J., A. Shinmyo, M. Kanchana
Page 145 and 146:
Shimizu, S., K. Kanazawa, and A. Ka
Page 147 and 148:
Youngner, V. B. 1952. A study of th
Page 149 and 150:
Cucurbit Genetics Cooperative 2001-
Page 151 and 152:
Denlinger, Phil Mt. Olive Pickle Co
Page 153 and 154:
Keita, Sugiyama Kurume Branch, Natl
Page 155 and 156:
germplasm evaluation and conservati
Page 157 and 158:
Sarfatti, Matti Hazera Ltd., Resear
Page 159 and 160:
Alabama Fenny Dane Arkansas Ted Mor
Page 161 and 162:
Covenant and By-Laws of the Cucurbi
Page 163:
ARTICLE IX. General Prohibitions No
show all

Complete volume with articles 1 to 35 - Cucurbit Breeding - North ...

You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles

Delete template?

Save as template?