Programm Photovoltaik Ausgabe 2009 ... - Bundesamt für Energie BFE

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NAPOLYDE Département fédéral de l’environnement, des transports, de l’énergie et de la communication DETEC Office fédéral de l’énergie OFEN NANO-STRUCTURED POLYMER DEPOSITION PROCESSES FOR MASS PRODUCTION OF IN- NOVATIVE SYSTEMS FOR ENERGY PRODUC- TION & CONTROL AND FOR SMART DEVICES Annual Report 2008 Author and Co-Authors Dr. Toby Meyer & Andreas Meyer Institution / Company Solaronix SA Address Ouriette 129 CH-1170 Aubonne Telephone, E-mail, Homepage +41 (0) 21 821 22 80, toby@solaronix.com, www.solaronix.com Project- / Contract Number NMP2-CT-2005-515846 / SER N° 03.0111-2 Duration of the Project (from – to) 01.11.2003 – 31.10.2008 Date 05.02.2008 ABSTRACT NAPOLYDE consortium will develop new technologies for polymer or polymer-like films deposition at nano-scale precision supporting mass production and environmental friendly requirements. The work focuses on: 2 different scales (small and large surfaces) � Microelectronics, energy and bio-medical application � Roll-to-roll for steel and glass applications 2 different ways (wet and plasma) � Nanolayering (nanolayer and multilayer systems) � Nanoclustering (nanoparticle inclusions) � Nanotexturing (morphology control, from nodule-like to ribbon-like) Improved properties � Barrier properties (liquid, gas, improved corrosion protection) � Electrical properties � Anti-scratch films � Hydrophobic and hydrophilic properties � Antireflective, IR, UV protection 145/290
Project Goals NAPOLYDE industrials aim to develop new technologies and processes with full control over the nanoscale for the mass production of new highly innovative products based on polymeric film and coatings with controlled nanoscale features (thickness, porosity, roughness, surface structures or inclusions such as nanoparticles) can provide systems with radically new chemical or physical properties. Among them barrier, mechanical protection, super-hydrophobicity, antireflectivity, conductivity are all the most industrially relevant. In addition, manipulation on the nanoscale of polymer thin films is a route to the miniaturization of functional micro devices. NAPOLYDE very much emphasizes the cost driven aspect for different types of components (large and small devices) and all the derived scientific issues like coating thickness are mirrored and bound to the severe requirements resulting from the enormous deposition speed (or very high throughput) in order to reach acceptance in volume markets. According to a first estimate for high volume products (e.g. coatings on steel) it can be said that under current production conditions (about 30 m/mn web speed or 15 wafers/h) the deposition PVD/CVD or Sol GEL layer has to be well below 1µm to get acceptance on the high volume market. The vision to reach the market with coatings under recent development one should have in mind is the “factor 4” rule: half the thickness should reach twice the quality of the “state of the art” coating. Concerning quality and thickness (at given production speed) NAPOLYDE very much profits from nano-science. Short description of the project The overall objectives of NAPOLYDE are: Two main industrial processes will be radically improved to get thin polymeric film on surfaces (two ranges will be considered: 1 mm² & >>1m²), wet deposition processes (i.e.: sol-gel, sonochemistry or self-assembly) and dry deposition processes (plasma CVD, sputtering etc) and to provide nanolayering, nanoclustering and nanotexturing of organic thin films in mass production: � Robust and scalable deposition technologies to master thin films characteristics (Thickness: Large surfaces with homogeneous precise thickness and chemical and physical properties, composition: inclusion of nano-particles inside films, film stochiometry and surface geometry: to benefit from the specific properties of nanotextured surfaces). � Measurement instruments and design tools to control these high precision deposition technologies at industrial scale (in-situ continuous characterization tools for thickness and composition, simulation models…) � Scale-up methodologies and know-how to support new technologies introduction inside industrial process chains. Concerning nanoscale precision three main ideas will be explored (nanolayering, nanoclustering and nanotexturing) and the best solution (vs. costs, properties…) will be developed depending on the application. Some first examples are mentioned below: Multi Nano-layering Deposition of successive polymeric layer for combining different physical and chemical properties. The main challenge here will be the uniformity of the layer in term of thickness and composition, perfect control of each nanolayer uniformity and adhesion under mass production conditions: � PECVD (high density plasma, pulsed plasma or capacitive plasma): nanolayering of different organic thin films (SiOxCyNz, CFx, CHx) coupled with some planarization techniques will be investigated. � Wet: various combinations of crosslinked polymer and sol-gel matrix films will be deposited to reach either property gradients (e.g., refractive index gradients) or combinations of properties, such as enhanced optical (antireflective, IR, UV protection, etc.), sensing or anti-corrosion properties, in combination with other properties, such as scratch resistance, superhydrophibicity, etc). Nano-clustering: Dispersion/Incorporation in the polymeric and sol gel or plasma thin film(s) of nanosized building blocks such as nanoparticles (clusters, colloids, nanotubes). The main aim is here to reduce material density and improve the mechanical properties. Moreover embedded nanoparticles can also present optical or electromagnetic and barrier properties. The incorporation of nanoclusters for improved ionic conductivity PEO (polyethylene oxide) based solid polymer electrolytes will also be analysed. NAPOLYDE, T. Meyer, Solaronix 146/290 2/8
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Forschung, April 2009 Programm Phot
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Programm Photovoltaik Ausgabe 2009
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B. Ruhstaller, R. Häusermann, N. A
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PROGRAMM PHOTOVOLTAIK Eidgenössisc
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1. Programmschwerpunkte und anvisie
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Eine zweite Kategorie von Projekten
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Im Integrierten EU-Projekt ATHLET [
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Figur 3: Prototyp eines monolithisc
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SOLARMODULE UND GEBÄUDEINTEGRATION
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BEGLEITENDE THEMEN Das PSI beteilig
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Programme abgeschlossen. Die erste
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Messkampagnen - Messkampagne Wittig
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zielführend eingesetzt werden. Das
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[43] P. Renaud, L. Perret, (pierre.
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11. Verwendete Abkürzungen (inkl.
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D. Güttler, S. Bücheler, S. Seyrl
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Goals of the project The global pro
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1.2. Comparison of ZnO and SiOx int
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2. Processes 2.1. Microcrystalline
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3.2. Amorphous/amorphous silicon ta
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EQE 1.0 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 12.4 11.7 1
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4.7 Summary and perspectives for wo
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Acknowledgements We thank all the P
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Goals of the project The goals of t
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Eidgenössisches Departement für U
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Introduction / Project Goals Prior
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3/4 Effective light trapping scheme
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Département fédéral de l’envir
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5/6 Large area thin-film silicon ce
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3/4 Der verbesserte Lichteinfang is
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3/5 Results Microstructure characte
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Introduction / Project goals The fo
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Optimization of CdS chemical bath d
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Fig. 5: J-V curve (left) and extern
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3/7 Work performed and results achi
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5/7 Fig. 3: Raman spectra recorded
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7/7 Measurements of solar cells per
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7/8 Figure 16: Flexible DSCmodule F
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Systemtechnik D. Chianese, N. Cereg
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Aim of the project The aim of the
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The short circuit current of each P
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TEST cycle 11 In 2008 a new 15 mont
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Evaluation 2008 and prospects for 2
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1. Traceable performance measuremen
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formed with two standard halogen la
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3. Modelling and analysis (SP4) 3.1
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Figure 3 shows a summary of the RR
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Projektziele für 2008 � Fortfüh
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Interessant ist die Beobachtung, da
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~ Mains terminal Synchronisation &
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International collaboration SoS-PVi
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The cumulative installed PV power i
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5/5 Workshops Grid Parity & Beyond
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Einleitung / Projektziele Die Ziele
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Dank der Projektdatenbank vom Task
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Nationale und internationale Zusamm
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Einleitung Anfangs 2008 konnte die
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Das Verfahren für Projektanträge
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Skizze - nicht eintreten 13% Gesuch
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Community Based Rural Income throug
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Licht für Bildung und Entwicklung
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Département fédéral de l’envir
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3/6 SOUS-TÂCHE 2 « PLANIFICATION,
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kg/m2 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Fassadenaufst
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3/5 Table 2: Sites used for benchma
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2/6 Einleitung / Projektziele Der r
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4/6 Die Technical Standards (TS) zu
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6/6 Im Jahr 2008 neu publizierte No
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Introduction and Goals PV ERA NET i
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Operational Level The networking ac
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Topical Areas: Complementarities, G
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International Cooperation According
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