Programm Photovoltaik Ausgabe 2009 ... - Bundesamt für Energie BFE
Programm Photovoltaik Ausgabe 2009 ... - Bundesamt für Energie BFE Programm Photovoltaik Ausgabe 2009 ... - Bundesamt für Energie BFE
Eidgenössisches Departement für Umwelt, Verkehr, Energie und Kommunikation UVEK Bundesamt für Energie BFE DEVELOPMENT OF FLEXIBLE CIGS SOLAR MODULES WITH METAL GRIDS Annual Report 2008 Author and Co-Authors R. Kern, M. Kaelin Institution / Company FLISOM AG Address Technoparkstr. 1, 8005 Zürich Telephone, E-mail, Homepage +41 (0) 44 633 79 68, marc.kaelin@flisom.ch, www.flisom.ch Project- / Contract Number sponsored by axpo Naturstrom Fonds Duration of the Project (from – to) January 2007 – August 2008 Date December 2008 ABSTRACT The project focused on scaling up CIGS thin film technology on flexible substrates and prototype module development via metal grid interconnection. The project results include flexible modules with various output voltages made of high efficiency absorber materials and based on a concept that resulted in a world record efficiency of 14.1 % for solar cells on plastic foils. Various processing steps for the production of flexible CIGS solar modules with advantageous metal grid interconnection have been investigated. These steps include optimizing the back contact patterning, serial connection of single cells and the optimization of the metal grid design. The developed mathematical models were verified by manufacturing of mini-modules of various output voltages and sizes. With the experience gained during the project, grid structures with very narrow printed conduction lines in the range of 50-100 micro meters were achieved in order to avoid optical losses of the shielded cell area. Finally, the deposition technology was further developed to yield demonstrator modules with monolithic metal grid interconnection for improved current collection in the window layer. 119/290
Introduction / project objectives Transparent conducting oxide (TCO) materials as typically used in thin film front contacts have much higher resistivity than metallic layers. Therefore fine lines of metal on top of a TCO layer can significantly reduce the serial resistance of the layer. Printing of such lines on flexible CIGS solar cells was investigated and optimized for laterally thin but vertically high structures with reasonably low contact resistance. At the same time, the metal grid structure can be used to improve the resistance of the serial interconnection of single cells (fig. 1) Fig. 1: Serial interconnection of single cells to a solar module with higher output voltage. Work performed and results obtained Front contact Absorber Back contact Substrate Back contact patterning was investigated by the use of sputtering masks, lithography, mechanical scribing or mechanical cutting and reconnection (shingling) and for metal grid connection of single cells, screen-printing, evaporation and soldering methods were evaluated. Due to simpler handling of the substrates, the monolithic interconnection technique is the method of choice. The deposition processes of the solar cell layers were scaled up to 20x20cm 2 (Fig. 2). Demonstrator modules with various output voltages (aprox. 0.5V per interconnected cell) were manufactured and used for proof of concept. Fig. 2: Flexible monolithic demonstrator modules with grid interconnected cells. National / international collaborations FLISOM is a spin-off from ETH and has emerged from the thin film physics group of ETH Zurich. Additional specific know-how is required and is acquired through subcontracting and collaboration with Swiss and European industries. Acknowledgement The support from axpo Naturstrom Fonds is kindly acknowledged [1]. References [1] Naturstrom-Newsletter, Herbst 07, Axpo Vertrieb AG, Page 5,6 120/290 Development of flexible CIGS solar modules with metal grids, M. Kaelin, FLISOM 2/2
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Eidgenössisches Departement <strong>für</strong><br />
Umwelt, Verkehr, <strong>Energie</strong> und Kommunikation UVEK<br />
<strong>Bundesamt</strong> <strong>für</strong> <strong>Energie</strong> <strong>BFE</strong><br />
DEVELOPMENT OF FLEXIBLE CIGS SOLAR<br />
MODULES WITH METAL GRIDS<br />
Annual Report 2008<br />
Author and Co-Authors R. Kern, M. Kaelin<br />
Institution / Company FLISOM AG<br />
Address Technoparkstr. 1, 8005 Zürich<br />
Telephone, E-mail, Homepage +41 (0) 44 633 79 68, marc.kaelin@flisom.ch, www.flisom.ch<br />
Project- / Contract Number sponsored by axpo Naturstrom Fonds<br />
Duration of the Project (from – to) January 2007 – August 2008<br />
Date December 2008<br />
ABSTRACT<br />
The project focused on scaling up CIGS thin film technology on flexible substrates and prototype<br />
module development via metal grid interconnection. The project results include flexible modules with<br />
various output voltages made of high efficiency absorber materials and based on a concept that resulted<br />
in a world record efficiency of 14.1 % for solar cells on plastic foils.<br />
Various processing steps for the production of flexible CIGS solar modules with advantageous metal<br />
grid interconnection have been investigated. These steps include optimizing the back contact patterning,<br />
serial connection of single cells and the optimization of the metal grid design. The developed<br />
mathematical models were verified by manufacturing of mini-modules of various output voltages and<br />
sizes. With the experience gained during the project, grid structures with very narrow printed conduction<br />
lines in the range of 50-100 micro meters were achieved in order to avoid optical losses of the<br />
shielded cell area. Finally, the deposition technology was further developed to yield demonstrator<br />
modules with monolithic metal grid interconnection for improved current collection in the window<br />
layer.<br />
119/290
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