Programm Photovoltaik Ausgabe 2009 ... - Bundesamt für Energie BFE

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� PECVD/Sputtering Co-deposition of the polymeric matrix: Nanoclustering of different materials
(Au, Ag, SiO, SnO…) or nanocomponent in polymer matrix (SiOxCyNz, CFx, CHx...) will be investigated.
The composite coating can be gradient layered by changing composition of the films and
density of cluster during deposition. An alternative promising solution is a multiple nanoclustered
layer that could be used to be even more efficient than gradient.
� Wet (Sonochemistry): Ultrasound radiation is suggested for the incorporation of nanoparticles
within polymeric or sol gel matrices. This will be a one-step process in which the polymer will be
dispersed in a solution containing the precursor for the nanomaterial. The sonochemical process
will create the nanoparticles and will deposit them on the polymer surface in case for PC or PMMA
submicron or micron size spheres.
Nano-texturing Surface patterning allows designing a topography tailored to the specific application,
resulting in outstanding properties:
� PECVD electrical and feed (deposition and etching steps) modulation plasma discharge will be
investigated: as a current technique, the deposition and etching steps will be optimized to overcome
the low throughput. A second solution, the pulsed plasma solution will offer more chance of
high precision structuration and the main advantage of this last technique is to get better results
than dip/etch with more risk but in only one step, so the cost will decrease drastically.
� Wet: Special emphasis will be on structuring mechanisms relying on self-organisation, i.e. nonserial
approaches allowing large-scale structures with long-range order. Deposited polymers blend
solution to demix and form micro- to nanostructured thin films with different morphologies. Combination
of sol-gel coating and surface nanostructuration technologies will be also investigated.
Idea is to combine the self-assembly properties of polymers/copolymers with the excellent adhesion
of sol gel to substrate for preparing highly ordered and nanostructured sol gel coating.
From the higher added value products point of view, NAPOLYDE consortium will validate the technologies
developed leading to the following breakthrough applications:
Micro components production (size order 1mm²): To obtain and demonstrate product prototypes issued
from NAPOLYDE new processes.
� Energy microsource prototype to assess autonomy duration multiplied by factor 5 or reduce
the total consumption energy of each mobile component. Thanks to the polymer development
done in NAPOLDYE the µbatteries will be implemented in the industry with very high level performance
and low cost
� Miniaturized fuel cell: ion conductive plasma polymerized membrane will be incorporated in a
thin film membrane electrode assembly (MEA). This thin film MEA in combination with nanoclustered
catalyst particles increases the efficiency of MEAs by increasing the so called three phase
contact area and simultaneously decreasing the necessary amount of expensive catalyst materials,
e.g. platinum, by one order of magnitude. Furthermore, these processing technologies enable
the miniaturization of fuel cells with flexible designs, allowing them to be integrated in portable
electronic devices, which can’t be achieved by conventional production techniques
� Dye sensitized hybrid photovoltaic device with improved barrier functionalities, energy storage.
� Microfluidic devices: Contaminant repellant surfaces will be applied to a microfluidic system to
reduce unwanted absorption of sample material on the relative large surfaces of the microchannels.
The system can be used for critical fluid handling in relation to micro-reaction chambers
in sensors. The surfaces and the complete microfluidic systems can increase the sensivity of microsensors.
� Gas sensor: thanks to doping of the main polymer chain by particular gases from the environment
that cause redox reactions and therefore conductivity changes and thanks to variable range hopping,
inorganic and organic environmental pollutants (poisons, explosives) as well as pollutants of
waters will be detected. Innovative characteristics will be low cost, longer life time, higher sensitivity,
sensor arrays with distributed intelligence
Macro components production (size order >>1m²): To obtain and demonstrate product prototypes
issued from NAPOLYDE new processes:
� Smart steel sheets with new surface functionalities: Scratch resistance, corrosion and oxidation
protection, self-cleaning effect, super-hydrophobic surfaces and decorative aspects.
NAPOLYDE, T. Meyer, Solaronix
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