PATH 372 Diseases of Horticultural Crops

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DISEASES OF TURMERIC 1) Rhizome rot – Pythium aphanidermatum, P. graminicolum The disease is common in Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Kerala and Tamil Nadu. Symptoms The disease occurs in patches. Infected plants show progressive drying up of the leave, which first proceeds along the margins and later the entire leaf dries up The root system is adversely affected. It gets reduced leaving few decaying brown roots. Infection gradually spreads to rhizomes which begin to rot and become soft. The bright orange colour of the rhizome is changed into different shades of brown. Disease cycle P.I: The fungi survive in soil and infected rhizomes as oospores S.I: Spreads through irrigation water as zoospores Management Crop rotation with non-hosts Grow turmeric in light soils with good drainage Use disease free rhizomes for planting Rhizomes should be dipped in Metalaxyl@2.5g/l or Bordeaux mixture@1% solution for 40 minutes Drench the soil at root region with captan@2 g or COC@2.5 g or metalaxyl@1 g per liter in the initial stages of the disease Turmeric varieties, PCT-13 and PCT-14 are resistant to this disease. 2) Leaf spot – Colletotrichum capsici Symptoms Fungus attacks only leaves and usually infection is confined to leaf blades and occasionally extend to leaf sheaths On leaves, elliptic to oblong spots of different sizes appear on both the surfaces, but more on upper surface Spots gradually increase in size and attain a length of 4-5cm and breadth of 2-3cm Mature spots have grayish center with dark brown margins surrounded by a yellow halo Central portion of the spot becomes thin and papery Several spots coalesce to form irregular necrotic patches 82
Disease cycle P.I: Infected plant debris S.I: Air borne conidia Management Remove and destroy infected plant debris Treat rhizomes with COC@0.25% solution Spray Carbendazim@0.1% or Mancozeb@0.25%. during Aug-Dec along with sandovit@0.5 ml/lt Avoid excess shading Tolerant varieties: TS-2, TS-4, TS-9, TS-88 3) Leaf blotch – Taphrina maculans Symptoms Appearance of large number of spots on both surfaces of leaf Spots first appear as pale yellow discolouration which gradually turn to reddish brown Spots lie between leaf veins and are rectangular, coalesce to form big irregular patches Survival and spread Infected plant debris Collateral hosts: Curcuma amada, C. angustifolia Favourable conditions Temperature of 21-23 0 C with 80% R.H. Management Collect and destroy diseased leaves Spray Mancozeb@0.25% or COC@0.25% at 20 days interval Resistant varieties: China (Curcuma domestica) and Jaweli (C. amada) 83
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COURSE MATERIAL FOR PATH 372 DISEAS
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Management Preventive measures: Se
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Symptoms: The disease attacks leav
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Tristeza affected trees look chloro
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Symptoms: The disease starts with
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Spraying with Karathane 0.1% or cos
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1. Use of disease free planting mat
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The seedling radicle is negatively
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The finer roots show black streaks
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DISEASES OF PAPAYA Powdery mildew
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4. Leaf curl: Tobacco leaf curl vir
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Management Removal and destruction
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Disease cycle P.I: Through disease
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6) Banana Mosaic / Infectious chlor
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Management Spray carbendazim@0.1% o
Page 31 and 32: Cool dry weather Maximum temperatu
Page 33 and 34: 3. Anthracnose / Birds eye disease:
Page 35 and 36: 6. Rust: Phakopsora vitis GLR is co
Page 37 and 38: • Fruit set - 0.15% captafol 2) P
Page 39 and 40: Symptoms Small outgrowths on stem
Page 41 and 42: Severely infected leaves defoliate
Page 43 and 44: Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus. The dise
Page 45 and 46: 1) Little leaf - Phytoplasma LECTUR
Page 47 and 48: stage produces perithecia in which
Page 49 and 50: LECTURE 9 DISEASES OF POTATO 1) Lat
Page 51 and 52: Infected auxillary bud or the leaf
Page 53 and 54: Favourable conditions High soil te
Page 55 and 56: Also transmitted by pollen and seed
Page 57 and 58: Disease cycle P.I: Mycelium or con
Page 59 and 60: Management All collateral hosts in
Page 61 and 62: LECTURE 11 DISEASES OF CRUCIFERS 1)
Page 63 and 64: The fungus is seed borne and cause
Page 65 and 66: DISEASES OF CUCURBITS 1) Downy mild
Page 67 and 68: Disease cycle P.I: Collateral host
Page 69 and 70: 1) Purple blotch - Alternaria porri
Page 71 and 72: DISEASES OF BEANS 1) Anthracnose -
Page 73 and 74: Aphis craccivora, Macrosiphum pisi,
Page 75 and 76: Incorporate green manure crops like
Page 77 and 78: Provide proper drainage during rain
Page 79 and 80: As the disease advances the trunk g
Page 81: The centers of the spots eventually
Page 85 and 86: Black minute pycnidia develop in th
Page 87 and 88: On stems, infected areas are blacke
Page 89 and 90: 1) Blotch - Septoria chrysanthemell
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PATH 372 Diseases of Horticultural Crops

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