Programm Photovoltaik Ausgabe 2008 ... - Bundesamt für Energie BFE

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3/4 Expected Impact The expected results of the project are: � the development of the SoS-PV inverter validated on 5 prototypes, and available for demonstration systems; � to validate that the SoS-PV inverter is less than 30% more expensive than conventional PV inverters (excepting storage components), has a low environmental impact, high energy efficiency and maximises the PV production in comparison to conventional PV inverters; � to study the feasibility of additional functionalities e.g. for integration in virtual power plants; � the identification of barriers to the exploitation of the full benefits of the SoS-PV inverter. Progress to Date A market study was performed with data on weak grids in Europe (load profiles, grid quality), the estimation of market potential for small scale distributed generation and grid stabilization systems in Europe, especially considering power and storage capacity provided. This also included the identification of possible impact and barriers for implementation of SOS-PV inverter, in particular regulation issues. From the study of the national load profiles on the electricity network and of the irradiation curves, it was clear that to reach a high penetration of PV energy, it will be necessary to delay the injection to peak load periods. The next figure shows the profile of real consumption (data presented as % of simultaneity of the MV-LV transformer) as well as the simulation of the consumption with 10, 20 and 30% PV penetration and the average value of the daily consumption in the 3 scenarios. The load profile is representative of a mixed urban area with households and small businesses, during a winter day, in Spain. The main barriers to the full exploitation of the benefits by the PV owner were identified as: � the possibility of injecting electricity to the network directly from a storage unit; � retribution of the PV system owner via flexible feed-in tariff or an incentive from the utility to PV owners that install a SoS-PV system; � the need for a sensor for the reactive power at the integration point. The main barriers to the full exploitation of the benefits by the utility were identified as: � standard for short-circuit should take into account the installed distributed generation (DG) when this DG can be controlled by the utility; � the need for communication interfaces between the PV owner and the utility; � in low quality grids, PV and especially a SoS-PV system has only a positive impact on the network stabilisation when injecting in the case of a low voltage. Therefore, the low voltage threshold should be decreased; � the need for a deregulated market in order to be able to charge clients for higher power quality; � the utility needs to be able to control the injection of the reactive power. Storage system: the storage size was decided to be in the range of 15kWh with 4.5kWh emergency reserve. Two prototypes of the lithium based storage systems and two prototypes of the lead-acid battery and supercapacitors based storage systems have been developed and delivered for testing and integration purposes. SOS-PVI, P. Gaillard, Maxwell Technologies Seite 207 von 288
W 900 800 700 600 500 400 300 200 100 Réal consumption Average real 10% PV penetration Average 10% penetration 20% PV penetration Average 20% PV penetration 30% PV penetration Average 30% PV penetration 0 00:00 02:00 04:00 06:00 08:00 10:00 12:00 Day hours 14:00 16:00 18:00 20:00 22:00 00:00 Load curve real, with 10 to 30% PV penetration and average on the day International collaboration SoS-PVi is a project of the European Community sixth Framework Programme, which datasheet is: � Specific Targeted Research Project (STREP) � Proposal n° 019883 � Contract n° SES6-CT-2005-019883- SOS-PVi � Coordinator : Commissariat à l’Energie Atomique (CEA) � Duration : 39 months � Project starting : 1st of October 2005 � Project ending : 31st of December 2008 European Commission Directorate-General for Research Information and Communication Unit BE-1049 Brussels Fax +32-2-295 82 20 http://ec.europa.eu/research/rtdinfo Project partners � CEA, France � SAFT, France � Enersys-Hawker, France - Poland � Maxwell Technologies SA, Switzerland � Trama TecnoAmbiental, Spain Seite 208 von 288 SOS-PVI, P. Gaillard, Maxwell Technologies 4/4
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Forschung, April 2008 Programm Phot
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Programm Photovoltaik Ausgabe 2008
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T. Meyer ORGAPVNET: Coordination Ac
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PROGRAMM PHOTOVOLTAIK Eidgenössisc
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1. Programmschwerpunkte und anvisie
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Ein neues KTI-Projekt Flexible Phot
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In einem neuen, durch den Axpo Natu
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Performanz und Energieproduktion vo
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ERGÄNZENDE PROJEKTE UND STUDIEN En
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in diesem Projekt für die Koordina
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5. Pilot- und Demonstrationsprojekt
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Produktionskapazität von insgesamt
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[26] H. Häberlin, L. Borgna, D. Gf
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[89] Konzept der Energieforschung d
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Solarzellen C. Ballif, J. Bailat, F
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Département fédéral de l’envir
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3/9 Fig. 1: Refractive index n and
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5/9 V oc [mV] 940 920 900 880 860 8
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7/9 Fig. 5: Top) SEM micrographs of
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9/9 Acknowledgements The co-workers
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Seite 40 von 288 Introduction and f
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Seite 42 von 288 Introduction / Pro
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Seite 44 von 288 Results The amorph
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Seite 50 von 288 High efficiency so
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Seite 52 von 288 Towards low costs
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Eidgenössisches Departement für U
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3/6 The Athlet consortium comprises
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5/6 Large area cluster deposition s
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SIWIS Département fédéral de l
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3/6 Results Defects characterizatio
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5/6 The test methodology was optimi
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Seite 70 von 288 Summary of Applied
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Seite 72 von 288 Table 5 summarizes
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3/7 Figure 1: Vacuum deposition equ
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5/7 Testing of thickness, chemical
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7/7 Figure 6: Large area flexible s
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Seite 86 von 288 Intensity / arb. u
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LARCIS Eidgenössisches Departement
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3/6 Work and results Alternative Ba
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5/6 As expected the addition of Na
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ATHLET Eidgenössisches Departement
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3/9 ZnO:Al/ZnO was deposited by rf-
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5/9 Figure 4: XRD pattern of powder
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7/9 PBDVA temp [°C] 100 200 250 Bu
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9/9 National and international coll
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Introduction / Project Goals Thin f
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Introduction The work to be reporte
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Ongoing Work and Results 2007 Dye d
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International Cooperation Internati
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Introduction Dye-sensitized solar c
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Figure 2: Upper panel: isodensity p
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3/3 (a) (b) I N ClO ClO4- 4- Al ITO
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Seite 124 von 288 Project Goals The
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Seite 126 von 288 Within the activi
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Seite 128 von 288 Typical UV-Vis sp
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Project Goals The goal is the estab
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NAPOLYDE Département fédéral de
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3/7 � PECVD/Sputtering Co-deposit
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5/7 Work and results SP2.4 - Nanola
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7/7 Evaluation 2007 and Outlook 200
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Projektziele In der Schweiz bestehe
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Die wichtigsten erreichten Ziele de
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Energy Center (EC) der EPFL Univers
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Für 2008 ist in Zusammenarbeit mit
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BIPV-CIS Eidgenössisches Departeme
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3/3 Bewertung 2007 und Ausblick 200
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Page 177 and 178: data sets. The indoor data sets con
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3/10 Ziele 2007 Die Ziele der REPIC
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5/10 Die restlichen 13 Projektantr
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7/10 Stand der technischen REPIC Pr
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9/10 Förderung der Solarenergie f
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3/6 Les avantages pour le consommat
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5/6 SOUS-TÂCHE 4 « Information et
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3/3 Turbidity climatology Turbidity
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Einleitung / Projektziele Normenarb
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IEC 62548 Installation and Safety R
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Referenzen Eine vollständige Liste
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Introduction and Goals PV ERA NET i
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WP2: Strategy Issues: The main acti
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A dedicated transnational call “P
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Databases have been developed for o
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Programm Photovoltaik Ausgabe 2008 ... - Bundesamt für Energie BFE

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